Displaying publications 61 - 80 of 88 in total

Abstract:
Sort:
  1. Central serous retinopathy: a preliminary report of 33 cases
    Eu-sen VO
    Med J Malaya, 1969 Sep;24(1):18-20.
    PMID: 4243836
    Matched MeSH terms: Eye Diseases*
  2. Fulltext A review of 115 cases of enucleation in west Malaysia
    Narasimha G, Chandran S
    Singapore Med J, 1977 Dec;18(4):224-7.
    PMID: 614696
    115 cases of enucleated eyes in the University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, are reviewed. Trauma 36, Glaucoma 28, tumours and suspected tumours 24 and Infection 17 are the main causes. Trauma caused mainly by sticks, stones and sharp Instruments Is largely confined to the age group below 30. Primary narrow angle glaucoma accounts for 5 cases. The main types of secondary glaucomas are due to aphakia (12) and a hypermature lens (7) . Two thirds of the tumours are retinoblastomas and this Is the commonest cause of removal below the age of 5 years. There are 4 cases 01 malignant melanoma, all are Chinese. The average age Incidence Is 43 years, which appears to be a decade earlier than in the Caucasians. Preventive measures especially In regards to trauma and glaucoma are discussed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Eye Diseases/surgery*
  3. Fulltext Causes of enucleation in West Malaysia
    Chandran S
    Singapore Med J, 1973 Dec;14(4):497-500.
    PMID: 4788120
    The primary cause of 68 enucleations in the University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, are reviewed and compared with those from Uganda and Jerusalem. Trauma 25% especially in the 20 - 29 age group was the most important cause, followed by corneal diseases 22% seen largely over the age of 50. Malignant tumours 16% consisting nearly all of retinoblastoma and a very low incidence of malignant melanoma when compared with the Caucasians. Glaucoma 12% was mainly of the narrow angle type. Males predominate nearly all age groups with an overall ratio of 2:1 and a peak of 5:1 in trauma.
    Matched MeSH terms: Eye Diseases/surgery*
  4. Metformin attenuated histopathological ocular deteriorations in a streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemic rat model
    Nahar N, Mohamed S, Mustapha NM, Lau S, Ishak NIM, Umran NS
    Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol, 2021 Mar;394(3):457-467.
    PMID: 33047165 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-020-01989-w
    Diabetes mellitus (DM) often causes ocular disorders leading to vision loss. Metformin is commonly prescribed for type 2 diabetes. This study assessed the effect of metformin on hyperglycemic histopathological eye abnormalities and some possible pathways involved. Male rats were divided into 3 groups (N = 6), namely, healthy control, hyperglycemic non-treated control, and hyperglycemic rats treated with 200 mg/kg metformin. Two weeks after diabetes induction by an intraperitoneal streptozotocin (60 mg streptozotocin (STZ)/kg) injection, the rats develop ocular abnormalities, and metformin (200 mg/kg) treatment was administered daily. Rats underwent dilated retinal digital ophthalmoscope examination and graded for diabetic retinopathy. Rats were sacrificed at 12 weeks, and the cornea, lens, sclera, ciliary body, iris, conjunctiva, retinal, and optic nerve were examined histologically. Rats' fasting blood glucose and body weight were monitored. Serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), claudin-1, and glutathione/malondialdehyde ratios were analyzed. Metformin significantly attenuated diabetes-related histopathological ocular deteriorations in the cornea, lens, sclera, ciliary body, iris, conjunctiva, retina, and optic nerve partly by restoring serum TNF-α, VEGF, claudin-1, and glutathione/malondialdehyde ratios without significantly affecting the fasting blood glucose levels or body weight in these hyperglycemic rats. Metformin attenuated hyperglycemia-associated histopathological eye deteriorations, possibly partly by ameliorating vascular leakage, oxidative stress, inflammation, and neovascularization, without affecting the fasting blood glucose levels or body weights in these STZ-induced diabetic rats.
    Matched MeSH terms: Eye Diseases/blood; Eye Diseases/drug therapy*; Eye Diseases/etiology; Eye Diseases/pathology
  5. Current progress and challenges in ocular surface reconstruction using cultivated epithelial sheet transplantation
    Inatomi T, Nakamura T, Koizumi N, Sotozono C, Kinoshita S
