Displaying publications 41 - 60 of 165 in total

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  1. An exploratory investigation of patellofemoral joint loadings during directional lunges in badminton
    Yu L, Mei Q, Mohamad NI, Gu Y, Fernandez J
    Comput Biol Med, 2021 05;132:104302.
    PMID: 33677166 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2021.104302
    Anterior knee pain is a commonly documented musculoskeletal disorder among badminton players. However, current biomechanical studies of badminton lunges mainly report kinetic profiles in the lower extremity with few investigations of in-vivo loadings. The objective of this study was to evaluate tissue loadings in the patellofemoral joint via musculoskeletal modelling and Finite Element simulation. The collected marker trajectories, ground reaction force and muscle activation data were used for musculoskeletal modelling to compute knee joint angles and quadricep muscle forces. These parameters were then set as boundary conditions and loads for a quasistatic simulation using the Abaqus Explicit solver. Simulations revealed that the left-forward (LF) and backward lunges showed greater contact pressure (14.98-29.61%) and von Mises stress (14.17-32.02%) than the right-forward and backward lunges; while, loadings in the left-backward lunge were greater than the left-forward lunge by 13-14%. Specifically, the stress in the chondral layer was greater than the contact interface, particularly in the patellar cartilage. These findings suggest that right-side dominant badminton players load higher in the right patellofemoral joint during left-side (backhand) lunges. Knowledge of these tissue loadings may provide implications for the training of badminton footwork, such as musculature development, to reduce cartilage loading accumulation, and prevent anterior knee pain.
    Matched MeSH terms: Lower Extremity
  2. Fulltext Subject-Specific Effect of Metallic Body Accessories on Path Loss of Dynamic on-Body Propagation Channels
    Rahim HA, Abdulmalek M, Soh PJ, Rani KA, Hisham N, Vandenbosch GA
    Sci Rep, 2016 07 20;6:29818.
    PMID: 27436496 DOI: 10.1038/srep29818
    This paper presents the investigation of path loss variation for subject-specific on-body radio propagation channels, considering the effect of metallic spectacles and loop like metallic accessories. Adding metallic items may affect the operability of Body Centric Wireless Communications (BCWC). Measurements were carried out in an RF-shielded room lined with microwave absorbing sheets for strategically placed bodyworn antennas covering the upper front torso and the lower limbs. The path loss of the on-body radio channel was characterized explicitly taking into account the body size of the subjects. For metallic loop-like accessories, the results indicate that for underweight subjects, there was a slightly higher influence, up to 2%, compared to normal and overweight subjects. Our findings indicate that a noticeable effect exists on on-body channels for dynamic movements where the metallic watch acts as a local scatterer that affects the non-line-of-sight (NLOS) signal path between transmitter and receiver for underweight subjects in comparison to normal and overweight subjects. The path loss decreases when the receiving terminal was positioned very close to the metallic item. If a loop-like metallic accessory is not appropriately considered when designing the radio channel on a subject, the reliability of the body-centric wireless system may degrade.
    Matched MeSH terms: Lower Extremity
  3. Fulltext Paravertebral Abscess Caused By Bukholderia Pseudomallei In
    Ahmad, S., Azura, L., Duski, S., Aziz, M.Y.
    Malays Orthop J, 2009;3(1):88-90.
    MyJurnal
    A 53-year-old Malay man was admitted with intestinal obstruction, fever and lower limb weakness. Initial clinical impression was myelitis causing paralytic ilues and paraperesis. Blood culture showed Burkholderia pseudomallei infection and subsequent MRI showed paravertebral abscess. This case highlights a rare manifestation of melioidosis involving the spine and difficulties in establishing the diagnosis.

    Matched MeSH terms: Lower Extremity
  4. Fulltext Stage protocol in the management of infection following plating of the Tibia
    Nazri, M.Y.
