Displaying publications 41 - 60 of 74 in total

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  1. Fulltext Identification of Pathways Mediating Growth Differentiation Factor5-Induced Tenogenic Differentiation in Human Bone Marrow Stromal Cells
    Tan SL, Ahmad TS, Ng WM, Azlina AA, Azhar MM, Selvaratnam L, et al.
    PLoS One, 2015;10(11):e0140869.
    PMID: 26528540 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140869
    To date, the molecular signalling mechanisms which regulate growth factors-induced MSCs tenogenic differentiation remain largely unknown. Therefore, a study to determine the global gene expression profile of tenogenic differentiation in human bone marrow stromal cells (hMSCs) using growth differentiation factor 5 (GDF5) was conducted. Microarray analyses were conducted on hMSCs cultures supplemented with 100 ng/ml of GDF5 and compared to undifferentiated hMSCs and adult tenocytes. Results of QuantiGene® Plex assay support the use and interpretation of the inferred gene expression profiles and pathways information. From the 27,216 genes assessed, 873 genes (3.21% of the overall human transcriptome) were significantly altered during the tenogenic differentiation process (corrected p<0.05). The genes identified as potentially associated with tenogenic differentiation were ARHGAP29, CCL2, integrin alpha 8 and neurofilament medium polypeptides. These genes, were mainly associated with cytoskeleton reorganization (stress fibers formation) signaling. Pathway analysis demonstrated the potential molecular pathways involved in tenogenic differentiation were: cytoskeleton reorganization related i.e. keratin filament signaling and activin A signaling; cell adhesion related i.e. chemokine and adhesion signaling; and extracellular matrix related i.e. arachidonic acid production signaling. Further investigation using atomic force microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy demonstrated apparent cytoskeleton reorganization in GDF5-induced hMSCs suggesting that cytoskeleton reorganization signaling is an important event involved in tenogenic differentiation. Besides, a reduced nucleostemin expression observed suggested a lower cell proliferation rate in hMSCs undergoing tenogenic differentiation. Understanding and elucidating the tenogenic differentiation signalling pathways are important for future optimization of tenogenic hMSCs for functional tendon cell-based therapy and tissue engineering.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tendons/cytology; Tendons/metabolism*
  2. High incidence and treatment of flexor carpi radialis tendinitis after trapeziectomy and abductor pollicis longus suspensionplasty for basal joint arthritis
    Low TH, Hales PF
    J Hand Surg Eur Vol, 2014 Oct;39(8):838-44.
    PMID: 24051478 DOI: 10.1177/1753193413506150
    We reviewed the incidence and treatment of flexor carpi radialis tendinitis in 77 patients (81 thumbs) who had trapeziectomy and abductor pollicis longus suspensionplasty for thumb carpometacarpal joint arthritis. Eighteen patients, 20 wrists (25%) had flexor carpi radialis tendinitis. The onset was 2-10 months (mean 4.7) after surgery. Two cases had preceding trauma. Eight cases (40%) responded to splinting and steroid injection. Ten patients, 12 wrists (60%) underwent surgery after failing non-operative treatment. Eleven wrists had frayed or partially torn flexor carpi radialis tendon and one had a complete tendon rupture with pseudotendon formation. Flexor carpi radialis tenotomy and pseudotendon excision were performed. All operated patients obtained good pain relief initially post-operatively. However, the pain recurred in two patients after 8 months. One required a local steroid injection for localized tenderness at the site of the proximal tendon stump. The other patient required a revision operation for scaphotrapezoid impingement. Both obtained complete pain relief. Our study has shown a high incidence of flexor carpi radialis tendinitis following trapeziectomy and abductor pollicis longus suspensionplasty. Patients should be warned about this potential complication.

    Study a collaboration between Malaysia and Australia
    Matched MeSH terms: Tendons/surgery*
  3. Heel Pad Reconstruction With Medial Plantar Flap
    Langat AS, Wan Sulaiman WA, Mat Johar SFN
    Cureus, 2021 Mar 19;13(3):e13987.
