MyMedR

[Nasal ascarids in Malaysia. 1. Ereynetoides malayi n.g.n. sp., parasite of Nectariniidae (Ereynetidae: Trombidiformes)]

FAIN A, NADCHATRAM M

Z Parasitenkd, 1962;22:68-82.

PMID: 13891331

Matched MeSH terms: Nose*

Effects of non-surgical rapid maxillary expansion on nasal structures and breathing: A systematic review

Alyessary AS, Othman SA, Yap AUJ, Radzi Z, Rahman MT

Int Orthod, 2019 03;17(1):12-19.

PMID: 30732977 DOI: 10.1016/j.ortho.2019.01.001

OBJECTIVE: This systematic review aims to determine the effects of non-surgical rapid maxillary expansion (RME) on breathing and upper airway structures.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: An electronic search of the scientific literature from January 2005 to June 2016 was done using Web of Science, Dentistry & Oral Sciences Source and PubMed databases. A combination of search terms "rapid maxillary expansion", "nasal", "airway" and "breathing" were used. Studies that involved surgical or combined RME-surgical treatments and patients with craniofacial anomalies were excluded.

RESULTS: The initial screening yielded a total of 183 articles. After evaluation of the titles, abstracts and accessing the full text, a total of 20 articles fulfilled both inclusion/exclusion criteria and possessed adequate evidence to be incorporated into this review.

CONCLUSIONS: Non-surgical RME was found to improve breathing, increase nasal cavity geometry and decrease nasal airway resistance in children and adolescents.

Matched MeSH terms: Nose/anatomy & histology*

Primary sinonasal Ewing sarcoma: A case report

Amri MF, Abdullah A, Azmi MI, Mohd Zaki F, Md Pauzi SH

Malays J Pathol, 2021 Aug;43(2):319-325.

PMID: 34448796

BACKGROUND: Ewing sarcoma (ES) is an aggressive tumour which is typically skeletal in origin. ES involving the head and neck region is uncommon and can be easily confused with other small round blue cell tumours. We herein present a rare case of ES involving the sinonasal area.

CASE PRESENTATION: A 5-year-old Somalian boy with no known medical illness presented with progressive nasal blockage associated with clear nasal discharge and intermittent spontaneous epistaxis for three months. CT paranasal sinus and neck region revealed poorly enhancing expansile mass in the right maxillary sinus with areas of necrosis within. Initial radiological differential diagnoses were lymphoma and rhabdomyosarcoma. The mass was biopsied and histologically showed diffuse sheets of small round blue cells that was positive to CD99, NSE and vimentin. The muscle and lymphoid markers were negative. Fluorescence in-situ hybridisation (FISH) study revealed the presence of EWSR1 gene rearrangement thus diagnosis of ES was rendered.

CONCLUSIONS: ES of sinonasal tract is a rare entity and its pathological features significantly overlap with others small round blue cells tumour. Demonstration of EWSR1 gene translocation is recommended for the diagnosis of ES particularly at uncommon sites.

Matched MeSH terms: Nose Neoplasms*

Fulltext Nasalization by Nasalis larvatus: Larger noses audiovisually advertise conspecifics in proboscis monkeys

Koda H, Murai T, Tuuga A, Goossens B, Nathan SKSS, Stark DJ, et al.

Sci Adv, 2018 02;4(2):eaaq0250.

PMID: 29507881 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaq0250

Male proboscis monkeys have uniquely enlarged noses that are prominent adornments, which may have evolved through their sexually competitive harem group social system. Nevertheless, the ecological roles of the signals encoded by enlarged noses remain unclear. We found significant correlations among nose, body, and testis sizes and a clear link between nose size and number of harem females. Therefore, there is evidence supporting both male-male competition and female choice as causal factors in the evolution of enlarged male noses. We also observed that nasal enlargement systematically modifies the resonance properties of male vocalizations, which probably encode male quality. Our results indicate that the audiovisual contributions of enlarged male noses serve as advertisements to females in their mate selection. This is the first primate research to evaluate the evolutionary processes involved in linking morphology, acoustics, and socioecology with unique masculine characteristics.

Matched MeSH terms: Nose/anatomy & histology*

Myomodulation Using Botulinum Toxin in Septorhinoplasty for Crooked Noses: Introducing the Concept and Application of Nasal Muscle Imbalance Theory

Wong EHC, D'Souza A

Facial Plast Surg, 2024 Feb;40(1):52-60.

