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Fulltext Performance of 2 Polymerization Protocols Targeting Cloned Toxoplasma Parasites

Hanafy NA, Badr MS, Nasr GM

Open Access Maced J Med Sci, 2018 Sep 25;6(9):1577-1580.
PMID: 30337968 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2018.400

BACKGROUND: Toxoplasma gondii is a common parasitic infection of humans. Infection is usually mild. Serious complications can occur in pregnant and immunocompromised patients.
AIM: The present study aims to investigate the performance of 2 different PCR protocols; real-time quantitative molecular assays (qPCR) and conventional molecular assays (cPCR), using 2 different sets of primers and by using cloned purified Toxoplasma genomic substances to be evaluated as reference samples.
METHODS: The target DNA was provided in 8 different quantities.
RESULTS: Amplification failure was reported only with the cPCR in samples of low concentrations using both primer sets. Quantitative PCR detected the 8 different dilutions of the purified Toxoplasma gondii using the 2 sets of primers while cPCR was sensitive to detect only 6 different dilutions.
CONCLUSION: Generally real-time quantitative molecular assays, is easy to use method compared to conventional PCR assay and produces more reliable results within only one hour time but still the possible application of qPCRs in routine diagnosis necessitates analysis of a large number of clinical samples in further studies to make the proper choice.

Matched MeSH terms: Female
Fulltext Breastfeeding practice, support, and self- efficacy among working mothers in a rural health clinic in Selangor

Aneesa Abdul Rashid, Nurainul Hana Shamsuddin, Raja Dalila Athirah Raja Malek Ridhuan, Nurin Amalina Sallahuddin, Devaraj, Navin Kumar

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2018;14(2):39-49.
MyJurnal

Introduction: In first six months of life, breastfeeding is the recommended form of feeding by the World Health Organisation for the growing child. To enable the working mother to continue this noble practice, adequate workplace breastfeeding support and self- efficacy is needed. This study aims to determine the prevalence of breastfeeding among working mothers of children aged three months to two years and factors associated with breastfeeding practice including workplace support and mother’s self-efficacy. Method: This is a cross sectional questionnaire study carried out in a rural Health Clinic in Selangor using socio-demographic data, Workplace Breastfeeding Support Scale (WBSS), and the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale Short Form (BSES-SF). This study was conducted for a period of three months from April to June 2015. The respondents were employed Malaysian mothers of healthy infants aged three months to two years. A total of 84 participants were involved in the study. Data analysis was done with SPSS 22.Results: The prevalence of breastfeeding among working mothers were high at 97.6%. We found significant association of breastfeeding practice with workplace breastfeeding support (p=0.005) and self-efficacy (p= 0.017). We also noted a significant correlation between breastfeeding workplace support and breast feeding self-efficacy (r= 0.40, p

Matched MeSH terms: Female
Fulltext Retinoblastoma in an older child: a case report

Ong, Wu Zhuan, Jamalia Rahmat, Ramasamy, Sunder, Amir Samsudin

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2018;14(2):93-96.
MyJurnal

Retinoblastoma is a rare intraocular malignant tumour more commonly seen in children below five years of age. We presented a rare case of retinoblastoma in an older child. A nine-year-old girl noticed that she had loss of vision OS following a fall at home. Her vision was 6/6 OD and only light perception OS. Examination of the left eye revealed an extensive exudative retinal detachment. Her right eye examination was unremarkable. CT scan showed a left eye intraocular mass with calcification. EUA revealed a mixed endophytic and exophytic mass with extensive exudative retinal detachment. Family members consented to left eye enucleation and histopathological report confirmed the diagnosis of retinoblastoma. Post enucleation, patient is doing well with a prosthetic eye. In conclusion, any unexplained visual loss in children regardless of age warrants a full ophthalmological examination as the possibility of retinoblastoma cannot be ruled out.

