Laporan prestasi kerja adalah laporan penilaian yang sistematik dan komprehensif secara kuantitatif bagi menilai tahap prestasi penjawat awam di Malaysia. Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk menentukan sama ada prestasi kerja kakitangan sokongan di Hospital Mersing setanding dengan prestasi kakitangan awam lain di Malaysia. Objektif lain adalah untuk mengenal pasti anggota yang berprestasi tinggi dan rendah dalam organisasi dan menentukan faktor yang mempengaruhi prestasi kerja. Kajian ini adalah pensampelan rentas, retrospektif, mudah digunakan dengan menggunakan data sekunder dari buku perkhidmatan pekerja, Sistem Maklumat Pengurusan Sumber Manusia (HRMIS) dan rekod perubatan kakitangan pada tahun 2016 digunapakai. Hasil kajian menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara faktor sosio-demografi dengan prestasi kerja yang jantina, pendapatan bulanan dan tahap pendidikan. Bagaimanapun, tiada hubungan yang signifikan antara etnik, umur, status perkahwinan dan tempoh perkhidmatan. Tiada hubungan yang signifikan antara faktor kesihatan dan faktor pekerjaan dengan prestasi kerja. Dapatan yang diperolehi dari kajian ini boleh digunakan oleh pentadbiran hospital dan penyelia untuk mengambil langkah-langkah bagi memperbaiki tahap prestasi kerja kakitangan dengan sewajarnya di mana ia dapat memberi manfaat kepada individu dan organisasi secara keseluruhan.
Tujuan menjalankan kajian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tahap kekerapan penyelidikan yang berkaitan dengan kesihatan mental yang dijalankan di fasiliti Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia. Sebanyak 258 fasiliti Kementerian Kesihatan yang terlibat dalam kajian ini meliputi Hospital Mental, Hospital dengan perkhidmatan Pakar Psikiatri, Hospital tanpa perkhidmatan Pakar Psikiatri dan Pejabat Kesihatan Daerah. Borang kajiselidik telah dihantar melalui pos kepada Pengarah Hospital dan Pegawai Kesihatan Daerah dengan kadar maklumbalas 70.2%. Hasil kajian mendapati hanya 23(13.1%) fasiliti sahaja yang menjalankan kajian mengenai kesihatan mental. Sebanyak 37 kajian berkaitan kesihatan mental telah dijalankan bagi tahun 2003-2004. Penyebab utama penyelidikan kurang dijalankan disebabkan oieh peruntukan yang tidak mencukupi dan tiada kepakaran untuk menjalankan penyelidikan yang berkaitan dengan kesihatan mental. Antara penyebab lain adalah kekurangan anggota, NGO tidak berminat dan tiada latihan. Kesimpulannya menunjukkan tahap penyelidikan kesihatan mental di fasiliti Kementerian Kesihatan masih rendah.
Nurses’ job performance is defined as the effectiveness of a person in carrying out his or her duties related to patient care. Aim of this study is to measure job performance among nurses in a tertiary hospital and its associated factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted among nurses selected from four departments, which were Obstetrics & Gynecology (O&G), medical, surgical and Cardiac Care Unit (CCU)/High Dependency Unit (HDU). A Malay validated Six-Dimension Scale of Nursing Performance (6-DSNP) questionnaire was used to measure job performance. Nurses who have one child more compared to other nurses had significantly lower total mean score of job performance by -0.06 (95% CI 0.11, 0.01). Nurses working in medical department [adj.β=0.16 (95% CI 0.01, 0.30)] and CCU/HDU [adj.β= 0.33(95% CI: 0.17, 0.50)] had significantly higher total mean scores of jobs performance compared to O&G department. Effective strategies and re-examining work conditions are imperative for better job performance.
Study site: Department of
Medical, Department of Surgical, Department of
Obstetrics & Gynecology (O&G) and Cardiac Care
Unit/ High Dependency Unit (CCU/HDU) of Pusat Perubatan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (PPUKM)
OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of cases and episodes of needlestick injury among three groups of health care workers in the past one-year, the level of knowledge on blood-borne diseases and universal precautions and the practice of universal precautions. Other factors associated with the occurrence of needlestick injuries and the reporting of needlestick injuries were also analysed.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in May 2003 to study the needlestick injuries among 285 health care workers (doctors, nurses, medical students) in a public teaching hospital in Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.
RESULTS: The prevalence of needlestick injuries among the respondents was 24.6% involving 71 cases i.e. 48.0% among doctors, 22.4% among medical students, and 18.7% among nurses and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.001). There were a total of 174 episodes of needlestick injury. Prevalence of episode of needlestick injuries was highest among doctors (146%), followed by nurses (50.7%) and medical students (29.4%). Cases of needlestick injuries attained lower scores on practice of universal precautions compared to non-cases (p<0.001). About 59% of cases of needlestick injury did not report their injuries.
CONCLUSIONS: The study showed that needlestick injuries pose a high risk to health care workers and it is underreported most of the time. Many needlestick injuries can be prevented by strictly following the practice of universal precautions.
