Displaying publications 61 - 80 of 3427 in total

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  1. A mesocarp-and species-specific cDNA clone from oil palm encodes for sesquiterpene synthase
    Shah FH, Cha TS
    Plant Sci, 2000 May 29;154(2):153-160.
    PMID: 10729614
    The differential display method was used to isolate cDNAs corresponding to transcripts that accumulate during the period of lipid synthesis, 12-20 weeks after anthesis (WAA) in the mesocarp of two oil palms, Elaeis oleifera and Elaeis guineensis, Tenera. DNA-free total RNA from mesocarp and kernel of E. guineensis, Tenera and E. oleifera (15 WAA) were used to obtain differential gene expression patterns between these tissues from the two species. In this report, we describe the isolation and characterization of a specific cDNA clone, MO1 (434 bp) which was shown to be mesocarp-specific as well as species-specific for E. oleifera Sequencing of this fragment showed homology to the enzyme sesquiterpene synthase. Its longer cDNA clone, pMO1 (1072 bp), isolated from a 15-week E. oleifera mesocarp cDNA library confirmed that it encodes for sesquiterpene synthase. The complete sequence of 1976 bp was obtained using 5'RACE method. Northern hybridization showed that MO1 and pMO1 mRNA transcripts are highly expressed only in the mesocarp of E. oleifera from 5 to 20 WAA. No expression was detected in the kernel (12-17 WAA) and vegetative tissues of both species nor in the mesocarp of E. guineensis. This is the first communication to document on the isolation and characterisation of a mesocarp-and species-specific cDNA clone from oil palm.
    Matched MeSH terms: DNA; DNA, Complementary
  2. A microdevice for rapid, monoplex and colorimetric detection of foodborne pathogens using a centrifugal microfluidic platform
    Sayad A, Ibrahim F, Mukim Uddin S, Cho J, Madou M, Thong KL
    Biosens Bioelectron, 2018 Feb 15;100:96-104.
    PMID: 28869845 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2017.08.060
    Outbreaks of foodborne diseases have become a global health concern; hence, many improvements and developments have been made to reduce the risk of food contamination. We developed a centrifugal microfluidic automatic wireless endpoint detection system integrated with loop mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) for monoplex pathogen detection. Six identical sets were designed on the microfluidic compact disc (CD) to perform 30 genetic analyses of three different species of foodborne pathogens. The consecutive loading, mixing, and aliquoting of the LAMP primers/reagents and DNA sample solutions were accomplished using an optimized square-wave microchannel, metering chambers and revulsion per minute (RPM) control. We tested 24 strains of pathogenic bacteria (Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp and Vibrio cholerae), with 8 strains of each bacterium, and performed DNA amplification on the microfluidic CD for 60min. Then, the amplicons of the LAMP reaction were detected using the calcein colorimetric method and further analysed via the developed electronic system interfaced with Bluetooth wireless technology to transmit the results to a smartphone. The system showed a limit of detection (LOD) of 3 × 10-5ngμL-1 DNA by analysing the colour change when tested with chicken meat spiked with the three pathogenic bacteria. Since the entire process was performed in a fully automated way and was easy to use, our microdevice is suitable for point-of-care (POC) testing with high simplicity, providing affordability and accessibility even to poor, resource-limited settings.
    Matched MeSH terms: DNA, Bacterial/genetics; DNA, Bacterial/isolation & purification
  3. Fulltext A mini-review on the effects of COVID-19 on younger individuals
    Manivannan M, Jogalekar MP, Kavitha MS, Maran BAV, Gangadaran P
    Exp Biol Med (Maywood), 2021 02;246(3):293-297.
