Displaying publications 21 - 40 of 1113 in total

Abstract:
Sort:
  1. Scope and applicability of social-ecological resilience to antimicrobial resistance
    Wernli D, Søgaard Jørgensen P, Parmley EJ, Majowicz SE, Lambraki I, Carson CA, et al.
    Lancet Planet Health, 2023 Jul;7(7):e630-e637.
    PMID: 37438004 DOI: 10.1016/S2542-5196(23)00128-6
    Social-ecological systems conceptualise how social human systems and ecological natural systems are intertwined. In this Personal View, we define the scope and applicability of social-ecological resilience to antimicrobial resistance. Resilience to antimicrobial resistance corresponds to the capacity to maintain the societal benefits of antimicrobial use and One Health systems' performance in the face of the evolutionary behaviour of microorganisms in response to antimicrobial use. Social-ecological resilience provides an appropriate framework to make sense of the disruptive impacts resulting from the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance; capture the diversity of strategies needed to tackle antimicrobial resistance and to live with it; understand the conditions that underpin the success or failure of interventions; and appreciate the need for adaptive and coevolutionary governance. Overall, resilience thinking is essential to improve understanding of how human societies dynamically can cope with, adapt, and transform to the growing global challenge of antimicrobial resistance.
    Matched MeSH terms: Drug Resistance, Bacterial*
  2. Fungicide resistance in Fusarium species: exploring environmental impacts and sustainable management strategies
    Naqvi SAH, Farhan M, Ahmad M, Kiran R, Shahbaz M, Abbas A, et al.
    Arch Microbiol, 2025 Jan 10;207(2):31.
    PMID: 39792175 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-024-04219-6
    The agricultural productivity and world-wide food security is affected by different phytopathogens, in which Fusarium is more destructive affecting more than 150 crops, now got resistance against many fungicides that possess harmful effects on environment such as soil health, air pollution, and human health. Fusarium fungicide resistance is an increasing concern in agricultural and environmental contexts, requiring a thorough understanding of its causes, implications, and management approaches. The mechanisms of fungicide resistance in Fusarium spp., are reviewed in this article, including increased efflux pump activity, target-site mutations, and metabolic detoxification pathways. Fusarium is naturally resistant to some of the fungicides, on the other hand; it speedily develops resistance against the other fungicides groups. Most of the important plant pathogenic Fusarium species including F. oxysporum, F. psedogramanium, F. graminearium and Fusarium solani, which have shown resistance to major groups of fungicides including triazoles, phenylpyrole and benzimedazoles in various regions of the world. The review also covers a range of management techniques, including fungicide rotation, resistant cultivars, cultural methods, and biological control agents, to lessen fungicide resistance. By shedding light on the current state of knowledge concerning fungicide resistance in Fusarium spp., this review provides valuable information to researchers, policymakers, and practitioners to design long-term effective disease management approaches, as well as fungal menace control to preserve fungicides' effectiveness in agriculture and conservancy activities.
    Matched MeSH terms: Drug Resistance, Fungal*
  3. The Impacts and Changes Related to the Cancer Drug Resistance Mechanism
    Varshney P, Sharma V, Yadav D, Kumar Y, Singh A, Kagithala NR, et al.
    Curr Drug Metab, 2023;24(12):787-802.
    PMID: 38141188 DOI: 10.2174/0113892002266408231207150547
    BACKGROUND: Cancer drug resistance remains a difficult barrier to effective treatment, necessitating a thorough understanding of its multi-layered mechanism.

    OBJECTIVE: This study aims to comprehensively explore the diverse mechanisms of cancer drug resistance, assess the evolution of resistance detection methods, and identify strategies for overcoming this challenge. The evolution of resistance detection methods and identification strategies for overcoming the challenge.

