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Fulltext De novo assembly, characterization and functional annotation of pineapple fruit transcriptome through massively parallel sequencing

Ong WD, Voo LY, Kumar VS

PLoS One, 2012;7(10):e46937.
PMID: 23091603 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0046937

BACKGROUND: Pineapple (Ananas comosus var. comosus), is an important tropical non-climacteric fruit with high commercial potential. Understanding the mechanism and processes underlying fruit ripening would enable scientists to enhance the improvement of quality traits such as, flavor, texture, appearance and fruit sweetness. Although, the pineapple is an important fruit, there is insufficient transcriptomic or genomic information that is available in public databases. Application of high throughput transcriptome sequencing to profile the pineapple fruit transcripts is therefore needed.
METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: To facilitate this, we have performed transcriptome sequencing of ripe yellow pineapple fruit flesh using Illumina technology. About 4.7 millions Illumina paired-end reads were generated and assembled using the Velvet de novo assembler. The assembly produced 28,728 unique transcripts with a mean length of approximately 200 bp. Sequence similarity search against non-redundant NCBI database identified a total of 16,932 unique transcripts (58.93%) with significant hits. Out of these, 15,507 unique transcripts were assigned to gene ontology terms. Functional annotation against Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway database identified 13,598 unique transcripts (47.33%) which were mapped to 126 pathways. The assembly revealed many transcripts that were previously unknown.
CONCLUSIONS: The unique transcripts derived from this work have rapidly increased of the number of the pineapple fruit mRNA transcripts as it is now available in public databases. This information can be further utilized in gene expression, genomics and other functional genomics studies in pineapple.

Matched MeSH terms: Ananas/genetics*; Ananas/metabolism
Biophenols from agro-industrial wastes

Jamal P, Alam MZ, Suhani F

Med J Malaysia, 2008 Jul;63 Suppl A:107-8.
PMID: 19025008

Large quantities of agro-based liquid wastes are produced every year and their disposal is often a problem for industries. In light of that, in this study prudent effort was done to screen the agro-industrial wastes - pineapple waste (PAW) and palm oil mill effluent (POME) for valuable biophenols product. Three different solvents; ethanol, acetone and distilled water were screened in order to enhance the process. All experiments were performed using fixed process conditions of solid to solvent ratio, temperatures, time and agitation speed. Effectiveness of extraction process to produce biophenol was based on high amount with more activity. POME was selected as potential source with biophenol content of 125.42 mg/L GAE.

Matched MeSH terms: Ananas/physiology; Ananas/chemistry*
Applied K fertilizer use efficiency in pineapples grown on a tropical peat soil under residues removal

Ahmed OH, Ahmad HM, Musa HM, Rahim AA, Rastan SO

ScientificWorldJournal, 2005 Jan 21;5:42-9.
PMID: 15674449

In Malaysia, pineapples are grown on peat soils, but most K fertilizer recommendations do not take into account K loss through leaching. The objective of this study was to determine applied K use efficiency under a conventionally recommended fertilization regime in pineapple cultivation with residues removal. Results showed that K recovery from applied K fertilizer in pineapple cultivation on tropical peat soil was low, estimated at 28%. At a depth of 0-10 cm, there was a sharp decrease of soil total K, exchangeable K, and soil solution K days after planting (DAP) for plots with K fertilizer. This decline continued until the end of the study. Soil total, exchangeable, and solution K at the end of the study were generally lower than prior values before the study. There was no significant accumulation of K at depths of 10-25 and 25-45 cm. However, K concentrations throughout the study period were generally lower or equal to their initial status in the soil indicating leaching of the applied K and partly explained the low K recovery. Potassium losses through leaching in pineapple cultivation on tropical peat soils need to be considered in fertilizer recommendations for efficient recovery of applied K.