    Med J Malaysia, 2008 Jul;63 Suppl A:42.
    PMID: 19024975
    The cultivated epithelial transplantation is a new surgical modality for treating a variety of severe ocular surface disorders. This type of tissue-engineered epithelial sheet provides a rapid epithelial coverage on the corneal surface that reduces inflammation and postoperative complications. Although cultivated corneal epithelial transplantation is an effective surgical strategy, autologous transplantation is limited to unilateral cases. Autologous cultivated oral mucosal epithelial transplantation (COMET) enables surgeons to reconstruct the ocular surface using autologous, non-ocular surface cells, and has opened a new pathway for treating severe, bilateral ocular surface disorders.
    Matched MeSH terms: Eye Diseases/surgery*; Eye Diseases/therapy
  6. Fulltext Optic neuropathy in thyroid eye disease: A case series
    Salleh NA, Wong HS, Mohd Isa HD
    Korean J Fam Med, 2016 May;37(3):197-201.
    PMID: 27274392 DOI: 10.4082/kjfm.2016.37.3.197
    In patients with thyroid disease, ocular involvement or thyroid ophthalmopathy is common, irrespective of their thyroid status. A common feature of thyroid eye disease is eyelid retraction, which leads to a classical starry gaze (Kocher sign). Treatment with radioactive iodine (RAI) is a known therapy for hyperthyroidism. However, this treatment may lead to or worsen thyroid ophthalmopathy. We report a case series of two patients with thyrotoxicosis, who presented with an atypical and subtle occurrence of thyroid eye disease (TED) soon after RAI therapy. One of the patients was initially diagnosed and treated for dry eyes; however, over a period of time, the patient's vision progressively deteriorated. Clinical and radiological investigations confirmed thyroid ophthalmopathy with low serum thyroid hormone levels. Both patients recovered well after immediate intensive intravenous steroid treatment. These cases highlight the importance of recognizing partial ptosis as one of the presenting signs of active TED among general practitioners and physicians.
    Matched MeSH terms: Eye Diseases
  7. Fulltext Prevalence of eye diseases and visual impairment among the rural population - a case study of Temerloh Hospital
    Thevi T, Maslina B, Reddy SC
    Malays Fam Physician, 2012;7(1):6-10.
    PMID: 25606238
    Objective: To determine the prevalence of eye diseases and visual impairment among new patients at the eye clinic of Hospital Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah, Temerloh, Pahang.
    Method: In this cross-sectional prospective study, 1081 new patients were examined over a period of six months. Age, gender, ethnicity, visual acuity and diagnosis were noted from the medical records.
    Results: Out of 1081 examined, 607 (56.1%) were males, 783 (72.4%) were Malays. The mean age of patients was 45.2 years (ranging from one month to 91 years). Cataract (248, 22.9%) was the most common eye disease, followed by retinal diseases (124, 11.5%) and ocular trauma (106, 9.8%). Majority of the patients (48) suffering from ocular trauma had foreign body cornea. In 85 premature infants screened for retinopathy, 19 showed different stages of retinopathy of prematurity. Visual impairment was noted in 89 (8.2%) patients, severe visual impairment in 12 (1.1%) and blindness in 35 (3.2%); vision could not be determined in 85 premature infants (7.9%). Cataract was singled out as the cause of severe visual impairment in 11 out of 12 patients.
    Conclusion: Health education at primary health centres and availability of eye specialists in all the district hospitals will facilitate the rehabilitation of visually impaired and blind persons by providing early treatment for eye problems (specifically prescription for spectacles, medical treatment and cataract surgery with intraocular lens implantation).
    Keywords: Visual impairment, cataract, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, refractive errors, ocular trauma, conjunctivitis
    Study site: Eye clinic, Hospital Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah, Temerloh, Pahang, Malaysia
    Matched MeSH terms: Eye Diseases
  8. Fulltext Antioxidant enzymes in tears among Malay age-related macular degeneration patients
    Yi Ni Koh, Embong Zunaina, Ahmad Tajudin Liza-Sharmini, Che Badariah Abd-Aziz, Che Hussin Che-Maraina, Mei Fong Chong, et al.
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2020;16(2):149-156.
    MyJurnal

