This study intended to identify the best learning strategies of writing by focusing in vocabulary
acquisition among the primary school pupils in Malaysia. Axiomatically, local education used the
Process Writing Approach in producing writing composition. Unfortunately, the researchers thought
that it is not sufficient to fulfill the component of good writing. By using the theory of scaffolding
pioneered by Vygotsky, the researchers agreed to include vocabulary learning to scaffold the existing
Process Writing Approach followed by application or practices. During application, the researcher as
the teacher will provide a module where the experimental group will do writing exercises by using the
new learned vocabularies. The researchers will use mixed method research where questionnaires of
vocabulary and writing strategies are distributed where the results are the determinants of VAW
module development.
Kajian ini dilaksanakan adalah untuk mengenal pasti pengurusan panitia, kualiti pengajaran dan komitmen guru terhadap pencapaian Bahasa Melayu di Negeri Sabah. Pengurusan panitia dilihat dalam aspek prinsip pengurusan panitia, sifat kendiri dan kemahiran pengurusan. Manakala kualiti pengajaran pula dilihat dari sudut dimensi persediaan pengajaran, penyampaian pengajaran dan aspek tingkah laku. Seterusnya pemboleh ubah komitmen kerja dilihat dari aspek kesediaan untuk kekal dalam organisasi dan kesediaan untuk memenuhi matlamat organisasi. Dalam kajian ini, penyelidik telah menggunakan Teori Pengurusan Saintifik Taylor, Teori Vroom dan Teori Side Bet. Pengkaji telah menggumpul sebanyak 335 soal selidik yang telah dijawab dalam kalangan responden guru yang mengajar Bahasa Melayu dan mewakili seluruh sekolah menengah bantuan penuh kerajaan di Negeri Sabah dengan mengunakan persampelan berkelompok, persampelan kluster dan persampelan rawak mudah. Manakala data pula dianalisis menggunakan program SPSS for Windows Versi 25.0 Ujian regrasi berganda menunjukkan bahawa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara pengurusan panitia dan pencapaian Bahasa Melayu R2 =.485 dan pengaruh Kualiti pengajaran terhadap pencapaian Bahasa Melayu R2 =.646. Manakala pengaruh komitmen kerja terhadap pencapaian Bahasa Melayu menunjukkan nilai pengaruh R2 =.586. Seterusnya dalam analisis regrasi hierarki didapati bahawa konstruk tingkah laku pengajaran guru di bilik darjah memberi sumbangan yang paling besar iaitu sebanyak 41.0% terhadap pencapaian Bahasa Melayu. Pengkaji turut mencadangkan agar pihak berwajib bersama-sama mengembleng tenaga untuk memastikan pencapaian pelajar dalam mata pelajaran Bahasa Melayu sentiasa cemerlang sejajar dengan taraf Bahasa Melayu sebagai Bahasa Kebangsaan.
Negotiation is a crucial tool for resolving a dispute. The outcome of every negotiation relies heavily on
the negotiation strategies of the parties involved, the exchange of information and their characters
during the negotiation process. Considering distributive approach, the negotiators are more interested
in the maximization of personal achievements as they are not concern in collective or joint success with
their partners. One of the key requirements for the integrative strategy is cooperation between the
negotiators while distributive strategy is purely for a competitive approach. These two types of
strategies distributive and integrative are in relation to the behavior and attitudes negotiators normally
display in a negotiation table: cooperative and competitive. The reason why negotiators commonly
used cooperative and competitive strategies are mentioned in this paper, distributive and integrative
strategies are also summarized. Follow by possible solution of overcoming the negotiation challenges
is discussed.