    PMID: 33210552 DOI: 10.1177/1535370220975118
    Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has uprooted our lives like never before since its onset in the late December 2019. The world has seen mounting infections and deaths over the past few months despite the unprecedented measures countries are implementing, such as lockdowns, social distancing, mask-wearing, and banning gatherings in large groups. Interestingly, young individuals seem less likely to be impacted by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus responsible for COVID-19. While the rate of transmission, symptom presentation, and fatality is lower in children than people from other age groups, they have been disproportionately affected by strict lockdown measures needed to curb viral spread. In this review, we describe the association between patient age and COVID-19, epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children, psychological effects associated with lockdowns and school closures, and possible mechanisms underlying lower transmission rate of COVID-19 in children.
    Matched MeSH terms: DNA Viruses
  4. Fulltext A modified method for genomic DNA extraction from the fish intestinal microflora
    Han Z, Sun J, Lv A, Sung Y, Sun X, Shi H, et al.
    AMB Express, 2018 Apr 02;8(1):52.
    PMID: 29610998 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-018-0578-3
    A modified genomic DNA extraction method named the combination of lysozyme and ultrasonic lysis (CLU) method was used to analyze the fish intestinal microflora. In this method, the physical disruption and chemical lysis steps were combined, and some parameters in the key steps were adjusted. In addition, the results obtained by this method were compared with the results obtained by the Zirmil-beating cell disruption method and the QIAamp Fast DNA Stool Mini Kit. The OD260/OD280ratio and concentration of the DNA extracted using the CLU method were 2.02 and 282.8 µg/µL, respectively; when the incubation temperatures for lysozyme and RNase were adjusted to 37 °C, those values were 2.08 and 309.8 µg/µL, respectively. On the agarose gel, a major high-intensity, discrete band of more than 10 kb was found for the CLU method. However, the smearing intensity of degraded DNA was lower when the incubation temperatures were 60 °C for lysozyme and 30 °C for RNase than when incubation temperatures of 37 °C for lysozyme and 37 °C for RNase were used. The V3 variable region of the prokaryotic 16S rDNA was amplified, and an approximately 600-bp fragment was observed when the DNA extracted using the CLU method was used as a template. The CLU method is simple and cost effective, and it yields high-quality, unsheared, high-molecular-weight DNA, which is comparable to that obtained with a commercially available kit. The extracted DNA has potential for applications in critical molecular biology techniques.
    Matched MeSH terms: DNA, Ribosomal
  5. A molecular epidemiologic study of thalassemia using newborns' cord blood in a multiracial Asian population in Singapore: results and recommendations for a population screening program
    Kham SK, Yin SK, Quah TC, Loong AM, Tan PL, Fraser A, et al.
    J Pediatr Hematol Oncol, 2004 Dec;26(12):817-9.
    PMID: 15591902
    DNA technology provides a new avenue to perform neonatal screening tests for single-gene diseases in populations of high frequency. Thalassemia is one of the high-frequency single-gene disorders affecting Singapore and many countries in the malaria belt. The authors explored the feasibility of using PCR-based diagnostic screening on 1,116 unselected sequential cord blood samples for neonatal screening. The cord blood samples were screened for the most common reported alpha- and beta-thalassemia mutations in each ethnic group (Chinese, Malays, and Indians) in a multiracial population. The carrier frequency for alpha-thalassemia mutations was about 6.4% in the Chinese (alpha deletions = 3.9%, alpha deletions = 2.5%), 4.8% in Malays, and 5.2% in Indians. Only alpha deletions were observed in the Chinese. The carrier frequency for beta-thalassemia mutations was 2.7% in the Chinese, 6.3% in Malays, and 0.7% in Indians. Extrapolating to the population distribution of Singapore, the authors found a higher overall expected carrier frequency for alpha- and beta-thalassemia mutations of 9% compared with a previous population study of 6% by phenotype. The highly accurate results make this molecular epidemiologic screening an ideal method to screen for and prevent severe thalassemia in high-risk populations.
    Matched MeSH terms: DNA Mutational Analysis
  6. A molecular epidemiological study targeting the glycoprotein gene of rabies virus isolates from China
    Meng SL, Yan JX, Xu GL, Nadin-Davis SA, Ming PG, Liu SY, et al.
    Virus Res, 2007 Mar;124(1-2):125-38.