Matched MeSH terms: Ananas/growth & development*; Ananas/chemistry
Effects of ultraviolet light (UV-C) and heat treatment on the quality of fresh-cut Chokanan mango and Josephine pineapple

George DS, Razali Z, Santhirasegaram V, Somasundram C

J Food Sci, 2015 Feb;80(2):S426-34.
PMID: 25586772 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.12762

The effects of ultraviolet (UV-C) and medium heat (70 °C) treatments on the quality of fresh-cut Chokanan mango and Josephine pineapple were investigated. Quality attributes included physicochemical properties (pH, titratable acidity, and total soluble solids), ascorbic acid content (vitamin C), antioxidant activity, as well as microbial inactivation. Consumers' acceptance was also investigated through sensory evaluation of the attributes (appearance, texture, aroma and taste). Furthermore, shelf-life study of samples stored at 4 ± 1 °C was conducted for 15 d. The fresh-cut fruits were exposed to UV-C for 0, 15, 30, and 60 min while heat treatments were carried out at 70 °C for 0, 5, 10 and 20 min. Both UV-C and medium heat treatments resulted in no significant changes to the physicochemical attributes of both fruits. The ascorbic acid content of UV-C treated fruits was unaffected; however, medium heat treatment resulted in deterioration of ascorbic acids in both fruits. The antioxidants were enhanced with UV-C treatment which could prove invaluable to consumers. Heat treatments on the other hand resulted in decreased antioxidant activities. Microbial count in both fruits was significantly reduced by both treatments. The shelf life of the fresh-cut fruits were also successfully extended to a maximum of 15 d following treatments. As for consumers' acceptance, UV-C treated fruits were the most accepted as compared to their heat-treated counterparts. The results obtained through this study support the use of UV-C treatment for better retention of quality, effective microbial inactivation and enhancement of health promoting compounds for the benefit of consumers.

Matched MeSH terms: Ananas/radiation effects*; Ananas/chemistry
Discovery of precursor and mature microRNAs and their putative gene targets using high-throughput sequencing in pineapple (Ananas comosus var. comosus)

Yusuf NH, Ong WD, Redwan RM, Latip MA, Kumar SV

Gene, 2015 Oct 15;571(1):71-80.
PMID: 26115767 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.06.050

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small, endogenous non-coding RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression, resulting in the silencing of target mRNA transcripts through mRNA cleavage or translational inhibition. MiRNAs play significant roles in various biological and physiological processes in plants. However, the miRNA-mediated gene regulatory network in pineapple, the model tropical non-climacteric fruit, remains largely unexplored. Here, we report a complete list of pineapple mature miRNAs obtained from high-throughput small RNA sequencing and precursor miRNAs (pre-miRNAs) obtained from ESTs. Two small RNA libraries were constructed from pineapple fruits and leaves, respectively, using Illumina's Solexa technology. Sequence similarity analysis using miRBase revealed 579,179 reads homologous to 153 miRNAs from 41 miRNA families. In addition, a pineapple fruit transcriptome library consisting of approximately 30,000 EST contigs constructed using Solexa sequencing was used for the discovery of pre-miRNAs. In all, four pre-miRNAs were identified (MIR156, MIR399, MIR444 and MIR2673). Furthermore, the same pineapple transcriptome was used to dissect the function of the miRNAs in pineapple by predicting their putative targets in conjunction with their regulatory networks. In total, 23 metabolic pathways were found to be regulated by miRNAs in pineapple. The use of high-throughput sequencing in pineapples to unveil the presence of miRNAs and their regulatory pathways provides insight into the repertoire of miRNA regulation used exclusively in this non-climacteric model plant.

