MyMedR

Fulltext Feasibility of Patient Navigation to Improve Breast Cancer Care in Malaysia

Yeoh ZY, Jaganathan M, Rajaram N, Rawat S, Tajudeen NA, Rahim N, et al.

J Glob Oncol, 2018 11;4:1-13.

PMID: 30398950 DOI: 10.1200/JGO.17.00229

PURPOSE: Late stage at presentation and poor adherence to treatment remain major contributors to poor survival in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Patient navigation (PN) programs in the United States have led to improvement in diagnostic or treatment timeliness, particularly for women in lower socioeconomic classes or minority groups. To date, studies of PN in Asia have been limited. We aimed to assess the feasibility of PN in a state-run hospital in an LMIC and to report the impact on diagnostic and treatment timeliness for patients in its first year of implementation.

METHODS: We established PN in a dedicated breast clinic of a Malaysian state-run hospital. We compared diagnostic and treatment timeliness between navigated patients (n = 135) and patients diagnosed in the prior year (n = 148), and described factors associated with timeliness.

RESULTS: Women with PN received timely mammography compared with patients in the prior year (96.4% v 74.4%; P < .001), biopsy (92.5% v 76.1%; P = .003), and communication of news (80.0% v 58.5%; P < .001). PN reduced treatment default rates (4.4% v 11.5%; P = .048). Among navigated patients, late stage at presentation was independently associated with having emotional and language barriers ( P = .01). Finally, the main reason reported for delay, default, or refusal of treatment was the preference for alternative therapy.

CONCLUSION: PN is feasible for addressing barriers to cancer care when integrated with a state-run breast clinic of an LMIC. Its implementation resulted in improved diagnostic timeliness and reduced treatment default. Wider adoption of PN could be a key element of cancer control in LMICs.

Matched MeSH terms: Breast Neoplasms/pathology

Fulltext Camel whey protein hydrolysates induced G2/M cellcycle arrest in human colorectal carcinoma

Murali C, Mudgil P, Gan CY, Tarazi H, El-Awady R, Abdalla Y, et al.

Sci Rep, 2021 03 29;11(1):7062.

PMID: 33782460 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86391-z

Camel milk has been gaining immmense importance due to high nutritious value and medicinal properties. Peptides from milk proteins is gaining popularity in various therapeutics including human cancer. The study was aimed to investigate the anti-cancerous and anti-inflammatory properties of camel whey protein hydrolysates (CWPHs). CWPHs were generated at three temperatures (30 ℃, 37 ℃, and 45 ℃), two hydrolysis timepoints (120 and 360 min) and with three different enzyme concentrations (0.5, 1 and 2 %). CWPHs demonstrated an increase in anti-inflammatory effect between 732.50 (P-6.1) and 3779.16 (P-2.1) µg Dicolfenac Sodium Equivalent (DSE)/mg protein. CWPHs (P-4.3 & 5.2) inhibited growth of human colon carcinoma cells (HCT116) with an IC50 value of 231 and 221 μg/ml, respectively. P-4.3 induced G2/M cell cycle arrest and modulated the expression of Cdk1, p-Cdk1, Cyclin B1, p-histone H3, p21 and p53. Docking of two peptides (AHLEQVLLR and ALPNIDPPTVER) from CWPHs (P-4.3) identified Polo like kinase 1 as a potential target, which strongly supports our in vitro data and provides an encouraging insight into developing a novel peptide-based anticancer formulation. These results suggest that the active component, CWPHs (P-4.3), can be further studied and modeled to form a small molecule anti-cancerous therapy.

Matched MeSH terms: Colorectal Neoplasms/pathology*

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma with spinal secondaries

Elango S, Kareem BA, Chandrasekaran S, Azman N

J Laryngol Otol, 1991 Sep;105(9):772-3.

PMID: 1919352 DOI: 10.1017/s0022215100117281

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma has been reported to have a higher incidence of distant metastases as compared to other head and neck cancers. Distant metastases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma has been reported in the bones, lungs, liver, distant lymph nodes, brain and porta hepatis. This report presents a case of nasopharyngeal carcinoma with secondaries in the extradural space at the thoracic level of the spinal cord which hitherto has been an unreported site.

