MyMedR

Genetically engineered human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells expressing human interleukin-12 and in vitro growth inhibition against lung adenocarcinoma cells

Goh JJ, Ong HT, Lee BS, Teoh HK

Malays J Pathol, 2023 Aug;45(2):247-259.

PMID: 37658534

INTRODUCTION: Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are promising vehicles for cancer therapy due to their homing ability and potency to be genetically manipulated through either viral or non-viral methods. Interleukin-12 (IL-12) is one of the key immunomodulatory cytokines which has anti-tumour effect. However, systemic administration of the cytokine at therapeutic dosage can cause serious toxicity in the host system due to the high systemic level of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) induced.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate the in vitro growth inhibition of genetically engineered human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (hUCMSC) expressing IL-12 on H1975 human lung adenocarcinoma cells.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Both adenoviral method and electroporation which used to generate hUCMSC-IL12 were compared. The method with better outcome was selected to generate hUCMSC-IL12 for the co-culture experiment with H1975 or MRC-5 cells. Characterisation of hUCMSC and hUCMSC-IL12 was performed.

RESULTS: Adenoviral method showed superior results in transfection efficiency (63.6%), post-transfection cell viability (82.6%) and hIL-12 protein expression (1.2 x 107 pg/ml) and thus was selected for the downstream experiments. Subsequently, hUCMSC-IL12 showed significant inhibition effect on H1975 cells after 5 days of co-culture. No significant difference was observed for all other co-culture groups, indicating that the inhibition effect was because of hIL-12. Lastly, the integrity of hUCMSC-IL12 remained unaffected by the transduction through examination of their surface markers and differentiation properties.

CONCLUSION: This study provided proof of concept that hUCMSC can be genetically engineered to express hIL-12 which exerts direct growth inhibition effect on human lung adenocarcinoma cells.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms*

Controlled release of doxorubicin from electrospun PEO/chitosan/graphene oxide nanocomposite nanofibrous scaffolds

Ardeshirzadeh B, Anaraki NA, Irani M, Rad LR, Shamshiri S

Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl, 2015 Mar;48:384-90.

PMID: 25579938 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2014.12.039

Polyethylene oxide (PEO)/chitosan (CS)/graphene oxide (GO) electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds were successfully developed via electrospinning process for controlled release of doxorubicin (DOX). The SEM analysis of nanofibrous scaffolds with different contents of GO (0.1, 0.2, 0.5 and 0.7wt.%) indicated that the minimum diameter of nanofibers was found to be 85nm for PEO/CS/GO 0.5% nanofibers. The π-π stacking interaction between DOX and GO with fine pores of nanofibrous scaffolds exhibited higher drug loading (98%) and controlled release of the DOX loaded PEO/CS/GO nanofibers. The results of DOX release from nanofibrous scaffolds at pH5.3 and 7.4 indicated strong pH dependence. The hydrogen bonding interaction between GO and DOX could be unstable under acidic conditions which resulted in faster drug release rate in pH5.3. The cell viability results indicated that DOX loaded PEO/CS/GO/DOX nanofibrous scaffold could be used as an alternative source of DOX compared with free DOX to avoid the side effects of free DOX. Thus, the prepared nanofibrous scaffold offers as a novel formulation for treatment of lung cancer.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy*; Lung Neoplasms/metabolism; Lung Neoplasms/pathology

Fulltext Sclerosing haemangioma of the lung - an unusual multifocal presentation

Rosliza G, Hairulfaizi H, Joanna OS, Zamrin DM, Ramzisham AR

Med J Malaysia, 2010 Jun;65(2):146-7.

PMID: 23756801

We present a rare case of a multifocal sclerosing haemangioma of the lung in a 49-year-old lady. A left pneumonectomy with complete excision of the tumour seems to be the curative treatment. The recent literature on this unusual presentation is reviewed.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms

Fulltext Respiratory clinics: cough and melena in a 60-year-old man

Khajotia R, Ng C

Malays Fam Physician, 2010;5(1):44-5.

PMID: 25606186

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms

Fulltext ACTH producing pulmonary carcinoid and pituitary macroadenoma: a fortuitous association?