    PMID: 17129631
    A group of 31 rabies viruses (RABVs), recovered primarily from dogs, one deer and one human case, were collected from various areas in China between 1989 and 2006. Complete G gene sequences determined for these isolates indicated identities of nucleotide and amino acid sequences of >or=87% and 93.8%, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis of these and some additional Chinese isolates clearly supported the placement of all Chinese viruses in Lyssavirus genotype 1 and divided all Chinese isolates between four distinct groups (I-IV). Several variants identified within the most commonly encountered group I were distributed according to their geographical origins. A comparison of representative Chinese viruses with other isolates retrieved world-wide indicated a close evolutionary relationship between China group I and II viruses and those of Indonesia while China group III viruses formed an outlying branch to variants from Malaysia and Thailand. China group IV viruses were closely related to several vaccine strains. The predicted glycoprotein sequences of these RABVs variants are presented and discussed with respect to the utility of the anti-rabies biologicals currently employed in China.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sequence Analysis, DNA
  7. A more elaborative way to check codon quality: an open source program
    Shardiwal RK, Sohrab SS
    Int J Bioinform Res Appl, 2010;6(3):223-9.
    PMID: 20615831
    Relative Synonymous Codon Usage (RSCU) and Relative Adaptiveness of a Codon (RAC) table bias importance in gene expression are well documented in the literature. However, to improve the gene expression we need to figure out which codons are optimal for the expression in order to synthesise an appropriate DNA sequence. An alternative to the manual approach, which is obviously a tedious task, is to set up software on your computer to perform this. Though such kinds of programs are available on the internet, none of them are open-source libraries. Here, one can use our Perl program to do his or her task more easily and efficiently. It is free for everyone.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sequence Analysis, DNA/methods
  8. A multi-locus approach resolves the phylogenetic relationships of the Simulium asakoae and Simulium ceylonicum species groups in Malaysia: evidence for distinct evolutionary lineages
    Low VL, Takaoka H, Adler PH, Ya'cob Z, Norma-Rashid Y, Chen CD, et al.
    Med Vet Entomol, 2015 Sep;29(3):330-7.
    PMID: 25968459 DOI: 10.1111/mve.12120
    A multi-locus approach was used to examine the DNA sequences of 10 nominal species of blackfly in the Simulium subgenus Gomphostilbia (Diptera: Simuliidae) in Malaysia. Molecular data were acquired from partial DNA sequences of the mitochondria-encoded cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI), 12S rRNA and 16S rRNA genes, and the nuclear-encoded 18S rRNA and 28S rRNA genes. No single gene, nor the concatenated gene set, resolved all species or all relationships. However, all morphologically established species were supported by at least one gene. The multi-locus sequence analysis revealed two distinct evolutionary lineages, conforming to the morphotaxonomically recognized Simulium asakoae and Simulium ceylonicum species groups.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sequence Analysis, DNA
  9. A nanoplex PCR assay for the rapid detection of vancomycin and bifunctional aminoglycoside resistance genes in Enterococcus species
    Yean CY, Yin LS, Lalitha P, Ravichandran M
    BMC Microbiol, 2007 Dec 11;7:112.
    PMID: 18070365
    BACKGROUND: Enterococci have emerged as a significant cause of nosocomial infections in many parts of the world over the last decade. The most common enterococci strains present in clinical isolates are E. faecalis and E. faecium which have acquired resistant to either gentamicin or vancomycin. The conventional culture test takes 2-5 days to yield complete information of the organism and its antibiotic sensitivity pattern. Hence our present study was focused on developing a nanoplex PCR assay for the rapid detection of vancomycin and bifunctional aminoglycoside resistant enterococci (V-BiA-RE). This assay simultaneously detects 8 genes namely 16S rRNA of Enterococcus genus, ddl of E. faecalis and E. faecium, aacA-aphD that encodes high level gentamicin resistance (HLGR), multilevel vancomycin resistant genotypes such as vanA, vanB, vanC and vanD and one internal control gene.