The main purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between self-concept, family
relationship quality and externalizing behavior problem (aggressive behavior and delinquency
behavior) among adolescents in Selangor. Besides that, this study also to determine the level of selfconcept,
family relationship quality and externalizing behavior among secondary school students as
well as to compare the differences between these three variables according to sex. A total of 400
students (nmale =53%, nfemale=47%) from secondary schools were selected in this study. The multi-stage
cluster sampling technique was used during sample selection. Data were obtained from selfadministered
questionnaire that are consist of Individual Protective Factors Index Questionnaire
(1992), Family Relationship Characteristics (1997), Aggression Scale (2001) and Problem Behavior
Frequency Scale (1977). The findings revealed that majority of students have moderate level of selfconcept,
family relationship quality as well as externalizing behavior. In terms of sex differences, the
results showed that family belief, family structure and externalizing behavior have significant
differences according to sex (t= -4.393 to 7.588, p
This social psychology study sought to understand how the inability of former drug addicts controlling
interpersonal conflict that occurs in the community resulted in relapse or back to their addiction. A
qualitative phenomenological approach was taken to conduct interviews with former drug addicts that
are participating in a rehab program in Cure and Care Service Centre, Kuala Pilah, Negeri Sembilan,
Malaysia. Eight informants were consented and interviewed. Purposive sampling was used and
responses were analyzed thematically. These themes included the issue of labeling drug addicts as
convicts, isolation from the community and restricted from participating in community-based
programs. Researcher suggests related agencies to work with rehabilitation officers in restructuring the
rehabilitation learning module and improve the interpersonal conflict management module. Therefore,
it is hoped that in the future, former drug addicts would be capable to manage interpersonal conflict
and simultaneously avoid from recidivism in addiction.
Present research investigated the impact of executive dysfunction on academic performance among
students in their middle childhood. It was hypothesized that school teacher’s rating of executive
dysfunction in students can significantly predict their performance in Mathematics and Science
subjects. The study used primary data which was collected from public schools of Lahore. An
indigenized executive dysfunction inventory was constructed for this purpose and psychometric
properties were established. It was postulated that student’s performance in Science and Math will vary
based on their executive dysfunction and the results attested to this hypothesis. Demographic properties
were also evaluated through age, number of siblings, gender, family system, and mother profession.
Statistical findings revealed that higher level of executive dysfunction is associated with lower level of
science and math performance.
Bencana tsunami ini sememangnya memberikan kesan terhadap kesejahteraan ekonomi dan sosial negara. Di antara negara-negara Asia Tenggara, Indonesia dikenal pasti sebagai salah sebuah negara yang sering menghadapi bencana tsunami. Malaysia yang kedudukannya berhampiran dengan Indonesia turut menerima kesan daripada bencana tsunami yang terjadi di negara berkenaan. Kejadian bencana tsunami yang sememangnya serius ini telah mendapat pelaporan yang meluas oleh media tempatan dan antarabangsa. Bencana tsunami yang lazimnya berlaku secara tiba-tiba dan sukar untuk dijangka ini telah menyebabkan pelaporannya berbeza dengan isu-isu lain seperti jenayah, hiburan dan sebagainya. Malah, kajian-kajian lalu turut mendapati bahawa media menghadapi pelbagai cabaran dalam melaporkan berita bencana seperti tsunami yang jelas memerlukan persediaan yang rapi bagi menghasilkan penulisan yang berkualiti dan beretika. Sungguhpun kejadian tsunami adalah serius, kajian-kajian lalu terhadap pelaporan media khususnya dalam aspek cabaran wartawan dalam melaporkan isu ini adalah amat terhad. Justeru, kajian ini dijalankan dengan matlamat untuk memenuhi kelompongan kajian lepas dan seterusnya menyumbang kepada korpus penyelidikan bidang Komunikasi Bencana di Malaysia dan Indonesia. Penyelidikan ini memberikan tumpuan terhadap cabaran-cabaran yang dihadapi oleh para wartawan kedua-dua negara dalam melaporkan berita tsunami. Temu bual secara mendalam telah dilakukan bersama lapan orang wartawan dari The Star Online, Malaysia dan The Jakarta Post, Indonesia. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa bilangan wartawan pakar isu terhad, pengetahuan terhad wartawan tentang bencana tsunami, kurang persediaan oleh bilik berita, pemotretan visual ketika bencana dan penentuan landskap berita oleh editor adalah cabaran-cabaran utama yang dihadapi oleh wartawan-wartawan di Malaysia dan Indonesia dalam melaporkan isu tsunami.