Wong M, Isa SH, Kamaruddin NA, Khalid BA

Med J Malaysia, 2007 Jun;62(2):168-70.

PMID: 18705457

We report a case of a 45 year-old man who presented initially with a non-functioning pituitary macroadenoma. A routine chest radiography done preoperatively revealed a right lung nodule which was confirmed by computed tomography (CT) of the thorax. Transfrontal hypophysectomy was performed while a conservative approach was taken for the lung nodule. Four years later, he presented acutely with adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) dependent Cushing's syndrome which resolved following a right lobectomy. Histological examination revealed an atypical carcinoid. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of an ectopic ACTH secreting pulmonary carcinoid found in association with a non-functioning pituitary macroadenoma.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms/complications; Lung Neoplasms/pathology; Lung Neoplasms/secretion*

Effect of time delay on survival in patients with non-small cell lung cancer--a Malaysian study

Loh LC, Chan LY, Tan RY, Govindaraju S, Ratnavelu K, Kumar S, et al.

Asia Pac J Public Health, 2006;18(1):69-71.

PMID: 16629441

The prognosis of lung cancer remains poor with overall five year survival figures varying between five and 10% worldwide, However, it has been shown that surgery in patients with early stage disease in non-small cell lung cancer can achieve five year survival rates up to 80%, suggesting that early or delay diagnosis can influence prognosis. Nevertheless, studies addressing this have been inconclusive and mostly derived from Western countries.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis*; Lung Neoplasms/mortality; Lung Neoplasms/surgery*

Fulltext In Vitro Analysis of Metabolites Secreted during Infection of Lung Epithelial Cells by Cryptococcus neoformans

Liew KL, Jee JM, Yap I, Yong PV

PLoS One, 2016;11(4):e0153356.

PMID: 27054608 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0153356

Cryptococcus neoformans is an encapsulated basidiomycetous yeast commonly associated with pigeon droppings and soil. The opportunistic pathogen infects humans through the respiratory system and the metabolic implications of C. neoformans infection have yet to be explored. Studying the metabolic profile associated with the infection could lead to the identification of important metabolites associated with pulmonary infection. Therefore, the aim of the study was to simulate cryptococcal infection at the primary site of infection, the lungs, and to identify the metabolic profile and important metabolites associated with the infection at low and high multiplicity of infections (MOI). The culture supernatant of lung epithelial cells infected with C. neoformans at MOI of 10 and 100 over a period of 18 hours were analysed using gas chromatography mass spectrometry. The metabolic profiles obtained were further analysed using multivariate analysis and the pathway analysis tool, MetaboAnalyst 2.0. Based on the results from the multivariate analyses, ten metabolites were selected as the discriminatory metabolites that were important in both the infection conditions. The pathways affected during early C. neoformans infection of lung epithelial cells were mainly the central carbon metabolism and biosynthesis of amino acids. Infection at a higher MOI led to a perturbance in the β-alanine metabolism and an increase in the secretion of pantothenic acid into the growth media. Pantothenic acid production during yeast infection has not been documented and the β-alanine metabolism as well as the pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis pathways may represent underlying metabolic pathways associated with disease progression. Our study suggested that β-alanine metabolism and the pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis pathways might be the important pathways associated with cryptococcal infection.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms/metabolism*; Lung Neoplasms/microbiology; Lung Neoplasms/pathology

Fulltext Multiple bilateral cannon-ball lung metastases from carcinoma of the prostate: orchiedectomy induced remission

Nabi G, Sadiq M

Med J Malaysia, 2002 Mar;57(1):111-3.

PMID: 14569728

A 56-year-old man presented with lower urinary tract obstructive symptoms, hemoptysis and progressive dyspnoea. Digital rectal examination showed an enlarged nodular prostate and a tru-cut biopsy confirmed carcinoma prostate. Chest x-ray showed multiple bilateral cannon ball opacities suggestive of metastases. He underwent bilateral orchidectomy and follow up assessment showed significant clearing of the cannon-ball lesions in the lungs. He remained asymptomatic at follow up that has extended to 8 years.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms/radiography; Lung Neoplasms/secondary*; Lung Neoplasms/surgery*

Fulltext Dermatomyositis Anteceding Lung Adenocarcinoma

Lim JL, Yusof NS, Md Tarekh NA, Abdul Rahman R

Cureus, 2020 Nov 19;12(11):e11580.