Matched MeSH terms: Female
Nerve ultrasound can distinguish chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy from demyelinating diabetic sensorimotor polyneuropathy

Tan CY, Arumugam T, Razali SNO, Yahya MA, Goh KJ, Shahrizaila N

J Clin Neurosci, 2018 Nov;57:198-201.
PMID: 30145079 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2018.08.031

Diabetic patients with poor glycaemic control can demonstrate demyelinating distal sensorimotor polyneuropathy (D-DSP) on electrophysiology. Distinguishing D-DSP from chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) can be challenging. In this study, we investigated the role of nerve ultrasound in differentiating the two neuropathies. Nerve ultrasound findings of D-DSP patients (fulfilling the electrophysiological but not clinical criteria for CIDP) were compared with non-diabetic CIDP patients (fulfilling both criteria). We studied 108 and 95 nerves from 9 D-DSP and 10 CIDP patients respectively. CIDP patients had significantly larger cross-sectional areas of the median nerve at the mid-arm (17.0 ± 12.5 vs 8.7 ± 2.6; p = 0.005), ulnar nerve at the wrist (7.3 ± 3.1 vs 4.1 ± 1.0; p = 0.001), mid forearm (8.8 ± 5.3 vs 5.5 ± 1.5; p = 0.002) and mid-arm (14.5 ± 14.1 vs 7.5 ± 1.9; p = 0.013), and radial nerve at mid forearm (4.1 ± 2.4 vs 1.2 ± 0.4; p 

Matched MeSH terms: Female
Fulltext Optic Discs Swelling Procrastinates Wernicke's Encephalopathy Associated with Hyperemesis Gravidarum: A Case Report and Review of Literature

Mun-Wei L, Gayathri G, Kwang Hwee G, Ruban K, Suresh Kumar V, Shatriah I

Cureus, 2018 Jun 12;10(6):e2793.
PMID: 30112269 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.2793

Wernicke's encephalopathy following severe hyperemesis gravidarum is an uncommon clinical entity. We describe a rare manifestation of optic discs swelling in a pregnant woman that has caused a diagnostic dilemma. With high index of suspicion of clinical manifestations and radiological evidences, a clinical diagnosis of Wernicke's encephalopathy was made. Intravenous thiamine therapy was instituted, and prompt improvement of clinical signs was observed. The association of optic discs swelling and Wernicke's encephalopathy after hyperemesis gravidarum is discussed.

Matched MeSH terms: Female
Association between temporomandibular disorders and pubertal development: A systematic review

Song YL, Yap AU, Türp JC

J Oral Rehabil, 2018 Dec;45(12):1007-1015.
PMID: 30125394 DOI: 10.1111/joor.12704

The aim of this systematic review (SR) was to determine the association between temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) and pubertal development. Due to the inadequacy of the conventional PICO (Population, Interventions, Comparisons and Outcome) format used for intervention-based SRs, the Joanna Briggs Institute's guidelines for synthesising evidence related to associations with a focus on aetiology were adopted. A search of the PubMed and LIVIVO databases covering the period from January 1980 to May 2018 yielded four publications, which fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Analysis of articles based on the Pubertal Development Scale showed that TMD prevalence increases with pubertal development. Although no sex difference in TMD prevalence and diagnosis was observed, more females reported TMD anamnestic variables, including accounts of temporomandibular pain during pubertal maturity. The higher prevalence of depression and somatisation during pubertal development may contribute to more TMD symptom reporting in females. More prospective studies incorporating standardised methods for diagnosing TMDs and detecting comorbid psychosocial and somatic problems are desired to further elucidate the relationship between TMDs and pubertal development.

Matched MeSH terms: Female
Fulltext The effect of hand grip strength and trunk rotation strength on throwing ball velocity

Rozella Ab Razak, Kee, Kang Mea, Raja Nurul Jannat Raja Hussain, Nur Atikah Mohamed Kassim, Nuraimi Othman

Movement Health & Exercise, 2018;7(1):89-98.
MyJurnal

Throwing ball velocity is one of the indicators that determine softball
performance. However, most of the training on throwing only focused on the
major muscles and they neglected the assisted muscles such as hand grip and
trunk rotation muscles that also crucial in improving the throwing
performance. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify the effect of
hand grip strength training, and trunk rotation strength training towards the
throwing ball velocity among female collegiate softball players. 54 female
collegiate softball players were equally divided into three training groups
which are hand grip strength training group (HG), trunk rotation strength
training group (TR), and basic strength training group (CG). All the groups
performed the same basic strength training program with different additional
strength training according to the group`s treatment. Each group trained 3
days per week for 6 weeks. Throwing ball velocity was assessed before
(pretest) and after (posttest) the 6 weeks training program via one-way
between groups analysis of variance (ANOVA) to compare the mean gained
score in throwing ball velocity between each group. The result shows that all
group significantly differences in throwing ball velocity (p

Matched MeSH terms: Female
Xanthomatous meningioma: A metaplastic or degenerative phenomenon?