    Introduction: Age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) is an ocular degenerative disorder that associated with impairment of central vision. Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of ARMD. The aim of this study was to determine the level of antioxidant enzymes (catalase and glutathione peroxidase) in tears among Malay ARMD patients. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted between September 2015 and November 2017 among Malay ARMD patients. Schirmer paper was used to collect the tear samples. The level of catalase and glu- tathione peroxidase level in tears was evaluated using commercially available oxidative stress marker kits. Results: A total of 136 Malay ARMD patients were recruited into the study with 68 controls. Mean tear catalase and gluta- thione peroxidase levels were significantly lower in ARMD patients (1348.97 SD 109.11 µM and 453.87 SD 41.96 U/L respectively) as compared to the control group (1453.38 SD 38.87 µM and 502.28 SD 34.29 U/L respectively) (P
    Matched MeSH terms: Eye Diseases
  9. Fulltext Community eye service program: factors associated with delayed presentation to a tertiary centre post community screening
    Nor Hafiza I., Lathalakshmi, T., Ab Hamid Siti-Azrin, Liza-Sharmini A.T.
    Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, 2017;2(2):42-47.
    MyJurnal
    Early detection and prompt treatment of eye diseases can prevent visual disability. To our knowledge, there is no published data on factors associated with delayed presentation of eye diseases in Malaysia. Our objective is to determine the proportion of patients with eye disease who had a delayed presentation to an ophthalmologist after an initial screening, as well as the factors associated with delay in seeking treatment. This was a retrospective cohort study of patients with eye diseases detected during a Community Eye Survey (CES) program from September 2004 to December 2012 who were referred to the ophthalmologist in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM). Delayed presentation of eye disease was defined as patients who came to the eye clinic more than six months after eye screening. Multiple logistic regression was used for analyses. A total of 434 patients who were referred to Hospital USM, Kubang Kerian were included in the study. Their mean (standard deviation) age was 55.65 (21.62) years. The majority of patients (76%) had delayed presentation of eye disease post screening. Type of ocular diseases was not associated with delayed presentation. The factors associated with delayed presentation were unemployment (adjusted odds ratio (OR): 2.51, 95% CI (1.36, 4.64), p