    PMID: 33884238 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.13987
    The heel of the foot is covered by highly specialized thick, glabrous skin containing fibroadipose tissue with numerous fibrous septae traversing the subcutaneous tissue, which acts as a shock-absorbent and prevents shearing of the skin. The loss of heel pad would cause interruption of the propelling function of the foot during walking. Therefore, heel pad reconstruction is an important procedure for wound closure in the acute phase and also functional reconstruction in delayed cases. We report a case of heel pad deformity in a patient who presented to us with left heel pain and inability to fully bear weight, which has caused her walking difficulty, following a road traffic accident. She sustained a degloving injury of the left foot and an open fracture of left calcaneum with ruptured Tendon Achilles in which the wound was initially addressed with failed reverse sural flap and the wound was allowed to heal by secondary intention. Delayed heel reconstruction was carried out with a propeller medial plantar flap and split skin graft. Postoperatively, the patient had improved functional and esthetic outcome.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tendons
  4. Fulltext Giant cell tumour of tendon sheath masquerading as trigger finger
    Rahimawati N, Roohi SA, Naicker AS, Zanariah O
    Malays Orthop J, 2010;4(3):32-35.
    MyJurnal
    We report a case of a 59-year-old female who presented in the general orthopaedic clinic with triggering of her right middle finger. She did not respond to conventional treatment methods; subsequently she underwent surgical open release under local anaesthesia. Five months postoperatively, the patient presented with signs and symptoms of acute flexor tenosynovitis, and was thought to have a postoperative infection. Re-examination by a hand surgeon raised the possibility of a different aetiology. Based on clinical findings and response to initial treatment, giant cell tumour of the flexor tendon sheath was suspected and later confirmed following surgical biopsy. A high index of suspicion and knowledge of the variegated presentations of giant cell tumour in the hand are beneficial in these types of cases.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tendons
  5. Giant cell tumor of the tendon sheath in the knee of an 11-year-old girl
    Abdullah A, Abdullah S, Haflah NH, Ibrahim S
    J Chin Med Assoc, 2010 Jan;73(1):47-51.
    PMID: 20103492
    Giant cell tumors are commonly found over the flexor tendon sheath of the hand and wrist. However, giant cell tumors in the knee joint are rare, especially in children. We report an interesting case of an 11-year-old girl who presented with a painful lump on her right knee that enlarged over time. Clinically, she had fullness over the anterolateral part of her knee. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an encapsulated mass inferior to the patella. The tumor measured 3 x 3.5 x 1.5 cm. Histopathological findings confirmed that it was a tenosynovial giant cell tumor. Because of initial mild symptoms, there was a delay of 2 years from the initial symptoms until tumor excision. Her follow-up period was 35 months, and her health to date is excellent with no recurrence. We believe that reporting this rare case will help clinicians update their knowledge on possible causes of lumps in the knee, and avoid diagnostic delay. It could also prove to be beneficial in arriving at a diagnosis in future cases.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tendons*
  6. Fulltext Genetic researches among malaysian familial hypercholesterolaemic population
    Al-Khateeb, A, Al-Talib, H
    JUMMEC, 2016;19(2):1-11.
    MyJurnal
    Background:
    Familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) is one of the most frequent inherited metabolic disorders that can lead
    to a risk of premature cardiovascular disease. Publications on FH are mainly from western patients as there is
    little research on Asians, including Malaysians. The aim of this review is to provide an up-to- date information
    on Malaysian studies on FH genotyping and its relation to the phenotype of the affected patients.
    Method:
    A search was conducted for data from online databases on FH in Malaysia.