PMID: 33364104 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.11580

Dermatomyositis is often presented as paraneoplastic syndrome. The diagnosis of dermatomyositis can prompt clinicians to further investigate the underlying cause, in particular malignancy. This case report illustrates the association of lung adenocarcinoma and dermatomyositis with antecedent presentation of cutaneous and musculoskeletal manifestations, one year prior to the diagnosis of carcinoma.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms

Fulltext Prolonged survival of metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma: a case report

Zainal N, Hasbullah HH

J Gastrointest Oncol, 2018 Apr;9(2):E6-E8.

PMID: 29755781 DOI: 10.21037/jgo.2018.01.04

Management of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) generally follows EASL-EORTC clinical practise guideline. We report a case of a 50-year-old man who had multinodular HCC with lung metastases, whose management had deviated from the standard guideline but still survive 5 years after initial diagnosis.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms

Advances and challenges in developing andrographolide and its analogues as cancer therapeutic agents

Soo HL, Quah SY, Sulaiman I, Sagineedu SR, Lim JCW, Stanslas J

Drug Discov Today, 2019 09;24(9):1890-1898.

PMID: 31154065 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2019.05.017

Andrographolide (AGP), a naturally occurring bioactive compound, has been investigated as a lead compound in cancer drug development. Its multidimensional therapeutic effects have raised interest among medicinal chemists, which has led to extensive structural modification of the compound, resulting in analogues with improved pharmacological and pharmaceutical properties. Nevertheless, the analogues with the improved properties need to be rigorously studied to identify drug-like lead compounds. We scrutinised articles published from 2012 to 2018, to objectively provide opinions on the mechanisms of action of AGP and its analogues, as well as their potential as viable anticancer drugs. Preclinical and clinical data, along with the extensive medicinal chemistry efforts, indicate the compounds are potential anticancer agents with specific value in treating recalcitrant cancers such as pancreatic and lung cancers.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms

Fulltext Thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) –a diagnostic dilemma in a patient with haemoptysis

Li, S.W., Osman, M.

Malaysian Journal of Emergency Medicine, 2017;2(1):23-27.

MyJurnal

This case illustrates the difficulty in diagnosing TAA from an uncommon symptom of haemoptysis, especially in a patient with recent cardiac eventandthe possibility of having a lung malignancy as he is anex-smoker. It appears that CT Angiography is the modality of choice here.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms

Fulltext Sclerosing haemangioma of the lung

Liam CK, Wong KT

Singapore Med J, 1995 Jun;36(3):333-4.

PMID: 8553108

An asymptomatic middle-aged women was investigated for a lung nodule detected on routine chest X-ray. Percutaneous needle biopsy revealed it to be a sclerosing haemangioma which was subsequently removed by a left lower lobectomy. The literature on this uncommon benign lesion is reviewed.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms/pathology; Lung Neoplasms/radiography*; Lung Neoplasms/surgery

Fulltext Defaulters among lung cancer patients in a suburban district in a developing country

Ng TH, How SH, Kuan YC, Fauzi AR

Ann Thorac Med, 2012 Jan;7(1):12-5.

PMID: 22347344 DOI: 10.4103/1817-1737.91556

This study was carried out to determine the prevalence, patient's characteristic and reasons for defaulting follow-up and treatment among patients with lung cancer.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms

Particulate matter air pollution components and risk for lung cancer

Raaschou-Nielsen O, Beelen R, Wang M, Hoek G, Andersen ZJ, Hoffmann B, et al.

Environ Int, 2016 Feb;87:66-73.

PMID: 26641521 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2015.11.007

Particulate matter (PM) air pollution is a human lung carcinogen; however, the components responsible have not been identified. We assessed the associations between PM components and lung cancer incidence.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms

Fulltext The role of microRNAs in the regulation of apoptosis in lung cancer and its application in cancer treatment

Othman N, Nagoor NH

Biomed Res Int, 2014;2014:318030.