Dematiaceous fungi (black fungi) are a heterogeneous group of fungi present in diverse environments worldwide. Many species in this group are known to cause allergic reactions and potentially fatal diseases in humans and animals, especially in tropical and subtropical climates. This study represents the first survey of dematiaceous fungi in Malaysia and provides observations on their diversity as well as in vitro response to antifungal drugs. Seventy-five strains isolated from various clinical specimens were identified by morphology as well as an internal transcribed spacer (ITS)-based phylogenetic analysis. The combined molecular and conventional approach enabled the identification of three classes of the Ascomycota phylum and 16 genera, the most common being Cladosporium, Cochliobolus and Neoscytalidium. Several of the species identified have not been associated before with human infections. Among 8 antifungal agents tested, the azoles posaconazole (96%), voriconazole (90.7%), ketoconazole (86.7%) and itraconazole (85.3%) showed in vitro activity (MIC ≤ 1 µg/mL) to the largest number of strains, followed by anidulafungin (89.3%), caspofungin (74.7%) and amphotericin B (70.7%). Fluconazole appeared to be the least effective with only 10.7% of isolates showing in vitro susceptibility. Overall, almost half (45.3%) of the isolates showed reduced susceptibility (MIC >1 µg/mL) to at least one antifungal agent, and three strains (one Pyrenochaeta unguis-hominis and two Nigrospora oryzae) showed potential multidrug resistance.
Knowledge of local antimicrobial resistance patterns of bacteria is a valuable guide to empirical antimicrobial therapy. This paper reports the resistance patterns of more than 36,000 bacteria isolated between August 1991 and July 1992 in six Malaysian hospitals and discusses the implications of the results. A customized menu driven software programme was developed to analyse the results. Generally, resistance to the commonly used antibiotics like ampicillin, cloxacillin, cephalosporins, gentamicin, cotrimoxazole and tetracycline was high. Some differences in resistance rate amongst the six hospitals were also noted. Continuous surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in hospitals is encouraged for the effective control of the emergence of antimicrobial resistance.
Public and private hospitals in Kuala Lumpur and Selangor were evaluated in terms of their accessibility for the physically disabled. The research hypotheses for this study included the following: (1) Both types of hospitals are accessible for the physically disabled as measured by specific criteria but (2) the degree of accessibility is higher in the case of private hospitals as compared to public hospitals. A total of 23 private hospitals and 11 public hospitals in Kuala Lumpur and Selangor were invited to participate in the study. The 5 private hospitals and 5 public hospitals that agreed were evaluated for adequacy of facilities for the physically-disabled. For this purpose, 13 specific criteria were assessed and scored for each hospital. These criteria were also grouped into 5 categories, namely, parking, toilet, door and lift, corridor and ramp. Scores were compared between each hospital and then aggregated and compared for private hospitals versus public hospitals. It was found that none of the 5 private hospitals and 5 public hospitals studied satisfied 100% of the criteria evaluated. Looking at each hospital individually, the overall scores range from 32% to 92% for the criteria set. Only 4 of the 10 hospitals in our sample achieved overall scores of 80% or higher in terms of the evaluation criteria we used. With the exception of availability of ramps where public hospitals scored slightly higher ,for most of the individual criterion, private hospitals scored higher than public hospitals. Looking at each criterion across all hospitals, the scores range from 59.2% (adequacy of parking) to 85% (adequacy of corridors). The median score obtained by private hospitals and by public hospitals for all 13 criteria were analysed for any difference. The difference between private hospitals and public hospitals is not statistically significant (Mann-Whitney U = 6.5, p-value = 0.099). There is no significant difference between Kuala Lumpur/Selangor private and public hospitals in terms of accessibility for physically disabled people. However, some hospitals are more accessible for the physically disabled than other hospitals. These findings indicate that there is room for improvement.
The National Cancer Center Hospital in Japan has established the Asia Cancer Clinical Trial Network, otherwise known as the ATLAS project, which began in September 2020 with government support. The goal of the ATLAS project is to foster a robust research platform for international clinical trials in Asia by developing research institutions' network and providing educational opportunities. The ATLAS project also aims to concurrently conduct multiple international clinical trials. Participating countries include not only longstanding collaborators such as Korea, Taiwan, and Singapore, but also rapidly developing nations such as Thailand, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Vietnam. Each country's top-tier research institutions have joined as participating facilities in the ATLAS project. Currently, 5 international clinical trials are ongoing with several more in preparation. While academia lacked an infrastructure to support such a lot of international research previously, the National Cancer Center Hospital has been addressing this by establishing the Department of International Clinical Development in November 2020, and operating the Asian Partnerships Office in Bangkok, Thailand from December 2021. This strategy is aimed at creating an in-house research support function to conduct affordable, swift, and convenient Asian collaborative clinical trials. Furthermore, to increase commitment to ATLAS across Asian countries, an ATLAS board has been established as a decision- making body as the clinical trial group. This mechanism, constructed to make decisions on a pan-Asian basis, is represented by 2 delegates from each country.
Tonsillectomy is performed for several indications, the two commonest in practice are infective (chronic tonsillitis) and obstructive symptoms such as sleep apnea. The objective of this study is to determine the necessity of routinely performed histopathological examination of fonsillectomy specimens. In this paper, a retrospective evaluation of 480 specimens from 241 patient who had undergone tonsillectomies in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia between January 2004 and October 2005 was done. It was found that 462 (96.25 %) were reactive lymphoid hyperplasia and 18 (3.75 %) were follicular hyperplasia. None of them were found to be malignant. The result of this study indicates that routine histopathological examination of tonsillectomy specimens are unnecessary and results only in added cost and a loss of man hours.
Matched MeSH terms: Hospitals; Hospitals, University
Private hospitals are expanding in Latin America, but the industry is less developed in this region than in some other emerging markets. Groups of hospitals are emerging in countries such as Brazil, Mexico, Colombia and Peru. However, they haven't reached the size of hospital groups in Malaysia, India and South Africa. They also remain domestically focused, while companies from the aforementioned three emerging markets outside Latin America have expanded to multiple other countries and have listed on stock exchanges to access more capital to finance their expansion. It is very likely that these trends seen in other emerging markets will manifest in Latin America as it continues to develop.
Matched MeSH terms: Hospitals, Private/economics*; Hospitals, Private/supply & distribution