Wong YP, Tan GC, Kumar R

Neuropathology, 2018 Dec;38(6):619-623.
PMID: 30187570 DOI: 10.1111/neup.12511

Xanthomatous changes can be observed in various conditions including primary xanthomatosis that is linked to an underlying hypercholesterolemia and more commonly associated with secondary xanthomatous degenerative processes in neoplasm and chronic inflammation. Meningioma with extensive xanthomatous change is exceedingly rare. The presence of cholesterol clefts within this peculiar meningioma subtype has not been described. Herein, we report an unusual case of xanthomatous meningioma in an 83-year-old normolipidemic woman, who presented to us with worsening lower limb weakness and global aphasia. There was increasing evidence to suggest that the presence of xanthomatous changes in long-standing meningioma is merely a sequela of cellular degeneration rather than true metaplastic change as previously hypothesized. Hence, the diagnosis of "xanthomatous meningioma" in the metaplastic category should be revisited and considered as a distinct histological subtype. The possible histogenesis of such intriguing phenomenon is discussed with a review of the literature.

Matched MeSH terms: Female
A golden age of travel: advancing the interests of older travellers

Flaherty GT, Rossanese A, Steffen R, Torresi J

J Travel Med, 2018 01 01;25(1).
PMID: 30239856 DOI: 10.1093/jtm/tay088
Matched MeSH terms: Female
Fulltext Ambit determination method in estimating rice plant population density

Abu Bakar, B., Abdul Rahman, M.S., Teoh, C.C., Abdullah, M.Z.K., Ismail, R.

Food Research, 2018;2(2):177-182.
MyJurnal

Rice plant population density is a key indicator in determining the crop setting and fertilizer application rate. It is therefore essential that the population density is monitored to ensure that a correct crop management decision is taken. The conventional method of determining plant population is by manually counting the total number of rice plant tillers in a 25 cm x 25 cm square frame. Sampling is done by randomly choosing several different locations within a plot to perform tiller counting. This sampling method is time consuming, labour intensive and costly. An alternative fast estimating method was developed to overcome this issue. The method relies on measuring the outer circumference
or ambit of the contained rice plants in a 25 cm x 25 cm square frame to determine the number of tillers within that square frame. Data samples of rice variety MR219 were collected from rice plots in the Muda granary area, Sungai Limau Dalam, Kedah. The data were taken at 50 days and 70 days after seeding (DAS). A total of 100 data samples were collected for each sampling day. A good correlation was obtained for the variety of 50 DAS and 70 DAS. The model was then verified by taking 100 samples with the latching strap for 50 DAS and 70 DAS. As a result, this technique can be used as a fast, economical and practical alternative to manual tiller counting. The technique can potentially be used in the development of an electronic sensing system to estimate paddy plant population density.

Matched MeSH terms: Female
Fulltext Endometrial stromal sarcoma with Cd56 expression: a case report

Azizan, N., Hayati, F., Madatang, A., Abu Seman, F.

Journal of Surgical Academia, 2018;8(1):36-38.
MyJurnal

Endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS) is a rare malignant tumour of the endometrium, accounts for less than 1% of all
uterine malignancies. Routinely, it is diagnosed morphologically, supported by immunomarkers of CD10 and
vimentin. CD56 is used widely in neuroendocrine tumour. In our current practice, CD56 is not used to support the
diagnosis of ESS. We present a case of a postmenopausal lady with advanced ESS who had expression of CD56
upon immunohistochemical study

Matched MeSH terms: Female
Fulltext Complex Proximal Humeral Fracture Fixation with PHILOS Plate using Minimal Invasive Percutaneous Plate Osteosynthesis (MIPPO) Technique: A Series of 30 Patients

Narayanan VL, Balasubramanian N

Malays Orthop J, 2018 Jul;12(2):20-24.
PMID: 30112124 DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.1807.004

Introduction: Proximal humerus fracture fixation using plate osteosynthesis depends on the quality of the bone, design of the fixation devices and intra-operative soft tissue dissection. This study evaluates the functional outcome of minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis using locking compression plate in proximal humerus fracture treatment. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 30 patients with complex proximal humerus fractures treated by minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis using locking compression plate (PHILOS). There were 21 males and 9 females. The average age of our study group was 58.8 years. All the patients were evaluated at six weeks, three months, four months, six months and 12 months following surgery. Results: All patients had fracture union at an average of 13.2 weeks. The mean DASH score at the follow-up was 8.69 (2.5 to 17.16), the average range of flexion was 143.83 degrees (100 to 170 degrees) and abduction was 121.49 degrees (90 to 160 degrees). We had superficial infection in three patients which resolved with a short course of antibiotics. There was excellent outcome in 26 patients, good and fair in two patients each. Conclusion: Proximal humerus fractures treated with minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis using locking compression plate with minimal soft tissue dissection, provides good functional outcome and early return of shoulder function.

