Displaying publications 541 - 560 of 651 in total

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  1. Fulltext Anti-EGFR anchored paclitaxel loaded PLGA nanoparticles for the treatment of triple negative breast cancer. In-vitro and in-vivo anticancer activities
    Venugopal V, Krishnan S, Palanimuthu VR, Sankarankutty S, Kalaimani JK, Karupiah S, et al.
    PLoS One, 2018;13(11):e0206109.
    PMID: 30408068 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206109
    The aim of the present study is to analyze the viability of anti-EGFR anchored immunonanoparticle (INP) bearing Paclitaxel (PTX) to specifically bind the EGFR protein on the TNBC cells. The NP was prepared by nanoprecipitation and characterized the particle size, charge, entrapment of drug and release of it. The anti-EGFR anchored and the integrity was confirmed by SDS-PAGE. Cytotoxicity and NPs cellular uptake was analyzed with MDA-MB-468 type cancer cells and the EGFR expression was confirmed by PCR, qualitatively and quantitatively. The in-vivo antitumor activity of INP was determined by using athymic mice model and targeting efficiency was measured by calculating the PTX accumulation in the tumor plasma. The prepared INP with the size of 336.3 nm and the charge of -3.48 mV showed sustained drug release upto 48 h. The INP showed significant reduction of cancer cell viability of 10.6% for 48 h with 93 fold higher PTX accumulation in the tumor plasma compared with NPs. Based on these reports, we recommend that anti-EGFR anchored PTX loaded NP may have the ability to target the TNBC cells and improve the therapeutic action and subsidize the side effects of PTX for the treatment of TNBC.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nanoparticles/chemistry
  2. Fulltext Sandwich Electrochemical Immunosensor for Early Detection of Tuberculosis Based on Graphene/Polyaniline-Modified Screen-Printed Gold Electrode
    Mohd Azmi UZ, Yusof NA, Kusnin N, Abdullah J, Suraiya S, Ong PS, et al.
    Sensors (Basel), 2018 Nov 14;18(11).
    PMID: 30441776 DOI: 10.3390/s18113926
    A rapid and sensitive sandwich electrochemical immunosensor was developed based on the fabrication of the graphene/polyaniline (GP/PANI) nanocomposite onto screen-printed gold electrode (SPGE) for detection of tuberculosis biomarker 10-kDa culture filtrate protein (CFP10). The prepared GP/PANI nanocomposite was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The chemical bonding and morphology of GP/PANI-modified SPGE were studied by Raman spectroscopy and FESEM coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, respectively. From both studies, it clearly showed that GP/PANI was successfully coated onto SPGE through drop cast technique. Cyclic voltammetry was used to study the electrochemical properties of the modified electrode. The effective surface area for GP/PANI-modified SPGE was enhanced about five times compared with bare SPGE. Differential pulse voltammetry was used to detect the CFP10 antigen. The GP/PANI-modified SPGE that was fortified with sandwich type immunosensor exhibited a wide linear range (20⁻100 ng/mL) with a low detection limit of 15 ng/mL. This proposed electrochemical immunosensor is sensitive, low sample volume, rapid and disposable, which is suitable for tuberculosis detection in real samples.
    Matched MeSH terms: Metal Nanoparticles/chemistry
  3. Fulltext Graphene-based hybrid nanoparticle of doxorubicin for cancer chemotherapy
    SreeHarsha N, Maheshwari R, Al-Dhubiab BE, Tekade M, Sharma MC, Venugopala KN, et al.
    Int J Nanomedicine, 2019;14:7419-7429.
    PMID: 31686814 DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S211224
    Background: Prostate cancer (PC) has the highest prevalence in men and accounts for a high rate of neoplasia-related death. Doxorubicin (DOX) is one of the most widely used anti-neoplastic drugs for prostate cancer among others. However, it has low specificity and many side effects and affects normal cells. More recently, there have been newly developed drug delivery tools which are graphene or graphene-based, used to increase the specificity of the delivered drug molecules. The graphene derivatives possess both π-π stacking and increased hydrophobicity, factors that increase the likelihood of drug delivery. Despite this, the hydrophilicity of graphene remains problematic, as it induced problems with stability. For this reason, the use of a chitosan coating remains one way to modify the surface features of graphene.