Malaysia has previously experienced various incidents and issues involving race and religion and it has caused problems in terms of relations between races and religions. Issues involving religion and race often involve Islam, which is also the official religion of Malaysia. Islam is often a sensitive subject because it is often used as a tool to maintain the hegemony and status quo by the government in the context of Malaysia. In 2013, a non-governmental organization known as " COMANGO" submitted several demands involving human rights in Malaysia to the United Nations (UN) at the Universal Periodic Assessment (UPR). COMANGO was said to have made several demands that challenged the position of Islam and Malays in Malaysia and also promoting free sex. This issue has received widespread coverage in the Malaysian press; especially the mainstream press and it is seen as an issue that can benefit the government to strengthen their power by playing this issue to the general public. Therefore, this article aims to examine the messages delivered by the mainstream press on this issue, specifically Utusan Malaysia and The Star. The findings of the study show that the two newspapers provide almost the same coverage with little differences. Utusan Malaysia is seen as strongly opposing to COMANGO demands and elevates the UMNO party as a party that really fight for Islam while The Star, although seen as giving COMANGO more opportunities to express their stance, is seen to be cautious in their reporting on the issue
Pembelajaran Sejarah dengan sumber dokumen teks di sekolah menengah atas telah dikaji. Tiga sumber dokumen teks dengan tajuk, “Perjuangan Mat Salleh menentang pendudukan British di Sabah”, dianalisis menggunakan Model Pemikiran Sejarah. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan reka bentuk kajian kes kolektif. Empat belas pelajar dari 2 buah sekolah menengah kebangsaan harian di Sabah menjadi sampel kajian. Kaedah pengumpulan data kualitatif adalah melalui kaedah pemerhatian, temu bual kumpulan berfokus dan analisis dokumen. Didapati semua pelajar dapat membina Kemahiran Pemikiran Sejarah (KPS) dengan elemen meneroka bukti. Analisis data menunjukkan pelajar-pelajar membina elemen meneroka bukti dengan; mengemukakan pelbagai pendapat tentang penulis dokumen teks berdasarkan bukti, meneroka kebenaran bukti sejarah seperti sejarawan, mengenalpasti lokasi dan tempat perjuangan pemimpin tempatan, serta mempelajari peristiwa sejarah tempatan dengan pengesahan bukti sejarah.
High-performance leaders are clearly stated as a wish in the 5 PPPM Shift 2013 -2025 which ensures
high-performance leadership is placed in each school that refers to the principal and headmaster of
excellence. High-performing leaders are recognized to drive the achievement of students towards
excellence due to their ability to ensure the civilization and positive school environment, clear
direction, close collaboration, high commitment, staff improvement program and good external
relation. Recognizing the importance of high-performing leaders in creating more Cluster School of
Excellence (SKK), the criteria, leadership training and leader development process are highlighted as
well as describing the study gap based on the development of high-performing leadership. The criteria
of high-performing leaders include leaders’ practices, preliminary factors, and leaders’ future direction.
Next, leadership training such as NPQEL is closely linked to the Continum Leadership Development.
Leadership development is based on leadership phase before starting career, while being a teacher, before becoming headmaster, while being headmaster, while being SKK headmaster, and future phase.
Discussions on these aspects have led to the findings of the study’s gap on matters in the development
phases of SKK’s headmaster as well as in the conceptual framework that have a profound impact on
high-performance leaders.
Work-life balance is a prerequisite, in the choice of contemporary work styles, but allegedly has deteriorated in the teaching profession. Affected work-life quality causes serious impacts including work-life conflict, decreased job ability and affects an individual’s psychological state. This distress wave affects on a global scale, due to extreme workloads which cause high job stress that eventually affect quality of life. In the Malaysian context, job stress is currently at a medium level, but workloads are expected to increase, hence, work-life balance is potentially at risk. Investigations into work-life balance among teachers in Sabah is scarce. In addition, studies have not adequately examined the issue with positive integration. Balancing is about strengthening the known gains, and overcoming the identified strains. Thus, present conceptual paper discussed about the relationship of workload, eustress and distress towards work-life balance. Ultimately, a conceptual framework is developed based on the reviewed literature.
Kepimpinan pengetua diterokai berdasarkan atribut semula jadi yang memfokuskan ketegasan kepimpinan pengetua dalam lapan bidang amalan pengurusan di sekolah. Kerangka teoritikal adalah bersandarkan Teori The Great Man dan model pengetua berkesan diaplikasikan dalam menjalankan kajian secara kualitatif iaitu melalui kajian kes tunggal. Data kualitatif ini diperolehi dengan menemubual pengetua, barisan pentadbir, guru kanan mata pelajaran, dan guru-guru. Data kualitatif dianalisa secara manual. Dapatan menunjukkan atribut semula jadi pengetua berdasarkan aspek ketegasan adalah mencerminkan kewibawaan sikap pengetua dalam amalan pengurusannya di sekolah. Aspek ini diteliti berdasarkan tema demografi pengetua dan pandangan guru-guru. Temu bual mendalam ini menjelaskan amalan pengurusan kepimpinan pengetua dalam lapan bidang utama di sekolah didapati menyokong dapatan sebagaimana dalam teori dibangunkan serta model pengetua berkesan. Bagaimanapun, dalam menghadapi cabaran impak globalisasi, pengetua juga memerlukan sokongan daripada pelbagai pihak sama ada warga sekolah mahupun pihak luar dalam mengurus sekolah dengan lebih berkesan.