    METHODS: A comprehensive literature review was conducted to analyze intrinsic and acquired drug resistance mechanisms, including altered drug efflux, reduced uptake, inactivation, target mutations, signaling pathway changes, apoptotic defects, and cellular plasticity. The evolution of mutation detection techniques, encompassing clinical predictions, experimental approaches, and computational methods, was investigated. Strategies to enhance drug efficacy, modify pharmacokinetics, optimizoptimizee binding modes, and explore alternate protein folding states were examined.

    RESULTS: The study comprehensively overviews the intricate mechanisms contributing to cancer drug resistance. It outlines the progression of mutation detection methods and underscores the importance of interdisciplinary approaches. Strategies to overcome drug resistance challenges, such as modulating ATP-binding cassette transporters and developing multidrug resistance inhibitors, are discussed. The study underscores the critical need for continued research to enhance cancer treatment efficacy.

    CONCLUSION: This study provides valuable insights into the complexity of cancer drug resistance mechanisms, highlights evolving detection methods, and offers potential strategies to enhance treatment outcomes.

    Matched MeSH terms: Drug Resistance, Multiple/genetics; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
  4. IL-8 and PI3K pathway influence the susceptibility of TRAIL-sensitive colorectal cancer cells to TRAIL-induced cell death
    Jong KXJ, Mohamed EHM, Syafruddin SE, Faruqu FN, Vellasamy KM, Ibrahim K, et al.
    Mol Biol Rep, 2024 Sep 13;51(1):978.
    PMID: 39269555 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09895-7
    BACKGROUND: Tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is an apoptosis inducer that exhibits an ideal therapeutic safety profile with less adverse effects than conventional chemotherapy. However, the occurrence of TRAIL resistance has been reported in various cancers including colorectal cancer (CRC). Substantial efforts have been channelled towards managing TRAIL resistance including identifying molecular targets. Interleukins (ILs) have been recently shown to play critical roles in modulating TRAIL sensitivity in cancer cells.

    METHODS AND RESULTS: This study investigated the roles of two ILs, IL-8 and IL⍺, in TRAIL resistance in CRC. TRAIL-resistant HT-29 and TRAIL-sensitive HCT 116 cells, were treated with human recombinant IL-8 and IL-1⍺. The results indicated that treatment with IL-8 (2.5 ng/mL) significantly protected TRAIL-sensitive HCT 116 cells from TRAIL-induced cell death (p 

    Matched MeSH terms: Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/drug effects; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
  5. Fulltext A prospective study of tuberculosis drug susceptibility in Sabah, Malaysia, and an algorithm for management of isoniazid resistance
    Rashid Ali MR, Parameswaran U, William T, Bird E, Wilkes CS, Lee WK, et al.
    J Trop Med, 2015;2015:261925.
    PMID: 25838829 DOI: 10.1155/2015/261925
    Introduction. The burden of tuberculosis is high in eastern Malaysia, and rates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis drug resistance are poorly defined. Our objectives were to determine M. tuberculosis susceptibility and document management after receipt of susceptibility results.
    Methods. Prospective study of adult outpatients with smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in Sabah, Malaysia. Additionally, hospital clinicians accessed the reference laboratory for clinical purposes during the study.
    Results. 176 outpatients were enrolled; 173 provided sputum samples. Mycobacterial culture yielded M. tuberculosis in 159 (91.9%) and nontuberculous Mycobacterium (NTM) in three (1.7%). Among outpatients there were no instances of multidrug resistant M. tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Seven people (4.5%) had isoniazid resistance (INH-R); all were switched to an appropriate second-line regimen for varying durations (4.5-9 months). Median delay to commencement of the second-line regimen was 13 weeks. Among 15 inpatients with suspected TB, 2 had multidrug resistant TB (one extensively drug resistant), 2 had INH-R, and 4 had NTM.
    Conclusions. Current community rates of MDR-TB in Sabah are low. However, INH-resistance poses challenges, and NTM is an important differential diagnosis in this setting, where smear microscopy is the usual diagnostic modality. To address INH-R management issues in our setting, we propose an algorithm for the treatment of isoniazid-resistant PTB.