    RESULTS: Unique and specific primer pairs were designed to amplify the 8 genes. The specificity of the primers was confirmed by DNA sequencing of the nanoplex PCR products and BLAST analysis. The sensitivity and specificity of V-BiA-RE nanoplex PCR assay was evaluated against the conventional culture method. The analytical sensitivity of the assay was found to be 1 ng at the DNA level while the analytical specificity was evaluated with 43 reference enterococci and non-enterococcal strains and was found to be 100%. The diagnostic accuracy was determined using 159 clinical specimens, which showed that 97% of the clinical isolates belonged to E. faecalis, of which 26% showed the HLGR genotype, but none were vancomycin resistant. The presence of an internal control in the V-BiA-RE nanoplex PCR assay helped us to rule out false negative cases.

    CONCLUSION: The nanoplex PCR assay is robust and can give results within 4 hours about the 8 genes that are essential for the identification of the most common Enterococcus spp. and their antibiotic sensitivity pattern. The PCR assay developed in this study can be used as an effective surveillance tool to study the prevalence of enterococci and their antibiotic resistance pattern in hospitals and farm animals.

    Matched MeSH terms: DNA, Bacterial/genetics; DNA Primers
  10. A new Cosmocercoides species (Ascaridida: Cosmocercidae), C. wuyiensis n. sp., from the Asiatic frog Amolops wuyiensis (Amphibia: Anura)
    Liu Y, Yu Q, Shu YL, Zhao JH, Fang JY, Wu HL
    J Helminthol, 2019 Jul 12;94:e59.
    PMID: 31296272 DOI: 10.1017/S0022149X19000518
    We identified and characterized a new cosmocercid nematode species, Cosmocercoides wuyiensis n. sp., through microscopic examination and sequencing of the partial small ribosomal RNA gene (18S rDNA), internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) genes. The new species was isolated from the intestine of the Asiatic frog Amolops wuyiensis Liu and Hu, 1975 captured from four localities of the Anhui province in south-east China. Among the 25 recorded species of the Cosmocercoides genus, the morphology of C. wuyiensis n. sp. is closest to that of C. kiliwai and C. malayensis, which were isolated from various Mexican frog and Malaysian lizard species, respectively. However, C. wuyiensis n. sp. displayed several distinguishing features, such as small size of the male body, two spicules of unequal lengths in the male, small gubernaculum, pre-, ad- and post-cloacal caudal rosette papillae in the ratio of 18-24:2:6 and simple papillae in the ratio of 14:multiple:4, circle and number of punctation in each rosette at 1:11-16, sharply conical tail-end and the presence of lateral alae and somatic papillae in both sexes. BLAST and the phylogenetic analyses of the 18S rDNA and ITS sequences indicated that C. wuyiensis n. sp. belonged to the genus Cosmocercoides, while that of the COI gene sequence of C. wuyiensis n. sp. showed 16.36% nucleotide divergence with C. pulcher and 47.99% nucleotide divergence with C. qingtianensis. The morphological and molecular characterization of C. wuyiensis n. sp. provides new taxonomic data for this genus.
    Matched MeSH terms: DNA, Ribosomal/genetics; DNA, Intergenic/genetics
  11. A new HLA-B*35 allele, B*3589, detected in a Malaysian individual
    Phipps M, Jinam T
    Tissue Antigens, 2009 Mar;73(3):279-80.
    PMID: 19144089 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2008.01195.x
    A novel human leukocyte antigen-B allele officially named B*3589, was found in an indigenous individual of Jehai ethnicity when sequencing was performed to investigate human genome variation in a research project. B*3589 differs form B*3505 in a point mutation at codon 169 (CGC to TGC) resulting in an amino acid change from Arg to Cys.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sequence Analysis, DNA
  12. A new bacterial white spot syndrome (BWSS) in cultured tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon and its comparison with white spot syndrome (WSS) caused by virus
    Wang YG, Lee KL, Najiah M, Shariff M, Hassan MD
    Dis Aquat Organ, 2000 May 25;41(1):9-18.