PMID: 24999473 DOI: 10.1155/2014/318030

Lung cancer remains to be one of the most common and serious types of cancer worldwide. While treatment is available, the survival rate of this cancer is still critically low due to late stage diagnosis and high frequency of drug resistance, thus highlighting the pressing need for a greater understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in lung carcinogenesis. Studies in the past years have evidenced that microRNAs (miRNAs) are critical players in the regulation of various biological functions, including apoptosis, which is a process frequently evaded in cancer progression. Recently, miRNAs were demonstrated to possess proapoptotic or antiapoptotic abilities through the targeting of oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes. This review examines the involvement of miRNAs in the apoptotic process of lung cancer and will also touch on the promising evidence supporting the role of miRNAs in regulating sensitivity to anticancer treatment.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy; Lung Neoplasms/genetics*; Lung Neoplasms/pathology

Fulltext Is tissue still the issue in detecting molecular alterations in lung cancer?

Liam CK, Mallawathantri S, Fong KM

Respirology, 2020 09;25(9):933-943.

PMID: 32335992 DOI: 10.1111/resp.13823

Molecular biomarker testing of advanced-stage NSCLC is now considered standard of care and part of the diagnostic algorithm to identify subsets of patients for molecular-targeted treatment. Tumour tissue biopsy is essential for an accurate initial diagnosis, determination of the histological subtype and for molecular testing. With the increasing use of small biopsies and cytological specimens for diagnosis and the need to identify an increasing number of predictive biomarkers, proper management of the limited amount of sampling materials available is important. Many patients with advanced NSCLC do not have enough tissue for molecular testing and/or do not have a biopsy-amenable lesion and/or do not want to go through a repeat biopsy given the potential risks. Molecular testing can be difficult or impossible if the sparse material from very small biopsy specimens has already been exhausted for routine diagnostic purposes. A limited diagnostic workup is recommended to preserve sufficient tissue for biomarker testing. In addition, tumour biopsies are limited by tumour heterogeneity, particularly in the setting of disease resistance, and thus may yield false-negative results. Hence, there have been considerable efforts to determine if liquid biopsy in which molecular alterations can be non-invasively identified in plasma cell-free ctDNA, a potential surrogate for the entire tumour genome, can overcome the issues with tissue biopsies and replace the need for the latter.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy; Lung Neoplasms/genetics*; Lung Neoplasms/metabolism; Lung Neoplasms/pathology

Fulltext Lung adenocarcinoma with ipsilateral pleural and breast metastases

Liam CK, Pang YK, Kow KS

J Thorac Oncol, 2014 Jan;9(1):e8-9.

PMID: 24346108 DOI: 10.1097/01.JTO.0000438376.45132.9c

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms/pathology*

Fulltext Metastatic nasal chondrosarcoma

Sathappan S, Razak HA, Loo CP

Med J Malaysia, 2007 Oct;62(4):347-8.

PMID: 18551946 MyJurnal

Chondrosarcomas are uncommon tumors which originates in the head and neck and accounts for approximately 10 to 15% of all cases. Most chondrosarcomas exhibit an indolent growth pattern. Nasoseptal tumors may mimic common sinonasal conditions, making early diagnosis difficult. We report a case of nasoseptal metastatic chondrosarcoma which was atypical, characterized by an aggressive growth pattern and widely disseminated.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms/secondary*

Fulltext Transbronchial needle aspiration of mediastinal lymph node

How SH, Kuan YC, Ng TH, Norra H, Ramachandram K, Fauzi AR

Med J Malaysia, 2008 Jun;63(2):178-81.

PMID: 18942315 MyJurnal

In Malaysia, transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA) is a relatively new procedure performed only in a handful of respiratory centres. We reviewed TBNA of mediastinal lymph node performed in Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan (HTAA) to determine the yield and its complications. Data was retrieved from endoscopy databases and patients' records, CT thorax images and all cytological and histological slides were reviewed. Twenty-five patients had TBNA performed. TBNA was positive in 15 patients (60%). Overall, 80% had confirmed malignancy after bronchoscopy. Only four patients had documented bleeding after TBNA and in two of them, bleeding stopped spontaneously and another two patients required diluted adrenaline to stop the bleed. No mortality was reported from this procedure. Hence, TBNA is a safe procedure.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis

Displaying publications 21 - 40 of 309 in total