Displaying publications 21 - 40 of 977 in total

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  1. Fulltext Left atrial myxoma: three case reports
    Siew TY, Zambahari R
    Med J Malaysia, 1986 Sep;41(3):229-32.
    PMID: 3670139
    The left atrial myxoma is important not only because of its relative frequency and diagnostic difficulty but because it can be successfully removed by surgery. However, if untreated, it invariably leads to death. We report three cases seen at the Cardiology Department, General Hospital, Kuala Lumpur in 1985.
    Matched MeSH terms: Heart Atria/surgery; Heart Neoplasms/diagnosis*; Heart Neoplasms/surgery
  2. Fulltext Real-Time Smart-Digital Stethoscope System for Heart Diseases Monitoring
    Chowdhury MEH, Khandakar A, Alzoubi K, Mansoor S, M Tahir A, Reaz MBI, et al.
    Sensors (Basel), 2019 Jun 20;19(12).
    PMID: 31226869 DOI: 10.3390/s19122781
    One of the major causes of death all over the world is heart disease or cardiac dysfunction. These diseases could be identified easily with the variations in the sound produced due to the heart activity. These sophisticated auscultations need important clinical experience and concentrated listening skills. Therefore, there is an unmet need for a portable system for the early detection of cardiac illnesses. This paper proposes a prototype model of a smart digital-stethoscope system to monitor patient's heart sounds and diagnose any abnormality in a real-time manner. This system consists of two subsystems that communicate wirelessly using Bluetooth low energy technology: A portable digital stethoscope subsystem, and a computer-based decision-making subsystem. The portable subsystem captures the heart sounds of the patient, filters and digitizes, and sends the captured heart sounds to a personal computer wirelessly to visualize the heart sounds and for further processing to make a decision if the heart sounds are normal or abnormal. Twenty-seven t-domain, f-domain, and Mel frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC) features were used to train a public database to identify the best-performing algorithm for classifying abnormal and normal heart sound (HS). The hyper parameter optimization, along with and without a feature reduction method, was tested to improve accuracy. The cost-adjusted optimized ensemble algorithm can produce 97% and 88% accuracy of classifying abnormal and normal HS, respectively.
    Matched MeSH terms: Heart Diseases/diagnosis*; Heart Diseases/physiopathology; Heart Sounds/physiology
  3. Tumour lysis syndrome in a neonate with transient abnormal myelopoiesis
    Mohammad Khuzaini A, Mohd Baharudin JA, Md Fauzi A, Zulkeflee HA, Abdul Halim H, Mazli SK, et al.
    J Neonatal Perinatal Med, 2024;17(2):269-273.
    PMID: 38728206 DOI: 10.3233/NPM-230146
    BACKGROUND: Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is an oncological emergency associated with hematological malignancies or highly proliferative solid tumors, commonly after chemotherapy. It is rarely associated with transient abnormal myelopoiesis.

    OBSERVATION: We report a rare case of a neonate with transient abnormal myelopoiesis and tumor lysis syndrome, complicated with concomitant heart failure due to an underlying atrioventricular septal defect. Hyperhydration was contraindicated due to heart failure. The patient was managed conservatively with full recovery.

    CONCLUSION: Tumor lysis syndrome should be suspected in neonates with transient abnormal myelopoiesis with electrolyte abnormalities. Treatment options should be considered carefully for their risks and benefits.

    Matched MeSH terms: Heart Failure/etiology; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial/complications; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial/diagnosis
  4. Management algorithm in pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum
    Alwi M
    Catheter Cardiovasc Interv, 2006 May;67(5):679-86.