Matched MeSH terms: Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms/pathology*

Fulltext Lymphoepitheliomas of the cervical lymph nodes

Loke YW

Br. J. Cancer, 1965 Sep;19(3):482-5.

PMID: 5833066 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.1965.56

Matched MeSH terms: Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms/pathology*

Prophetic medicine as potential functional food elements in the intervention of cancer: A review

Sheikh BY, Sarker MMR, Kamarudin MNA, Ismail A

Biomed Pharmacother, 2017 Nov;95:614-648.

PMID: 28888208 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.08.043

Amounting scientific evidences have revealed the antitumor, antimetastatic, antiangiogenic, antiproliferative, chemopreventive and neo-adjuvant efficacy of Prophetic Medicine in various in vitro, in vivo and clinical cancer models. Prophetic Medicine includes plants, dietary materials or spices that were used as remedy recipes and nutrition by the great Prophet Mohammed (peace be upon him) to treat various ailments. Prophetic medicine is the total authentic Hadith narrated by the Prophet (PBUH) in relation to medicine, whether Qur'anic verses or honourable Prophetic Hadith. The ability of functional foods from Prophetic Medicine to modulate various signalling pathways and multidrug resistance conferring proteins with low side-effects exemplify their great potential as neo-adjuvants and/or chemotherapeutics. The present review aims to provide the collective in vitro, in vivo, clinical and epidemiology information of Prophetic Medicines, and their bioactive constituents and molecular mechanisms as potential functional foods for the management of cancer.

Matched MeSH terms: Neoplasms/pathology

Association between gastrointestinal cancers and fingerprint patterns in the Iranian population

Abbasi S, Rasouli M

Genet. Mol. Res., 2017 Sep 21;16(3).

PMID: 28973742 DOI: 10.4238/gmr16039762

Gastrointestinal cancers are malignant diseases with high mortality rate. Early diagnosis of patients could improve the results of treatment. Many studies used dermatoglyphics as a biomarker to predict the incidence of genetic diseases and cancers. This study assessed the association between gastrointestinal cancers and particular fingerprint patterns, which could be useful in early diagnosis of these malignancies. The study was conducted on 153 histopathologically confirmed gastrointestinal cancer patients and 299 healthy individuals. The fingerprints were taken by a specific method of rolling the subject's fingers or thumbs in ink. The data were analyzed for the significance using the chi-square test and the t-test. Odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Dermatoglyphic analysis showed that whorl and loop patterns significantly changed in the case group as compared to control. However, the odds ratio suggested that whorl pattern in 6 or more fingers might be a risk factor for developing gastrointestinal cancers. Our results showed that there is an association between fingerprint patterns and gastrointestinal cancers, and so, the dermatoglyphic analysis may aid in the early diagnosis of these cancers.

Matched MeSH terms: Gastrointestinal Neoplasms/pathology

Neoplasia in goldlined seabream, Rhabdosargus sarba (Forsskål, 1775)

Singaravel V, Gopalakrishnan A, Raja K, Rajkumar M, Ferguson HW

J Fish Dis, 2018 Feb;41(2):405-411.

PMID: 29125189 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12737

Matched MeSH terms: Neoplasms/pathology*

Fulltext Synthesis and In Vitro Antiproliferative Activity of New 1-Phenyl-3-(4-(pyridin-3-yl)phenyl)urea Scaffold-Based Compounds

Al-Sanea MM, Ali Khan MS, Abdelazem AZ, Lee SH, Mok PL, Gamal M, et al.

Molecules, 2018 Jan 31;23(2).