    Study site: Tuberculosis clinic, Klinik Kesihatan Luyang, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
    Matched MeSH terms: Drug Resistance, Bacterial*
  6. Shotgun metagenomics reveals a heterogeneous prokaryotic community and a wide array of antibiotic resistance genes in mangrove sediment
    Imchen M, Kumavath R
    FEMS Microbiol Ecol, 2020 10 01;96(10).
    PMID: 32845305 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiaa173
    Saline tolerant mangrove forests partake in vital biogeochemical cycles. However, they are endangered due to deforestation as a result of urbanization. In this study, we have carried out a metagenomic snapshot of the mangrove ecosystem from five countries to assess its taxonomic, functional and antibiotic resistome structure. Chao1 alpha diversity varied significantly (P 90% relative abundance. Comparative analysis of mangrove with terrestrial and marine ecosystems revealed the strongest heterogeneity in the mangrove microbial community. We also observed that the mangrove community shared similarities to both the terrestrial and marine microbiome, forming a link between the two contrasting ecosystems. The antibiotic resistant genes (ARG) resistome was comprised of nineteen level 3 classifications dominated by multidrug resistance efflux pumps (46.7 ± 4.3%) and BlaR1 family regulatory sensor-transducer disambiguation (25.2 ± 4.8%). ARG relative abundance was significantly higher in Asian countries and in human intervention datasets at a global scale. Our study shows that the mangrove microbial community and its antibiotic resistance are affected by geography as well as human intervention and are unique to the mangrove ecosystem. Understanding changes in the mangrove microbiome and its ARG is significant for sustainable development and public health.
    Matched MeSH terms: Drug Resistance, Microbial/genetics
  7. Rising horizon in circumventing multidrug resistance in chemotherapy with nanotechnology
    Choudhury H, Pandey M, Yin TH, Kaur T, Jia GW, Tan SQL, et al.
    Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl, 2019 Aug;101:596-613.
    PMID: 31029353 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.04.005
    Multidrug resistance (MDR) is one of the key barriers in chemotherapy, leading to the generation of insensitive cancer cells towards administered therapy. Genetic and epigenetic alterations of the cells are the consequences of MDR, resulted in drug resistivity, which reflects in impaired delivery of cytotoxic agents to the cancer site. Nanotechnology-based nanocarriers have shown immense shreds of evidence in overcoming these problems, where these promising tools handle desired dosage load of hydrophobic chemotherapeutics to facilitate designing of safe, controlled and effective delivery to specifically at tumor microenvironment. Therefore, encapsulating drugs within the nano-architecture have shown to enhance solubility, bioavailability, drug targeting, where co-administered P-gp inhibitors have additionally combat against developed MDR. Moreover, recent advancement in the stimuli-sensitive delivery of nanocarriers facilitates a tumor-targeted release of the chemotherapeutics to reduce the associated toxicities of chemotherapeutic agents in normal cells. The present article is focused on MDR development strategies in the cancer cell and different nanocarrier-based approaches in circumventing this hurdle to establish an effective therapy against deadliest cancer disease.
    Matched MeSH terms: Drug Resistance, Multiple; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
  8. Fulltext High prevalence of antimicrobial resistance and multidrug resistance among bacterial isolates from diseased pets: Retrospective laboratory data (2015-2017)
    Haulisah NA, Hassan L, Jajere SM, Ahmad NI, Bejo SK
    PLoS One, 2022;17(12):e0277664.
    PMID: 36477195 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277664
    Laboratory surveillance and the monitoring of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) trends and patterns among local isolates have been highly effective in providing comprehensive information for public health decision-making. A total of 396 cases along with 449 specimens were received for antibiotic susceptibility testing at a public university veterinary diagnostic laboratory in Malaysia between 2015 and 2017. Escherichia coli was the most frequently isolated (n = 101, 13%) bacteria, followed by Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (n = 97, 12%) and Streptococcus canis (n = 62, 8%). In cats, S. pseudintermedius isolates were highly resistant to azithromycin (90%), while the E. coli isolates were highly resistant to doxycycline (90%), tetracycline (81%), and cephalexin (75%). About 55% of S. pseudintermedius and 82% of E. coli were multi-drug resistant (MDR). In dogs, S. intermedius isolates were highly resistant to aminoglycosides neomycin (90.9%) and gentamicin (84.6%), and tetracycline (75%). Whereas the E. coli isolates were highly resistant to cephalexin (82.1%) and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (76.5%). MDR was observed in 60% of S. intermedius and 72% of E. coli from dogs. Generally, the bacterial isolates from cats demonstrated higher levels of resistance to multiple antibiotics compared to those from dogs.