    Method: In this investigation, a hybrid nanoparticle that consisted of a DOX-loaded reduced graphene oxide that is stabilized with chitosan (rGOD-HNP) was developed.

    Result: The newly developed rGOD-HNP demonstrated high biocompatibility and efficiency in entrapping DOX (~65%) and releasing it in a controlled manner (~50% release in 48 h). Furthermore, it was also demonstrated that rGOD-HNP can intracellularly deliver DOX and more specifically in PC-3 prostate cancer cells.

    Conclusion: This delivery tool offers a feasible and viable method to deliver DOX photo-thermally in the treatment of prostate cancer.

    Matched MeSH terms: Nanoparticles/chemistry*
  4. A fluorescence quenching based gene assay for Escherichia coli O157:H7 using graphene quantum dots and gold nanoparticles
    Saad SM, Abdullah J, Rashid SA, Fen YW, Salam F, Yih LH
    Mikrochim Acta, 2019 11 19;186(12):804.
    PMID: 31745737 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-019-3913-8
    A fluorometric assay is described for highly sensitive quantification of Escherichia coli O157:H7. Reporter oligos were immobilized on graphene quantum dots (GQDs), and quencher oligos were immobilized on gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). Target DNA was co-hybridized with reporter oligos on the GQDs and quencher oligos on AuNPs. This triggers quenching of fluorescence (with excitation/emission peaks at 400 nm/530 nm). On introducing target into the system, fluorescence is quenched by up to 95% by 100 nM concentrations of target oligos having 20 bp. The response to the fliC gene of E. coli O157:H7 increases with the logarithm of the concentration in the range from 0.1 nM to 150 nM. The limit of detection is 1.1 ± 0.6 nM for n = 3. The selectivity and specificity of the assay was confirmed by evaluating the various oligos sequences and PCR product (fliC gene) amplified from genomic DNA of the food samples spiked with E. coli O157:H7. Graphical abstractSchematic representation of fluorometric assay for highly sensitive quantification of Escherichia coli O157:H7 based on fluorescence quenching gene assay for fliC gene of E. coli O157:H7.
    Matched MeSH terms: Metal Nanoparticles/chemistry*
  5. Enhanced photocatalysis and anticancer activity of green hydrothermal synthesized Ag@TiO2 nanoparticles
    Hariharan D, Thangamuniyandi P, Jegatha Christy A, Vasantharaja R, Selvakumar P, Sagadevan S, et al.
    J. Photochem. Photobiol. B, Biol., 2020 Jan;202:111636.
    PMID: 31739259 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2019.111636
    Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) have been doped with varying amounts (0.005, 0.010 and 0.015 M) of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) using hydrothermal method. Further, in this work, a green approach was followed for the formation of Ag@TiO2 NPs using Aloe vera gel as a capping and reducing agent. The structural property confirmed the presence of anatase phase TiO2. Increased peak intensity was observed while increasing the Ag concentration. Further, the morphological and optical properties have been studied, which confirmed the effective photocatalytic behavior of the prepared Ag@TiO2 NPs. The photocatalytic performance of Ag@TiO2 has been considered for the degradation of picric acid in the visible light region. The concentration at 0.010 M of the prepared Ag@TiO2 has achieved higher photocatalytic performance within 50 min, which could be attributed to its morphological behavior. Similarly, anticancer activity against lung cancer cell lines (A549) was also determined. The Ag@TiO2 NPs generated a large quantity of reactive oxygen species (ROS), resulting in complete cancer cell growth suppression after their systemic in vitro administration. Ag@TiO2 NPs was adsorbed visible light that leads to an enhanced anticancer sensitivity by killing and inhibiting cancer cell reproduction through cell viability assay test. It was clear that 0.015 M of Ag@TiO2 NPs were highly effective against human lung cancer cell lines and showed increased production of ROS in cancer cell lines due to the medicinal behavior of the Aloe vera gel.
