MyMedR

Fulltext Missing Tooth: A New Technique to Maintain the Space for Prosthetic Replacement During Orthodontic Treatment - A Report of Two Cases

Radzi, Z., Yahya, N.A., Zamzam, N., Spencer, R.J.

Ann Dent, 2004;11(1):-.

MyJurnal

Missing teeth can be due to hypodontia, trauma or extraction. In general, the options for treatment depend on the severity of the hypodontia and the severity of the malocclusion. Occasionally, the space from missing teeth has to be maintained for prosthetic replacement and require an orthodontic/restorative approach. It is very important to ensure the space maintained is adequate for aesthetic reason so that it can be replaced with a prosthesis after the orthodontic treatment is completed. This article discusses a new innovation and clinical technique for maintaining this space during orthodontic treatment by using an acrylic tooth with several modifications. This innovation will be illustrated using two cases.

Matched MeSH terms: Malocclusion

Fulltext Pattern of crevicular Alkaline Phosphatase during orthodontic tooth movement: Leveling and alignment stage

Asma Alhusna Abang Abdullah, Rohaya Megat Abdul Wahab, Shahrul Hisham Zainal Ariffin

Sains Malaysiana, 2011;40(10):1147-1151.

Bone formation has been associated with the presence of an enzyme called alkaline phosphatase (ALP). This longitudinal study was carried out to observe its activity in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) during leveling and alignment stage of orthodontic fixed appliance treatment. Fourteen patients between the ages of 15 and 27 years old with moderate upper labial segment crowding were recruited from postgraduate orthodontic clinic. GCF from mesial and distal sites of upper canines were collected using endodontic paper point before the fixed appliance placement (week 0). The baseline level of ALP (week 0) acted as a control. Samplings of GCF were repeated at 1st, 2nd and 3rd week during orthodontic treatment. The activities of ALP were measured using spectrophotometer (405 nm). Paired sample t-test was used to assess the significance of difference over the 3 weeks. Although the results showed patterns of ALP activities on the test teeth throughout the 3 weeks of leveling and alignment stage, however the results were not significant (p >0.05) when compared to control. Therefore, it has been shown that there was no significant pattern of ALP activities in GCF in patients undergoing leveling and alignment stage of orthodontic treatment.

Matched MeSH terms: Malocclusion

Occlusal status in Asian male adults: prevalence and ethnic variation

Soh J, Sandham A, Chan YH

Angle Orthod, 2005 Sep;75(5):814-20.

PMID: 16279828

The purpose of this study was to determine the occlusal status in young Asian male adults of three ethnic groups. Study models of a sample of male army recruits (N = 339, age 17-22 years) with no history of orthodontic treatment were assessed. The ethnic proportions of the sample were Chinese 76.1% (n = 258), Malay 17.7% (n = 60), and Indian 6.2% (n = 21). British Standard Institute (BSI) and Angle's classification were used to determine incisor and molar relationships, respectively. Chi-square test or Fisher's Exact test was performed to compare the occlusal traits between ethnic groups. The distribution of incisor relationships of the total sample consisted of Class I = 48.1%, Class II/1 = 26.3%, Class II/2 = 3.2%, and Class III = 22.4%. Right Angle's molar relationships were 49.9%, 24.5%, and 24.2% whereas left Angle's molar relationships were 53.1%, 25.1%, and 21.2% for Class I, II, and III, respectively. Comparison between ethnic groups found that Indian subjects were more likely to have Class II/1 malocclusions and clinically missing permanent teeth (P < .05). The study found that the overall prevalence of malocclusion (BSI) was Class I, Class II/1, Class III, and Class II/2 in descending order of proportions. Angle's Class I molar was most prevalent followed by Class II and Class III relations. A significant difference in occlusal status between the ethnic groups was found regarding incisor relationship and missing permanent teeth (P < .05).

Matched MeSH terms: Malocclusion/ethnology*; Malocclusion/epidemiology

Analysis of activator treatment changes

Hashim HA

Aust Orthod J, 1991 Oct;12(2):100-4.

PMID: 1843791

The effects of functional appliance treatment have been reported in numerous studies in the literature with great variability in the findings. It is generally agreed that they can be used successfully to treat Class II malocclusions in growing and cooperative patients. However, there is a lack of consensus regarding the relative orthodontic and orthopedic correction obtained by functional appliances in Class II correction. Lateral cephalometric radiographs from a sample (n = 36) of patients who had undergone a phase of treatment with activator appliances were measured and analysed for changes using a modified version of the method described by Johnston (Hashim and Godfrey 1990). In this method, the treatment changes were broken down into: tooth movement relative to basal bone; and the translatory growth of the jaws, both with respect to the cranial base and to each other. The results show that the treatment effects were mainly dentoalveolar. There was a slight orthopedic effect on the maxilla, but no significant mandibular growth was observed, above that which can be expected from normal growth.