PMID: 29385071 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23020297

A new series of 1-phenyl-3-(4-(pyridin-3-yl)phenyl)urea derivatives were synthesized and subjected to in vitro antiproliferative screening against National Cancer Institute (NCI)-60 human cancer cell lines of nine different cancer types. Fourteen compounds 5a-n were synthesized with three different solvent exposure moieties (4-hydroxylmethylpiperidinyl and trimethoxyphenyloxy and 4-hydroxyethylpiperazine) attached to the core structure. Substituents with different π and σ values were added on the terminal phenyl group. Compounds 5a-e with a 4-hydroxymethylpiperidine moiety showed broad-spectrum antiproliferative activity with higher mean percentage inhibition values over the 60-cell line panel at 10 µM concentration. Compound 5a elicited lethal rather than inhibition effects on SK-MEL-5 melanoma cell line, 786-0, A498, RXF 393 renal cancer cell lines, and MDA-MB-468 breast cancer cell line. Two compounds, 5a and 5d showed promising mean growth inhibitions and thus were further tested at five-dose mode to determine median inhibitory concentration (IC50) values. The data revealed that urea compounds 5a and 5d are the most active derivatives, with significant efficacies and superior potencies than paclitaxel in 21 different cancer cell lines belonging particularly to renal cancer and melanoma cell lines. Moreover, 5a and 5d had superior potencies than gefitinib in 38 and 34 cancer cell lines, respectively, particularly colon cancer, breast cancer and melanoma cell lines.

Matched MeSH terms: Neoplasms/pathology

Localized giant pseudopolyposis in ulcerative colitis

Munchar J, Rahman HA, Zawawi MM

Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2001 Nov;13(11):1385-7.

PMID: 11692068

Localized giant pseudopolyposis is an interesting but unusual manifestation of both ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. The purpose of this report is to present a case of localized giant pseudopolyposis complicating an ulcerative colitis, and review other cases reported in the literature. The clinical and pathological findings are described. The authors also discuss the possible aspect of proper management in this type of lesion.

Matched MeSH terms: Colonic Neoplasms/pathology

Fulltext Mature cystic teratoma: unusual presentation as anterior neck swelling

Rahman MT, Jaafar H, Naik VR, Ghazali MZ, Hassan S

Singapore Med J, 2004 Mar;45(3):130-1.

PMID: 15029417

The unusual presentation of a mature mediastinal cystic teratoma as an anterior neck swelling in a 29-year-old Malay woman is reported.

Matched MeSH terms: Head and Neck Neoplasms/pathology*

Fulltext Complete hydatidiform mole and surviving coexistent twin--a case report

Japaraj RP, Sivalingam N

Singapore Med J, 2000 Mar;41(3):126-8.

PMID: 11063197

Hydatidiform mole with a coexistent fetus is a rare occurrence with an incidence of I per 22,000-100,000 pregnancies. It is associated with persistent gestational trophoblastic tumour. Hence an early and correct diagnosis is imperative to plan subsequent management of such patients. We report a case of a primigravida who presented with vaginal bleeding at early second trimester. Expectant management was carried out for her pregnancy which finally ended in an abortion. The pathology, clinical findings and current management of this rare entity is discussed.

Matched MeSH terms: Uterine Neoplasms/pathology*

Fulltext Congenital posterior mediastinal teratoma--a case report

Harun MH, Yaacob I

Singapore Med J, 1993 Dec;34(6):567-8.

PMID: 8153729

Almost all mediastinal teratomas are found in the anterior mediastinum. We describe a case of a 41-day-old baby girl who had teratoma in the posterior mediastinum. She presented at the age of 6 days with the problem of progressive jaundice and was found to have septicaemia. During septic screening, chest X-ray revealed a mass in the right mediastinum. Ultrasound and CT-scan of the chest showed a multiloculated mass at the right posterior mediastinum. Fine needle aspiration biopsy of the mass confirmed a teratoma.
Study site: Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM), Kelantan, Malaysia

Matched MeSH terms: Mediastinal Neoplasms/pathology

Fulltext Pilomatrixoma (calcifying epithelioma) in Sarawak

Kothare SN

Singapore Med J, 1981 Apr;22(2):96-8.

PMID: 7268457

This is a report of 9 cases of Pilomatrixoma (Calcifying Epithelioma) recorded in 188 benign tumours of the skin and adnexa in Sarawak during 1976 and 1977, with an incidence of 4.7 per cent. Out of the seven Chinese patients four were females. One more female was a Kayan and the race of another female patient was not recorded. Except one, all were below the age of 20 years; the youngest being only 6 months old. In one lesion ossification was also detected.