Matched MeSH terms: Ananas/genetics*; Ananas/metabolism
Fulltext Single cultures of acinetobacter sp. and cellulosimicrobium sp. grown in pineapple waste: adaption study and potential in reducing cod from real textile wastewater

Nor Habibah Mohd Rosli, Wan Azlina Ahmad

Science Letters, 2018;12(1):30-43.
MyJurnal

Wastewater from industrial plants such as textile, electroplating and petroleum refineries contains various substances that tend to increase the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the wastewater. Therefore, it is desired to develop a process suitable for treating the wastewater to meet the regulatory limits. This work was conducted to investigate the potential of adapted single culture of A. baumannii, A.calcoaceticus and C.cellulans in reducing COD in real textile wastewater. The study was carried out by adapting each single culture (10% inoculums) to increasing concentration (1%, 2.5 %, 5%, 7.5 % and 10%) of textile wastewater. Then it was introduced to the textile effluent without pH adjustment for five days and the COD values were measured. The textile wastewater was supplemented with pineapple waste for bacterial growth and metabolism. Results obtained showed that pineapple waste was a good nutrient supply for the growth of the bacteria and the best concentration of textile wastewater for adaptation was at 2.5%. The results also showed that A.calcoaceticus shows highest COD reduction with 67% removal whereas A. baumannii and C.cellulans with 60% and 58% removal respectively. The outcome supported that the single culture used in this study showed considerably high reduction of COD from real textile wastewater.

Matched MeSH terms: Ananas
Potential role of bromelain in clinical and therapeutic applications

Rathnavelu V, Alitheen NB, Sohila S, Kanagesan S, Ramesh R

Biomed Rep, 2016 Sep;5(3):283-288.
PMID: 27602208

Pineapple has been used as part of traditional folk medicine since ancient times and it continues to be present in various herbal preparations. Bromelain is a complex mixture of protease extracted from the fruit or stem of the pineapple plant. Although the complete molecular mechanism of action of bromelain has not been completely identified, bromelain gained universal acceptability as a phytotherapeutic agent due to its history of safe use and lack of side effects. Bromelain is widely administered for its well-recognized properties, such as its anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic and fibrinolytic affects, anticancer activity and immunomodulatory effects, in addition to being a wound healing and circulatory improvement agent. The current review describes the promising clinical applications and therapeutic properties of bromelain.

Matched MeSH terms: Ananas
Fulltext Effect of Superheated Steam Treatment on the Mechanical Properties and Dimensional Stability of PALF/PLA Biocomposite

Challabi AJH, Chieng BW, Ibrahim NA, Ariffin H, Zainuddin N

Polymers (Basel), 2019 Mar 13;11(3).
PMID: 30960466 DOI: 10.3390/polym11030482

The effectiveness of superheated steam (SHS) as an alternative, eco-friendly treatment method to modify the surface of pineapple leaf fiber (PALF) for biocomposite applications was investigated. The aim of this treatment was to improve the interfacial adhesion between the fiber and the polymer. The treatment was carried out in an SHS oven for different temperatures (190⁻230 °C) and times (30⁻120 min). Biocomposites fabricated from SHS-treated PALFs and polylactic acid (PLA) at a weight ratio of 30:70 were prepared via melt-blending techniques. The mechanical properties, dimensional stability, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) for the biocomposites were evaluated. Results showed that treatment at temperature of 220 °C for 60 min gave the optimum tensile properties compared to other treatment temperatures. The tensile, flexural, and impact properties as well as the dimensional stability of the biocomposites were enhanced by the presence of SHS-treated PALF. The SEM analysis showed improvement in the interfacial adhesion between PLA and SHS-treated PALF. XRD analysis showed an increase in the crystallinity with the addition of SHS-PALF. The results suggest that SHS can be used as an environmentally friendly treatment method for the modification of PALF in biocomposite production.