    International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2012;11(1):41-46.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Anterior border of the tibia is covered only by a thin layer of protective tissue. Plating of the tibia often results in wound complication and infection if the injury to this area is not recognized. We review our results of managing infection following plating of the tibia using a protocol base on the status of bone healing and the presence of bone or soft-tissue defect. Methods: Eight cases of infection following plating of the tibia were managed according to stage procedures protocols and classification, which is based on the state of bony union and the defect following wound debridement. The soft-tissue defects were managed with local flaps, and the bone defects were managed with Illizarov bone transport. Results: Three patients had more than one bacterium isolated. Gram negative organisms were isolated from seven patients. Methicillineresistant Staphylococcus aureus was isolated in two patients. All patients achieved union with a mean union
    time of seven months. The infections were controlled in seven patients. One patient had minimal sinus discharge but refused further treatment. Conclusions: The stage protocol for the management of infection following plating of the tibia is practical and produces excellent results.
    Matched MeSH terms: Bones of Lower Extremity
  5. Syringomyelia / bulbia presenting as anhidrosis
    Choy, Yew Sing, Sinniah, D.
    Malaysian Journal of Child Health, 1992;4(1):6-12.
    MyJurnal
    Reported is the first case of syringomyelia and syringobulbia associated with Arnold Chiari I malformation in a Malaysian child. The initial complaint was that of unilateral anhidrosis of the face. The chief presenting features were dissociated sensory loss, asymmetrical weakness of the left upper limb associated with subluxation of left shoulder and signs of upper motor neurone lesion in the left lower limb. One unusual feature was the presence of vesiculation followed by ulceration of the pinnae of both ears. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the posterior fossa and cervical and thoracic cord facilitated the diagnosis and was the most useful diagnostic procedure in this child.
    Matched MeSH terms: Lower Extremity
  6. Fulltext Fitness profile of Malaysian adolescent squash players
    Krasilshchikov, Oleksandr
    Movement Health & Exercise, 2014;3(1):39-47.
    MyJurnal
    Squash is an indoor game that is the second fastest racket sports if compared to badminton and tennis. Squash game puts a high demand on physical fitness of elite players which requires a quick development of high force, rapid changes of direction and fast reaction. The objective of this study was to develop the physical fitness profile of Malaysian junior state squash players. Sixty five 10 to 18 years old male Kelantan state squash players were tested with seven skill-related fitness tests. SPSS version 20.0 was used to analyze the data collected from the tests. A one-way ANOVA was used to detect statistical differences between groups. A posthoc test (LSD) was performed to determine differences in in the variables between groups. The data was collected for flexibility, speed, muscular endurance, power of upper and lower extremities, agility and cardiovascular endurance. There were significant differences in the mean speed, muscular endurance, agility, power of lower extremities, power of upper extremities, flexibility and predicted VO2 max between 13-15 and 16-18 years of age groups when compared to 10-12 years old players (p
    Matched MeSH terms: Lower Extremity
  7. Fulltext Fibula Osteocutaneous Flap for Mandible Reconstruction after Ameloblastoma Resection: Amending Technique to Reduce Ischaemic Time
    Chee, E.K., Sara Ahmad, T., Ng, E.S.
    Malays Orthop J, 2007;1(1):39-41.
    MyJurnal
    A 27-year-old patient with ameloblastoma of the mandible
    underwent anterior mandibulectomy and reconstruction with
    left fibula osteocutaneous flap. The bone was shaped at the
    lower limb before cutting the pedicle. Vascularised free fibula flap provides a good alternative to other bone grafts in mandible reconstruction as it is relatively easy to perform, carries a low complication rate, and mandibular shaping with intact pedicle cuts down on ischaemic as well as total operative time.
    Matched MeSH terms: Lower Extremity
  8. Neurobehavioral performances among lead exposed workers in Malaysia: an early detection of lead toxicity
    Mazrura Sahani, Noor Hassim Ismail
    Journal of Occupational Safety and Health, 2005;2(1):1-9.
    MyJurnal
    The objectives of this study is to evaluate subjective symptoms and neurobehavioral performances among workers exposed to lead and its relation with blood lead levels. The methodology of this study was restricted to 141 Malaysian battery manufacturing factories male workers with mean (SD) age of 35.2 (9.6) years, years of employment 9.1 (7.1), current blood lead concentration 40.5 (16.8) μg/dl were given WHO neurobehavioral core test battery. Results showed that highly exposed group blood lead level (high ≥ 40 μg/dl) performed less well in 4 of 13 responses reported higher subjective symptoms of weakness of lower limbs and anorexia. Significant correlation was found between blood lead and Digit Symbol, Digit Forward, Digit Backward, Aiming Pursuit Test and Trail B. Regression analysis showed reduction in cognitive, memory and concentration functions at ≤ 30 μg/dl blood lead levels with maximum lead effect at Digit symbol’s score at 40 μg/dl. In conclusion, this study is consistent with the larger body of neurobehavioral tests in lead exposure and has proven the ability of these tests in detecting low level of lead toxicity.