    PMID: 10907134
    This paper describes a new bacterial white spot syndrome (BWSS) in cultured tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon. The affected shrimp showed white spots similar to those caused by white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), but the shrimp remained active and grew normally without significant mortalities. The study revealed no evidence of WSSV infection using electron microscopy, histopathology and nested polymerase chain reaction. Electron microscopy indicated bacteria associated with white spot formation, and with degeneration and discoloration of the cuticle as a result of erosion of the epicuticle and underlying cuticular layers. Grossly the white spots in BWSS and WSS look similar but showed different profiles under wet mount microscopy. The bacterial white spots were lichen-like, having perforated centers unlike the melanized dots in WSSV-induced white spots. Bacteriological examination showed that the dominant isolate in the lesions was Bacillus subtilis. The occurrence of BWSS may be associated with the regular use of probiotics containing B. subtilis in shrimp ponds. The externally induced white spot lesions were localized at the integumental tissues, i.e., cuticle and epidermis, and connective tissues. Damage to the deeper tissues was limited. The BWS lesions are non-fatal in the absence of other complications and are usually shed through molting.
    Matched MeSH terms: DNA Viruses
  13. A new black fly species of Simulium (Nevermannia) (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Vietnam
    Takaoka H, Low VL, Tan TK, Sofian-Azirun M, Chen CD, Lau KW, et al.
    Acta Trop, 2019 Feb;190:320-328.
    PMID: 30496721 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2018.11.025
    Simulium pumatense sp. nov. is described from Vietnam, and is placed in the Simulium feuerborni species-group of the subgenus Simulium (Nevermannia) Enderlein. Its morphological characteristics include the relatively smaller numbers of the following three numerical features: inner teeth of the female mandible (15-18), minute conical processes (16) on the female cibarium, and male upper-eye facets (in 15 vertical columns and 16 horizontal rows). Keys are constructed to distinguish this species from four species of the same group in Vietnam. Our molecular analysis of the DNA barcoding COI gene shows that this species is most closely related to cytoform A of the S. feuerborni complex from Thailand.
    Matched MeSH terms: DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic
  14. Fulltext A new genus of air-breathing marine slugs from South-East Asia (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Onchidiidae)
    Dayrat B, Goulding TC, Khalil M, Comendador J, Xuân QN, Tan SK, et al.
    Zookeys, 2019;877:31-80.
    PMID: 31592220 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.877.36698
    As part of an ongoing effort to revise the taxonomy of air-breathing, marine, onchidiid slugs, a new genus, Laspionchis Dayrat & Goulding, gen. nov., is described from the mangroves of South-East Asia. It includes two new species, Laspionchis boucheti Dayrat & Goulding, sp. nov., and Laspionchis bourkei Dayrat & Goulding, sp. nov., both distributed from the Malacca Strait to the Philippines and Australia. This study is based on extensive field work in South-East Asia, comparative anatomy, and both mitochondrial (COI and 16S) and nuclear (ITS2 and 28S) DNA sequences. The two new species are found in the same habitat (mud surface in mangrove forests) and are externally cryptic but are distinct anatomically. Both species are also strongly supported by DNA sequences. Three cryptic, least-inclusive, reciprocally-monophyletic units within Laspionchis bourkei are regarded as subspecies: L. bourkei bourkei Dayrat & Goulding, ssp. nov., L. bourkei lateriensis Dayrat & Goulding, ssp. nov., and L. bourkei matangensis Dayrat & Goulding, ssp. nov. The present contribution shows again that species delineation is greatly enhanced by considering comparative anatomy and nuclear DNA sequences in addition to mitochondrial DNA sequences, and that thorough taxonomic revisions are the best and most efficient path to accurate biodiversity knowledge.