Matched MeSH terms: Ananas
Fulltext Bioconversion of ferulic acid attained from pineapple peels and pineapple crown leaves into vanillic acid and vanillin by Aspergillus niger I-1472

Tang PL, Hassan O

BMC Chem, 2020 Dec;14(1):7.
PMID: 32043090 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-020-0663-y

This study was conducted to evaluate the potential of pineapple peel (PP) and pineapple crown leaves (PCL) as the substrate for vanillic acid and vanillin production. About 202 ± 18 mg L-1 and 120 ± 11 mg L-1 of ferulic acid was produced from the PP and PCL respectively. By applied response surface methodology, the ferulic acid yield was increased to 1055 ± 160 mg L-1 by treating 19.3% of PP for 76 min, and 328 ± 23 mg L-1 by treating 9.9% of PCL for 36 min in aqueous sodium hydroxide solution at 120 °C. The results revealed that PP extract was better than PCL extract for vanillic acid and vanillin production. Furthermore, the experiment also proved that large volume feeding was more efficient than small volume feeding for high vanillic acid and vanillin yield. Through large volume feeding, about 7 ± 2 mg L-1 of vanillic acid and 5 ± 1 mg L-1 of vanillin was successfully produced from PP extract via Aspergillus niger fermentation.

Matched MeSH terms: Ananas
Fulltext The Effect of Stacking Sequence and Ply Orientation on the Mechanical Properties of Pineapple Leaf Fibre (PALF)/Carbon Hybrid Laminate Composites

Hashim MKR, Abdul Majid MS, Jamir MRM, Kasim FH, Sultan MTH

Polymers (Basel), 2021 Jan 31;13(3).
PMID: 33572609 DOI: 10.3390/polym13030455

In this paper, the effects of stacking sequence and ply orientation on the mechanical properties of pineapple leaf fibre (PALF)/carbon hybrid laminate composites were investigated. The hybrid laminates were fabricated using a vacuum infusion technique in which the stacking sequences and ply orientations were varied, which were divided into the categories of cross-ply symmetric, angle-ply symmetric, and symmetric quasi-isotropic. The results of tensile and flexural tests showed that the laminate with interior carbon plies and ply orientation [0°, 90°] exhibited the highest tensile strength (187.67 MPa) and modulus (5.23 GPa). However, the highest flexural strength (289.46 MPa) and modulus (4.82 GPa) were recorded for the laminate with exterior carbon plies and the same ply orientation. The fracture behaviour of the laminates was determined by using scanning electron microscopy, and the results showed that failure usually initiated at the weakest PALF layer. The failure modes included fibre pull-out, fibre breaking, matrix crack, debonding, and delamination.

Matched MeSH terms: Ananas
Fulltext Effect of planting media on growth of pineapple CV. Madu seedlings by stem cutting technique

Mohd Miqdam Jubidin, Mohammed Selamat Madom, Nur Aainaa Hasbullah

Borneo Akademika, 2020;4(4):9-14.
MyJurnal

Generally, pineapple sucker is used as the main planting material for commercial cultivation
of pineapple. Pineapple sucker is usually obtained either from the stalk or the stem of a
pineapple plant. Research to study the effect of planting media using mineral soil as the main
component for the mixture on the growth of sucker by stem cutting technique was conducted. The objective of this research is to study the effects of mineral soil-based mixed planting
media on the growth of pineapple suckers produced cultivated via stem cutting of Madu
pineapple. The research was conducted at the Pineapple Nursery of the Faculty of Sustainable
Agriculture, UMS Sandakan, from March 2019 until September 2019. The treatments used in
this research were, soil as T1 (100%); Soil:coco peat as T2 (1:1,v/v); Soil:peat soil as T3
(1:1,v/v); Soil:sand as T4 (1:1,v/v). The data obtained showed there is a significant difference
in the number of a successfully germinated sucker. However, no significant difference was
detected for the sucker growth parameters. Planting media T3, soil: coco peat recorded the
highest number of successfully germinated suckers (12.25). Meanwhile, for growing media, suggested T2 soil: peat soil were recorded the highest for root length (15.53 cm), leaf number
(18.00), and stem diameter (2.18 cm) at 60 days after transplant (DAT).