Matched MeSH terms: Malocclusion, Angle Class II/physiopathology*; Malocclusion, Angle Class II/therapy

Facial profile shape, malocclusion and palatal morphology in Malay obstructive sleep apnea patients

Banabilh SM, Samsudin AR, Suzina AH, Dinsuhaimi S

Angle Orthod, 2010 Jan;80(1):37-42.

PMID: 19852637 DOI: 10.2319/011509-26.1

To test the null hypothesis that there is no difference in facial profile shape, malocclusion class, or palatal morphology in Malay adults with and without obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

Matched MeSH terms: Malocclusion/classification*; Malocclusion/pathology; Malocclusion, Angle Class II/complications

Fulltext Comparison of self- and conventional-ligating brackets in the alignment stage

Wahab RM, Idris H, Yacob H, Ariffin SH

Eur J Orthod, 2012 Apr;34(2):176-81.

PMID: 21478298 DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cjq179

This prospective study investigated the difference in clinical efficiency between Damon™ 3 self-ligating brackets (SLB) compared with Mini Diamond conventional ligating brackets (CLBs) during tooth alignment in straightwire fixed appliance therapy. Twenty-nine patients (10 males and 19 females), aged between 14 and 30 years, were randomly divided into two groups: 14 patients received the SLB and 15 received the CLB. Upper arch impressions were taken for pre-treatment records (T(0)). A transpalatal arch was soldered to both maxillary first molar bands prior to extraction of the maxillary first premolars, followed by straightwire fixed appliances (0.022 × 0.028 inch). A 0.014 inch nickel titanium (NiTi) wire was used as the levelling and aligning archwire. Four monthly reviews were undertaken and impressions of the upper arch were taken at each appointment (T(1), T(2), T(3), and T(4)). Displacements of the teeth were determined using Little's irregularity index (LII). Data were analysed using the Mann-Whitney U-test. In the aligning stage, the CLB group showed significantly faster alignment of the teeth compared with the SLB group at the T(1)-T(2) interval (P < 0.05). However, there were no differences at T(2)-T(3), and T(3)-T(4) for either group (P > 0.05). The CLB group showed 98 per cent crowding alleviation compared with 67 per cent for the SLB after 4 months of alignment and levelling. Mini Diamond brackets aligned the teeth faster than Damon™ 3 but only during the first month. There was no difference in efficacy between the two groups in the later 3 weeks. Alleviation of crowding was faster with CLB than with SLB.

Matched MeSH terms: Malocclusion, Angle Class I/therapy; Malocclusion, Angle Class II/therapy

Fulltext Demographics characteristics and analysis of malocclusions of orthodontic patients seen at IIUM Dental Specialist Clinic, Kuantan, Pahang

Ismail, K., Ghazali@Suhaimi, S.S., Abu Bakar, N., Mokhtar, K.I., Kharuddin, A.F.

International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2017;16(2):107-111.

MyJurnal

Introduction: Malocclusion is one of the most common dental problems observed. Limited data is currently
available regarding the demographics of malocclusion observed locally.

Materials And Methods: This is a
retrospective study where 770 patients were recruited from May 2009 till December 2014. 560 orthodontic
study models that met the inclusion criteria were examined and the malocclusions were classified according
to the British Standard Institute (BSI) incisor classification. Demographic pattern and their relationship were
analysed by structural equation modelling using SPSS (version 23.0).

Results: From 560 study models
analysed, 72% were female. The age of the patients ranges from 7-12 years old (17.1%), 13-17 years old
(55.9%) and >18 years old (27.0%). Majority of the patients were Malay followed by Chinese (5.7%), Indian
(1.8%) and other races (1.8%) Treatments received were fixed appliances (FA) (60.0%), removable appliances
(RA) (12.5%), functional appliances (FnA) (1.1%), combination of RA and FA (16.1%), combination of FnA and
FA (2.1%) and consultation (8.2%). Types of malocclusions observed were Class I (25.7%), Class II/1(32.7%),
Class II/2 (7.5%) and Class III (34.1%). There was significant association (p

Matched MeSH terms: Malocclusion

Supernumerary teeth

Tratman EK, Chiam KN

Journal of the Malaya Branch of the British Medical Association, 1941;4:362-74.

Matched MeSH terms: Malocclusion

Fulltext Training dental officers and nurses in the index of orthodontic treatment need (iotn) as a screening tool in public health facilities

Loke, Shuet Toh

Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 2006;6(2):49-55.

