PURPOSE: The present study seeks to determine if TLP would prevent HFD-induced NAFLD in vivo and its underlying mechanisms from the perspectives of gut microbiota, metabolites, and hepatic inflammation.
METHODS: TLP was subjected to extraction and chemo-profiling, and in vivo evaluation in HFD-fed rats on hepatic lipid and inflammation, intestinal microbiota, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and permeability, and body weight and fat content profiles.
RESULTS: The TLP was primarily constituted of gallic acid, corilagin and chebulagic acid. Orally administered HFD-fed rats with TLP were characterized by the growth of Ligilactobacillus and Akkermansia, and SCFAs (acetic/propionic/butyric acid) secretion which led to increased claudin-1 and zonula occludens-1 expression that reduced the mucosal permeability to migration of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) into blood and liver. Coupling with hepatic cholesterol and triglyceride lowering actions, the TLP mitigated both inflammatory (ALT, AST, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α) and pro-inflammatory (TLR4, MYD88 and NF-κB P65) activities of liver, and sequel to histopathological development of NAFLD in a dose-dependent fashion.
CONCLUSION: TLP is promisingly an effective therapy to prevent NAFLD through modulating gut microbiota, mucosal permeability and SCFAs secretion with liver fat and inflammatory responses.
METHODS: A comprehensive search was conducted in the Web of Science (WOS) electronic database to identify the top 100 most-cited articles on AI in orthodontics and orthognathic surgery. Publication and citation data were obtained and further analyzed and visualized using R Biblioshiny. The key domains of the 100 articles were also identified.
RESULTS: The top 100 most-cited articles were published between 2005 and 2022, contributed by 458 authors, with an average citation count of 22.09. South Korea emerged as the leading contributor with the highest number of publications (28) and citations (595), followed by China (16, 373), and the United States (7, 248). Notably, six South Korean authors ranked among the top 10 contributors, and three South Korean institutions were listed as the most productive. International collaborations were predominantly observed between the United States, China, and South Korea. The main domains of the articles focused on automated imaging assessment (42%), aiding diagnosis and treatment planning (34%), and the assessment of growth and development (10%). Besides, a positive correlation was observed between the testing sample size and citation counts (P = 0.010), as well as between the time of publication and citation counts (P
METHODS: This cross-sectional study was performed from September to November 2022. Self-reported questionnaires including the Big Five Personality Questionnaire, General Self-Efficacy Scale, College Student's academic burnout Scale, Generalized Anxiety Scale and demographic characteristics were distributed to 2505 college students in a university in Hebei Province, of which 2,471 were valid. Statistical analysis was carried out through SPSS26.0 and SPSS PROCESS macro.
RESULTS: Results showed four of the big five personality characters (i.e., extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness) were negatively correlated with anxiety. Neuroticism was positively correlated with anxiety. Moreover, general self-efficacy was found to be negatively correlated with academic burnout and anxiety; academic burnout was positively correlated with anxiety. Finally, general self-efficacy and academic burnout mediated the relationship between personality traits (i.e., extraversion, agreeableness, neuroticism, openness) and anxiety.
CONCLUSIONS: Personality traits (i.e., extraversion, agreeableness, neuroticism, and openness) could influence anxiety through the chain mediating effects of general self-efficacy and academic burnout. Interventions focusing on anxiety reduction may be successful in increasing general self-efficacy and decreasing students' academic burnout.
METHOD: Potential miRNAs associated with NAFLD in HCC tumorigenesis were identified through a systematic review, and their roles were evaluated by data mining analysis. The biological function of the potential miRNA and its target genes in NAFLD and HCC were evaluated by bioinformatic analysis.
RESULT: MIR122 was identified as the potential miRNA associated with NAFLD and HCC. Then, MIR122 expression was significantly lower in HCC patients, and higher MIR122 levels were associated with significantly better overall survival. Next, the biological functions of MIR122 and target genes were predicted to be involved in inflammation, fibrosis, cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and apoptosis. In particular, the FOXO signaling pathway may regulate the above biological functions.
CONCLUSION: MIR122 was suggested to be involved in progressing from NAFLD to HCC through the PI3K/AKT/FOXO pathway.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO, identifier: CRD 42024517940.
METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using prospectively collected follow-up data from a stroke registry, including consecutive patients hospitalized with acute ischemic stroke. Medication use was assessed at discharge, 90 days, and 180 days after discharge. Class-complete discontinuation-that is, discontinuation of at least one of the secondary prevention medication classes prescribed at discharge, including antiplatelet agents, anticoagulants, lipid-lowering medications, antihypertensive medications, and glucose-lowering medications-was the primary outcome. Any-use adherence, defined as continued use of at least one secondary prevention medication class, was used for comparison. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with 180-day class-complete nonadherence, with subgroup analyses among patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus.
RESULTS: A total of 2549 patients with ischemic stroke were included. At 180 days, 1408 patients (55.2%) had discontinued at least one prescribed secondary prevention medication class, whereas only 738 (29.0%) had discontinued all prescribed classes; 1141 (44.8%) continued every class prescribed at discharge. Class-complete adherence declined from 59.4% at 90 days to 44.8% at 180 days, whereas any-use adherence was 85.9% and 71.0%, respectively. Each additional discharge medication class was associated with higher odds of 180-day class-complete nonadherence in a prespecified multivariable model (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.50; 95% CI, 1.27-1.79). Cardioembolism (OR, 2.11; 95% CI, 1.37-3.26), dyslipidemia (OR, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.09-2.07), and large-artery atherosclerosis (OR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.03-1.49) were also associated with nonadherence; hypertension was of borderline significance (OR, 1.23; 95% CI, 0.99-1.54; P = 0.067). In subgroup analyses, the association with number of discharge medication classes was similar across the hypertension and diabetes mellitus subgroups, with no evidence of effect modification (P for interaction = 0.32 and 0.67), whereas the association with large-artery atherosclerosis was stronger among patients with hypertension (OR, 1.37; 95% CI, 1.08-1.73) or diabetes mellitus (OR, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.10-1.87) than among those without (P for interaction = 0.036 and 0.009, respectively).
CONCLUSION: Class-complete medication nonadherence was common within 180 days after ischemic stroke discharge and often reflected partial discontinuation rather than complete cessation of secondary prevention therapy. Medication-class-specific follow-up may help identify incomplete regimen continuation and guide targeted support for patients with greater treatment complexity, atherosclerotic stroke mechanisms, or chronic vascular comorbidities.