Matched MeSH terms: Skin Neoplasms/pathology

Fulltext Ovarian neoplasms in Sarawak

Kothare SN

Singapore Med J, 1980 Dec;21(6):756-9.

PMID: 7221588

This is an analysis of ovarian neoplasms encountered in Sarawak during the period January 1976-December 1977. There were 149 benign and 36 primary malignant tumours with an incidence of 44.3 per cent and 23.6 per cent respectively, in neoplasms 01 the Reproductive System. Amongst the benign ovarian tumours Dermoid Cyst
(Cystic Teratoma) was quite frequent (29.5 per cent). In malignant neoplasms Cystadenocarcinomas constituted 66.7 per cent of the total. A case each of Granulosa cell earcinoma, Adenoacanthoma and Endodermal sinus tumours, 4 of Dysgerminoma and 6 of metastatic ovarian tumours were also recorded.

Matched MeSH terms: Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology

Fulltext Benign periarticular, bone and joint lipomatous lesions

Kheok SW, Ong KO

Singapore Med J, 2017 Sep;58(9):521-527.

PMID: 28948289 DOI: 10.11622/smedj.2017087

Benign periarticular, bone and joint lipomatous lesions are rare entities that are increasingly being identified using current imaging techniques. This pictorial review illustrates the wide range of imaging presentations of these lesions at various sites and their pathognomonic features. The main lesions reviewed include intraosseous lipoma, liposclerosing myxofibrous tumour, lipoma arborescens and intra-articular lipoma.

Matched MeSH terms: Bone Neoplasms/pathology

Fulltext Adenomatoid odontogenic tumour: gross and histogical examination of 45 cases

Siar CH, Ng KH, Murugasu P

Singapore Med J, 1987 Apr;28(2):180-9.

PMID: 3629275

This paper represents a reappraisal of the gross and histological features of 45 cases of adenomatoid odontogenic tumours as observed under conventional light and fluorescence microscopy. The findings conformed largely to those of previous studies. Usage of the term adenomatoid odontogenic tumour in preference to its old name 'adenoameloblastoma' is emphasized. The differential diagnosis of this entity from the ameloblastoma and salivary gland tumours is discussed.

Matched MeSH terms: Jaw Neoplasms/pathology

Navigating an unexpected diagnosis - experience of a tertiary referral centre with two cases of intraplacental choriocarcinoma

Lim CCW, Punjabi LS, Bhatia A, Ng QJ, Jevon GP, Aggarwal IM

Malays J Pathol, 2024 Apr;46(1):91-94.

PMID: 38682848

Intraplacental choriocarcinoma is a rare tumour, with approximately 62 reported cases. It may manifest as a spectrum of disease ranging from an incidental lesion diagnosed on routine placental examination to disseminated maternal and/or neonatal disease. In this case series, we presented two rare cases of intraplacental choriocarcinoma with extremely varied clinical presentations. The extremely varied clinical presentations of both patients described in the case series complicated the process of arriving at the diagnosis. In both cases, subsequent investigations showed no maternal or neonatal metastasis, and maternal serum beta-hCG levels downtrended with conservative management. We aim to highlight the importance of performing a detailed physical examination and evaluation of the patient and multidisciplinary management with oncology opinion. A detailed examination of the placenta should also be considered when faced with obstetric complications so that early diagnosis and the required management can be executed in a prompt fashion.

Matched MeSH terms: Uterine Neoplasms/pathology

Quinolone Derivatives as Anticancer Agents: Importance in Medicinal Chemistry

Azzman N, Anwar S, Syazani Mohamed WA, Ahemad N

Curr Top Med Chem, 2024;24(13):1134-1157.