MyJurnal

The objective of this pilot cross-sectional study was to assess effcacy of training dental officers (DO) and nurses (DN) in the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN). A conventional training method of lectures, manual; and md5,0n* exettise was used for bath Lest groups. 30 study models in all grades in the Aesthetic component (AC) and dental health component (DHC) were graded by 27 subjects (13 DO, 14 DN) after training. Results were cnrrlparedfor agreement with an exper; group, Kappa statistic: was used to assess strength in agreement in correct grouping of AC and DHC in the Categorie; gf treatment need, Wilcoxon Rank sum test was used to compare mean kappa and % 0 correct res ames in the test. Spearman rank correlation was used to test association of 11g experience with mean kappa values. There was ‘m0demte’ agreement in correct groupingfor ojjqcers in AC (K=O.5l) and DHC (K`=O.4l); Cmd 'fair’ j‘0'f TluTS€S in AC (K=O.40) and DHC (K:O,34). There was no significant difference between groups. Subjects were better at identifying cases with definite need than little/ borderline need for treatment. There was more inaccurate grading in DHC Gmde+qualifier for both groups (p

Matched MeSH terms: Malocclusion

Fulltext Multiple supernumerary teeth in a child with Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome: a rare feature

Marimuthoo, Thavamalar, Sockalingam,S. Nagarajan M.P.

Archives of Orofacial Sciences, 2014;9(1):1-5.

MyJurnal

Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome is a multiple anomalies congenital disorder characterised by broad thumb and halluces, facial dysmorphism with mental and growth retardation. Oral features include small mouth, retro and micronagthic jaws, highly arched and narrow palate. Dental anomalies such as teeth with talon cusps and screwdriver shaped permanent incisors together with crowded teeth are common features in these patients. Although hyperdontia is said to be one of the features of this condition, nevertheless, presence of multiple supernumerary teeth has never been documented. This report highlighted a case of an eleven-year-old boy with Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome referred for unerupted permanent incisors who exhibited multiple supernumerary teeth radiographically.

Matched MeSH terms: Malocclusion

Fulltext A Comparison of the Severity of Malocclusion Between Two Centres in the United Kingdom and Malaysia: A Preliminary Investigation

Sarah H.A. Ghani, Sundralingam, S.

Ann Dent, 1995;2(1):-.

MyJurnal

The preliminary investigation was carried out to assess the severity of malocclusion between two centres, the dental schools in Leeds, United Kingdom and Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. A total of 99 study models were analysed using the Index ofOrthodontic Treatment Need (lOIN). Thestudy models were ofpatients aged 8to 15years, equally distributed between male and female patients taken from the undergraduate and staff clinics. Forty nine and fifty study models were analysed at the Leeds Dental School and FacultyofDentistry,University ofMalaya,respectively.Fromthisobservation, it appeared that the sample of patients treated at the Faculty of Dentistry, Kuala Lumpur presented approximately 25%higher with casesin the severe end of the malocclusion based on the dental health component and almost 70%more with the aesthetic component. Factors contributing to this finding are discussed.

Matched MeSH terms: Malocclusion

Fulltext The expert says............. IOTN as a tool in prioritizing orthodontic treatment

Rohaya Megat Abdul Wahab

Malaysian Dental Journal, 2007;28(1):32-33.

MyJurnal

Deviations from normal occlusion are known as malocclusion. Orthodontics treatment usually is the choice of management of irregularities and abnormalities of their relation to the surrounding structures i.e malocclusions. Patient or parent commonly seeks orthodontic treatment for aesthetic reasons rather than functional problems such as temporomandibular joint dysfunction. With greater demand for orthodontic treatment due to greater awareness of the people towards dental health, good orthodontic treatment outcome would be expected. Good orthodontic treatment outcome usually related to good clinical management of the patients. (Copied from article).

Matched MeSH terms: Malocclusion

Orthodontic material usage among Malaysian orthodontists

Asma Alhusna Abang Abdullah, Nurul Asyikin Yahya

Sains Malaysiana, 2011;40:1313-1317.

Fixed orthodontic treatment requires the use of orthodontic brackets and archwires in order to correct malocclusions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the pattern of orthodontic material usages i.e. bracket and archwire among Malaysian orthodontists. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to members of the Malaysian Association of Orthodontist. Data entry and statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 15.0. Descriptive statistics were used for analysis. Means and standard deviations were calculated for continuous variables, frequency and percentages for categorical variables. Thirty-four orthodontists responded to the survey, with 76% (n=26) were female and the mean age was 43.31 years (SD 8.76). Most respondents used conventional metal brackets (60%, n=60) and most bracket prescription used was MBT (56%, n=19). At levelling stage, most respondents used nickel titanium archwire (84.5%, n=47). Stainless steel archwire was the most favourable choice for retraction/space closure stage (73.9%, n=34). At finishing, most respondents (60.4%, n=29) preferred to use stainless steel wire in their cases. As a conclusion, specific types of orthodontic materials were preferred and used by Malaysian orthodontists in delivering orthodontic treatment.