Matched MeSH terms: Female
Fulltext Intraventricular Tuberculoma with Profound Visual Loss: A Case Report and Literature Review

Tengku-Fatishah A, Besari AM, Tharakan J, Shatriah I

Cureus, 2018 Jun 14;10(6):e2807.
PMID: 30123729 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.2807

Intracranial tuberculoma is a rare manifestation of tuberculosis involving the central nervous system. The involvement of the ventricular system is extremely uncommon. We describe a young woman with bilateral papilledema secondary to intraventricular tuberculoma with hydrocephalus. She was treated with anti-tuberculosis therapy and intravenous dexamethasone. Her visual acuity deteriorated after one month of treatment. We provide a literature review of this uncommon ocular sequelae.

Matched MeSH terms: Female
Dental development in children with supernumerary teeth in the anterior region of maxilla

Mallineni SK, Jayaraman J, Wong HM, King NM

Clin Oral Investig, 2019 Jul;23(7):2987-2994.
PMID: 30374829 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-018-2709-2

OBJECTIVE: Development of human dentition has been used as a predictor for evaluating the growth and maturity of an individual. It is fairly identical in a specific population, but the effect of development on subjects with dental anomalies had not been fully explored, particularly on subjects with supernumerary teeth (ST). This study hence aims to evaluate the dental development of children with and without ST.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sample size calculation was conducted and 320 radiographs of subjects with and without supernumerary teeth (ST) were obtained from the archives of a teaching hospital. The subjects in both groups were age and sex matched. All the subjects belong to southern Chinese ethnicity aged 2 to 14 years. The left-side dentition was scored, and dental age (DA) was estimated by obtaining scores from the southern Chinese dental reference dataset. Paired t test was used to calculate the difference between chronological age and dental age (CA-DA) for boys and girls with and without ST and further based on the number and position of ST.
RESULTS: The difference between chronological age and dental age (CA-DA) was 0.10 years for boys and 0.19 years for girls with ST whilst 0.01 and 0.05 years for boys and girls without ST (p > 0.05). The boys with bilateral ST showed significant delay in dental development of 0.23 years (p

Matched MeSH terms: Female
Fulltext Klebsiella pneumoniae sacroiliac septic arthritis: First case report

Chee YC, Lim CH

IDCases, 2018;14:e00459.
PMID: 30386726 DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2018.e00459

Infective sacroiliitis is a rare disease with misleading clinical signs that often delay diagnosis. We report a case of pyogenic sacroiliac joint septic arthritis caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae that has not been reported in the literature highlighting it as one of the important etiologies of infective sacroiliitis especially among diabetics.

Matched MeSH terms: Female
Morphological and Molecular Analyses of Simulium rufibasis (Diptera: Simuliidae) in Thailand

Takaoka H, Srisuka W, Low VL, Saeung A

J Med Entomol, 2019 02 25;56(2):408-415.
PMID: 30398654 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjy180

A man-biting black fly species so far regarded as Simulium rufibasis Brunetti in Thailand was morphologically analyzed. It was found to be almost indistinguishable in the female from S. rufibasis sensu stricto but distinguishable in the male by the slender fore basitarsus and abdominal segments 2, 6, and 7 each with a pair of shiny dorsolateral patches, and in the pupa by the absence of spine-combs on abdominal segment 7 and terminal hooks on segment 9. It is described as a new species, Simulium tenebrosum. Taxonomic notes are given to separate it from all 11 known species of the S. rufibasis subgroup of the Simulium (Simulium) tuberosum species-group. An analysis of the COI gene sequences shows that this new species is distantly separated from the closely related species.

Matched MeSH terms: Female
An in-depth review of the methods, findings, and theories associated with odor-evoked autobiographical memory

Hackländer RPM, Janssen SMJ, Bermeitinger C

Psychon Bull Rev, 2019 Apr;26(2):401-429.
PMID: 30406397 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-018-1545-3

Over the past nearly 35 years, there has been sporadic interest in what has commonly come to be known as the Proust phenomenon, whereby autobiographical memories are retrieved and experienced differently when evoked by odors as compared with other types of cues, such as words, images or sounds. The purpose of this review is threefold. First, we provide a detailed analysis of the methods used to investigate Proust effects. Second, we review and analyze the various findings from the literature and determine what we feel to be the most important and stable findings. Third, we provide a series of previously postulated and new hypotheses that attempt to account for the various findings. Given the early stage of research, the current review aims to provide a measure of organization to the field, as well serve as a guide for how future investigations may address the topic. We conclude with the recommendation that research in this area shift its focus from establishing the phenomenon towards explaining its causes.