    PMID: 16572430 DOI: 10.1002/ccd.20672
    Pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum (PAIVS) is a disease with remarkable morphologic variability, affecting not only the pulmonary valve but also the tricuspid valve, the RV cavity and coronary arteries. With advances in interventional techniques and congenital heart surgery, the management of PAIVS continues to evolve. This review is an attempt at providing a practical approach to the management of this disease. The basis of our approach is morphologic classification as derived from echocardiography and angiography. Group A, patients with good sized RV and membranous atresia, the primary procedure at presentation is radiofrequency (RF) valvotomy. Often it is the only procedure required in this group with the most favourable outcome. Patients with severely hypoplastic RV (Group C) are managed along the lines of hearts with single ventricle physiology. The treatment at presentation is patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) stenting with balloon atrial septostomy or conventional modified Blalock Taussig (BT) shunt. Bidirectional Glenn shunt may be done 6-12 months later followed by Fontan completion after a suitable interval. Patients in Group B, the intermediate group, are those with borderline RV size, usually with attenuated trabecular component but well developed infundibulum. The treatment at presentation is RF valvotomy and PDA stenting +/- balloon atrial septostomy. Surgical re-interventions are not uncommonly required viz. bidirectional Glenn shunt when the RV fails to grow adequately (11/2 - ventricle repair) and right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) reconstruction for subvalvar obstruction or small pulmonary annulus. Catheter based interventions viz. repeat balloon dilatation or device closure of patent foramen ovale (PFO) may also be required in some patients.
    Matched MeSH terms: Heart Defects, Congenital/diagnosis; Heart Defects, Congenital/pathology; Heart Defects, Congenital/therapy*; Heart Septal Defects/diagnosis; Heart Septal Defects/pathology; Heart Septal Defects/therapy*; Heart Ventricles/pathology*
  5. Fulltext An unusual presentation of atrial myxoma
    Anpalakhan S, Ramasamy D, Fan KS
    Singapore Med J, 2014 Oct;55(10):e156-8.
    PMID: 25631903
    Myxomas are uncommon primary cardiac tumours that usually affect the left atrium. We herein report the case of a patient who presented with right heart failure and proteinuria, leading to the diagnosis of atrial myxoma. Surgical resection resulted in resolution of the patient's symptoms.
    Matched MeSH terms: Heart Atria/surgery; Heart Failure/diagnosis; Heart Neoplasms/diagnosis*; Heart Neoplasms/surgery
  6. Persistent valve of systemic venous sinus: a cause of neonatal cyanosis
    Qureshi AU, Latiff HA, Sivalingam S
    Cardiol Young, 2014 Aug;24(4):756-9.
    PMID: 24016801 DOI: 10.1017/S1047951113001200
    Incomplete involution of valve of systemic venous sinus can present across a spectrum of anatomical lesions ranging from eustachian valve to division of right atrium (cor triatriatum dexter) with overlapping features. We present the case of a neonate presenting with cyanosis, having persistent valve of systemic venous sinus with anatomical details of the redundant tissue in right atrium suggesting an intermediate form between Chiari network and division of right atrium.
    Matched MeSH terms: Heart Atria/abnormalities; Heart Atria/ultrasonography; Heart Defects, Congenital/complications; Heart Defects, Congenital/ultrasonography; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial/complications; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial/ultrasonography*
  7. Fulltext Cor triatriatum dexter: A rare cause of childhood cyanosis
    Zainudin AR, Tiong KG, Mokhtar SA
    Ann Pediatr Cardiol, 2012 Jan;5(1):92-4.
    PMID: 22529613 DOI: 10.4103/0974-2069.93725
    Cor triatriatum dexter is a rare congenital heart anomaly where the right atrium is divided into two chambers by a membrane. We report a boy who had persistent mild cyanosis and diagnosed to have cor triatriatum dexter with secundum atrial septal defect by transoesophageal echocardiography. Interestingly, he had persistent mild cyanosis despite insignificant obstruction to the right ventricular inflow and normal pulmonary artery pressure. The pathophysiology, approach to the diagnosis, and mode of treatment are also discussed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Heart Atria; Heart Defects, Congenital; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial
  8. Fulltext Left atrial myxoma: two dimensional echocardiographic diagnosis
    Singham KT, Anuar M
    Med J Malaysia, 1983 Mar;38(1):68-70.