    Matched MeSH terms: Metal Nanoparticles/chemistry*
  6. A facile ultrasonic-aided biosynthesis of ZnO nanoparticles using Vaccinium arctostaphylos L. leaf extract and its antidiabetic, antibacterial, and oxidative activity evaluation
    Bayrami A, Alioghli S, Rahim Pouran S, Habibi-Yangjeh A, Khataee A, Ramesh S
    Ultrason Sonochem, 2019 Jul;55:57-66.
    PMID: 31084791 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2019.03.010
    The synthesis of nanoparticles often result in the generation of harmful chemical pollutants. As such, many researchers have focused on developing green processes, which include the biosynthesis. In this research, ZnO nanoparticles were prepared using the leaf extract of whortleberry (Vaccinium arctostaphylos L.) via a simple ultrasonic-assisted method. The morphology, crystal size and structure, surface, thermal, and optical properties of the bio-mediated ZnO sample (ZnOext) were analyzed and compared with that produced without incorporating the extract (ZnOchem). The ZnO samples were evaluated for their antidiabetic, antibacterial, as well as their sono- and photo-catalytic performances. Initially, the samples were intraperitoneal injected to alloxan-diabetic rats to examine their treatment efficiency in terms of effects on fasting blood glucose, insulin, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, and total triglyceride levels. The ZnOext showed significantly higher efficiency for improving the health status of alloxan-diabetic rats in contrast with other tested treatments, vis. ZnOchem, insulin, and only leaf extract. In addition, both the ZnO samples were assessed against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria and through sono- and photo-catalytic processes for removing rhodamine B, respectively. The results of this study indicated that not only the ZnOext sample was pollution free, it also exhibited higher potentials for treating diabetic rats, bacterial decontamination, and also oxidative removal of organic compounds under the influences of ultrasound and UV irradiations when compared with ZnOchem sample.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nanoparticles/chemistry*
  7. Functionalizing the surface of hydroxyapatite drug carrier with carboxylic acid groups to modulate the loading and release of curcumin nanoparticles
    Lee WH, Loo CY, Rohanizadeh R
    Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl, 2019 Jun;99:929-939.
    PMID: 30889767 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.02.030
    This study has evaluated the effect of functionalizing surface charges of hydroxyapatite on the modulation of loading and release of curcumin nanoparticles. The increase in loading and release of curcumin nanoparticles indirectly translates to enhanced anti-cancer effect. Owing to the hydrophobic characteristics of curcumin which have resulted in low bioavailability in cancer cells, the engineering curcumin into nanoparticles is therefore a viable solution to overcomes its limitation. In order to maintain a sustained release profile of curcumin nanoparticles, curcumin nanoparticles were loaded (Cur-NPs) onto hydroxyapatite (HA) via physical adsorption. To regulate the adsorption capacity of Cur-NPs onto HA, we functionalized HA with different carboxylic acids (lactic acid, tartaric acid and citric acid). The presence of carboxylic groups on HA significantly affected the binding and the release profile of Cur-NPs. The effects of Cur-NPs loaded HA were evaluated on breast cancer cell line (MCF-7), which included cell proliferation, cellular uptake of Cur-NPs, apoptosis and cell cycle analysis. The results showed that carboxylic acid-functionalized HA demonstrated higher anti-proliferating activity and time dependent cytoplasmic uptake of Cur-NPs in MCF-7 cells compared to unmodified HA. In addition, Cur-NPs loaded on functionalized HA induced higher apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in MCF-7 cells compared to unmodified HA. The present study indicates that the delivery of Cur-NPs to breast cancer using carboxylic acid-functionalized HA carrier could improve their anti-cancer activities.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nanoparticles/chemistry*
  8. Synthesis and characterization of gold nanoparticles from aqueous leaf extract of Alternanthera sessilis and its anticancer activity on cervical cancer cells (HeLa)
    Qian L, Su W, Wang Y, Dang M, Zhang W, Wang C
    Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol, 2019 Dec;47(1):1173-1180.