    Matched MeSH terms: DNA, Mitochondrial
  15. Fulltext A new insular species of skink of the genus Sphenomorphus Strauch 1887 (Squamata: Scincidae) from Pulau Perhentian Besar, Terengganu, Peninsular Malaysia
    Grismer, Lee L., Wood, Perry Lee Jr., Grismer, Jesse Leland
    Trop Life Sci Res, 2009;20(1):-.
    MyJurnal
    A new species of small, insular, forest floor skink, Sphenomorphus perhentianensis sp. nov., is described from Pulau Perhentian Besar of the Perhentian Archipelago, Peninsular Malaysia. This species is differentiated from all other 36 Sundaland species of Sphenomorphus based on a unique collection of morphological and colour pattern characteristics. These unique characteristics include a snout-vent length of 30.0 mm, 29 midbody scale rows, smooth as opposed to striated dorsal scales, 65 paravertebrals, 61 ventrals, 4 supraoculars, parietals contacting the posterior-most supraocular, 1 medially projecting superciliary scale, 2 loreals, 6 supralabials and infralabials, 10 lamellae beneath the fourth toe, smooth subdigital lamellae, enlarged preanal scales, no body bands, a dark brown, diffuse, dorsolateral stripe extending to just past the axilla, a cream coloured dorsolateral stripe on the nape and anterior-most portion of the body, and no cream coloured postorbital stripe. The discovery of a second endemic reptile in the Perhentian Archipelago underscores the unrealized biodiversity of its herpetofauna. Additional works will describe two additional species from the Perhentian Archipelago.
    Matched MeSH terms: DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase
  16. A new method for FMR1 gene methylation screening by multiplex methylation-specific real-time polymerase chain reaction
    Elias MH, Ankathil R, Salmi AR, Sudhikaran W, Limprasert P, Zilfalil BA
    Genet Test Mol Biomarkers, 2011 Jun;15(6):387-93.
    PMID: 21329465 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2010.0191
    Fragile X Syndrome (FXS) is the most common form of inherited mental retardation in men. It is caused by abnormalities in the FMR1 gene that are associated with CGG repeat expansion and the hypermethylation status of its promoter. Methylated alleles lead to transcriptional inhibition and consequent loss of Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein. Chemical modification of cytosine to uracil by bisulfite treatment has proved to be an attractive method for DNA methylation studies that precludes labor-intensive Southern blot analysis, which is the gold standard test for FXS. In this report, bisulfite-treated DNA samples were amplified using real-time multiplex methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction followed by melting curve analysis. Our results show that all control samples with known CGG repeat numbers and methylation statuses were correctly diagnosed. The samples from 43 male patients were also successfully diagnosed, which were in complete agreement with the results of Southern blotting. By such means, 39 patients were found to have an unmethylated allele; 3, a fully mutated allele; and 1, both methylated and unmethylated alleles, thus implying a diagnosis of mosaicism. In conclusion, we find our method to be convenient for screening a large number of male patients with FXS, because it is rapid and easy to perform, especially when there is a low quantity of DNA that must be sensitively and accurately assayed.
    Matched MeSH terms: DNA Methylation
  17. A new organic solvent tolerant protease from Bacillus pumilus 115b
    Rahman RN, Mahamad S, Salleh AB, Basri M
    J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol, 2007 Jul;34(7):509-17.
    PMID: 17492323
    Five out of the nine benzene-toulene-ethylbenzene-xylene (BTEX) tolerant bacteria that demonstrated high protease activity on skim milk agar were isolated. Among them, isolate 115b identified as Bacillus pumilus exhibited the highest protease production. The protease produced was stable in 25% (v/v) benzene and toluene and it was activated 1.7 and 2.5- fold by n-dodecane and n-tetradecane, respectively. The gene encoding the organic solvent tolerant protease was cloned and its nucleotide sequence determined. Sequence analysis revealed an open reading frame (ORF) of 1,149 bp that encoded a polypeptide of 383 amino acid residues. The polypeptide composed of 29 residues of signal peptide, a propeptide of 79 residues and a mature protein of 275 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 27,846 Da. This is the only report available to date on organic solvent tolerant protease from B. pumilus.