Matched MeSH terms: Ananas
Genetic Diversity of Pineapple (Ananas comosus) Germplasm in Malaysia Using Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) Markers

Ismail SN, Ghani NSA, Ab Razak SF, Abidin RAZ, Mohd Yusof MF, Zubir MN, et al.

Trop Life Sci Res, 2020 Oct;31(3):15-27.
PMID: 33214853 DOI: 10.21315/tlsr2020.31.3.2

Assessments of genetic diversity have been claimed to be significantly efficient in utilising and managing resources of genetic for breeding programme. In this study, variations in genetic were observed in 65 pineapple accessions gathered from germplasm available at Malaysian Agriculture Research and Development Institute (MARDI) located in Pontian, Johor via 15 markers of simple sequence repeat (SSR). The results showed that 59 alleles appeared to range from 2.0 to 6.0 alleles with a mean of 3.9 alleles per locus, thus displaying polymorphism for all samples at a moderate level. Furthermore, the values of polymorphic information content (PIC) had been found to range between 0.104 (TsuAC035) and 0.697 (Acom_9.9), thus averaging at the value of 0.433. In addition, the expected and the observed heterozygosity of each locus seemed to vary within the ranges of 0.033 to 0.712, and from 0.033 to 0.885, along with the average values of 0.437 and 0.511, respectively. The population structure analysis via method of delta K (ΔK), along with mean of L (K) method, revealed that individuals from the germplasm could be divided into two major clusters based on genetics (K = 2), namely Group 1 and Group 2. As such, five accessions (Yankee, SRK Chalok, SCK Giant India, SC KEW5 India and SC1 Thailand) were clustered in Group 1, while the rest were clustered in Group 2. These outcomes were also supported by the dendrogram, which had been generated through the technique of unweighted pair group with arithmetic mean (UPGMA). These analyses appear to be helpful amongst breeders to maintain and to manage their collections of germplasm. Besides, the data gathered in this study can be useful for breeders to exploit the area of genetic diversity in estimating the level of heterosis.

Matched MeSH terms: Ananas
Fulltext Physico- chemical properties of pineapple variety N36 harvested and stored at different maturity stages

Nadzirah, K.Z., Zainal, S., Noriham, A., Normah, I., Siti Roha, A.M., Nadya, H.

International Food Research Journal, 2013;20(1):225-231.
MyJurnal

The aim of this study is to determine colour changes during storage and physico- chemical properties of peel, core and crown extracts of pineapple variety N36 for maturity indices of 1, 2 and 3. The L* (lightness), a* (redness) and b* (yellowness) values for peels increased significantly (p ≤ 0.05) at each maturity stage during seven days storage. pH of pineapple peel, core and crown extracts were in the range of 3.24 to 3.84. The titratable acidity, percentage of pulp and Total Soluble Solid (TSS) of pineapple peel, core and crown extracts were in the range of 0.16 to 0.36%, 1.37 to 2.91% and 1.4 to 5.3˚Brix, respectively. Fructose and glucose contents were significantly highest (p ≤ 0.05) in pineapple core extract followed by pineapple peel extract and pineapple crown extract for maturity index 2. Significant difference (p ≤ 0.05) was found in sucrose content between pineapple core and peel extracts with 8.92% and 3.87%, respectively for maturity index 3. However, sucrose was not detected in pineapple crown extract. Pineapple core extract was significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) amount of total sugar content compared to pineapple peel and crown extracts for all maturity indices.

Matched MeSH terms: Ananas
Fulltext Effective jam preparations from watermelon waste

Souad, A.M., Jamal, P., Olorunnisola, K.S.