    Matched MeSH terms: Lower Extremity
  9. Fulltext The Effects of Leg Length Discrepancy on Stability and Kinematics-Kinetics Deviations: A Systematic Review
    Azizan NA, Basaruddin KS, Salleh AF
    Appl Bionics Biomech, 2018;2018:5156348.
    PMID: 30116295 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5156348
    Various studies have examined body posture stability, including postural sway and associated biomechanical parameters, to assess the severity effects of leg length discrepancy (LLD). However, various viewpoints have been articulated on the results of these studies because of certain drawbacks in the comprehensive analysis of the effect of variations in LLD magnitude. Therefore, this systematic review was performed to help focus on the current findings to help identify which biomechanical parameters are most relevant, commonly used, and able to distinguish and/or have specific clinical relevance to the effect of variations in LLD magnitude during static (standing) and dynamic (walking) conditions. Several electronic databases containing studies from the year 1983 to 2016 (Scopus, ScienceDirect, PubMed, PMC, and ProQuest) were obtained in our literature search. The search process yielded 22 published articles that fulfilled our criteria. We found most of the published data that we analyzed to be inconsistent, and very little data was obtained on the correlation between LLD severity and changes in body posture stability during standing and walking. However, the results of the present review study are in line with previous observational studies, which describe asymmetry in the lower limbs corresponding to biomechanical parameters such as gait kinematics, kinetics, and other parameters described during static (standing) postural balance. In future investigations, we believe that it might be useful to use and exploit other balance-related factors that may potentially influence body posture stability.
    Matched MeSH terms: Lower Extremity
  10. Fulltext A preliminary evaluation of linear control schemes for FES-assisted movements
    Ahmed, M., Huq, M.S., Ibrahim, B.S.K.K., Ahmed, A.
    Movement Health & Exercise, 2018;7(1):211-223.
    MyJurnal
    Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) can be used to revive movement
    functions of the human body to a certain degree which was lost due to
    occurrences of the nervous system disorders resulting from accidents or
    diseases. It can also be employed for gait rehabilitation as well as therapy.
    Control systems could be employed to improve on the FES-induced motion,
    and the closed-loop was targeted due to its advantages. Based on the papers
    reviewed, studies have shown that the linear control schemes are popular for
    movement restoration in the lower limb, but mostly for continuous standing
    contributing to mainly the stance phase. Therefore, a myriad of limitations
    was observed which include: the need for using improved sensors, re-tuning
    for every subject, tests conducted using patient with more straightforward
    ailments, complexity in implementation and most importantly is the issue of
    stability. The swing phase of gait movement and the full walking motion have
    more complex dynamics and coupled with the nature of the plant (human with
    nervous system disorder and the neuromuscular structure) could render the
    linear control method obsolete or unsuitable. Hence, there is a need to
    investigate other techniques such as the nonlinear and intelligent control
    methods.
    Matched MeSH terms: Lower Extremity
  11. Fulltext Femoral deformity correction and lengthening on nail with monorail external fixator : a case report
    Mohd Bakrynizam Abu Bakar Siddiq, Kamarul Izham Kamarudin, Kamarul Al Haq, Suresh Chopr
    International e-Journal of Science, Medicine & Education, 2018;12(2):26-29.
    MyJurnal
    Limb length discrepancy (LLD) is quite common.
    Lower limb shortening is one of the causes of limb
    length discrepancy. The common treatment that is
    used is the llizarov technique for bone lengthening.
    The new technique uses an intramedullary nail with
    a monoplanar external fixator. Using this technique,
    bone lengthening duration in patients can be reduced
    and knee joint mobility can be improved without
    jeopardizing bone regeneration. We report a case of a
    27-year-old gentleman who had right femur shortening
    from childhood and was referred to us for corrective
    deformity. He underwent bone lengthening on the nail
    which lenghthens and equalizes the leg while avoiding
    stiffness and reduces joint mobility which leads to good
    patient satisfaction outcome. The use of the external
    fixator with intramedullary nailing to lengthen the
    femur is one method that can reduce patient burden
    mentally and physically. However although it has many
    advantages we must watch out for the complications
    during the regular visits to ensure good outcome.