    Matched MeSH terms: DNA, Bacterial/genetics; DNA, Bacterial/chemistry; Sequence Analysis, DNA
  18. Fulltext A new record of Iranihindia martellata (Senior-White,1924) (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) from peninsular Malaysia and female identification using both morphology and DNA-based approaches
    Tan SH, Mohd Aris E, Kurahashi H, Mohamed Z
    Trop Biomed, 2010 Aug;27(2):287-93.
    PMID: 20962727
    Iranihindia martellata (Senior-White, 1924) is recorded from peninsular Malaysia for the first time. Male and female specimens in the recent collections of forensically important sarcophagid flies were examined and identified based on morphology and DNA sequencing analysis. Male genitalia offer unambiguous species identification characteristics in the traditional taxonomy of flesh flies but the female flies are very similar to one another in general morphology. Female of I. martellata was determined by DNA sequencing (COI and COII) and PCR-RFLP (COI) analysis. Identified females were carefully examined and compared with the morphologically similar species, Liopygia ruficornis (Fabricius, 1794). Female genitalia are re-described and illustrated in this paper.
    Matched MeSH terms: DNA/genetics*
  19. A new rhabditoid nematode species in Asian sciurids, distinct from Strongyloides robustus in North American sciurids
    Sato H, Torii H, Une Y, Ooi HK
    J Parasitol, 2007 Dec;93(6):1476-86.
    PMID: 18314696 DOI: 10.1645/GE-1106.1
    Strongyloides callosciureus n. sp. (Nematoda: Rhabditoidea), from Asian sciurids, is described based on morphology, morphometry, and the small and large subunit (SSU/LSU) ribosomal RNA gene (rDNA) sequences. This new species was collected from Pallas's squirrels (Callosciurus erythraeus) in the central part of mainland Japan (Honshu), which were originally introduced from Taiwan some decades ago, and plantain squirrels (Callosciurus notatus) imported from Malaysia as personal pets. For comparison, Strongyloides robustus Chandler, 1942 was collected from American red squirrels (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus) and southern flying squirrels (Glaucomys volans) imported from the United States as personal pets. The parasitic females found in North American and Asian sciurids shared some key morphological features such as the ovary running spirally around the gut, and the shapes of the stoma in the apical view and the tail. However, morphometric features of parasitic females in North American and Asian sciurids differed significantly from each other; the former was larger than the latter, and the relative position of the vulva to the whole body length from the mouth was different. The SSU/LSU rDNA sequences supported the division of sciurid Strongyloides isolates by geographical distribution of the host and morphological features, leading us to propose the erection of new species.
    Matched MeSH terms: DNA, Ribosomal/chemistry
  20. Fulltext A new species group in the genus Dichaetophora, with descriptions of six new species from the Oriental region (Diptera, Drosophilidae)
    Yang JH, Toda MJ, Suwito A, Hashim R, Gao JJ
    Zookeys, 2017.
    PMID: 28769630 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.665.11609
    The genus Dichaetophora Duda comprises 61 described species classified into four species groups: agbo, tenuicauda, acutissima and sinensis. This genus is distributed exclusively in the Old World, and is rich in species in the tropical and subtropical areas of the Oriental, Australasian, and Afrotropical regions. In this paper, a new species group, the trilobita group, is established for six new species discovered from the Oriental region. The delimitation of these species is firstly performed in light of morphology and further with the aid of DNA sequences of the mitochondrial COI and COII (cytochrome c oxydase, subunits I and II, respectively) genes, considering also their respective geographical origins. Then, the new species (trilobita Yang & Gao, sp. n., heterochroma Yang & Gao, sp. n., flatosternata Yang & Gao, sp. n., borneoensis Yang & Gao, sp. n., javaensis Yang & Gao, sp. n., and sumatraensis Yang & Gao, sp. n.) are described, and a key, based on not only morphological but also molecular information, is provided.
    Matched MeSH terms: DNA
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