    PMID: 30942109 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2018.1549064
    Cervical cancer is the third most common highest mortality in women worldwide. The use of standard chemotherapeutic drugs against cervical cancer patients received several side effects. Therefore, we focused phytoconsituents-mediated synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) considered as greatest attention in the treatment of cervical cancer. In this present study, we reported that green synthesis of AuNPs by using with Alternanthera Sessilis aqueous extract. Synthesis of AuNPs were characterized by UV visible spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), selected area diffraction pattern (SAED), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) and atomic force microscope. Synthesized AuNPs confirmed by the UV absorption maximum at 535 and crystal structure of gold AuNPs was further confirmed by EDX and SAED. TEM and atomic force microscopy images show the size and morphological distribution of nanoparticles. FTIR analysis was confirmed the hydroxyl groups, amine and alkaline groups of biomolecules are present in the AuNPs. Moreover, AuNPs induce cytotoxicity in cervical cancer cells and also induce apoptosis through modulating intrinsic apoptotic mechanisms in cervical cancer cells. This green synthesis of AuNPs from Alternanthera sessilis approach was easy, large scaled up and eco-friendly.
    Matched MeSH terms: Metal Nanoparticles/chemistry*
  9. Fulltext Cationic chitosan-propolis nanoparticles alter the zeta potential of S. epidermidis, inhibit biofilm formation by modulating gene expression and exhibit synergism with antibiotics
    Ong TH, Chitra E, Ramamurthy S, Ling CCS, Ambu SP, Davamani F
    PLoS One, 2019;14(2):e0213079.
    PMID: 30818374 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213079
    Staphylococcus epidermidis, is a common microflora of human body that can cause opportunistic infections associated with indwelling devices. It is resistant to multiple antibiotics necessitating the need for naturally occurring antibacterial agents. Malaysian propolis, a natural product obtained from beehives exhibits antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties. Chitosan-propolis nanoparticles (CPNP) were prepared using Malaysian propolis and tested for their effect against S. epidermidis. The cationic nanoparticles depicted a zeta potential of +40 and increased the net electric charge (zeta potential) of S. epidermidis from -17 to -11 mV in a concentration-dependent manner whereas, ethanol (Eth) and ethyl acetate (EA) extracts of propolis further decreased the zeta potential from -17 to -20 mV. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) depicted that CPNP effectively disrupted biofilm formation by S. epidermidis and decreased viability to ~25% compared to Eth and EA with viability of ~60-70%. CPNP was more effective in reducing the viability of both planktonic as well as biofilm bacteria compared to Eth and EA. At 100 μg/mL concentration, CPNP decreased the survival of biofilm bacteria by ~70% compared to Eth or EA extracts which decreased viability by only 40%-50%. The morphology of bacterial biofilm examined by scanning electron microscopy depicted partial disruption of biofilm by Eth and EA extracts and significant disruption by CPNP reducing bacterial number in the biofilm by ~90%. Real time quantitative PCR analysis of gene expression in treated bacteria showed that genes involved in intercellular adhesion such as IcaABCD, embp and other related genes were significantly downregulated by CPNP. In addition to having a direct inhibitory effect on the survival of S. epidermidis, CPNP showed synergism with the antibiotics rifampicin, ciprofloxacin, vancomycin and doxycycline suggestive of effective treatment regimens. This would help decrease antibiotic treatment dose by at least 4-fold in combination therapies thereby opening up ways of tackling antibiotic resistance in bacteria.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nanoparticles/chemistry
  10. Co-incorporation of graphene oxide/silver nanoparticle into poly-L-lactic acid fibrous: A route toward the development of cytocompatible and antibacterial coating layer on magnesium implants
    Bakhsheshi-Rad HR, Ismail AF, Aziz M, Akbari M, Hadisi Z, Khoshnava SM, et al.
    Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl, 2020 Jun;111:110812.
    PMID: 32279830 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.110812
    Magnesium (Mg) alloys present great potential for the development of orthopedic implants, whereas, their high degradation rate and poor antibacterial performance have restricted orthopedic applications. In this work, PLLA/GO-AgNP (poly-L-lactic acid/graphene oxide- silver nanoparticle) with different concentration of GO-AgNPs were deposited on Mg alloy via electrospinning method for enhancement of corrosion resistance and antibacterial performance. The result revealed that incorporation of GO into PLLA fibrous considerably slowed down the degradation rate of Mg alloy substrate and reduced the H2 release rate from the substrate. Also, co-incorporation of GO and AgNPs into PLLA fibrous resulted in substantial escalate in compressive strength after immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF). Antibacterial activity test exhibited that Mg alloy and neat PLLA fibrous presented minimal inhibition area toward Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). In contrast, using PLLA/GO-AgNPs fibrous improved antibacterial performance against both bacteria. Cytocompatibility results indicated that PLLA/GO-AgNPs fibrous with a low amount of GO-AgNPs enhanced cell proliferation and growth while high co-incorporation of GO-AgNPs showed a negative effect on cell proliferation. Taken together, PLLA/1GO-AgNPs fibrous coating shows suitable corrosion resistance, cytocompatibility, and antibacterial function for use in orthopedic applications.