    Matched MeSH terms: Lower Extremity
  12. Fulltext Relationship between isokinetic leg strength and knee frontal plane projection angle during single leg squat among male junior athletes
    Mail, M.S.Z., Mohd Azhar, N., Affandi, N.F., Shaharudin, S., Agrawal, S., Chee, L.M.
    JUMMEC, 2019;22(2):43-48.
    MyJurnal
    Background: Those with increased dynamic knee valgus are vulnerable to increased risk of non-contact knee
    injuries. However, studies on the top down kinetic chain of lower limb mechanics during dynamic motions
    such as single leg squat (SLS) among trained males were scarce.

    Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the relationship between isokinetic hip and knee strength
    and frontal plane projection angle (FPPA) of the knee joint during SLS.

    Methods: Thirty-two male junior athletes (twelve cyclists, ten runners and ten squash players) were screened
    for excessive dynamic knee valgus (DKV) prior to participation. Only those within the normal value of DKV were
    included. Their hip and knee isokinetic strength in sagittal plane were evaluated at 60º/s of angular velocity
    for both legs using dynamometer. Two dimensional knee FPPA was evaluated during SLS at 60º of knee flexion.
    Pearson correlation was evaluated between knee FPPA during SLS and isokinetic leg strength.

    Results: Correlations between knee FPPA and hip and knee isokinetic strength were not statistically significant
    except between knee flexion peak torque/body weight (r = -0.35, p = 0.05) and hamstring to quadriceps ratio
    (r = -0.39, p = 0.03) of non-dominant leg.

    Conclusions: Isokinetic hip and knee strength and knee FPPA during SLS was correlated only for non-dominant
    leg during SLS among male junior athletes. DKV during SLS may be reduced through strengthening the muscles
    around hip and knee joints.
    Matched MeSH terms: Lower Extremity
  13. Fulltext Effect of Lower Limb Muscle Fatigue on Fall Risk for Transfemoral Amputee: A Pilot Study
    Mohd Safee MK, Abu Osman NA
    Occup Ther Int, 2021;2021:4357473.
    PMID: 34707468 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4357473
    Muscle fatigue is a decline in muscle maximum force during contraction and can influence the fall risk among people. This study is aimed at identifying the effect of fatigue on prospective fall risk in transfemoral amputees (TFA). Fourteen subjects were involved in this study with TFA (34.7 ± 8.1 yrs, n = 7) and normal subjects (31.1 ± 7.4 yrs, n = 7). Fatigue of lower limb muscles was induced with the fatigue protocol. Subjects were tested prefatigue and postfatigue using the standardized fall risk assessment. All results were calculated and compared between pre- and postfatigue to identify fatigue's effect on both groups of subjects. The results showed that the fall risk increased significantly during pre- and postfatigue for TFA (p = 0.018), while there were no significant differences in normal subjects (p = 0.149). Meanwhile, the fall risk between TFA and normal subjects for prefatigue (p = 0.082) and postfatigue (p = 0.084) also showed no significant differences. The percentage (%) of increased fall risk for TFA was 19.2% compared to normal subjects only 16.7%. However, 61.4% increased of % fall risk in TFA after fatigue by using the baseline of the normal subject as the normalized % of fall risk. The increasing fall risks for TFA after fatigue are three times higher than the potential fall risk in normal subjects. The result indicates that they need to perform more precautions while prolonging lower limb activities. These results showed the implications of fatigue that can increase the fall risk due to muscle fatigue from repetitive and prolonged activities. Therefore, rehabilitation programs can be done very safely and precisely so that therapists can pursue fitness without aggravating existing injuries.
    Matched MeSH terms: Lower Extremity
  14. Fulltext The prevalence of injuries among participants during the 16th National Silat Championships 2012
    Hassan, N.H., Nik Muhamad, N.A.
    Malaysian Journal of Emergency Medicine, 2017;2(1):11-15.