The Textile Industry of Pakistan is considered as life line of country’s economy. It accounts around
55% share of total economy. Major exports from textiles are yarns, raw and finished fabrics and also
limited quantity of value added textile items. However from last one decade textile industry is facing
lot of problems in terms of getting and maintaining export orders. Most of customers globally now
giving preferences to other regional competitors. Due to this Pakistani Textile Industry losing its
competitiveness day by day which resulted loss in millions of US Dollars per years. The raw woven
fabric manufacturing sector that lies almost in middle of supply line having sharing of 8% in world
exports. The performance of this value added product responsible also overall performance of sector.
The literature review on internal factors specifically related to this sector still in gap which author tries
to cover up. The literature review delineated accordingly with respect to internal factors such as
product types, innovations, energy cost, inventory and green textile concepts which gives effect on
export performance of weaving industry.
The practice of development planning does not empower the local authority to prepare a development
plan, as planning and development control is under the jurisdiction of the State Planning Authority
(SPA). Rapid growth in the housing sector shows a positive indicator towards urbanization in Sarawak.
This study showed that the current centralised process is fair to all parties, for it ensures equilibrium in
all areas. Beside that, the study also found that there is some confusion in the roles played by the
involved parties. The study also identified few problems that often occur, among them complicated
procedures, slow approval process, bureaucracy, and risks in planning and marketing. However, the
practice of development planning is concerned with aspects quality and quantity so as not to burden the
purchaser. The state government, through the SPA, controls the price of housing to ensure equilibrium
and to avoid the occurrence of abandoned housing projects.
Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kekuatan pengaruh kepimpinan pengajaran guru besar, kompetensi profesionalisme guru dan kompetensi peribadi guru terhadap efikasi pengajaran guru bagi guru-guru sekolah rendah di zon Pedalaman, Sabah. Kajian ini melibatkan 361 responden yang terdiri daripada guru-guru sekolah rendah di zon Pedalaman, Sabah. Pemboleh ubah kajian telah diuji dengan menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan inferensi yang melibatkan skor min, sisihan piawai dan regresi berganda. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam kajian adalah soal selidik yang diadaptasi daripada Principal Instructional Management Rating Scale (PIMRS), Standard Guru Malaysia (SGM) dan Teacher Efficacy Scale (TES) bagi mengumpul data daripada 361 responden yang telah melengkapkan borang soal selidik, daripada 54 buah sekolah rendah yang melibatkan tujuh daerah di zon Pedalaman, Sabah. Persampelan secara rawak digunakan dalam pemilihan responden dalam kalangan guru manakala persampelan bertujuan digunakan bagi menentukan bilangan sekolah yang mewakili setiap daerah seperti yang telah ditetapkan. Statistik deskriptif dan inferensi telah digunakan bagi menghuraikan dapatan kajian. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa tahap kepimpinan pengajaran guru besar (Min = 4.52; SP = 0.313) pada tahap sangat tinggi, kompetensi profesionalisme guru (Min = 4.41; SP = 0.295) juga pada tahap sangat tinggi dan kompetensi peribadi guru (Min = 4.47; SP = 0.366) juga berada pada tahap sangat tinggi manakala efikasi pengajaran guru (Min = 3.96; SP = 0.358) berada pada tahap tinggi. Data inferensi dianalisis menggunakan regresi berganda. Analisis regrasi menunjukkan pengaruh kepimpinan pengajaran guru besar menyumbang 65 peratus, kompetensi profesionalisme guru menyumbang 65.9 peratus dan kompetensi peribadi guru menyumbang 66.5 peratus terhadap efikasi pengajaran guru dan merupakan peramal yang signifikan kepada tahap efikasi pengajaran guru.
This concept paper discusses instructional leadership of administrator, school effectiveness and
organizational culture in inner rural of Sarawak. Instructional leadership is the most reliable in
education field. Leadership could directly impact the performance of the organization. In the context
of this study, the organization is a Government-owned school. Thus the effectiveness of a school are
influenced leadership practiced by administrators and civilization rooted in the school. Instructional
leadership is given a priority in development plan Education 2013-2025 in five shifts to accommodate
high-impact leaders in school. Education also did not miss in National Transformation 2020-2050 that
is access to high quality education. Instructional leadership refers to the practice of administrator in
giving guidance to teachers and students to improve and enhance the performance of the self and the
school as a whole, whether in the areas of curriculum and co-curriculum. This performance will lead to school effectiveness from two major areas of the successfulness of students aspiration. However, there
are other factors that play a role in performance improvements, that is the influence of organization
culture formed under the leadership of the administrator.