Matched MeSH terms: Malocclusion

Fulltext Malocclusion and orthodontic treatment need evaluated among subjects with Down syndrome using the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI)

Abdul Rahim FS, Mohamed AM, Nor MM, Saub R

Angle Orthod, 2014 Jul;84(4):600-6.

PMID: 24417495 DOI: 10.2319/062813-480.1

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of malocclusion and need for orthodontic treatment among persons with Down Syndrome (DS).

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Study participants were 113 persons with DS from the selected community-based rehabilitation center who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Ten occlusal characteristics of the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) were measured on study models to determine the degree of malocclusion. A single score represented the dentofacial anomalies, determined the level of severity, and determined the need for orthodontic treatment.

RESULTS: Crowding in the anterior maxillary and mandibular arch was the main malocclusion problems among the subjects with DS. Comparison between age group and genders revealed no significant differences in four categories of orthodontic treatment need (P > .05).

CONCLUSION: Most of the subjects with DS (94; 83.2%) had severe and very severe malocclusion, which indicated a desirable and mandatory need for orthodontic treatment.

Matched MeSH terms: Malocclusion/epidemiology*; Malocclusion, Angle Class I/epidemiology

Variations in tooth size and arch dimensions in Malay schoolchildren

Hussein KW, Rajion ZA, Hassan R, Noor SN

Aust Orthod J, 2009 Nov;25(2):163-8.

PMID: 20043553

To compare the mesio-distal tooth sizes and dental arch dimensions in Malay boys and girls with Class I, Class II and Class III malocclusions.

Matched MeSH terms: Malocclusion/pathology*

Tooth size discrepancies in an orthodontic population

Othman S, Harradine N

Angle Orthod, 2007 Jul;77(4):668-74.

PMID: 17605478

To explore how many millimeters of tooth size discrepancy (TSD) are clinically significant, to determine what percentage of a representative orthodontic population has such a tooth size discrepancy, and to determine the ability of simple visual inspection to detect such a discrepancy.

Matched MeSH terms: Malocclusion/etiology*

Unusual clinical presentation of a severely protruding premaxilla in patient with bilateral clefts

Burezq H, Bang RL, George A, Mukhtar A

J Craniofac Surg, 2007 Jul;18(4):971-4.

PMID: 17667698

Prominent premaxilla is one of the problems encountered when dealing with bilateral complete cleft lip and palate patients. Secondary alveolar bone grafting with these patients would achieve filling of the osseous defect, supports the alar base, eliminate the oro-nasal fistula and enhance the maxillary instability. This article describes the management of a bilateral cleft lip and palate patient with an extremely protruding premaxilla done in one stage surgery. To our knowledge, this is the first report of such degree of severity in the English literature.

Matched MeSH terms: Malocclusion, Angle Class II/surgery

Role of interceptive orthodontics in early mixed dentition

Wong ML, Che Fatimah Awang, Ng LK, Norlian D, Rashidah Dato Burhanudin, Gere MJ

Singapore Dent J, 2004 Dec;26(1):10-4.

PMID: 15736836

Early orthodontic interventions are often initiated in the developing dentition to promote favourable developmental changes and remove or suppress those that are unfavourable. Early interceptive orthodontics can eliminate or reduce the severity of a developing malocclusion, the complexity of orthodontic treatment, overall treatment time and cost. It also improves self-esteem in the subjects and parental satisfaction. Early detection and appropriate referral of cases requiring interceptive orthodontics are important. However, lack of awareness among school children, parents and primary-care personnel (dental nurses and dental officers) may result in patients not being referred for timely interceptive intervention. This article presents a general view of the scope of interceptive orthodontics that can be carried out in early mixed dentition, i.e. when the permanent incisors and molars are erupting into the oral cavity.

Matched MeSH terms: Malocclusion/prevention & control

Mixed dentition occlusion in 3 ethnic groups

Woon KC

Int J Orthod, 1988;26(3-4):16-9.

PMID: 3215739

Matched MeSH terms: Malocclusion/ethnology

A multidisciplinary approach in achieving aesthetics and function

Woon KC, Thong YL

J Ir Dent Assoc, 1991;37(1):15-7.

PMID: 1885927

This case report illustrates the successful management of a case of mutilated maxillary incisors in a 13 year old patient through a sequence of therapy designed to closely coordinate the various disciplines, endodontics, restorative dentistry and orthodontics, involved. Endodontics was directed towards the control of the infected pulp, restorative treatment was to reconstruct the broken down teeth in stages which were essential in the sequence of treatment, and orthodontics was involved in the achievement of functional occlusion and alignment. The comprehensive treatment approach combined to achieve satisfactory aesthetics and function.

Matched MeSH terms: Malocclusion/therapy*

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