Matched MeSH terms: Female
Fulltext Diabetic neuropathic cachexia in a young woman

Yusof NA, Idris NS, Zin FM

Korean J Fam Med, 2018 Nov 30.
PMID: 30497111 DOI: 10.4082/kjfm.17.0127

Profound weight loss with painful symmetrical peripheral neuropathy in diabetic patients was first described as diabetic neuropathic cachexia more than 4 decades ago. It is a distinct type of diabetic peripheral neuropathy that occurs in the absence of other microvascular and autonomic complications of diabetes. The mechanism and precipitating cause are unknown. It was reported to have good prognosis with spontaneous recovery within months to 2 years. However, it was frequently missed by clinicians because the profound weight loss is the most outstanding complaint, rather than the pain, numbness, or weakness. This often leads to extensive investigation to exclude more sinister causes of weight loss, particularly malignancy. We report a case of a young woman with well-controlled diabetes who presented with profound unintentional weight loss (26 kg), symmetrical debilitating thigh pain, and clinical signs of peripheral neuropathy. As the disease entity may mimic an inflammatory demyelinating cause of neuropathy, she was treated with a trial of intravenous immunoglobulin, which failed to give any significant benefit. However, she recovered after 6 months without any specific treatment, other than an antidepressant for the neuropathic pain and ongoing rehabilitation.

Matched MeSH terms: Female
Discovery of Lymantini weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Molytinae) outside the Americas: Devernodes, a new genus for five new species from Southeast Asia

Grebennikov VV

Zootaxa, 2018 Oct 16;4500(3):363-380.
PMID: 30486068 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4500.3.4

This paper reports a new weevil genus Devernodes gen. n. established for five new species from Southeast Asia: D. alkippe sp. n. (China: Mt. Emei), D. asteria sp. n. (Vietnam: Tam Dao), D. chthonia sp. n. (Vietnam: Tam Dao; the type species), D. drimo sp. n. (Malaysia: Pasoh Forest Reserve) and D. methone sp. n. (Malaysia: Tanah Rata). All Devernodes are wingless and inhabit the forest leaf litter. Adult Devernodes share a combination of two head characters unique among weevils in Asia: antenna with apparently unsegmented club and 6-segmented antennal funicle, as well as strong constriction separating the eye-bearing rostrum from the head capsule. To test monophyly and investigate phylogenetic relationships of Devernodes, Maximum Likelihood phylogenetic analysis was undertaken using parts of mitochondrial (COI) and nuclear ribosomal (28S) genes, as well as the nuclear internal transcribed spacer (ITS2) from 14 Devernodes and 55 outgroup Curculionidae specimens. Results strongly corroborated monophyly of Devernodes and did not suggest its realistic sister-group. The new genus is assigned to the molytine tribe Lymantini (not represented in the DNA analysis) based on two potential synapomorphies: head markedly constricted behind eyes and presence of undivided female hemisternites IX (= "merged coxite and stylus"). Thus interpreted, Devernodes is the twelfth nominal genus of Lymantini and the first record of the tribe outside of the Americas. All original data (localities, DNA sequences, specimen images) are available online in public datasets dx.doi.org/10.5883/DS-DEVERNO1 and dx.doi.org/10.5883/DS-DEVERNO2.

Matched MeSH terms: Female
On the genus Systaria (Araneae: Clubionidae) in Southeast Asia: new species from caves and forests

JÄger P

Zootaxa, 2018 Oct 26;4504(4):524-544.
PMID: 30486007 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4504.4.5

The genus Systaria Simon 1897 is reviewed in Southeast Asia and eight new species are described: S. lannops spec. nov. from Thailand (female), S. longinqua spec. nov. (male, female) and S. luangprabang spec. nov. (female) from Laos, S. procera spec. nov. (male, female) and S. bregibec spec. nov. (male) from Cambodia, S. bifidops spec. nov. from Malaysia (male), S. panay spec. nov. (female) and S. princesa spec. nov. (male, female) from Philippines. S. elberti (Strand 1913) is illustrated and partly re-described. Informal groups of species are proposed for the first time. Distribution ranges and habitat preferences are mapped.

Matched MeSH terms: Female

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