    PMID: 6633342
    A patient with a left atrial myxoma is reported to illustrate the value of two dimensional real time echocardiography in the diagnosis of intracavitary cardiac tumours.
    Matched MeSH terms: Heart Atria; Heart Neoplasms/diagnosis*
  9. Fulltext A New Approach for Testing Fetal Heart Rate Monitors
    Bibbo D, Klinkovsky T, Penhaker M, Kudrna P, Peter L, Augustynek M, et al.
    Sensors (Basel), 2020 Jul 25;20(15).
    PMID: 32722397 DOI: 10.3390/s20154139
    In this paper, a new approach for the periodical testing and the functionality evaluation of a fetal heart rate monitor device based on ultrasound principle is proposed. The design and realization of the device are presented, together with the description of its features and functioning tests. In the designed device, a relay element, driven by an electric signal that allows switching at two specific frequencies, is used to simulate the fetus and the mother's heartbeat. The simulator was designed to be compliant with the standard requirements for accurate assessment and measurement of medical devices. The accuracy of the simulated signals was evaluated, and it resulted to be stable and reliable. The generated frequencies show an error of about 0.5% with respect to the nominal one while the accuracy of the test equipment was within ±3% of the test signal set frequency. This value complies with the technical standard for the accuracy of fetal heart rate monitor devices. Moreover, the performed tests and measurements show the correct functionality of the developed simulator. The proposed equipment and testing respect the technical requirements for medical devices. The features of the proposed device make it simple and quick in testing a fetal heart rate monitor, thus providing an efficient way to evaluate and test the correlation capabilities of commercial apparatuses.
    Matched MeSH terms: Heart Rate; Heart Rate, Fetal*
  10. Fulltext A large left ventricular tumour presenting with arrhythmias in a 2-month-old infant
    Wan Adlina Wan Yusuf, Amelia Alias, Wan Hanifah Wan Hussin1, Mohd Nasir Abdul Kadir, Abdul Rahim Wong
    Malaysian Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2018;24(2):1-5.
    MyJurnal
    Primary cardiac tumours (PCT) are rare in the paediatric population. They can present in a variety of ways – from being asymptomatic, obstructive with heart failure, strokes, arrhythmias or sudden death. We present a 2-month-old child who was admitted because of heart failure from varying types of arrhythmias and was found on echocardiography to have a large left ventricular tumour. A high clinical suspicion in any infant or child who presents with an unexplained heart murmur, arrhythmias or congestive heart failure should prompt relevant investigations ruling out this entity.
    Matched MeSH terms: Heart Failure; Heart Murmurs; Heart Neoplasms
  11. Molecular signaling of G-protein-coupled receptor in chronic heart failure and associated complications
    Altamish M, Samuel VP, Dahiya R, Singh Y, Deb PK, Bakshi HA, et al.
    Drug Dev Res, 2020 02;81(1):23-31.
    PMID: 31785110 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21627
    The well-known condition of heart failure is a clinical syndrome that results when the myocardium's ability to pump enough blood to meet the body's metabolic needs is impaired. Most of the cardiac activity is maintained by adrenoceptors, are categorized into two main α and β and three distinct subtypes of β receptor: β1-, β2-, and β3-adrenoceptors. The β adrenoreceptor is the main regulatory macro proteins, predominantly available on heart and responsible for down regulatory cardiac signaling. Moreover, the pathological involvement of Angiotensin-converting enzyme 1 (ACE1)/angiotensin II (Ang II)/angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) axis and beneficial ACE2/Ang (1-7)/Mas receptor axis also shows protective role via Gi βγ, during heart failure these receptors get desensitized or internalized due to increase in the activity of G-protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) and GRK5, responsible for phosphorylation of G-protein-mediated down regulatory signaling. Here, we investigate the various clinical and preclinical data that exhibit the molecular mechanism of upset level of GRK change the cardiac activity during failing heart.