PMID: 38591202 DOI: 10.2174/0115680266300736240403075307

Quinolone is a heterocyclic compound containing carbonyl at the C-2 or C-4 positions with nitrogen at the C-1 position. The scaffold was first identified for its antibacterial properties, and the derivatives were known to possess many pharmacological activities, including anticancer. In this review, the quinolin-2(H)-one and quinolin-4(H)-one derivatives were identified to inhibit several various proteins and enzymes involved in cancer cell growth, such as topoisomerase, microtubules, protein kinases, phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3K) and histone deacetylase (HDAC). Hybrids of quinolone with curcumin or chalcone, 2-phenylpyrroloquinolin-4-one and 4-quinolone derivatives have demonstrated strong potency against cancer cell lines. Additionally, quinolones have been explored as inhibitors of protein kinases, including EGFR and VEGFR. Therefore, this review aims to consolidate the medicinal chemistry of quinolone derivatives in the pipeline and discuss their similarities in terms of their pharmacokinetic profiles and potential target sites to provide an understanding of the structural requirements of anticancer quinolones.

Matched MeSH terms: Neoplasms/pathology

Fully Endoscopic Resection of Frontal Osteomas

Yousef W, Najibullah M, Shabbir Z, Shamo S, Azab WA

Adv Tech Stand Neurosurg, 2024;52:253-257.

PMID: 39017799 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-61925-0_18

BACKGROUND: Osteomas are the most common primary bone tumors of the calvaria, with an incidence of less than 0.5%. In skull vault osteomas, the exostotic form that grows from the outer table is more common than the enostotic ones which arise from the inner table and grow intracranially. Osteomas of the forehead are very noticeable and disfiguring; patients usually seek medical advice for cosmetic reasons. Forehead osteomas were traditionally excised via either a direct incision over the lesion using the naturally occurring creases or a conventional bicoronal flap. More recently, endoscopic approaches for excision of forehead osteomas were introduced. The results were very encouraging and the technique was adopted by many groups worldwide yet with many technical variations. In this chapter we elaborate on the surgical technique and nuances of the fully endoscopic resection of frontal osteomas.

METHODS: From a prospective database of endoscopic procedures maintained by the senior author, clinical data, imaging studies, operative charts, and videos of cases of forehead osteomas were retrieved and analyzed. The pertinent literature was also reviewed.

RESULTS: The surgical technique of the fully endoscopic resection of frontal osteomas was formulated.

CONCLUSION: The endoscopic technique has many advantages over the conventional procedures. In our hands, the technique has proven to be less time-consuming, efficient, and minimally invasive with excellent cosmetic results.

Matched MeSH terms: Skull Neoplasms/pathology

Fulltext Association between MIR499A rs3746444 polymorphism and breast cancer susceptibility: a meta-analysis

Tan SC, Lim PY, Fang J, Mokhtar MFM, Hanif EAM, Jamal R

Sci Rep, 2020 Feb 26;10(1):3508.

PMID: 32103099 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60442-3

Numerous studies have investigated the association of MIR499A rs3746444 polymorphism with breast cancer susceptibility, but the results have been inconsistent. In this work, we performed a meta-analysis to obtain a more reliable estimate of the association between the polymorphism and susceptibility to breast cancer. A comprehensive literature search was conducted on PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science (WoS), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), VIP and Wanfang databases up to January 2020. A total of 14 studies involving 6,797 cases and 8,534 controls were included for analysis under five genetic models: homozygous (GG vs. AA), heterozygous (AG vs. AA), dominant (AG + GG vs. AA), recessive (GG vs. AA + AG) and allele (G vs. A). A statistically significant association was observed between the polymorphism and an increased breast cancer susceptibility under all genetic models (homozygous, OR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.03-1.71, P = 0.03; heterozygous, OR = 1.08, 95% CI = 1.00-1.16, P = 0.04; dominant, OR = 1.15, 95% CI = 1.02-1.30; P = 0.03; recessive, OR = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.06-1.72, P = 0.01; allele, OR = 1.12, 95% CI = 1.00-1.26, P = 0.04). Subgroup analysis based on ethnicity suggested that significant association was present only among Asians, but not Caucasians. In conclusion, MIR499A rs3746444 polymorphism was significantly associated with breast cancer susceptibility among Asians, suggesting its potential use as a genetic risk marker in this population.

Matched MeSH terms: Breast Neoplasms/pathology*

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