    Matched MeSH terms: Drug Resistance, Multiple; Drug Resistance, Bacterial
  9. Fulltext Evidence for action: a One Health learning platform on interventions to tackle antimicrobial resistance
    Wernli D, Jørgensen PS, Parmley EJ, Troell M, Majowicz S, Harbarth S, et al.
    Lancet Infect Dis, 2020 Dec;20(12):e307-e311.
    PMID: 32853549 DOI: 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30392-3
    Improving evidence for action is crucial to tackle antimicrobial resistance. The number of interventions for antimicrobial resistance is increasing but current research has major limitations in terms of efforts, methods, scope, quality, and reporting. Moving the agenda forwards requires an improved understanding of the diversity of interventions, their feasibility and cost-benefit, the implementation factors that shape and underpin their effectiveness, and the ways in which individual interventions might interact synergistically or antagonistically to influence actions against antimicrobial resistance in different contexts. Within the efforts to strengthen the global governance of antimicrobial resistance, we advocate for the creation of an international One Health platform for online learning. The platform will synthesise the evidence for actions on antimicrobial resistance into a fully accessible database; generate new scientific insights into the design, implementation, evaluation, and reporting of the broad range of interventions relevant to addressing antimicrobial resistance; and ultimately contribute to the goal of building societal resilience to this central challenge of the 21st century.
    Matched MeSH terms: Drug Resistance, Bacterial*
  10. Fulltext Chloroquine-resistant malaria in West Malaysia
    McKelvey TP, Lundie AR, Williams ED, Moore HS, Worsley DE
    Br Med J, 1968 Dec 14;4(5632):703-4.
    PMID: 5723393
    Matched MeSH terms: Drug Resistance, Microbial*
  11. Fulltext Diagnostic performance of Xpert MTB/RIF ultra in detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Rifampicin Resistance in AFB Smear-negative Pulmonary and Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis samples in Malaysia
    Noor AM, Ghazali SM, Bakar ZA, Ruzan IN
    Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis, 2024 Jun;109(2):116230.
    PMID: 38507965 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116230
    Rapid and highly accurate diagnostic tools are critically needed to diagnose Mycobacterium tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance in AFB smear-negative samples. In this study, we evaluated the diagnostic performance of Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra (Ultra) as a rapid test to diagnose tuberculosis in smear-negative cases in Malaysia. A retrospective study of 1960 smear-negative pulmonary and extrapulmonary samples obtained from patients was conducted. Culture was used as the reference standard for the study. The overall sensitivity and specificity of Ultra on the tested samples were 88.7 % and 77.2 %, respectively, while the PPV was 32.3 % and the NPV was 98.2 %. Ultra showed slightly higher sensitivity in pulmonary (89.9 %) compared to extrapulmonary samples (86.1 %). The overall accuracy of Ultra was 78.5 % (kappa=0.37; 95 %CI: 0.32,0.42). Ultra showed good diagnostic accuracy for detecting MTB and rifampicin resistance in various AFB smear-negative samples. Ultra also had excellent capability in rifampicin resistance detection.
    Matched MeSH terms: Drug Resistance, Bacterial*
  12. Fulltext Evaluation of the binding interactions between Plasmodium falciparum Kelch-13 mutant recombinant proteins with artemisinin
    Md Yusuf N, Azman AN, Abdul Aziz AA, Ahmad Fuad FA, Nasarudin RN, Hisam S
    PLoS One, 2024;19(8):e0306975.