    MyJurnal
    This study is a descriptive epidemiology on the frequency of injuries, characteristics, and type of injuries incurred during the 16th National SilatChampionships 2012 competitions. This was a retrospective study by using a Pre Hospital Care Emergency Medicine PPUKM Form. All injuries sustained during the competition days were documented. The total number of participants involved in this tournament was 158 (114 males and 44 females). 51.6% participants sustained various injuries during the competition. The common sites of injuries involved the upper and lower extremities. The injuries sustained consist of swelling, fracture, dislocation, muscle sprain, strain and others. Most of the injuries were minor and did not require hospitalization. This study identified that soft tissue injuries due to blunt trauma were common among the silatparticipants. Strict observation of the tournament regulations, vigorous training and protective measures or equipments may contribute to the absence of severe or serious injury.
    Matched MeSH terms: Lower Extremity
  15. Fulltext Primary Osteosarcoma of the Distal Fibula treated with Distal Fibulectomy with a Five-Year Follow-up: A Case Report
    Saadon I, Amit B, Zolquarnian A, Muhamad F
    Malays Orthop J, 2017 Jul;11(2):64-67.
    PMID: 29021882 MyJurnal DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.1707.010
    Musculoskeletal tumours of the lower limbs especially malignant tumours are not common. The fibula is the site of primary bone tumours as reported in 2.4% of lower limb tumours with the proximal third being more frequently involved than the distal segment. Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant bone tumour of nonhaematopoietic origin, with distal fibular involvement in 0.47% of patients. The advances in imaging techniques and neo-adjuvant chemotherapy have now made it possible to accurately define the extent of tumour and plan limb salvage with tumour resection. The purpose of this case report is to highlight the successful outcome of limb salvage procedure with a five year follow up in an 11-year old boy with distal fibular osteosarcoma. Limb salvage surgery with distal fibulectomy and retention of the foot are a good alternative to radical amputation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Lower Extremity
  16. Thromboangitis Obliterans involving Bilateral Upper limb Extremities - A Rare Case Report from Malaysia
    Murali U, Ahmad MAA, Najihah F
    J Clin Diagn Res, 2017 Mar;11(3):PD06-PD08.
    PMID: 28511446 DOI: 10.7860/JCDR/2017/23807.9507
    Thromboangitis Obliterans (TAO) or Buerger's disease is a non-atherosclerotic, occlusive, progressive and highly inflammatory disorder of distal arteries seen predominantly affecting the lower limb in smokers. TAO presenting itself in upper limb or bilaterally involving the upper limb is a very rare entity. We report on a rare case of TAO in a 46-year-old gentleman who presented with bilateral upper extremity digital gangrene with 18 pack-years of smoking. Brachial and radial pulses were palpable bilaterally and were of good volume but right ulnar pulse was faintly felt, while on the left side it was not appreciated due to malunion. Further Computed Tomography (CT)- angiography showed occlusion of distal right ulnar artery, stenosis of distal left ulnar artery with bilateral poor opacification of palmar and digital arteries. This case reports on the unusual and rare presentation of TAO in upper extremity involving both limbs. The case is reported for the first time from Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Lower Extremity
  17. Fulltext Effects of Combined Upper and Lower Limb Plyometric Training Interventions on Physical Fitness in Athletes: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis
    Deng N, Soh KG, Zaremohzzabieh Z, Abdullah B, Salleh KM, Huang D
    Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2022 Dec 28;20(1).
    PMID: 36612806 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010482
    Objective: We aimed to meta-analyze the effects of combined upper and lower limb plyometric training (ULLPT) on physical fitness attributes in athletes. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, PubMed, and SCOPUS, for up to 13 August 2022. Controlled studies with baseline and follow-up measures were included if they examined the effects of ULLPT on at least one measure of physical fitness indices in athletes. A random effects meta-analysis was performed using the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software. Results: Fifteen moderate-to-high-quality studies with 523 participants aged 12−22.4 years were included in the analyses. Small to large (ES = 0.42−1.66; p = 0.004 to <0.001) effects were noted for upper and lower body muscle power, linear sprint speed, upper and lower body muscle strength, agility, and flexibility, while no significant effects on static and dynamic balance were noted (ES = 0.44−0.10; all p > 0.05). Athletes’ sex, age, and training program variables had no modulator role on the effects of ULLPT in available data sets. Conclusions: ULLPT induces distinct neuro-muscular adaptations in the upper and lower body musculature and is an efficient method for enhancing athletes’ physical fitness.