    Matched MeSH terms: Metal Nanoparticles/chemistry*
  11. Antibacterial and antioxidant potential of biosynthesized copper nanoparticles mediated through Cissus arnotiana plant extract
    Rajeshkumar S, Menon S, Venkat Kumar S, Tambuwala MM, Bakshi HA, Mehta M, et al.
    J. Photochem. Photobiol. B, Biol., 2019 Aug;197:111531.
    PMID: 31212244 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2019.111531
    Environment friendly methods for the synthesis of copper nanoparticles have become a valuable trend in the current scenario. The utilization of phytochemicals from plant extracts has become a unique technology for the synthesis of nanoparticles, as they possess dual nature of reducing and capping agents to the nanoparticles. In the present investigation we have synthesized copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) using a rare medicinal plant Cissus arnotiana and evaluated their antibacterial activity against gram negative and gram positive bacteria. The morphology and characterization of the synthesized CuNPs were studied and done using UV-Visible spectroscopy at a wavelength range of 350-380 nm. XRD studies were performed for analyzing the crystalline nature; SEM and TEM for evaluating the spherical shape within the size range of 60-90 nm and AFM was performed to check the surface roughness. The biosynthesized CuNPs showed better antibacterial activity against the gram-negative bacteria, E. coli with an inhibition zone of 22.20 ± 0.16 mm at 75 μg/ml. The antioxidant property observed was comparatively equal with the standard antioxidant agent ascorbic acid at a maximum concentration of 40 μg/ ml. This is the first study reported on C. arnotiana mediated biosynthesis of copper nanoparticles, where we believe that the findings can pave way for a new direction in the field of nanotechnology and nanomedicine where there is a significant potential for antibacterial and antioxidant activities. We predict that, these could lead to an exponential increase in the field of biomedical applications, with the utilization of green synthesized CuNPs, due to its remarkable properties. The highest antibacterial property was observed with gram-negative strains mainly, E. coli, due to its thin peptidoglycan layer and electrostatic interactions between the bacterial cell wall and CuNPs surfaces. Hence, CuNPs can be potent therapeutic agents in several biomedical applications, which are yet to be explored in the near future.
    Matched MeSH terms: Metal Nanoparticles/chemistry*
  12. Rabdosia rubescens Linn: green synthesis of gold nanoparticles and their anticancer effects against human lung cancer cells A549
    Zhang X, Tan Z, Jia K, Zhang W, Dang M
    Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol, 2019 Dec;47(1):2171-2178.
    PMID: 31159596 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2019.1620249
    Nanomedicine is a rapidly emerging field and is reported to be a promising tool for treating various diseases. Green synthesized nanoparticles are documented to possess a potent anticancer effect. Rabdosia rubescens is a Chinese plant which is also one of the components of PC-SPES and used to treat prostate cancer. In the present study, we synthesized the gold nanoparticles from R. rubescens (RR-AuNP) and analyzed its anticancer activity against the lung carcinoma A549 cell lines. Since lung cancer is reported to be with increased morbidity and decreased survival rate. The biosynthesized RR-AuNP were confirmed using UV-Visible spectrophotometer, size and shape of RR-AuNP were assessed by DLS, TEM and EDX. The biomolecules present in RR-AuNP and its topographical structure were detected using FTIR, SAED and AFM analysis. MTT assay was performed to detect the IC50 dose of RR-AuNP and its apoptotic effect was assessed by detecting the caspases activation, ROS generation. The anticancer effect of RR-AuNP was confirmed by DAPI staining, TUNEL assay and its molecular mechanism were confirmed by assessing the apoptotic signalling molecules protein expression. Our results illustrate that RR-AuNP showed a strong absorption peak at 550 nm and the RRAuNP were polydispersed nanospheres with size of 130 nm. RR-AuNP IC50 dose against A549 lung carcinoma cell line was detected to be at 25 µg/ml. The results of DAPI staining, TUNEL and immunoblotting analysis confirms both the 25 µg/ml and 50 µg/ml of RR-AuNP possess potent anticancer and apoptotic effect, suggesting that RR-AuNP that it may be a persuasive molecule to treat lung cancer.
