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Sex differences from fingerprint ridge density in Chinese and Malaysian population

Nayak VC, Rastogi P, Kanchan T, Yoganarasimha K, Kumar GP, Menezes RG

Forensic Sci Int, 2010 Apr 15;197(1-3):67-9.
PMID: 20071110 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2009.12.055

The fingerprints are very typical for a human being. The present study was undertaken to study the gender differences in fingerprint ridge density in Chinese and Malaysian population. The study done on 200 subjects (100 males and 100 females) of Chinese origin and 100 subjects (50 males and 50 females) of Malaysian origin revealed that significant gender differences occur in the finger ridge density. Fingerprint mean ridge density of 12 ridges/25 mm(2) or less is found to be more likely to be of males and a mean ridge count of more the 13 ridges/25 mm(2) is more likely of female origin in Chinese subjects. Fingerprint mean ridge density of 11 ridges/25 mm(2) or less is found to be more likely to be of males and a mean ridge count of more the 13 ridges/25 mm(2) is more likely of female origin in Malaysian subjects.

Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
Fulltext Cutaneous lupus erythematosus in Sarawak, East Malaysia

Yap FBB

Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol, 2009 May-Jun;75(3):302-3.
PMID: 19439888 DOI: 10.4103/0378-6323.51262
Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
Thrombophilia investigation in Malaysian women with recurrent pregnancy loss

Ayadurai T, Muniandy S, Omar SZ

J Obstet Gynaecol Res, 2009 Dec;35(6):1061-8.
PMID: 20144172 DOI: 10.1111/j.1447-0756.2009.01067.x

The status of thrombophilia in Asian women with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is obscure and poorly understood. Numerous studies suggest the non-existence or extreme rarity of the two important thrombophilia markers, factor V Leiden (FVL) and prothrombin G20210A (PTG) mutations, in patients of Asian ancestries. Thus, the consensus that thrombophilia is rare among Asians and laboratory investigations is irrelevant. We therefore investigated Malaysian women with RPL for thrombophilia abnormalities.

Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
Purtscher retinopathy as an initial presentation of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura

Tajunisah I, Patel DK, Subrayan V

J Thromb Thrombolysis, 2010 Jul;30(1):112-3.
PMID: 19834784 DOI: 10.1007/s11239-009-0399-y
Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
Public knowledge and beliefs about depression among urban and rural Malays in Malaysia

Swami V, Loo PW, Furnham A

Int J Soc Psychiatry, 2010 Sep;56(5):480-96.
PMID: 19651692 DOI: 10.1177/0020764008101639

This study examined knowledge and beliefs about depression among Malaysian Malays varying in socioeconomic status.

Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
Lucio's phenomenon: a report of three cases seen in Johor, Malaysia

Choon SE, Tey KE

Int J Dermatol, 2009 Sep;48(9):984-8.
PMID: 19702985 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-4632.2009.04078.x

Lucio's phenomenon is a rare and aggressive necrotising variant of erythema nodosum leprosum that classically occur in patients with undiagnosed, diffuse non-nodular lepromatous leprosy. It is a potentially fatal leprosy reaction characterised by extensive, bizarrely-shaped, painful purpuric skin lesions and ulcerations. Lucio's phenomenon is very rarely reported outside of Mexico and Costa Rica.

Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
Fulltext Spectrum of thyroid lesions in hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia over 11years and a review of thyroid cancers in Malaysia

Othman NH, Omar E, Naing NN

Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2009;10(1):87-90.
PMID: 19469631

INTRODUCTION: Endemic goitre is a major concern in many nations including Malaysia. Seven states in the country have been identified by Ministry of Health of Malaysia to have high incidence of goitre and one of these is Kelantan.

METHODS: This is a retrospective study over an 11-year period from 1994 to 2004 on all thyroid specimens submitted to the Pathology Department, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM), in Kelantan. Epidemiological data were retrieved from the patients' records and pathology findings from the pathology reports.