International Food Research Journal, 2012;19(4):1545-1549.
MyJurnal

Watermelon waste materials remained one of the important food grade agro-wastes generated by most hospitality industries in Southeast Asia and particularly in Malaysia. Jam was prepared from watermelon rind with different flavours (vanilla, pineapple, strawberry, lemon and no flavour). Five different samples were prepared at various compositions T₁ (50-50), T₂ (80-20), T₃ (60-40), T₄ (40-60) and T₅ (20-80) of rind and sugar. T₁ (50-50) gave the best jam set. Ten man panel (trained) evaluated the jam for its sensory characteristics and physicochemical analysis. Sensory evaluation conducted among five flavours was significantly different at (p>0.05). Chemical analysis showed that ascorbic acid reduced greatly among all treatments during three month storage. Soluble sugar and pH also decreased gradually for T₁ (from 4.96 to 4.40), T₂ (from 4.92 to 4.21), T₃ (from 4.74 to 4.11), T₄ (from 4.62 to 4.51) and T₅ (from 4.52 to 4.25) upon storage. Strawberry flavoured jam was most acceptable by the panel.

Matched MeSH terms: Ananas
Fulltext Studies on the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of goat's milk dadih incorporated with tropical-fruit purees

Chye, S.J., Ahmad, R., Noor Aziah, A.A.

International Food Research Journal, 2012;19(4):1387-1392.
MyJurnal

This study was carried out to improve the nutritional value of goat’s milk dadih by the addition of tropical-fruit purees, namely, jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus, Lam.), pineapple (Ananas comosus) and papaya (Carica papaya). Dadih with added fruits were compared with the control (without fruit puree) for physical, chemical and sensory attributes. The texture properties of the tropical- fruit dadih were significantly different (p< 0.05) from the control. Control dadih showed highest values for lightness and hue (p< 0.05) as compared to tropical- fruit dadih. The addition of tropical- fruit purees significantly increased (p< 0.05) the moisture, protein, ash and vitamin C contents of the fruit added dadih. There were no significant differences (p> 0.05) in the fat, carbohydrate, energy and total soluble solid contents. Sensory evaluations using a hedonic test showed that all dadih were acceptable. Overall, syneresis of the dadih increased with decreasing pH throughout storage at 4°C.

Matched MeSH terms: Ananas
Fulltext Induced tensile properties with EB- cross linking of hybridized kenaf/palf reinforced HDPE composite

Aji, I.S., Zinudin, E.S., Khairul, M.Z., Abdan, K., S. M. Sapuan

Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 2013;21(1):135-140.
MyJurnal

Electron beam irradiation, without any addition of cross-linking agents, was investigated at varying
doses of EB-Irradiation to develop an environmentally friendly hybridized kenaf (bast)/ pineapple leaf
fibre (PALF) bio-composites. Improvement in tensile property of the hybrid was achieved with the result
showing a direct proportionality relationship between tensile properties and increasing radiation dose.
Statistical analysis software (SAS) was employed to validate the result. HDPE has been shown to have
self-cross-linked, enabling interesting tensile properties with irradiation. Statistical analysis validated
the results obtained and also showed that adequate mixing of fibres and matrix had taken place at 95%
confidence level. Hybridization and subsequent irradiation increased the tensile strength and modulus
of HDPE up to 31 and 185%, respectively, at about 100kGy. Meanwhile, SEM was used to view the
interaction between the fibres and matrix.

Matched MeSH terms: Ananas
Fulltext Pineapple cannery waste as a potential substrate for microbial biotranformation to produce vanillic acid and vanillin

Ong, Khai Lun, Tan, Bee Wai, Liew, Siew Ling

International Food Research Journal, 2014;21(3):953-958.
MyJurnal

In this study, pineapple cannery waste materials were used as substrate for the microbial production of vanillic acid and vanillin by Aspergillus niger I-1472 and Pycnoporus cinnabarinus MUCL 39533. Biotransformation of ferulic acid from pineapple waste by A. niger I-1472 to vanillic acid was optimized using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). A central composite rotatable design was used to allocate treatment combinations and factors tested for their influence on vanillic acid production were inoculum size, yeast extract concentration, diammonium tartrate concentration and initial medium pH. The amount of vanillic acid produced was used as the response for the fermentation study and was assumed to be under the influence of the four factors tested. The estimated conditions for optimal vanillic acid production were inoculum size, 3.08 ×105 CFU mL-1; yeast extract, 0.37 gL-1; diammonium tartrate, 3.88 gL-1 and initial pH, 4.3. Subsequent biotransformation of vanillic acid by P. cinnabarinus MUCL 39533 to vanillin was enhanced with the addition of resin. Under these optimal conditions, 141.00 mgL-1 of vanillin was produced from 5 g of pineapple cannery waste.