    Matched MeSH terms: Heart Failure/complications; Heart Failure/metabolism*
  12. Fulltext Life's Essential 8: Updating and Enhancing the American Heart Association's Construct of Cardiovascular Health: A Presidential Advisory From the American Heart Association
    Lloyd-Jones DM, Allen NB, Anderson CAM, Black T, Brewer LC, Foraker RE, et al.
    Circulation, 2022 Aug 02;146(5):e18-e43.
    PMID: 35766027 DOI: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000001078
    In 2010, the American Heart Association defined a novel construct of cardiovascular health to promote a paradigm shift from a focus solely on disease treatment to one inclusive of positive health promotion and preservation across the life course in populations and individuals. Extensive subsequent evidence has provided insights into strengths and limitations of the original approach to defining and quantifying cardiovascular health. In response, the American Heart Association convened a writing group to recommend enhancements and updates. The definition and quantification of each of the original metrics (Life's Simple 7) were evaluated for responsiveness to interindividual variation and intraindividual change. New metrics were considered, and the age spectrum was expanded to include the entire life course. The foundational contexts of social determinants of health and psychological health were addressed as crucial factors in optimizing and preserving cardiovascular health. This presidential advisory introduces an enhanced approach to assessing cardiovascular health: Life's Essential 8. The components of Life's Essential 8 include diet (updated), physical activity, nicotine exposure (updated), sleep health (new), body mass index, blood lipids (updated), blood glucose (updated), and blood pressure. Each metric has a new scoring algorithm ranging from 0 to 100 points, allowing generation of a new composite cardiovascular health score (the unweighted average of all components) that also varies from 0 to 100 points. Methods for implementing cardiovascular health assessment and longitudinal monitoring are discussed, as are potential data sources and tools to promote widespread adoption in policy, public health, clinical, institutional, and community settings.
    Matched MeSH terms: American Heart Association*; Heart
  13. Simulating impaired left ventricular-arterial coupling in aging and disease: a systematic review
    Ding CCA, Dokos S, Bakir AA, Zamberi NJ, Liew YM, Chan BT, et al.
    Biomed Eng Online, 2024 Feb 22;23(1):24.
    PMID: 38388416 DOI: 10.1186/s12938-024-01206-2
    Aortic stenosis, hypertension, and left ventricular hypertrophy often coexist in the elderly, causing a detrimental mismatch in coupling between the heart and vasculature known as ventricular-vascular (VA) coupling. Impaired left VA coupling, a critical aspect of cardiovascular dysfunction in aging and disease, poses significant challenges for optimal cardiovascular performance. This systematic review aims to assess the impact of simulating and studying this coupling through computational models. By conducting a comprehensive analysis of 34 relevant articles obtained from esteemed databases such as Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed until July 14, 2022, we explore various modeling techniques and simulation approaches employed to unravel the complex mechanisms underlying this impairment. Our review highlights the essential role of computational models in providing detailed insights beyond clinical observations, enabling a deeper understanding of the cardiovascular system. By elucidating the existing models of the heart (3D, 2D, and 0D), cardiac valves, and blood vessels (3D, 1D, and 0D), as well as discussing mechanical boundary conditions, model parameterization and validation, coupling approaches, computer resources and diverse applications, we establish a comprehensive overview of the field. The descriptions as well as the pros and cons on the choices of different dimensionality in heart, valve, and circulation are provided. Crucially, we emphasize the significance of evaluating heart-vessel interaction in pathological conditions and propose future research directions, such as the development of fully coupled personalized multidimensional models, integration of deep learning techniques, and comprehensive assessment of confounding effects on biomarkers.
    Matched MeSH terms: Heart*; Heart Ventricles
  14. Fulltext Evaluation of cardiac signals using discrete wavelet transform with MATLAB graphical user interface
    John AA, Subramanian AP, Jaganathan SK, Sethuraman B
    Indian Heart J, 2015 Nov-Dec;67(6):549-51.