    Study site: Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM)
    Matched MeSH terms: Eye Diseases
  10. Injuries to the eye and associated structures
    Lowther AH
    Journal of the Malaya Branch of the British Medical Association, 1939;3:326-38.
    Matched MeSH terms: Eye Diseases
  11. Fulltext Varicella zoster causing preseptal cellulitis - uncommon but possible
    Qualickuz Zanan NH, Zahedi FD, Husain S
    Malays Fam Physician, 2017;12(3):37-39.
    PMID: 29527280
    Background: Varicella has been known to be a harmless childhood disease. However, it has been reported that severe complications have taken place following Varicella infection, in both immunocompetent, as well as immunocompromised, individuals. Cutaneous complications of Varicella may manifest as preseptal cellulitis, albeit rarely.

    Report: We present a case of a 4-year-old boy who presented with symptoms and signs of preseptal cellulitis following Varicella infection. He was referred to the otorhinolaryngology team for a nasoendoscopy to rule out sinusitis, in view of the fear that a child presenting with a swollen red eye may be a case of true orbital cellulitis. He was treated successfully with intravenous antibiotics and surgical drainage of the preseptal collection.

    Conclusion: It is imperative for clinicians to be aware that a simple Varicella infection may lead to cutaneous complications in the pediatric age group, especially in children who are 4 years and younger. They may develop preseptal cellulitis, whose presentation might mimic that of orbital cellulitis. Empirical treatment with antibiotics would be advantageous for the patient. A nasoendoscopic examination may also be warranted in these cases to rule out sinusitis as a cause of orbital cellulitis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Eye Diseases
  12. Fulltext Gallium scan in diagnosing ocular sarcoidosis
    Ismail S, Embong Z, Hitam WH
    Malays J Med Sci, 2005 Jan;12(1):64-7.
    PMID: 22605949
    A 40-year-old man presented with floaters and painless progressive blurring of vision in the right eye for one month duration. Visual acuity in the right eye was 6/24. There was mild anterior chamber reaction and vitritis. The optic disc was swollen and elevated with presence of granulomatous lesion in the optic disc head. Blood investigations were unremarkable. Serum angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) was normal and conjunctival biopsy showed presence of inflammatory cells. B-Scan ultrasound revealed an echo-dense lesion in the optic nerve head. There was increased uptake of the right lacrimal gland and presence of 'Panda sign' with Gallium scan. A diagnosis of right ocular sarcoidosis was made base on the clinical features and Gallium scan.
    Matched MeSH terms: Eye Diseases
  13. Fulltext Unicentric Castleman Disease: An Unusual Cause of An Isolated Neck Mass
    Kumar A, Aggarwal K, Agrawal H, Sharma S, Garg PK
    Malays J Med Sci, 2016 Jul;23(4):86-9.
    PMID: 27660550 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2016.23.4.12
    Castleman disease (CD) is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder of unknown aetiology. It manifests in two distinct clinical presentations: unicentric and multicentric. Unicentric CD is rare and may present as an isolated neck mass. A 22-year-old man presented with a 6-month history of right neck swelling that occupied the posterior triangle of the right neck region. After surgical exploration, a solitary, well defined, and hyper vascular mass was excise. A histopathological examination confirmed the lesion as CD, hyaline-vascular variant. CD of the neck is a diagnosis that is usually not taken into consideration while evaluating neck masses due to its rarity and unassuming presentation. It should be keep in the differential diagnosis of neck masses as the clinical and radiological features evade a firm diagnosis. The treatment of unicentric CD is complete surgical excision, which cures the patient.
    Matched MeSH terms: Eye Diseases, Hereditary
  14. Fulltext Ophthalmology inpatient consultation: does it make a difference to inpatient management?
    Tajunisah I, Azida J, Zurina ZA, Reddy SC
    Med J Malaysia, 2009 Jun;64(2):130-3.
    PMID: 20058572 MyJurnal
    Ophthalmology consultation is one of the commonest requested services for inpatients in a tertiary hospital. A total of 290 ophthalmology consultation requests were received over a period of six months (average 12 consultation requests per week) and from these, 222 patients were examined. The patient demographics, the hospitalization data, type of consultations (screening, new problem, preexisting problem), reasons for consultations and the ophthalmology diagnosis were determined. Out of 290 consultation requests, internal medicine services requested the highest number (95, 32.8%); the commonest type of consultation was screening for eye diseases (161, 55.5%) and the most common reason for consultation was to rule out diabetic retinopathy (125, 43.1%). The top five ophthalmology diagnoses after examination were diabetic retinopathy (45, 20.3%), diabetic retinopathy ruled out (37, 16.6%), conjunctivitis (12, 5.4%), refractive error (11, 4.8%) and normal ocular examination (11, 4.9%). Inpatient ophthalmologic procedures were performed in 146 patients, the commonest of which was retinal laser photocoagulation. A total of 133 (59.9%) inpatients had a change in their management as a result of the ophthalmology consultation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Eye Diseases/diagnosis
  15. Automatic tracing of optic disc and exudates from color fundus images using fixed and variable thresholds
    Reza AW, Eswaran C, Hati S
    J Med Syst, 2009 Feb;33(1):73-80.
    PMID: 19238899
    The detection of bright objects such as optic disc (OD) and exudates in color fundus images is an important step in the diagnosis of eye diseases such as diabetic retinopathy and glaucoma. In this paper, a novel approach to automatically segment the OD and exudates is proposed. The proposed algorithm makes use of the green component of the image and preprocessing steps such as average filtering, contrast adjustment, and thresholding. The other processing techniques used are morphological opening, extended maxima operator, minima imposition, and watershed transformation. The proposed algorithm is evaluated using the test images of STARE and DRIVE databases with fixed and variable thresholds. The images drawn by human expert are taken as the reference images. The proposed method yields sensitivity values as high as 96.7%, which are better than the results reported in the literature.