    Results:
    The mutation spectrum for FH among Malaysian patients was extremely broad. The gene variants were located
    mainly in the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) and apolipoprotein B-100 (APOB-100) genes rather than
    in the proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin type 9 (PCSK9) gene. The exon 9 and 14 were the hotspots in the
    LDLR gene. The most frequent mutation was p.Cys255Ser, at 12.5%, followed by p.Arg471Gly, at 11%, and the
    most common single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was c.1060+7 T>C at 11.7%. The LDLR gene variants were
    more common compared to the APOB-100 gene variants, while variants in the PCSK9 gene were very few.
    Phenotype-genotype associations were identified. Subjects with LDLR and APOB-100 genes mutations had a
    higher frequency of cardiovascular disease, a family history of hyperlipidaemia and tendon xanthoma and a
    higher low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level than non-carriers.
    Conclusion:
    Research on Malaysian familial hypercholesterolaemic patients by individual groups is encouraging. However,
    more extensive molecular studies on FH on a national scale, with a screening of the disease-causing mutations
    together with a comprehensive genotype-phenotype association study, can lead to a better outcome for
    patients with the disease.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tendons
  7. Fulltext Ganglion of the Flexor Tendon Sheath at the A2 Pulley - Case Report
    Gunaseelan P, Jeremy P, Chua CK, Rashdeen F
    Malays Orthop J, 2015 Mar;9(1):28-29.
    PMID: 28435592 MyJurnal DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.1503.002
    There are few reported cases of flexor tendon sheath ganglion arising from the A2 pulley. We report a case of a flexor tendon sheath ganglion in a 17-year old female who presented with pain, triggering and a swelling at the base of her right ring finger. During the excision biopsy, a ganglion measuring 0.5×0.8×0.4 cm in size was removed from the A2 pulley area.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tendons
  8. Fulltext Functional Results after Anterior Cruciate LigamentReconstruction using the bone-patella Tendon-bone Method
    Zaidi, M., Azuhairy, Chan, C.K.,
    Malays Orthop J, 2008;2(1):8-11.
    MyJurnal
    This study evaluates the outcome of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction with arthroscopy using the bone–patella tendon-bone method. We performed this procedure in 24 patients with the average age of 33.1 years (range: 17-51 years ) between 2004 and 2006. Sixteen of the 24 patients were available for evaluation using the Lysholm Knee Score and International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) system. Based on the Lysholm score, there was a statistically significant improvement in knee function when comparing pre- and post-surgical scores (p
    Matched MeSH terms: Tendons
  9. Fulltext Four nucleotide deletions of exon 47 in Dystrophin gene: a case report of a Kelantanese Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy patient
    Fatimah Azman, Rose Adzrianee Adnan, Norhafizah Che Abdul Razak, Nazihah Mohd Yunus, Sarina Sulong, Rozita Abdullah, et al.
    Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, 2017;2(202):11-13.
    MyJurnal
    Muscular dystrophy is a group of diseases that result in progressive muscle weakness and atrophy. Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) is classified as dystrophinopathy and is an X-linked recessive disease. It is caused by alterations in the dystrophin gene at Xp21.2 encoding 79 exons [1]. It is characterised by progressive muscle wasting that begins at 3 to 5 years, delay in motor development and eventually wheelchair confinement followed by premature death at about 30 years from cardiac or respiratory complications [2]. Genetic etiology of cases of DMD in Malaysia are still scarcely reported. Here, we report the genetic cause in the case of an 11-year-old Kelantanese Malay boy who has progressive muscle weakness since 5 years old. He has difficulty in getting up from sitting and supine position also in climbing up stairs until 1st floor. He has a strong family history of DMD and musculoskeletal problems. His younger brother was diagnosed with DMD by molecular analysis and his maternal uncle died at the age of 16 with musculoskeletal problems but was never investigated. Physical examination revealed no dysmorphic features, positive Gower sign with absent tounge fasciculation. On neurological examination, tendon reflexes and muscle tone for limbs were normal. Muscle power for bilateral upper limbs were normal, however, bilateral lower limbs showed slight reduction in muscle power with calf hypertrophy.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tendons
  10. Fulltext Flexor tendon degeneration affects short-term outcomes of open trigger digit release
    Abdul Nasir M, Ahmad TS, Low TH, Devarajooh C, Gunasagaran J
    PLoS One, 2023;18(5):e0286301.