PMID: 36878680 DOI: 10.1055/a-2047-7179

The role of septorhinoplasty for adequate correction of deviated nose is well documented, but the rationales and patterns for recurrences after proper rhinoplasty remain unclear. There has also been little attention given to the influence of nasal musculatures on the stability of nasal structures after septorhinoplasty. The aim of this article is to propose our nasal muscle imbalance theory, which may explain the potential reason for redeviation of the noses in the initial period after septorhinoplasty. We postulate that in a chronically deviated nose, the nasal muscles on the convex side will be stretched and develop hypertrophy after prolonged period of increased contractile activity. On the contrary, the nasal muscles on the concave side will undergo atrophy due to reduced load requirement. In the initial period of recovery after a septorhinoplasty to bring the nose back to midline, this muscle imbalance is still uncorrected with unequal pulling forces on the nasal structure because the stronger nasal muscles on the previously convex side is still hypertrophied and exert stronger forces compared with the previously concave side, therefore increasing the risk of redeviation of the nose back to the preoperative side until muscle atrophy occurs in the convex side and a balanced nasal muscle pull is achieved. We believe that postseptorhinoplasty botulinum toxin injections can be used as an adjunct in rhinoplasty surgery to effectively block the pulling actions of the stronger or overacting nasal muscles by speeding up the atrophy process while allowing patient's nose to heal and stabilize in the desired position. However, further studies to objectively confirm this hypothesis is required, which include comparing topographic measurements, imaging and electromyography signals before and after injections in postseptorhinoplasty patients. The authors have already planned a multicenter study to further evaluate this theory.

Matched MeSH terms: Nose/surgery

Nasofacial zygomycosis

Ng KH, Chin CS, Jalleh RD, Siar CH, Ngui CH, Singaram SP

Oral Surg. Oral Med. Oral Pathol., 1991 Dec;72(6):685-8.

PMID: 1812451

Zygomycosis is an uncommon polymorphic fungal disease. One clinical subtype, nasofacial zygomycosis, is caused by infectious exposure to the organism Conidiobolus coronatus. A case affecting the nose and lips of a 42-year-old Malay man is reported here. The clinicopathologic features and management of this disease are described, and its differential diagnosis is discussed.

Matched MeSH terms: Nose Diseases/drug therapy; Nose Diseases/microbiology; Nose Diseases/pathology*

Fulltext Nasal and nasal-type natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma: immunophenotype and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) association

Peh SC, Danielle Quen QW

Med J Malaysia, 2003 Jun;58(2):196-204.

PMID: 14569739

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is believed to have a pathogenic role in lymphomas of the upper-aerodigestive tract. This study aims to elucidate the virus association pattern in nasal and nasal-type NK/T-cell lymphomas, and in sequential biopsies of these tumours. A total of 31 cases of previously diagnosed as lethal midline granuloma. Stewart's granuloma, nasal T-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (T-NHL) and NK/T-cell lymphomas from all anatomical sites were retrieved from the files for the study. Reviews of these cases confirm 8 nasal T-NHL, 19 nasal and 4 extranasal lymphomas of NK/T-cell phenotype from 10 Malays, 18 Chinese, 2 Indian and 1 Kadazan. The male: female ratio was 2.4: 1. All T- and NK/T-cell lymphomas strongly expressed TIA-1 and 63% expressed CD2. The majority of NK/T-cell lymphoma occurred in Chinese (13/23), of which 12/13 (92%) of these cases were associated with EBV. Of the 15 nasal and 9 tonsillar B-cell lymphomas included for a comparison study, only 3 (20%) of the nasal cases were associated with EBV (1 male Chinese, 1 female Chinese and 1 male of other ethnic group). Eight cases of NK/T-cell tumours with sequential biopsies show persistence of EBV, irrespective of the interval and sites of subsequent presentations. This study confirms the cytotoxic nature of NK/T-cell tumour and that EBV is strongly associated with the disease regardless of the anatomical site of presentation and ethnicity. However, nasal and paranasal lymphomas of all phenotypes appear to show higher predilection of EBV association in the ethnic Chinese when compared to non-Chinese.

Matched MeSH terms: Nose Neoplasms/genetics; Nose Neoplasms/immunology*; Nose Neoplasms/virology*

Fulltext Adult and Pediatric Lateral Lamella Cribriform Plate Height: In Need for a Comparative Study

Sakandar G, Haron J, Mohamad A, Mohamad I, Ramli RR

Allergy Rhinol (Providence), 2019 09 09;10:2152656719874775.

PMID: 31534825 DOI: 10.1177/2152656719874775

Surgery for sinuses has evolved with the advancement of instruments and modification in techniques. Endoscopes have expanded the surgical roles for lesions in the nose and para-nasal sinuses with reduced rate of complications and cosmetic side effects. Nevertheless sinus surgery in pediatrics patients has its own challenges. Pre-operative imaging is of paramount important especially when embarking on skull base procedures. The differences between adult and pediatric anatomy need to be further studied.