    PMID: 39146276 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0306975
    Malaria, an ancient mosquito-borne illness caused by Plasmodium parasites, is mostly treated with Artemisinin Combination Therapy (ACT). However, Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) mutations in the P. falciparum Kelch 13 (PfK13) protein have been associated with artemisinin resistance (ART-R). Therefore, this study aims to generate PfK13 recombinant proteins incorporating of two specific SNPs mutations, PfK13-V494I and PfK13-N537I, and subsequently analyze their binding interactions with artemisinin (ART). The recombinant proteins of PfK13 mutations and the Wild Type (WT) variant were expressed utilizing a standard protein expression protocol with modifications and subsequently purified via IMAC and confirmed with SDS-PAGE analysis and Orbitrap tandem mass spectrometry. The binding interactions between PfK13-V494I and PfK13-N537I propeller domain proteins ART were assessed through Isothermal Titration Calorimetry (ITC) and subsequently validated using fluorescence spectrometry. The protein concentrations obtained were 0.3 mg/ml for PfK13-WT, 0.18 mg/ml for PfK13-V494I, and 0.28 mg/ml for PfK13-N537I. Results obtained for binding interaction revealed an increased fluorescence intensity in the mutants PfK13-N537I (83 a.u.) and PfK13-V494I (143 a.u.) compared to PfK13-WT (33 a.u.), indicating increased exposure of surface proteins because of the looser binding between PfK13 protein mutants with ART. This shows that the PfK13 mutations may induce alterations in the binding interaction with ART, potentially leading to reduced effectiveness of ART and ultimately contributing to ART-R. However, this study only elucidated one facet of the contributing factors that could serve as potential indicators for ART-R and further investigation should be pursued in the future to comprehensively explore this complex mechanism of ART-R.
    Matched MeSH terms: Drug Resistance/genetics
  13. A Focal Form of Diazoxide-resistant Congenital Hyperinsulinism with Good Response to Long-acting Somatostatin
    Hussain S, Mohd Fezal NS, Flanagan S
    J ASEAN Fed Endocr Soc, 2024;39(2):108-111.
    PMID: 39620188 DOI: 10.15605/jafes.039.02.03
    A four-year-old female who was born term via spontaneous vaginal delivery (SVD) with a birth weight of 3.4 kg had an onset of persistent hypoglycaemia at the 6th hour of life. She was diagnosed with congenital hyperinsulinism based on high glucose load, negative ketone and a good response to glucagon. Genetic workup revealed the presence of ATP Binding Cassette Subfamily C Member 8 (ABCC8 genes) mutation which indicated a focal form of congenital hyperinsulinism. She was resistant to the standard dose of oral diazoxide but responded to subcutaneous somatostatin. At the age of 3 years and 6 months, multiple daily injections of somatostatin were replaced with a long-acting monthly somatostatin analogue. With the present treatment, she had better glycaemic control, normal growth and was able to stop tube feeding.
    Matched MeSH terms: Drug Resistance/genetics
  14. Charting the global footprint of borderline oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (BORSA): the first systematic review and meta-analysis
    Engku Abd Rahman ENS, Irekeola AA, Yamin D, Elmi AH, Chan YY
    PeerJ, 2024;12:e18604.
    PMID: 39703916 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.18604
    Borderline oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (BORSA) has been a persistent yet under-researched concern in the realm of antibiotic resistance, characterized by unique resistance mechanisms and potential for severe infections. This systematic review and meta-analysis consolidates data from 29 studies encompassing 18,781 samples, revealing a global BORSA prevalence of 6.6% (95% CI [4.0-10.7]). The highest prevalence was found in animals (46.3%), followed by food (8.9%), and humans (5.1%). Notably, significant regional disparities were observed, with Brazil exhibiting the highest prevalence at 70.0%, while The Netherlands reported just 0.5%. These findings underscore the multifaceted nature of BORSA epidemiology, influenced by local antibiotic usage practices and healthcare infrastructures. The analysis also reveals substantial heterogeneity (I2 = 96.802%), highlighting the need for improved reporting practices and tailored surveillance protocols that account for the specific contexts of each study. As antibiotic resistance continues to escalate, understanding BORSA's global footprint is crucial for informing targeted interventions and optimizing antibiotic stewardship programs. This study fills critical gaps in current knowledge of BORSA and highlights the need for coordinated efforts among researchers, healthcare providers, and policymakers to develop effective strategies for addressing the rising threat of antibiotic-resistant pathogens like BORSA, including further exploration of its genetic and phenotypic characteristics.