    Matched MeSH terms: Lower Extremity
  18. Postural Control and Adaptation Strategy of Young Adults on Unstable Surface
    Lai QQ, Gouwanda D, Gopalai AA
    Motor Control, 2023 Apr 01;27(2):179-193.
    PMID: 36216337 DOI: 10.1123/mc.2021-0138
    Balance control is essential for postural adjustment in physical activities. This study investigates the behavior of human postural control and the coordination and adaptation strategy of hip, knee, and ankle when standing on an unstable surface. Twenty participants were recruited. Four different conditions were investigated: a quiet bipedal stance with eyes open and eyes closed, and standing on an unstable surface with eyes open and eyes closed. Other than the joint angle, the standard body sway measures, such as sway area and sway velocity, were computed. A nonlinear time series measure, that is, sample entropy, was used to determine the regularity of the time series and body adaptability to change and perturbation. The results show that the body sway increases as the difficulty increases. This study also confirms the coordination of the hip, knee, and ankle to maintain body balance on the unstable surface by decreasing the joint angle and adopting a lower posture. Even though the individual joint has lower sample entropy value and is deemed to be rigid and less adaptive to perturbation, the postural control exhibits higher sample entropy value, particularly in the anterior-posterior direction, and has the ability to stabilize the body by manipulating the joints simultaneously. These outcomes suggest that an unstable surface not only challenges the human postural control, but also reduces the hip, knee, and ankle adaptability to perturbation, thus making it a great tool to train body balance.
    Matched MeSH terms: Lower Extremity
  19. Biomechanical comparison of new Achilles tendon rupture repair technique the "Giftbox" versus the Krackow technique in New Zealand white rabbits: An experimental animal study
    Hashim MH, Teo SH, Al-Fayyadh MZM, Mappiare S, Ng WM, Ali MRM
    Injury, 2022 Feb;53(2):393-398.
    PMID: 34740441 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2021.10.016
    INTRODUCTION: To compare the strength between the Achilles tendons repaired with the "Giftbox" and the Krackow techniques in New Zealand white rabbits post six weeks of tendon healing.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eight rabbits were randomized into Giftbox and Krackow groups. Tenotomy was performed on the Achilles tendon of one side of the lower limb and repaired with the respective techniques. The contralateral limb served as control. Subjects were euthanized six weeks post-operative, and both repaired and control Achilles tendons were harvested for biomechanical tensile test.

    RESULTS: The means of maximum load to rupture and tenacity in the Giftbox group (156.89 ± 38.49 N and 159.98 ± 39.25 gf/tex) were significantly different than Krackow's (103.55 ± 27.48 N and 104.91 ± 26.96 gf/tex, both p = 0.043).

    CONCLUSION: The tendons repaired with Giftbox technique were biomechanically stronger than those repaired with Krackow technique after six weeks of tendon healing.

    Matched MeSH terms: Lower Extremity
  20. Effect of Video-Assisted Isometric Strengthening Exercise Program on Pain and Muscle Strength Poststabilization of Lower Limb Fracture
    Lee WL, Ramanathan S, Danaee M, Zaini NH, Ramoo V
    Orthop Nurs, 2023 11 22;42(6):354-362.
    PMID: 37989155 DOI: 10.1097/NOR.0000000000000985
    The benefits of isometric strengthening exercises (ISEs) are compromised when patient teaching on ISEs is delayed and/or ineffectively delivered due to healthcare resources constraint, especially when health resources are stretched, as occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to examine the effect of a video-assisted ISE program on pain and muscle strength of patients following surgical stabilization of lower limb fracture. A quasi-experimental study with repeated measures was employed. Primary study outcomes were assessed using the Brief Pain Inventory and Manual Muscle Test. Effects over time were analyzed using generalized estimating equations. In comparison with usual care group (n = 32), the intervention group (n = 33) showed better pain reduction over time (p < .001, effect size [ES] = 0.39-1.77) and muscle strength preservation (p < .05; ES = 0.8-0.9). Patient acceptance of the intervention was favorable. Integration of video clips into patient teaching on ISEs is potentially beneficial in managing pain and muscle strength; it can be easily deployed to aid early ISE initiation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Lower Extremity
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