    Matched MeSH terms: Metal Nanoparticles/chemistry*
  13. Fulltext Synthesis of silver nanoparticle-decorated hydroxyapatite nanocomposite with combined bioactivity and antibacterial properties
    Bee SL, Bustami Y, Ul-Hamid A, Lim K, Abdul Hamid ZA
    J Mater Sci Mater Med, 2021 Aug 23;32(9):106.
    PMID: 34426879 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-021-06590-y
    Combination of bioactive material such as hydroxyapatite (HAp) with antibacterial agents would have great potential to be used as bone implant materials to avert possible bacterial infection that can lead to implant-associated diseases. The present study aimed to develop an antibacterial silver nanoparticle-decorated hydroxyapatite (HAp/AgNPs) nanocomposite using chemical reduction and thermal calcination approaches. In this work, natural HAp that was extracted from chicken bone wastes is used as support matrix for the deposition of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) to produce HAp/AgNPs nanocomposite. XRD, FESEM-EDX, HRTEM, and XPS analyses confirmed that spherical AgNPs were successfully synthesized and deposited on the surface of HAp particles, and the amount of AgNPs adhered on the HAp surface increased with increasing AgNO3 concentration used. The synthesized HAp/AgNPs nanocomposites demonstrated strong antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, where the antibacterial efficiency is relied on the amount and size of deposited AgNPs. In addition, the in vitro bioactivity examination in Hank's balanced salt solution showed that more apatite were grown on the surface of HAp/AgNPs nanocomposite when AgNO3 concentration used >1 wt.%. Such nanocomposite with enhanced bioactivity and antibacterial properties emerged as a promising biomaterial to be applied for dentistry and orthopedic implantology.
    Matched MeSH terms: Metal Nanoparticles/chemistry*
  14. Dual Drugs Anticancer Nanoformulation using Graphene Oxide-PEG as Nanocarrier for Protocatechuic Acid and Chlorogenic Acid
    Bullo S, Buskaran K, Baby R, Dorniani D, Fakurazi S, Hussein MZ
    Pharm Res, 2019 Apr 24;36(6):91.
    PMID: 31020429 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-019-2621-8
    BACKGROUND: The chemotherapy of cancer has been complicated by poor bioavailability, adverse side effects, high dose requirement, drug resistance and low therapeutic indices. Cancer cells have different ways to inhibit the chemotherapeutic drugs, use of dual/multiple anticancer agents may be achieve better therapeutic effects in particular for drug resistant tumors. Designing a biocompatible delivery system, dual or multiple drugs could addressing these chemotherapy drawbacks and it is the focus of many current biomedical research.

    METHODS: In the present study, graphene oxide-polyethylene glycol (GOPEG) nanocarrier is designed and loaded with two anticancer drugs; Protocatechuic acid (PCA) and Chlorogenic acid (CA). The designed anticancer nanocomposite was further coated with folic acid to target the cancer cells, as their surface membranes are overexpressed with folate receptors.

    RESULTS: The particle size distribution of the designed nanocomposite was found to be narrow, 9-40 nm. The release profiles of the loaded drugs; PCA and CA was conducted in human body simulated PBS solutions of pH 7.4 (blood pH) and pH 4.8 (intracellular lysosomal pH). Anticancer properties were evaluated against cancerous cells i.e. liver cancer, HEPG2 and human colon cancer, HT-29 cells. The cytocompatbility was assessed on normal 3T3 fibroblasts cells.