RESULTS: During this period, Department of Pathology HUSM received a total of 1,486 thyroid specimens. The female to male ratio was 6:1 and the median age was 40.0 years. The duration of goitre ranged from one to 15 years. Histopathological examination showed 71.9 percent were non-neoplastic and 28.1 percent neoplastic lesions. The hospital-based incidence of nodular hyperplasia was 9.9 per 100,000 admitted patients per year. The hospital-based incidence of all types of malignant thyroid cancers was 3.5 per 100,000. The most common malignancy was papillary carcinoma 76.6 percent. The majority of the cancers (59.5 percent) occurred in a background of nodular hyperplasia. Thyroid cancers made up 4.9 percent of all cancers seen in HUSM.

CONCLUSION: This study suggests that malignant thyroid lesions arising from multi-nodular goitre are high in a population living in an iodine-deficiency area.

Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
Low-spatial-frequency channels and the spatial frequency-doubling illusion

Rosli Y, Bedford SM, Maddess T

Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2009 Apr;50(4):1956-63.
PMID: 18469194 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.08-1810

This study examined the number and nature of spatiotemporal channels in the region where the frequency-doubling (FD) illusion would be expected to occur at eight locations spanning the central 30 degrees of the visual field.

Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
Pediatric cancer deaths: curative or palliative?

Menon BS, Mohamed M, Juraida E, Ibrahim H

J Palliat Med, 2008 Dec;11(10):1301-3.
PMID: 19115887 DOI: 10.1089/jpm.2008.0167

The aims of this study were to review the deaths of Malaysian pediatric oncology patients in order to determine the major causes and the proportion of patients who received palliative care.

Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
Fulltext Qualitative inquiry into premarital sexual behaviours and contraceptive use among multiethnic young women: implications for education and future research

Wong LP

PLoS One, 2012;7(12):e51745.
PMID: 23272156 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0051745

BACKGROUND: This study was a qualitative investigation into sexual attitudes and behaviours, and contraceptive use among Malaysian youth, based on constructs from the health belief model, theory of reasoned action, and problem behaviour theory.
METHODS: A total of 34 focus group discussions with 185 participants were conducted among the Malay (35%), Chinese (34%), and Indian (31%) young females between November, 2010 and April, 2011. The participants were secondary school students and university undergraduates from Selangor and the Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur.
RESULTS: The study found a lack of knowledge about sexual issues and contraception among the participants. Many engaged in unprotected sexual intercourse and relied on periodic abstinence, natural methods, and traditional folk pregnancy preventive practices. The findings also revealed numerous categories of factors influencing sexual attitudes and behaviours: ethnic group and religion, level of religiosity, peer pressure and norms, and parental monitoring. With regard to condom use, factors such as embarrassment about condom acquisition, low perceived susceptibility to sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and perceived efficacy of traditional and folk methods of contraception, were uncovered from the discussions.
CONCLUSION: This study underscores the importance of development of culturally specific interventions that address the identified promoting factors of premarital sex. Behavioral interventions to promote condom use should increase awareness about condom effectiveness against not only unwanted pregnancies but also STIs.

Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
Fulltext Impact of malocclusion on oral health related quality of life in young people

Masood Y, Masood M, Zainul NN, Araby NB, Hussain SF, Newton T

Health Qual Life Outcomes, 2013;11:25.
PMID: 23443041 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7525-11-25

The objectives for this study were to assess Oral Health Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) in young people aged 15-25 who sought orthodontic treatment, and to measure the association between orthodontic treatment need (using the IOTN), sex, age and education level, and oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL).

Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
An application of the theory of planned behaviour to study the influencing factors of participation in source separation of food waste

Karim Ghani WA, Rusli IF, Biak DR, Idris A

Waste Manag, 2013 May;33(5):1276-81.
PMID: 23415709 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2012.09.019

Tremendous increases in biodegradable (food waste) generation significantly impact the local authorities, who are responsible to manage, treat and dispose of this waste. The process of separation of food waste at its generation source is identified as effective means in reducing the amount food waste sent to landfill and can be reused as feedstock to downstream treatment processes namely composting or anaerobic digestion. However, these efforts will only succeed with positive attitudes and highly participations rate by the public towards the scheme. Thus, the social survey (using questionnaires) to analyse public's view and influencing factors towards participation in source separation of food waste in households based on the theory of planned behaviour technique (TPB) was performed in June and July 2011 among selected staff in Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor. The survey demonstrates that the public has positive intention in participating provided the opportunities, facilities and knowledge on waste separation at source are adequately prepared by the respective local authorities. Furthermore, good moral values and situational factors such as storage convenience and collection times are also encouraged public's involvement and consequently, the participations rate. The findings from this study may provide useful indicator to the waste management authorities in Malaysia in identifying mechanisms for future development and implementation of food waste source separation activities in household programmes and communication campaign which advocate the use of these programmes.

Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
Fulltext Randomised prior feedback modulates neural signals of outcome monitoring

Mushtaq F, Wilkie RM, Mon-Williams MA, Schaefer A

Neuroimage, 2016 Jan 15;125:868-879.
PMID: 26497268 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.10.046

Substantial evidence indicates that decision outcomes are typically evaluated relative to expectations learned from relatively long sequences of previous outcomes. This mechanism is thought to play a key role in general learning and adaptation processes but relatively little is known about the determinants of outcome evaluation when the capacity to learn from series of prior events is difficult or impossible. To investigate this issue, we examined how the feedback-related negativity (FRN) is modulated by information briefly presented before outcome evaluation. The FRN is a brain potential time-locked to the delivery of decision feedback and it is widely thought to be sensitive to prior expectations. We conducted a multi-trial gambling task in which outcomes at each trial were fully randomised to minimise the capacity to learn from long sequences of prior outcomes. Event-related potentials for outcomes (Win/Loss) in the current trial (Outcomet) were separated according to the type of outcomes that occurred in the preceding two trials (Outcomet-1 and Outcomet-2). We found that FRN voltage was more positive during the processing of win feedback when it was preceded by wins at Outcomet-1 compared to win feedback preceded by losses at Outcomet-1. However, no influence of preceding outcomes was found on FRN activity relative to the processing of loss feedback. We also found no effects of Outcomet-2 on FRN amplitude relative to current feedback. Additional analyses indicated that this effect was largest for trials in which participants selected a decision different to the gamble chosen in the previous trial. These findings are inconsistent with models that solely relate the FRN to prediction error computation. Instead, our results suggest that if stable predictions about future events are weak or non-existent, then outcome processing can be determined by affective systems. More specifically, our results indicate that the FRN is likely to reflect the activity of positive affective systems in these contexts. Importantly, our findings indicate that a multifactorial explanation of the nature of the FRN is necessary and such an account must incorporate affective and motivational factors in outcome processing.

Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
Fulltext Multiracial Facial Golden Ratio and Evaluation of Facial Appearance

Alam MK, Mohd Noor NF, Basri R, Yew TF, Wen TH

PLoS One, 2015;10(11):e0142914.
PMID: 26562655 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142914

This study aimed to investigate the association of facial proportion and its relation to the golden ratio with the evaluation of facial appearance among Malaysian population. This was a cross-sectional study with 286 randomly selected from Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) Health Campus students (150 females and 136 males; 100 Malaysian Chinese, 100 Malaysian Malay and 86 Malaysian Indian), with the mean age of 21.54 ± 1.56 (Age range, 18-25). Facial indices obtained from direct facial measurements were used for the classification of facial shape into short, ideal and long. A validated structured questionnaire was used to assess subjects' evaluation of their own facial appearance. The mean facial indices of Malaysian Indian (MI), Malaysian Chinese (MC) and Malaysian Malay (MM) were 1.59 ± 0.19, 1.57 ± 0.25 and 1.54 ± 0.23 respectively. Only MC showed significant sexual dimorphism in facial index (P = 0.047; P<0.05) but no significant difference was found between races. Out of the 286 subjects, 49 (17.1%) were of ideal facial shape, 156 (54.5%) short and 81 (28.3%) long. The facial evaluation questionnaire showed that MC had the lowest satisfaction with mean score of 2.18 ± 0.97 for overall impression and 2.15 ± 1.04 for facial parts, compared to MM and MI, with mean score of 1.80 ± 0.97 and 1.64 ± 0.74 respectively for overall impression; 1.75 ± 0.95 and 1.70 ± 0.83 respectively for facial parts.

Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
Community Palliative Care Nurses' Challenges and Coping Strategies on Delivering Home-Based Pediatric Palliative Care

Chong L, Abdullah A

Am J Hosp Palliat Care, 2017 Mar;34(2):125-131.
PMID: 26424764 DOI: 10.1177/1049909115607296

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to explore the experience of community palliative care nurses providing home care to children.
METHOD: A qualitative study was conducted at the 3 community palliative care provider organizations in greater Kuala Lumpur from August to October 2014. Data were collected with semistructured interviews with 16 nurses who have provided care to children and was analyzed using thematic analysis. Two categories were identified: (1) challenges nurses faced and (2) coping strategies. The themes identified from the categories are (1) communication challenges, (2) inadequate training and knowledge, (3) personal suffering, (4) challenges of the system, (5) intrapersonal coping skills, (6) interpersonal coping strategies, and (7) systemic supports.
CONCLUSIONS: These results reinforces the need for integration of pediatric palliative care teaching and communication skills training into all undergraduate health care programs. Provider organizational support to meet the specific needs of the nurses in the community can help retain them in their role. It will also be important to develop standards for current and new palliative care services to ensure delivery of quality pediatric palliative care.

Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
Connecting learners: The role of biotechnology programme in preparing students for the industry

Mohd Saruan N, Sagran A, Fadzil KS, Razali Z, Ow Phui San R, Somasundram C

Biochem Mol Biol Educ, 2015 Nov-Dec;43(6):460-7.
PMID: 26525315 DOI: 10.1002/bmb.20892

The recent growth of biotechnology requires a wide range of expertise within the industry. Education is the primary platform for students to gain information and knowledge on biotechnology. In Malaysia where biotechnology is relatively new, education programs and courses must be tailored to meet the demands of the industry. A combination of theoretical knowledge as well as practical and industrial training is essential to ensure graduates are prepared for their career in the fields of biotechnology. Results from this study show that university students lack literacy on biotechnology information and access to facilities provided by the universities. This may be a significant contributing factor to the lack of knowledge and information amongst graduates. Furthermore comparative analysis on the biotechnology program in Malaysian universities with that of other countries show the need to restructure the program by offering more specialized courses as well as soft skills and business subjects. This is to meet the demands of the related professionals as well as the various branches that exist in the biotechnology industry.

Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
Fulltext "'Doc' do I need an anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction? What happens if I do not reconstruct the cruciate ligament?"

Dhillon KS

Malays Orthop J, 2014 Nov;8(3):42-7.
PMID: 26401236 DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.1411.010

We are all aware that there has been a dramatic increase in the number of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstructions that are carried out here in Malaysia as well as around the world. The numbers of ACL injuries have undoubtedly increased over the years with greater participation of young adults in sporting activities. However it is not certain whether the increase in the numbers of reconstructions can be accounted for by the increasing numbers of ACL injuries. Without doubt commercial interests as well the influence of the biomedical companies have a role to play. In the past the rationale for surgical treatment of an ACL tear was that the ACL is vital for knee function and that in the long term ACL deficiency will lead to more injuries of the meniscus and more degeneration of the joint. This belief was prevalent because the natural history of an ACL deficient knee and the ultimate outcome of reconstruction of the ACL were both not known. However in recent years a substantial amount of research has been published, which has elucidated the natural history of ACL deficient knees as well as the long term outcome of reconstruction of the ACL.

Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
Fulltext Warping of the levator hiatus: how significant is it?

Dietz HP, Severino M, Kamisan Atan I, Shek KL, Guzman Rojas R

Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol, 2016 Aug;48(2):239-42.
PMID: 26289617 DOI: 10.1002/uog.15728

OBJECTIVES: The levator hiatus is the largest potential hernial portal in the human body. Excessive distensibility is associated with female pelvic organ prolapse (POP). Distension occurs not just laterally but also caudally, resulting in perineal descent and hiatal deformation or 'warping'. The aim of this study was to quantify the warping effect in symptomatic women, to validate the depth of the rendered volume used for the 'simplified method' of measuring hiatal dimensions and to determine predictors for the degree of warping.
METHODS: This was a retrospective study utilizing records of patients referred to a tertiary urogynecological service between November 2012 and March 2013. Patients underwent a standardized interview, clinical assessment using the POP quantification system of the International Continence Society and four-dimensional translabial ultrasound. The craniocaudal difference in the location of minimal distances in mid-sagittal and coronal planes was determined by offline analysis of ultrasound volumes, and provided a numerical measure of warping. We tested potential predictors, such as demographic factors, signs and symptoms of prolapse, levator avulsion and levator distensibility, for an association with warping.
RESULTS: Full datasets were available for 190 women. The mean craniocaudal difference in location of minimal distances in mid-sagittal and coronal planes was -1.26 mm (range, -6.7 to 4.6 mm; P

Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
Fulltext Invasion characteristics of a Plasmodium knowlesi line newly isolated from a human

Amir A, Russell B, Liew JW, Moon RW, Fong MY, Vythilingam I, et al.

Sci Rep, 2016 Apr 21;6:24623.
PMID: 27097521 DOI: 10.1038/srep24623

Plasmodium knowlesi is extensively used as an important malaria model and is now recognized as an important cause of human malaria in Malaysia. The strains of P. knowlesi currently used for research were isolated many decades ago, raising concerns that they might no longer be representative of contemporary parasite populations. We derived a new P. knowlesi line (University Malaya line, UM01), from a patient admitted in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, and compared it with a human-adapted laboratory line (A1-H.1) derived from the P. knowlesi H strain. The UM01 and A1-H.1 lines readily invade human and macaque (Macaca fascicularis) normocytes with a preference for reticulocytes. Whereas invasion of human red blood cells was dependent on the presence of the Duffy antigen/receptor for chemokines (DARC) for both parasite lines, this was not the case for macaque red blood cells. Nonetheless, differences in invasion efficiency, gametocyte production and the length of the asexual cycle were noted between the two lines. It would be judicious to isolate and characterise numerous P. knowlesi lines for use in future experimental investigations of this zoonotic species.

Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
Inhibitory cueing effects following manual and saccadic responses to arrow cues

Ding Y, He T, Satel J, Wang Z

Atten Percept Psychophys, 2016 05;78(4):1020-9.
PMID: 26956560 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-016-1079-6

With two cueing tasks, in the present study we examined output-based inhibitory cueing effects (ICEs) with manual responses to arrow targets following manual or saccadic responses to arrow cues. In all experiments, ICEs were observed when manual localization responses were required to both the cues and targets, but only when the cue-target onset asynchrony (CTOA) was 2,000 ms or longer. In contrast, when saccadic responses were made in response to the cues, ICEs were only observed with CTOAs of 2,000 ms or less-and only when an auditory cue-back signal was used. The present study also showed that the magnitude of ICEs following saccadic responses to arrow cues decreased with time, much like traditional inhibition-of-return effects. The magnitude of ICEs following manual responses to arrow cues, however, appeared later in time and had no sign of decreasing even 3 s after cue onset. These findings suggest that ICEs linked to skeletomotor activation do exist and that the ICEs evoked by oculomotor activation can carry over to the skeletomotor system.

Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult

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