    PMID: 37252923 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286301
    We aimed to investigate the association between flexor tendon degeneration and outcome of open trigger digit release. We recruited 162 trigger digits (136 patients) who had open trigger digit release from February 2017 to March 2019. Intraoperatively, six features of tendon degenerations were identified: irregular tendon surface, tendon fraying, intertendinous tear, synovial thickening, hyperaemia of sheath and tendon dryness. Longer duration of preoperative symptoms was associated with worsening tendon surface irregularity and fraying; increased number of steroid injections was associated with worsening tendon surface irregularity and dryness; higher DASH score was associated with severe tendon fraying, dryness and intertendinous tear; limited proximal interphalangeal joint (PIPJ) motion was associated with severe tendon dryness. At 1-month post-surgery, DASH score remained high in severe intertendinous tear group while PIPJ motion remained limited in severe tendon dryness group. In conclusion, the severity of various flexor tendon degenerations influenced the outcome of open trigger digit release at 1-month but did not affect the outcome at 3- and 6-months post-surgery.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tendons/surgery
  11. Engineering of various types of tissues in immunocompetent animals and its potential for clinical application
    Cao Y
    Med J Malaysia, 2004 May;59 Suppl B:2.
    PMID: 15468789
    Matched MeSH terms: Tendons/cytology
  12. Fulltext Development of a Tomography Technique for Assessment of the Material Condition of Concrete Using Optimized Elastic Wave Parameters
    Chai HK, Liu KF, Behnia A, Yoshikazu K, Shiotani T
    Materials (Basel), 2016 Apr 16;9(4).
    PMID: 28773416 DOI: 10.3390/ma9040291
    Concrete is the most ubiquitous construction material. Apart from the fresh and early age properties of concrete material, its condition during the structure life span affects the overall structural performance. Therefore, development of techniques such as non-destructive testing which enable the investigation of the material condition, are in great demand. Tomography technique has become an increasingly popular non-destructive evaluation technique for civil engineers to assess the condition of concrete structures. In the present study, this technique is investigated by developing reconstruction procedures utilizing different parameters of elastic waves, namely the travel time, wave amplitude, wave frequency, and Q-value. In the development of algorithms, a ray tracing feature was adopted to take into account the actual non-linear propagation of elastic waves in concrete containing defects. Numerical simulation accompanied by experimental verifications of wave motion were conducted to obtain wave propagation profiles in concrete containing honeycomb as a defect and in assessing the tendon duct filling of pre-stressed concrete (PC) elements. The detection of defects by the developed tomography reconstruction procedures was evaluated and discussed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tendons
  13. Fulltext Curvelet based automatic segmentation of supraspinatus tendon from ultrasound image: a focused assistive diagnostic method
    Gupta R, Elamvazuthi I, Dass SC, Faye I, Vasant P, George J, et al.
    Biomed Eng Online, 2014;13:157.
    PMID: 25471386 DOI: 10.1186/1475-925X-13-157
    Disorders of rotator cuff tendons results in acute pain limiting the normal range of motion for shoulder. Of all the tendons in rotator cuff, supraspinatus (SSP) tendon is affected first of any pathological changes. Diagnosis of SSP tendon using ultrasound is considered to be operator dependent with its accuracy being related to operator's level of experience.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tendons/pathology; Tendons/ultrasonography*
  14. Fulltext Current Update of Collagen Nanomaterials-Fabrication, Characterisation and Its Applications: A Review
    Lo S, Fauzi MB
    Pharmaceutics, 2021 Feb 28;13(3).