Matched MeSH terms: Nose

Fulltext Unilateral Congenital Choanal Atresia: A Rare Missed Cause of Chronic Nasal Discharge

Wan Nur Anis Wan Draman, Addina Mat Baki, Hashimah Ismail, Shamina Sara Moses, Irfan Mohamad

Malaysian Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2020;26(1):14-20.

MyJurnal

Choanal atresia is an uncommon malformation of the upper airway. Bilateral choanal atresia usually detected earlier as it is often associated with severe asphyxia immediately after birth. The diagnosis is often delayed in unilateral type, and mostly presented with unilateral chronic nasal discharge. This condition is rarely encountered but should be considered as a possible differential diagnosis of persistent nasal discharge. We present a case of unilateral congenital choanal atresia in a 4-month-old baby girl presented with persistent unilateral nasal discharge. Diagnostic investigation and possible surgical treatment techniques were discussed.

Matched MeSH terms: Nose

Fulltext Leech in the Nose – an unusual cause of epistaxis

Nazli Zainuddin, Nair, Prenav, Farid Razali

Malays Fam Physician, 2016;11(23):33-34.

MyJurnal

Leech is an uncommon nasal foreign body, which can cause epistaxis. It is an aquatic segmental
worm living in fresh water most commonly in tropical areas. Once it is attached in the nose, it will
secrete an anticoagulant enzyme named hirudin, and that will result in continuous bleeding more
than from a normal wound even after it is removed. We present a case of a live leech in the nose
that caused unilateral epistaxis in a patient with a recent history of jungle trekking.

Matched MeSH terms: Nose

Fulltext Leech in the Nose - an unusual cause of epistaxis

Zainuddin N, Nair P, Razali F

Malays Fam Physician, 2016;11(2-3):33-34.

PMID: 28461857

Leech is an uncommon nasal foreign body, which can cause epistaxis. It is an aquatic segmental worm living in fresh water most commonly in tropical areas. Once it is attached in the nose, it will secrete an anticoagulant enzyme named hirudin, and that will result in continuous bleeding more than from a normal wound even after it is removed. We present a case of a live leech in the nose that caused unilateral epistaxis in a patient with a recent history of jungle trekking.

Matched MeSH terms: Nose

Fulltext A rare cause of respiratory distress in neonates – congenital nasal pyriform aperture stenosis

Yeong, Lee-chian, Veno Rajendran, Che Zubaidah Che Daud, Hung, Liang-choo

Malaysian Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2016;22(101):0-0.

MyJurnal

Neonates are obligate nasal breather until they are at least two to five months old. Congenital nasal airway obstruction is one of the commonest causes of respiratory problem in newborn. Congenital nasal pyriform aperture stenosis (CNPAS) was first described by Brown et al in 1989 [1] and is a rare cause of nasal airway obstruction which may clinically mimic choanal atresia.(Copied from article)

Matched MeSH terms: Nose

Fulltext Study of nasal parameters and nose types among university students in Malay population

Than, M., Thwin, S.S., Wai, M.M., MPhil, T. Yesmin, F. Zaini, Jaafar, K.A.M., et al.

Asian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2018;1(1):7-12.

MyJurnal

Human nose can be found in many shapes and sizes. Racial, ethnic and environmental influences can result in different appearances of the nose. Nasal parameters such as nasal height, nasal width and nasal index were investigated in the Malay population, using convenient sampling methods. Study sample consisted of 80 young Malay adults (40 males, 40 females) aged 19-30 years. The mean + SD values of nasal height of Malay male and female were 52.2 + 5.3 and 50.4 + 9.7 respectively. The mean + SD values of nasal width of Malay male and female were 39.7 + 3.0 and 36.7 + 3.2 respectively. Mean nasal indices in male and female were 76.66 and 74.55 respectively. The predominant nose type in Malay was found to be of mesorrhine type (medium nose) in both male (67.5%) and female (70%). These findings were comparable with studies done in other Asian races such as Malaysian Indian, Chinese and other Indians. The findings of this study may contribute to satisfactory outcomes in cosmetic and reconstructive rhinoplastic surgery, anthropology, and forensic medicine in the Malay population.

Matched MeSH terms: Nose

Fulltext Nasal septal abscess--retrospective analysis of 14 cases from University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur

Jalaludin MA

Singapore Med J, 1993 Oct;34(5):435-7.

PMID: 8153693

Fourteen patients who presented to the University Hospital of Kuala Lumpur between June 1981 and June 1991 were reviewed retrospectively. Nasal septal abscesses are uncommon and therefore there are limited reports in the medical literature. Early diagnosis and immediate therapy is mandatory to avoid cosmetic nasal deformity or intracranial infection. Two out of the fourteen patients developed saddle nose deformity and septal perforation because of delay in treatment, the cases were misdiagnosed by non-otolaryngologist as turbinates swelling. The leading cause of nasal septal abscess was non-surgical trauma which accounted for about 85.7%. The commonest pathogenic organism isolated from the pus of nasal septal abscess was Staphylococcus aureus.