    PMID: 26702684 DOI: 10.1016/j.ihj.2015.07.017
    To process the electrocardiogram (ECG) signals using MATLAB-based graphical user interface (GUI) and to classify the signals based on heart rate.
    Matched MeSH terms: Heart Rate
  15. A review of: application of synthetic scaffold in tissue engineering heart valves
    Fallahiarezoudar E, Ahmadipourroudposht M, Idris A, Mohd Yusof N
    Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl, 2015 Mar;48:556-65.
    PMID: 25579957 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2014.12.016
    The four heart valves represented in the mammalian hearts are responsible for maintaining unidirectional, non-hinder blood flow. The heart valve leaflets synchronically open and close approximately 4 million times a year and more than 3 billion times during the life. Valvular heart dysfunction is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality around the world. When one of the valves malfunctions, the medical choice is may be to replace the original valves with an artificial one. Currently, the mechanical and biological artificial valves are clinically used with some drawbacks. Tissue engineering heart valve concept represents a new technique to enhance the current model. In tissue engineering method, a three-dimensional scaffold is fabricated as the template for neo-tissue development. Appropriate cells are seeded to the matrix in vitro. Various approaches have been investigated either in scaffold biomaterials and fabrication techniques or cell source and cultivation methods. The available results of ongoing experiments indicate a promising future in this area (particularly in combination of bone marrow stem cells with synthetic scaffold), which can eliminate the need for lifelong anti-coagulation medication, durability and reoperation problems.
    Matched MeSH terms: Heart Valve Diseases/therapy; Heart Valve Prosthesis*
  16. Evaluation of suction detection during different pumping states in an implantable rotary blood pump
    Ng SC, Lim E, Mason DG, Avolio AP, Lovell NH
    Artif Organs, 2013 Aug;37(8):E145-54.
    PMID: 23635073 DOI: 10.1111/aor.12079
    In recent times, the problem of noninvasive suction detection for implantable rotary blood pumps has attracted substantial research interest. Here, we compare the performance of various suction indices for different types of suction and non-suction events based on pump speed irregularity. A total of 171 different indices that consist of previously proposed as well as newly introduced suction indices are tested using regularized logistic regression. These indices can be classified as amplitude based (derived from the mean, maximum, and minimum values of a cycle), duration based (derived from the duration of a cycle), gradient based (derived from the first order as well as higher order differences) and frequency based (derived from the power spectral density). The non-suction event data consists of ventricular ejection with or without arrhythmia and intermittent and continuous non-opening of the aortic valve. The suction event data consists of partial ventricular collapse that occurs intermittently as well as continuously with or without arrhythmia. In addition, we also attempted to minimize the usage of multiple indices by applying the sequential forward floating selection method to find which combination of indices gives the best performance. In general, the amplitude-based and gradient-based indices performed quite well while the duration-based and frequency-based indices performed poorly. By having only two indices ([i] the maximum gradient change in positive slope; and [ii] the standard deviation of the maximum value in a cycle), we were able to achieve a sensitivity of 98.9% and a specificity of 99.7%.
    Matched MeSH terms: Heart Ventricles/physiopathology*; Heart-Assist Devices/adverse effects*
  17. Fulltext Fetal heart sound analysis: a preliminary evaluation
    Baskaran A, Sivalingam N
    Med J Malaysia, 1996 Mar;51(1):64-7.
    PMID: 10967981
    The aim of this study, is to determine whether the fine characteristics of the fetal heart sounds could be used to identify intrauterine growth retarded fetuses. A preliminary evaluation, was conducted to compare these characteristics between intrauterine growth retarded fetuses and normal fetuses in the antenatal period after 36 weeks of gestation. Altogether, 7 IUGR fetuses were compared with 12 normal fetuses. An instrument named the Fetal Frequency Phonocardiogram was designed for this purpose. When connected to a personal computer and with a software programme specially written, the fetal heart sound characteristics were analysed. After detailed analysis, there were 3 significant differences between IUGR and normal fetuses, all of which gave a p-value of < 0.01. The frequency of the first heart sound was significantly higher in the IUGR fetuses compared to normal fetuses. The ratio of the amplitude of the first heart sound over the second heart sound was higher in the IUGR group. Finally, the ratio of the time between the first and second heart sound over the cardiac cycle was shorter in the IUGR fetuses. Fetal heart sound analysis, may provide a simple non-invasive method of detecting and monitoring fetuses at risk in the antenatal period.