    Matched MeSH terms: Drug Resistance, Bacterial/drug effects
  15. Current trends in the epidemiology of multidrug-resistant and beta-lactamase-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Asia and Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    Salleh MZ, Nik Zuraina NMN, Deris ZZ, Mohamed Z
    PeerJ, 2025;13:e18986.
    PMID: 40017659 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.18986
    Pseudomonas aeruginosa continues to be a significant contributor to high morbidity and mortality rates worldwide, particularly due to its role in severe infections such as hospital-acquired conditions, including ventilator-associated pneumonia and various sepsis syndromes. The global increase in antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) P. aeruginosa strains has made these infections more difficult to treat, by limiting the effective drug options available. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to provide an updated summary of the prevalence of AMR P. aeruginosa over the past 5 years. A systematic search was performed across three major electronic databases-PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science-yielding 40 eligible studies published between 2018 and 2023. Using a random-effects model, our meta-analysis estimated that the overall prevalence of P. aeruginosa in Asia and Africa over the past 5 years was 22.9% (95% CI [14.4-31.4]). The prevalence rates for multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) P. aeruginosa strains were found to be 46.0% (95% CI [37.1-55.0]) and 19.6% (95% CI [4.3-34.9]), respectively. Furthermore, the prevalence rates of extended-spectrum β-lactamase- and metallo-β-lactamase-producing P. aeruginosa were 33.4% (95% CI [23.6-43.2]) and 16.0% (95% CI [9.8-22.3]), respectively. Notably, resistance rates to β-lactams used for treating pseudomonal infections were alarmingly high, with rates between 84.4% and 100.0% for cephalosporins, and over 40% of P. aeruginosa isolates showed resistance to penicillins. Our analysis identified the lowest resistance rates for last-resort antimicrobials, with 0.3% (95% CI [0.0-1.3]) resistance to polymyxin B and 5.8% (95% CI [1.5-10.2]) to colistin/polymyxin E. The low resistance rates to polymyxins suggest that these antibiotics remain effective against MDR P. aeruginosa. However, the findings also highlight the critical public health threat posed by antimicrobial-resistant P. aeruginosa, particularly concerning β-lactam antibiotics. This underscores the need for effective and carefully planned intervention strategies, including the development of new antibiotics to address the growing challenge of resistance. Developing robust antibiotic treatment protocols is essential for better management and control of pseudomonal infections globally. Therefore, continued research and international collaboration is vital to tackle this escalating public health challenge. This study protocol was registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO), under registration number CRD42023412839.
    Matched MeSH terms: Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial*
  16. The Potential of β Carbolin Alkaloids to Hinder Growth and Reverse Chloroquine Resistance in Plasmodium falciparum
    Ibraheem ZO, Abdul Majid R, Mohd Noor S, Mohd Sidek H, Basir R
    Iran J Parasitol, 2015 Oct-Dec;10(4):577-83.
    PMID: 26811724
    Nowadays, scourge of malaria as a fatalistic disease has increased due to emergence of drug resistance and tolerance among different strains of Plasmodium falciparum. Emergence of chloroquine (CQ) resistance has worsened the calamity as CQ is still considered the most efficient, safe and cost effective drug among other antimalarials. This urged the scientists to search for other alternatives or sensitizers that may be able to augment CQ action and reverse its resistance.