    Matched MeSH terms: Eye Diseases/diagnosis*
  16. Fulltext Awareness and knowledge of common eye diseases among the academic staff (non-medical faculties) of University of Malaya
    Chew YK, Reddy SC, Karina R
    Med J Malaysia, 2004 Aug;59(3):305-11.
    PMID: 15727374 MyJurnal
    A cross sectional study was conducted to assess the level of awareness and knowledge of common eye diseases (cataract, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy and refractive errors) among 473 academic staff (non-medical faculties) of University Malaya. The awareness of cataract was in 88.2%, diabetic retinopathy in 83.5%, refractive errors in 75.3% and glaucoma in 71.5% of the study population. The knowledge about all the above common eye diseases was moderate, except presbyopia which was poor. Multivariate analysis revealed that females, older people, and those having family history of eye diseases were significantly more aware and more knowledgeable about the eye diseases. Health education about eye diseases would be beneficial to seek early treatment and prevent visual impairment in the society.
    Matched MeSH terms: Eye Diseases/diagnosis*
  17. Fulltext Rice millers' syndrome: a preliminary report
    Lim HH, Domala Z, Joginder S, Lee SH, Lim CS, Abu Bakar CM
    Br J Ind Med, 1984 Nov;41(4):445-9.
    PMID: 6498108 DOI: 10.1136/oem.41.4.445
    A study was carried out to determine the health effects of rice husk dust in Malaysian rice millers. The study population consisted of 122 male Malay workers from three rice mills, with 42 controls of similar age, sex, ethnic group, and agricultural work background. Interviews using standardised questionnaires, physical examination, total and differential white cell counts, chest radiographs, and lung function tests were performed on each of the millers and the controls. Environmental dust monitoring was also carried out in the three rice mills. Clinical, haematological, and radiological findings suggest that a distinct clinical syndrome seems to be associated with exposure to rice husk dust. The manifestations of this "rice millers' syndrome" include acute and chronic irritant effects affecting the eyes, skin, and upper respiratory tract; allergic responses such as nasal catarrh, tightness of chest, asthma, and eosinophilia; and radiological opacities in the chest, probably representing early silicosis or extrinsic allergic alveolitis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Eye Diseases/etiology
  18. Dental care access among individuals with Down syndrome: a Malaysian scenario
    Abdul Rahim FS, Mohamed AM, Marizan Nor M, Saub R
    Acta Odontol Scand, 2014 Nov;72(8):999-1004.
    PMID: 25029211 DOI: 10.3109/00016357.2014.936036
    The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to assess the legal representatives' perceptions on dental care access of individuals with Down syndrome (DS) compared to their non-DS siblings in Peninsular Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Eye Diseases/therapy
  19. Salzmann's nodular degeneration of the cornea
    Vannas A, Hogan MJ, Wood I
    Am J Ophthalmol, 1975 Feb;79(2):211-9.
    PMID: 46719
    Eleven corneal specimens from nine patients with Salzmann's nodular degeneration of the cornea, together with all available clinical information, were collected for this study. The specimens were examined by light and electron microscopy. An antecedent keratitis was diagnosed by history and microscopic findings in every case. The corneal epithelium showed degenerative changes, its thickness varied, and in nodular areas it often consisted of only a single layer of flattened epithelial cells by light microscopy. Bowman's membrane was missing over the nodules, and in this zone there was excessive secretion of a basement membrane-like material. Hyaline degeneration of collagen, cellular debris, and electron-dense hyaline deposits were seen in the collagen of the nodules. The number of fibrocytes in the nodules varied from many that were active to a few that were degenerating. External irritation because of poor epithelial protection was interpreted as a causative factor, although other tissue repair mechanisms may also have played a role.
    Matched MeSH terms: Eye Diseases/pathology
  20. Fulltext Delayed onset porous polyethylene implant-related inflammation after orbital blowout fracture repair: four case reports
    Aryasit O, Ng DS, Goh ASC, Woo KI, Kim YD
    BMC Ophthalmol, 2016 Jul 07;16:94.
    PMID: 27387333 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-016-0287-0
    BACKGROUND: Porous polyethylene implants are commonly used in orbital blowout fracture repair because of purported biocompatibility, durability, and low frequency of complications. Delayed inflammation related to porous polyethylene sheet implants is very rare and no case series of this condition have been reported.

    CASE PRESENTATION: This is a retrospective review of clinical presentations, radiographic findings, histopathological findings, treatments, and outcomes of patients who developed delayed complications in orbital blowout fracture repair using porous polyethylene sheets. Four male patients were included with a mean age of 49 years (range 35-69 years). Blowout fracture repair was complicated with implant-related inflammation 10 months, 2 years, 3 years, and 8 years after surgery. Chronic and subacute orbital inflammatory signs were noted in two patients and acute fulminant orbital inflammation was found in two patients. Three patients developed peri-implant abscesses and one patient had a soft tissue mass around the implant. All patients underwent implant removal and two of these patients with paranasal sinusitis had sinus surgery. Histopathological findings revealed chronic inflammatory changes with fibrosis, and one patient had foreign body granuloma with culture positive Staphylococcus aureus.

    CONCLUSIONS: Delayed complications with porous polyethylene sheets used in orbital blowout fracture repair may occur many years following the initial surgery in immunocompetent patients. Low-grade or fulminant inflammation could complicate blowout fracture repair related with the implant.

    Matched MeSH terms: Eye Diseases/etiology*
Related Terms
Filters
Contact Us

Please provide feedback to Administrator (afdal@afpm.org.my)

External Links