    PMID: 33670973 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13030316
    Tissue engineering technology is a promising alternative approach for improvement in health management. Biomaterials play a major role, acting as a provisional bioscaffold for tissue repair and regeneration. Collagen a widely studied natural component largely present in the extracellular matrix (ECM) of the human body. It provides mechanical stability with suitable elasticity and strength to various tissues, including skin, bone, tendon, cornea and others. Even though exogenous collagen is commonly used in bioscaffolds, largely in the medical and pharmaceutical fields, nano collagen is a relatively new material involved in nanotechnology with a plethora of unexplored potential. Nano collagen is a form of collagen reduced to a nanoparticulate size, which has its advantages over the common three-dimensional (3D) collagen design, primarily due to its nano-size contributing to a higher surface area-to-volume ratio, aiding in withstanding large loads with minimal tension. It can be produced through different approaches including the electrospinning technique to produce nano collagen fibres resembling natural ECM. Nano collagen can be applied in various medical fields involving bioscaffold insertion or fillers for wound healing improvement; skin, bone, vascular grafting, nerve tissue and articular cartilage regeneration as well as aiding in drug delivery and incorporation for cosmetic purposes.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tendons
  15. Fulltext Current Progress in Tendon and Ligament Tissue Engineering
    Lim WL, Liau LL, Ng MH, Chowdhury SR, Law JX
    Tissue Eng Regen Med, 2019 Dec;16(6):549-571.
    PMID: 31824819 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-019-00196-w
    BACKGROUND: Tendon and ligament injuries accounted for 30% of all musculoskeletal consultations with 4 million new incidences worldwide each year and thus imposed a significant burden to the society and the economy. Damaged tendon and ligament can severely affect the normal body movement and might lead to many complications if not treated promptly and adequately. Current conventional treatment through surgical repair and tissue graft are ineffective with a high rate of recurrence.

    METHODS: In this review, we first discussed the anatomy, physiology and pathophysiology of tendon and ligament injuries and its current treatment. Secondly, we explored the current role of tendon and ligament tissue engineering, describing its recent advances. After that, we also described stem cell and cell secreted product approaches in tendon and ligament injuries. Lastly, we examined the role of the bioreactor and mechanical loading in in vitro maturation of engineered tendon and ligament.

    RESULTS: Tissue engineering offers various alternative ways of treatment from biological tissue constructs to stem cell therapy and cell secreted products. Bioreactor with mechanical stimulation is instrumental in preparing mature engineered tendon and ligament substitutes in vitro.

    CONCLUSIONS: Tissue engineering showed great promise in replacing the damaged tendon and ligament. However, more study is needed to develop ideal engineered tendon and ligament.

    Matched MeSH terms: Tendons/anatomy & histology; Tendons/pathology; Tendons/physiology*
  16. Fulltext Correction of claw fingers in leprosy by the brand four-tailed tendon graft operation
    Abdul Hamid AK
    Med J Malaysia, 1986 Sep;41(3):264-8.
    PMID: 3670144
    Many operations have been described for the correction of claw hands following involvement in leprosy, from Sir Harold Stiles (1922) of Edinburgh, through Bunnell, Brand and many others in India and USA. Some of these procedures are classified "static" and attempt mainly to correct hyper-extension at the metacarpo-phalangeal joint, while the "dynamic" procedures employ a variety of tendon graft operations to restore the function of the paralysed lumbrical muscles. This study is an analysis of the four-tailed tendon graft operation of Paul Brand, carried out in the National Leprosy Con. trol Centre, Sungei Buloh, Selangor, during the period 1965·175, by a host of surgeons, mainly by Dr M.K. Bhojwani, MRCP, FRCSEd, the Director of the Centre at that time. The analysis carried out during November. December 1976, was made on 36 hands in 33 patients; it revealed an average improvement in the metacarpo. Phalangeal joint flexion of nearly 90% and in the proximal interphalangeal joint extension in nearly 80%, and an improvement in the grafted lumbrical voluntary motor tone of nearly 70%.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tendons/transplantation*
  17. Fulltext Congenital bilateral agenesis of the tibialis anterior muscles: a rare case report
    Htwe O, Swarhib M, Pei TS, Naicker AS, Das S
    Rom J Morphol Embryol, 2012;53(3):657-9.