    Matched MeSH terms: Fetal Heart/physiology*; Heart Sounds*
  18. Fulltext Verification of flow rate measurement by radiotracer and conventional techniques
    Noraishah Othmanl, Nor Pa' iza M. Hasani, Juhari Mohd Yusof, Roslan Yahya, Mohd Amirul Syafiq
    Jurnal Sains Nuklear Malaysia, 2012;24(2):50-58.
    MyJurnal
    Flow measurement is a critical element for liquid resources monitoring for various applications in many industrial systems. The purposes of the study are to determine the flow rate of liquid system in flow rig using radiotracer techniques and to compare the result with that obtained by the conventional flow meters. The flow rig consists of 58.7m long and 20cm diameter pipeline that can accommodate about 0.296m3 of liquid. Tap water was used as liquid flow in pipeline and conventional flow meters were also installed at the flow rig. Radiotracer was injected as a sharp pulse into the inlet p.peline. The pulse was monitored at the inlet and various points along the outlet pipeline using collimated scintillation detector. The peak to peak and total count methods were applied for radiotracer techniques and showed the comparable results with conventional flow meter.
    Matched MeSH terms: Heart Rate
  19. Fulltext Undiagnosed bicuspid aortic valve: a silent danger
    Ngow, H.A., Wan Khairina, W.M.N.
    International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2012;11(2):45-48.
    MyJurnal
    The normal aortic valve has three leaflets, which are almost equal in size. A bicuspid aortic valve developed as a result of abnormal aortic cusp formation during early embryogenesis. Complications such as valvular stenosis or incompetence are well known. Delayed in identifying the congenital abnormality or the complications may cause morbidity and mortality. We report two cases of congestive cardiac failure as the results of undiagnosed bicuspid aortic valve with severe aortic incompetence. Both young men in their productive age without cardiac risk factors, were unfortunate to present too late. Although one of them was lucky to survive the ordeal, most late presentation ends up gravely. Aortic valve replacement can be offered if early detection is made. Those with severe disease at diagnosis may require a heart transplant.
    Matched MeSH terms: Heart Failure; Heart Valve Diseases; Heart Valve Prosthesis; Heart Transplantation
  20. Fulltext A New Method for a Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting System Using a Backtracking Search Algorithm-Based PI Voltage Controller
    Sarker MR, Mohamed A, Mohamed R
    Micromachines (Basel), 2016 Sep 23;7(10).
    PMID: 30404344 DOI: 10.3390/mi7100171
    This paper presents a new method for a vibration-based piezoelectric energy harvesting system using a backtracking search algorithm (BSA)-based proportional-integral (PI) voltage controller. This technique eliminates the exhaustive conventional trial-and-error procedure for obtaining optimized parameter values of proportional gain (Kp), and integral gain (Ki) for PI voltage controllers. The generated estimate values of Kp and Ki are executed in the PI voltage controller that is developed through the BSA optimization technique. In this study, mean absolute error (MAE) is used as an objective function to minimize output error for a piezoelectric energy harvesting system (PEHS). The model for the PEHS is designed and analyzed using the BSA optimization technique. The BSA-based PI voltage controller of the PEHS produces a significant improvement in minimizing the output error of the converter and a robust, regulated pulse-width modulation (PWM) signal to convert a MOSFET switch, with the best response in terms of rise time and settling time under various load conditions.
    Matched MeSH terms: Heart Rate
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