    CONCLUSION: The size of the final designed anticancer nanocomposite formulation, GOPEG-PCACA-FA was found to be distributed at 9-40 nm with a median of 8 nm. The in vitro release of the drugs PCA and CA was found to be of sustained manner which took more than 100 h for the release. Furthermore, the designed formulation was biocompatible with normal 3T3 cells and showed strong anticancer activity against liver and colon cancer cells.

    Matched MeSH terms: Nanoparticles/chemistry*
  15. Design, characterization, and evaluation of intranasal delivery of ropinirole-loaded mucoadhesive nanoparticles for brain targeting
    Jafarieh O, Md S, Ali M, Baboota S, Sahni JK, Kumari B, et al.
    Drug Dev Ind Pharm, 2015;41(10):1674-81.
    PMID: 25496439 DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2014.991400
    Parkinson disease (PD) is a common, progressive neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by marked depletion of striatal dopamine and degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nanoparticles/chemistry*
  16. Fulltext Biogenic silver nanoparticles using Rhinacanthus nasutus leaf extract: synthesis, spectral analysis, and antimicrobial studies
    Pasupuleti VR, Prasad TN, Shiekh RA, Balam SK, Narasimhulu G, Reddy CS, et al.
    Int J Nanomedicine, 2013;8:3355-64.
    PMID: 24039419 DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S49000
    Nanotechnology is gaining momentum due to its ability to transform metals into nanoparticles. The synthesis, characterization, and applications of biologically synthesized nanomaterials have become an important branch of nanotechnology. Plant extracts are a cost-effective, ecologically friendly, and efficient alternative for the large-scale synthesis of nanoparticles. In this study, silver nanoparticles (AgNps) were synthesized using Rhinacanthus nasutus leaf extract. After exposing the silver ions to the leaf extract, the rapid reduction of silver ions led to the formation of AgNps in solution. The synthesis was confirmed by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The in vitro antimicrobial activity of the AgNps synthesized using R. nasutus leaf extract was investigated against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia, Escherichia coli, Aspergillus niger, and Aspergillus flavus using a disc diffusion method. The AgNps showed potential activity against all of the bacterial strains and fungal colonies, indicating that R. nasutus has the potential to be used in the development of value-added products in the biomedical and nanotechnology-based industries.
    Matched MeSH terms: Metal Nanoparticles/chemistry*
  17. Molybdenum disulfide-gold nanoparticle nanocomposite in field-effect transistor back-gate for enhanced C-reactive protein detection
    Dalila NR, Arshad MKM, Gopinath SCB, Nuzaihan MNM, Fathil MFM
    Mikrochim Acta, 2020 10 05;187(11):588.
    PMID: 33015730 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-020-04562-7
    Nanofabricated gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) on MoS2 nanosheets (Au-NPs/MoS2) in back-gated field-effect transistor (BG-FET) are presented, which acts as an efficient semiconductor device for detecting a low concentration of C-reactive protein (C-RP). The decorated nanomaterials lead to an enhanced electron conduction layer on a 100-μm-sized transducing channel. The sensing surface was characterized by Raman spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and high-power microscopy (HPM). The BG-FET device exhibits an excellent limit of detection of 8.38 fg/mL and a sensitivity of 176 nA/g·mL-1. The current study with Au-NPs/MoS2 BG-FET displays a new potential biosensing technology; especially for integration into complementary metal oxide (CMOS) technology for hand-held future device application.
    Matched MeSH terms: Metal Nanoparticles/chemistry*
  18. Arabinoxylan/graphene-oxide/nHAp-NPs/PVA bionano composite scaffolds for fractured bone healing
    Aslam Khan MU, Haider A, Abd Razak SI, Abdul Kadir MR, Haider S, Shah SA, et al.
    J Tissue Eng Regen Med, 2021 04;15(4):322-335.