Matched MeSH terms: Nose Diseases/etiology; Nose Diseases/microbiology; Nose Diseases/epidemiology

Nasal chondroma presenting as hypertelorism

Ismail F, Peyman M, Waran V, Vasudevan S, Subrayan V

Optom Vis Sci, 2015 Apr;92(4 Suppl 1):S33-5.

PMID: 25730333 DOI: 10.1097/OPX.0000000000000528

To report a rare case of nasal chondroma presenting as hypertelorism.

Matched MeSH terms: Nose Neoplasms/diagnosis*; Nose Neoplasms/surgery

Fulltext Nosocomial nasal myiasis in an intensive care unit

Nazni WA, Jeffery J, Lee HL, Lailatul AM, Chew WK, Heo CC, et al.

Malays J Pathol, 2011 Jun;33(1):53-6.

PMID: 21874753 MyJurnal

A 73-year-old Chinese man was admitted to the Accident and Emergency Premorbid Ward of a local hospital in Malaysia. The patient complained of shortness of breath with cough and was in a semi-conscious state. He was later admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) of the hospital. Six days after admission 5-6 maggots were recoverd from the nasal cavity. The maggots were identified as the third-instar larvae of Lucilia cuprina Wiedmann (Diptera: Calliphoridae) based on the morphological characteristics. This patient was classified as having nosocomial myiasis. The presence of the third instar larvae indicated that the infestation was not more than three to four days. An adult sarcophagid identified as Parasarcophaga ruficornis (Fabricius) caught in the ICU where the patient was warded provided further evidence of the potential for the nosocomial infestation.

Matched MeSH terms: Nose Diseases/etiology*; Nose Diseases/pathology

Fulltext Nasal NK/T cell lymphoma mimicking an latrogenic lateral nasal wall infection: a diagnostic dilemma

Saleh KA, Razif, Gendeh BS

Med J Malaysia, 2011 Jun;66(2):160-1.

PMID: 22106705

Extra nodal NK/T cell lymphoma, 'nasal type' is a rare clinicopathological entity. The prevalence of nasal lymphoma is estimated at 0.17-1.5% for all non -Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL), of which 45% originate from the NK/T cell. It is more commonly encountered in Asian countries. The main clinical features are nasal congestion and epistaxis due to local aggressive destruction. It has a distinct immunophenotypic profile of CD2+, CD56+ and CD3-. The tumor often shows polymorphic lymphoreticular infiltrates and necrosis. We present a case of a 50-year-old male who presented with lateral nasal wall infection following endoscopic sinonasal surgery and later proven to be extranodal NK/T cell 'nasal type' lymphoma with immunophenotypic features.

Matched MeSH terms: Nose Neoplasms/diagnosis*; Nose Neoplasms/surgery

Fulltext Nasal septal haemangioma in pregnancy

Noorizan Y, Salina H

Med J Malaysia, 2010 Mar;65(1):70-1.

PMID: 21265255 MyJurnal

A pregnant lady in her third trimester presented with a rapidly growing right-sided nasal mass associated with epistaxis and nasal obstruction for two months. Examination showed a non tender, protruding mass completely occluding her right nostril. Wide surgical excision was done under local anaesthesia. Histopathology revealed capillary haemangioma. In a gravid patient with a rapidly growing intranasal lesion, capillary haemangioma should be considered as a differential diagnosis. Due to the rapidity of growth, presentation with epistaxis and its macroscopic appearance which often mimics malignancy; histologic confirmation is crucial.

Matched MeSH terms: Nose Neoplasms/pathology*; Nose Neoplasms/surgery

Image of the month: Discolouration leading to black eschar over the nose. Invasive fungal sinusitis (IFS)

Idris N, Lim LH

J Paediatr Child Health, 2010 Dec;46(12):779, 789.

PMID: 21166919 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1754.2010.02002-2.x

Matched MeSH terms: Nose/physiopathology*; Nose/radiography*

Fulltext Acquired nasal posterior choanal atresia: postradiotherapy

Marina MB, Gendeh BS

Med J Malaysia, 2006 Mar;61(1):94-6.

PMID: 16708742

Reported cases of acquired posterior choanal atresia are very few in the English literature. A case of acquired posterior choanal atresia post radiotherapy is reported which was treated by endonasal endoscopic repair using microdebrider with untoward effect.

Matched MeSH terms: Nose Diseases/etiology*; Nose Diseases/surgery

Displaying publications 61 - 80 of 198 in total