Matched MeSH terms: Ananas
Fulltext Physicochemical properties of tamarind and pineapple fruit pulps and powders

Taufiq, A.M., Yusof, Y. A.,, Chin, N.L., Othman, S.H., Serikbaeva, A., Aziz, M.G.

International Food Research Journal, 2015;22(2):707-712.
MyJurnal

Tamarind and pineapple fruit pulps and powders were assessed based on their physicochemical properties such as crude protein, crude fibre, fat, ash, moisture content, water activity (Aw), particle shape, particle size distribution, and density. Both of the fruit powders were subjected to a similar spray-drying process with the addition of 10% w/v of maltodextrin. The nutritional value in terms of crude protein (0.33 - 0.60%), moisture content (4.80% - 25.31%), crude fiber (16.92 - 79.92%), and fat (0.40 - 0.63%) for both fruit pulp and powders shows a significant difference at p

Matched MeSH terms: Ananas
Fulltext Effect of thermal and ultraviolet treatments on the stability of antioxidant compounds in single strength pineapple juice throughout refrigerated storage

Goh, S. G., Noranizan, M., Leong, C. M., Sew C. C., Sobhi, B.

International Food Research Journal, 2012;19(3):1131-1136.
MyJurnal

Thermal treatment is commonly applied in juice manufacturing as a method to pasteurize juices. However the heat may deteriorate some of the essential compounds in the juice, especially heat-sensitive antioxidants. Therefore non-thermal treatment such as ultraviolet (UV) ray has been proposed as an alternative for pasteurization. The objective of this study was to compare the effect of thermal and UV treatments on the content of antioxidants (phenolic acids, flavonoids, carotenoids, ascorbic acids) and antioxidant capacity of single strength pineapple juice. The antioxidants stability of juices throughout 14 days of refrigerated storage was also studied. Ultraviolet treatment shows higher ascorbic acid content after treatment as compared to thermally treated single strength pineapple juice. Storage time affected the studied antioxidants, where UV
treatment provided better stability to ascorbic acid content while thermal treatment provided better stability to flavonoids and carotenoids.

Matched MeSH terms: Ananas
Fulltext Effects of alkali treatments on the tensile properties of pineapple leaf fibre reinforced high impact polystyrene composites

Siregar, J.P., Sapuan, S.M., Rahman, M.Z.A., Zaman, H.M.D.K.

Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 2012;20(2):409-414.
MyJurnal

A study on the effects of alkali treatment and compatibilising agent on the tensile properties of pineappleleaf fibre (PALF) reinforced high impact polystyrene (HIPS) composite is presented in this paper. Thetensile properties of natural fibre reinforced polymer composites are mainly influenced by the interfacialadhesion between the matrix and the fibres. In this study, several chemical modifications were employedto improve the interfacial matrix-fibre bonding and this resulted in the enhancement of tensile propertiesof the composites. In this study, the surface modification of pineapple fibre with alkali treatments andcompatibilizer were used to improve the adhesion between hydrophilic pineapple fibre and hydrophobicpolymer matrix. There are two concentrations of NaOH treatments and compatibilizer used in this study,namely, 2 and 4 wt. %. The results show that the alkali treated fibre and the addition of compatibilisingagent in PALF/HIPS composites have improved the tensile strength and tensile modulus of the composites.

Matched MeSH terms: Ananas

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