    PMID: 22990563
    Congenital bilateral agenesis of the tibialis anterior muscles is a rare condition. We present a case of congenital absence of bilateral tibialis anterior muscles in a 6-year-old boy who presented with an abnormal gait. He was previously diagnosed to have bilateral congenital talipes equinovarus (CTEV) deformity for which he underwent corrective surgery two times. However, he still had a residual foot problem and claimed to have difficulty in walking. On examination, he walked with a high stepping gait and muscle power of both lower limbs was 5/5 on the medical research council scale (MRCS) except for both ankle dorsiflexors and long toe extensors. The sensation was intact. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) study of both legs revealed that tibialis anterior muscles were not visualized on both sides suggestive of agenesis of the tibialis anterior muscles. The rest of the muscles appeared mildly atrophied. The electrophysiological study showed normal motor and sensory conduction in both upper and lower limbs. Electromyographic (EMG) study of the vastus medialis was within normal limit and no response could be elicited for EMG of tibialis anterior muscles suggesting possible absence of tibialis anterior muscles, bilaterally. The patient underwent split tibialis posterior tendon transfer to achieve a balanced and functional foot and was well on discharge. The present case describes the normal anatomy and embryology of tibialis anterior muscles as well as possible causes of its agenesis along with its clinical implications.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tendons/abnormalities*
  18. Fulltext Concomitant Traumatic Peroneal Tendon Dislocation and Medial Malleolus Fracture: A Case Report
    Vosoughi AR, Erfani MA
    Malays Orthop J, 2018 Mar;12(1):57-59.
    PMID: 29725517 DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.1803.014
    Peroneal tendon dislocation in association with medial malleolus fracture is a very rare traumatic injury to the ankle. A 19-year old male patient was referred after injury sustained in a motorcycle accident with car, with concomitant traumatic peroneal tendon dislocation and medial malleolus fracture. The possible mechanism of this unusual injury could have been sudden external rotation force to the pronated foot in full dorsiflexed position of the ankle. Diagnosis of peroneal tendon subluxation or dislocation should be carefully evaluated in patients with single medial malleolus fracture.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tendons
  19. Fulltext Chronic Traumatic Sagittal Band Injury with Extensor Tendon Dislocation: Report of a Case and New Surgical Technique
    Or SY, Khaw YC, Hwang PX, Ong TK
    Malays Orthop J, 2017 Jul;11(2):60-63.
    PMID: 29021881 MyJurnal DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.1707.007
    Chronic sagittal band injury with tendon dislocation of the extensor digitorum communis in the hand often requires operative stabilization. Various surgical techniques have been reported to repair and reconstruct the sagittal band. Nonetheless, most of the techniques are technically demanding and require donor graft. In this case report, we report a novel surgical technique to centralize and stabilize the tendon by reattaching the radial sagittal band with anchor sutures. The advantages of this new technique are simple, no donor morbidity and stable repair to restore the normal biomechanics of the tendon. The patient was able to return to work in three months and no recurrent dislocation was noted at review two years after surgery.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tendons
  20. Fulltext Cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis with cholestanolaemia--involvement of five individuals in a Malay family
    Othman NH, Rahman SA
    Med J Malaysia, 1990 Dec;45(4):275-80.
    PMID: 2152046
    Cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis (CTX), a rare inherited lipid storage disease is due to a defect in bile acid metabolism. Involvement of five members of a family is presented. The clinical features, laboratory and pathologic findings are discussed. Tendinous and tuberous xanthomatosis, bilateral cataracts, cerebral impairment and raised serum cholestanol are the salient features. We believe this is the first report of CTX in Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tendons*
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