    Matched MeSH terms: Drug Resistance
  17. Conodiparines A-D, new bisindoles from Tabernaemontana. Reversal of vincristine-resistance with cultured cells
    Kam TS, Sim KM, Koyano T, Toyoshima M, Hayashi M, Komiyama K
    Bioorg Med Chem Lett, 1998 Jul 07;8(13):1693-6.
    PMID: 9873417
    Four new bisindoles of the vobasine-iboga type, conodiparines A-D were obtained from Tabernaemontana corymbosa which showed appreciable activity in reversing resistance in vincristine-resistant KB cells.
    Matched MeSH terms: Drug Resistance, Multiple*; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm*
  18. The role of artificial intelligence in the battle against antimicrobial-resistant bacteria
    Lau HJ, Lim CH, Foo SC, Tan HS
    Curr Genet, 2021 Jun;67(3):421-429.
    PMID: 33585980 DOI: 10.1007/s00294-021-01156-5
    Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in bacteria is a global health crisis due to the rapid emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria and the lengthy development of new antimicrobials. In light of this, artificial intelligence in the form of machine learning has been viewed as a potential counter to delay the spread of AMR. With the aid of AI, there are possibilities to predict and identify AMR in bacteria efficiently. Furthermore, a combination of machine learning algorithms and lab testing can help to accelerate the process of discovering new antimicrobials. To date, many machine learning algorithms for antimicrobial-resistance discovery had been created and vigorously validated. Most of these algorithms produced accurate results and outperformed the traditional methods which relied on sequence comparison within a database. This mini-review will provide an updated overview of antimicrobial design workflow using the latest machine-learning antimicrobial discovery algorithms in the last 5 years. With this review, we hope to improve upon the current AMR identification and antimicrobial development techniques by introducing the use of AI into the mix, including how the algorithms could be made more effective.
    Matched MeSH terms: Drug Resistance, Multiple/genetics; Drug Resistance, Bacterial/genetics*
  19. Fulltext Poor peer support as a predictive factor towards depression among adolescent
    Norfazilah, A., Hafizah, Z., Siti Zubaidah, Azmawati, M.N.
    Medicine & Health, 2015;10(1):48-57.
    MyJurnal
    Kebelakangan ini, tanda-tanda kemurungan dalam kalangan remaja semakin meningkat. Kajian ini dijalankan untuk menentukan prevalens kemurungan dan faktor-faktor ramalan. Satu kajian keratan rentas telah dijalankan 191 remaja yang terpilih secara rawak dan terdiri daripada pelajar tingkatan empat dari lima buah sekolah menengah di negeri Selangor, Malaysia. Satu soal selidik yang terdiri daripada enam bahagian (A) demografi, (B) tahap kemurungan, (C) hubungan keluarga, (D) tahap sokongan rakan sebaya, (E) harga diri, dan (F) pencapaian akademik telah diedarkan. Prevalen kemurungan adalah 50.3%. Analisis regresi logistik mendapati, remaja yang mempunyai masalah dengan rakan-rakan adalah lebih cenderung untuk mengalami kemurungan berbanding dengan mereka yang tidak mempunyai masalah dengan rakan-rakan mereka (aOR 2.84, 95% CI 1.50, 5.36). Kajian selanjutnya perlu meneliti faktor-faktor lain seperti tekanan daripada guru-guru untuk mengukuhkan pemahaman kita mengenai kemurungan di kalangan remaja. Diharapkan hasil kajian ini berguna kepada pelbagai pihak yang mengambil berat tentang masalah ini.
    Matched MeSH terms: Drug Resistance, Viral
  20. DRUG-RESISTANT FALCIPARUM MALARIA FROM CAMBODIA AND MALAYA
    CONTACOS PG, LUNN JS, COATNEY GR
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1963 Nov;57:417-24.
    PMID: 14081296
    Matched MeSH terms: Drug Resistance*; Drug Resistance, Microbial*
Related Terms
Filters
Contact Us

Please provide feedback to Administrator (afdal@afpm.org.my)

External Links