This paper describes the influence of workload and motivation towards work efficiency of secondary
school teachers in Sabah. Teacher’s work load refers to the official duties or responsibilities that the
school has given to the teacher to be implemented whether inside or outside of the classroom.
Teachers’ work load can be divided into two that is the academic and non-academic duties. Teacher
motivation is an inducement in the teacher in performing the task assigned to them. Teacher’s
motivation is divided into two, namely intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation. The efficiency of
teacher work performance refers to the way the teacher performing the tasks and responsibilities given
using various methods. Teacher’s workload will be influencing teacher’s motivation. Motivation of
teachers affected by the teacher’s workload will further influencing the teacher’s work efficiency,
Although migrant workers in Malaysia account for a large proportion of the workforce, the Malaysian
government is criticised as facilitators of their abuse. This has placed a significant strain on the
Malaysian government’s relationships with migrant workers’ origin countries. In order to improve
these important political relationships and retain migrant workers, the Malaysian government should
consider immigration policy reforms that will improve the treatment of migrant workers. One key
recommendation includes providing an impartial data source on migrant workers by creating a new
migrant research subdivision in the Department of Statistics. The current Migration Survey Report is
irregular and insufficient and Malaysian media is generally prejudiced against migrant workers.
Another useful recommendation is to provide migrant workers with leaflets (in different languages and
in simple terms) on their labour rights. This should be distributed at the border as well as online to
ensure that migrant workers are entering the country aware of their rights and how to enforce them.
This would help prevent common exploitative practices like passport retention. Foreign domestic
workers should be provided with a separate guidebook as their labour situation is significantly more
vulnerable and different to typical migrant workers. Nevertheless, exploitation often begins prior to
arrival through recruitment agencies via debt bondage and forced labour situations. The Malaysian
government should seek to diversify away from these agencies towards memorandums of
understandings: a cheaper and better regulated alternative to ensure migrant workers’ safety.
Rumah kedai bersejarah di Pantai Barat Sabah telah dibina ketika pentadbiran British North Borneo Company (Chatered) seawal akhir abad ke-19. Disebabkan usia bangunan ini ada yang melebihi 100 tahun menyebabkan timbul banyak isu dan ancaman seperti kemusnahan kerana bencana alam. Manakala pengubahsuaian yang tidak sensitif dan perobohan bangunan bersejarah ini bagi memberi laluan kepada pembangunan terkini merupakan ancaman manusia yang utama. Justeru, kajian ini akan membincangkan usaha dalam pemeliharaan dan perlindungan tinggalan bersejarah ini. Perbincangan turut memberi latar belakang sejarah pembinaan rumah kedai dengan menonjolkan keunikan seni binanya. Kajian ini akan menggunakan pendekatan sejarah dalam pengumpulan data dan analisis kritikal pengurusan warisan. Makalah ini diharap dapat menjelaskan bentuk isu dan pendekatan alternatif dalam memelihara dan melindungi bangunan rumah kedai bersejarah yang masih wujud di beberapa pekan dan bandar di Sabah.
The aim of this paper is to determine tourists’ perceptions on spiritual experience, brand image,
cultural attributes and service quality they experienced in Kota Bharu, the capital and administration
centre of Kelantan, Malaysia. Kota Bharu was declared an Islamic City in 2005. It has many mosques,
various museums, unique architectural old buildings and palaces. As the number of tourist arrivals to
Kelantan is encouraging and contributing to the state income; it is important to examine what these
tourists perceive during their stays in Kota Bharu Islamic City. Variance Based Structural Equation
Modelling technique of Partial Least Square (PLS) was employed. The findings show that all the
variables are significantly influencing tourists’ perception except for service quality. In other words,
tourists’ perceptions of Kota Bharu are positively related to spirituality, brand destination and cultural
attributes. Tourists’ perceptions play a crucial role as this will affect the future tourist arrivals in the
state. Thus, the findings of the study will be useful in helping policy planners to understand how
tourists perceived Kota Bharu and design policies to increase tourism receipts and to preserve tourism
attributes.