    PMID: 33432773 DOI: 10.1002/term.3168
    The importance of bone scaffolds has increased many folds in the last few years; however, during bone implantation, bacterial infections compromise the implantation and tissue regeneration. This work is focused on this issue while not compromising on the properties of a scaffold for bone regeneration. Biocomposite scaffolds (BS) were fabricated via the freeze-drying technique. The samples were characterized for structural changes, surface morphology, porosity, and mechanical properties through spectroscopic (Fourier transform-infrared [FT-IR]), microscopic (scanning electron microscope [SEM]), X-ray (powder X-ray diffraction and energy-dispersive X-ray), and other analytical (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, universal testing machine Instron) techniques. Antibacterial, cellular, and hemocompatibility assays were performed using standard protocols. FT-IR confirmed the interactions of all the components. SEM illustrated porous and interconnected porous morphology. The percentage porosity was in the range of 49.75%-67.28%, and the pore size was 215.65-470.87 µm. The pore size was perfect for cellular penetration. Thus, cells showed significant proliferation onto these scaffolds. X-ray studies confirmed the presence of nanohydroxyapatite and graphene oxide (GO). The cell viability was 85%-98% (BS1-BS3), which shows no significant toxicity of the biocomposite. Furthermore, the biocomposites exhibited better antibacterial activity, no effect on the blood clotting (normal in vitro blood clotting), and less than 5% hemolysis. The ultimate compression strength for the biocomposites increased from 4.05 to 7.94 with an increase in the GO content. These exciting results revealed that this material has the potential for possible application in bone tissue engineering.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nanoparticles/chemistry*
  19. A DNA biosensor based on gold nanoparticle decorated on carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes for gender determination of Arowana fish
    Saeedfar K, Heng LY, Chiang CP
    Bioelectrochemistry, 2017 Dec;118:106-113.
    PMID: 28780443 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2017.07.012
    Multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were modified to design a new DNA biosensor. Functionalized MWCNTs were equipped with gold nanoparticles (GNPs) (~15nm) (GNP-MWCNTCOOH) to construct DNA biosensors based on carbon-paste screen-printed (SPE) electrodes. GNP attachment onto functionalized MWCNTs was carried out by microwave irradiation and was confirmed by spectroscopic studies and surface analysis. DNA biosensors based on differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) were constructed by immobilizing thiolated single-stranded DNA probes onto GNP-MWCNTCOOH. Ruthenium (III) chloride hexaammoniate [Ru(NH3)6,2Cl(-)] (RuHex) was used as hybridization redox indicator. RuHex and MWCNT interaction was low in compared to other organic redox hybridization indicators. The linear response range for DNA determination was 1×10(-21) to 1×10(-9)M with a lower detection limit of 1.55×10(-21)M. Thus, the attachment of GNPs onto functionalized MWCNTs yielded sensitive DNA biosensor with low detection limit and stability more than 30days. Constructed electrode was used to determine gender of arowana fish.
    Matched MeSH terms: Metal Nanoparticles/chemistry*
  20. Enhancing biopharmaceutical performance of an anticancer drug by long chain PUFA based self-nanoemulsifying lipidic nanomicellar systems
    Khurana RK, Beg S, Burrow AJ, Vashishta RK, Katare OP, Kaur S, et al.
    Eur J Pharm Biopharm, 2017 Dec;121:42-60.
    PMID: 28887099 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2017.09.001
    The aim of this study was to develop polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) long chain glyceride (LCG) enriched self-nanoemulsifying lipidic nanomicelles systems (SNELS) for augmenting lymphatic uptake and enhancing oral bioavailability of docetaxel and compare its biopharmaceutical performance with a medium-chain fatty acid glyceride (MCG) SNELS. Equilibrium solubility and pseudo ternary phase studies facilitated the selection of suitable LCG and MCG. The critical material attributes (CMAs) and critical process parameters (CPPs) were earmarked using Placket-Burman Design (PBD) and Fractional Factorial Design (FFD) for LCG- and MCG-SNELS respectively, and nano micelles were subsequently optimized using I- and D-optimal designs. Desirability function unearthed the optimized SNELS with Temul <5min, Dnm <100nm, Rel15min >85% and Perm45min >75%. The SNELS demonstrated efficient biocompatibility and energy dependent cellular uptake, reduced P-gp efflux and increased permeability using bi-directional Caco-2 model. Optimal PUFA enriched LCG-SNELS exhibited distinctly superior permeability and absorption parameters during ex vivo permeation, in situ single pass intestinal perfusion, lymphatic uptake and in vivo pharmacokinetic studies over MCG-SNELS.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nanoparticles/chemistry*
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