Displaying publications 61 - 80 of 138 in total

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  1. Ahmad Fazlan Ghazalli, Mahamad Yusof Abdul Rani, Lee, Jeffrey Low Fook
    MyJurnal
    Journal of Sports Science and Physical Education 5(2): 53-60, 2016 – Many previous studies
    focus on attention has consistently demonstrated that an external focus (movement effect)
    enhances motor performance and learning relative to an internal focus (body movements).
    However, the effectiveness of the external focus direction and internal focus on the press
    behind neck lift not yet again compared among the weightlifter. Therefore, the aim of this
    study was to identify the three conditions (external focus, internal focus and control) that
    brings the best performance in the press behind neck. Besides that, a total of 30 athletes
    Selangor weightlifters performed the pre-test before they are divided into treatment groups
    (external focus and internal focus) and a control group. There are changes in the score in
    force between the test scores (pre, post and retention test) and the group will be analyzed
    using Two Way ANOVA Repeated Measure. The results showed that, there are the main
    effect of testing, F(2, 54) = 1671.065 p = 0.001 means there is a significant difference
    between pre-test and post-test . There is a main effect for group, F (2, 27) = 16,646, p =
    0.001. Meanwhile, there was a significant interaction between the test group f (4. 54) =
    378,732 p = 0.001. There are no significant differences between the three groups during the
    pre-test. However, in the post-test found an external focus groups (M = 51.5 kg, SP = 7.4)
    and an internal focus group (M = 49.5kg, SP = 6.6) is better and has significant differences to
    the control group (M = 30.5kg, SP= 6.9). Besides that, the external focus group retention test
    (M= 59.5 kg, SP=6.0) is better and has a significant difference compared with internal focus
    (M= 43.2kg, SP = 5.9) and the control group (M= 30.1, SP = 6.3). Therefore, the overall
    direction of a focus of external forces show better performance compared to focus on internal
    and groups are not given any specific instructions for long term programme.
    Matched MeSH terms: Athletes
  2. Ali Md Nadzalan, Muhammad Hannan Sazali, Mohamad Shahrul Azzfar
    MyJurnal
    As a way to enhance performance in sports, apart from in-field or in court training, athletes are recommended to adopt resistance training into their training routine. As an exercise that needs the performer to split their legs, lunge is suggested to be included as an exercise in a training session. Various researches had been conducted on lunge and several findings showed different methods or protocols of lunge affect the kinematics, kinetics muscle activation and fascicle behaviour response during the exercise. Although not much study conducted on the chronic adaptations, the existing studies suggested that performers should well plan the training protocols as this will cause different training adaptations.
    Matched MeSH terms: Athletes
  3. Nurul Athirah Mohd Azhari, Norazmir Md Nor, Haidzir Manaf
    Movement Health & Exercise, 2018;7(2):145-150.
    MyJurnal
    Disability sport is becoming more popular worldwide as shown by increased participation from athletes. The increase participation exerted pressure on the athletes to achieve better sports performance. One of the factors in enhancing sports performances is nutrition. A proper diet is needed for athletes, as it is an essential component in optimizing physical development and sports performance. Identifying the nutritional knowledge and supplement habits among disabled athletes will help maximize the benefits of nutrition. Despite the importance of nutrition, there is no validated questionnaire for identifying nutritional knowledge and supplement habits among disabled athletes in Malaysia. Thus, this study aims to develop and validate a questionnaire on nutritional knowledge and supplement habits among Malaysian disabled athletes and to examine the reliability of the questionnaire. This paper intends to discuss the validation of the developed questionnaire specifically on expert validation. The target population of this study is Malaysian disabled athletes. Firstly, the questionnaire is developed and adapted from previous literature on both nutritional knowledge and supplement habits for disabled athletes. Then, the developed questionnaire undergoes translation process before proceeding with validation and reliability process. Expert validation requires a panel of experts in sports nutrition, nutrition and dietitian fields. The questionnaire will be analyzed in terms of content validity ratio (CVR). The expected result of this study is a questionnaire validated by an expert panel on nutritional knowledge and supplement habits among Malaysian disabled athletes. In future research, the reliability of the questionnaire will be tested on 23 Malaysian disabled athletes, and their nutritional status will be identified. Hence, this study will help to promote the growth of disability sports in Malaysia and enhance the sports performance of disabled athletes in Malaysia through nutrition.
    Matched MeSH terms: Athletes
  4. Mail, M.S.Z., Mohd Azhar, N., Affandi, N.F., Shaharudin, S., Agrawal, S., Chee, L.M.
    JUMMEC, 2019;22(2):43-48.
    MyJurnal
    Background: Those with increased dynamic knee valgus are vulnerable to increased risk of non-contact knee
    injuries. However, studies on the top down kinetic chain of lower limb mechanics during dynamic motions
    such as single leg squat (SLS) among trained males were scarce.

    Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the relationship between isokinetic hip and knee strength
    and frontal plane projection angle (FPPA) of the knee joint during SLS.

    Methods: Thirty-two male junior athletes (twelve cyclists, ten runners and ten squash players) were screened
    for excessive dynamic knee valgus (DKV) prior to participation. Only those within the normal value of DKV were
    included. Their hip and knee isokinetic strength in sagittal plane were evaluated at 60º/s of angular velocity
    for both legs using dynamometer. Two dimensional knee FPPA was evaluated during SLS at 60º of knee flexion.
    Pearson correlation was evaluated between knee FPPA during SLS and isokinetic leg strength.

    Results: Correlations between knee FPPA and hip and knee isokinetic strength were not statistically significant
    except between knee flexion peak torque/body weight (r = -0.35, p = 0.05) and hamstring to quadriceps ratio
    (r = -0.39, p = 0.03) of non-dominant leg.

    Conclusions: Isokinetic hip and knee strength and knee FPPA during SLS was correlated only for non-dominant
    leg during SLS among male junior athletes. DKV during SLS may be reduced through strengthening the muscles
    around hip and knee joints.
    Matched MeSH terms: Athletes
  5. Muhammad Harith, R., Mohamad Shariff, A.H.
    JUMMEC, 2019;22(2):13-23.
    MyJurnal
    Background: Despite regularly participating in international and national level multisport events, there is still
    limited data on the pattern of injuries and illnesses and factors associated with injuries and illnesses in Malaysia.
    Such information is crucial to instil preventive measures because sustaining injuries during competition could
    hamper the athlete’s performance.

    Methods: This cross-sectional study investigated the incidence, patterns and risk factors of injuries and illnesses
    among athletes throughout SUKIPT 2018, from the 2nd to the 10th of February 2018. All injuries and illnesses
    treated by tournament medical personnel were reported using a standardised online injury reporting form.
    This form was adapted from the injury surveillance form used by the International Olympic Committee.

    Results: A total of 6071 athletes from 80 contingents took part in SUKIPT 2018. During the nine days of
    competition 323 injuries and 48 illnesses were reported, resulting in an incidence of 5.3 injuries and 0.8 illness
    per 100 athletes. Approximately 6% of the athletes sustained at least one injury or illness.

    Conclusion: In summary, the incidence of injuries and illnesses among athletes during SUKIPT was 5.3 and
    0.8 per 100 athletes, respectively. Muscle strain/rupture/tear was the most common pattern of injury while
    collision with another athlete was the most frequent mechanism of injury. Meanwhile, the respiratory system
    was the most commonly affected by illness and infection was the most prevalent cause of illness.
    Matched MeSH terms: Athletes
  6. Parnabas VA, Mahamood Y
    Jurnal Psikologi Malaysia, 2009;olume 23:69-78.
    The purpose of this study is to identify negative coping strategies among athletes of various levels of performance (national, state, district, university and school), ethnicity (Malay, Chinese, Indian and others) and gender. Participants in this study were 908 Malaysian athletes, of which 502 were males and 406 were females. They were selected by stratified random sampling and had completed the Negative Coping Strategies questionnaire. The results show that male, district-level athletes who were of Indian ethnicity were the highest users of negative coping strategies. The results also showed that negative coping strategies enhanced performance. Contrary to previous research, the uses of negative coping strategies in this study were found to enhance performance in sport. Implications of these findings are also discussed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Athletes
  7. Ahmad-Shushami AH, Abdul-Karim S
    Malays Orthop J, 2020 Mar;14(1):28-33.
    PMID: 32296479 DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.2003.005
    Introduction: Football and futsal were the main sports in the Malaysian Games. However, they were associated with a risk of injury. The purpose of the study was to analyse the incidence, circumstances, and characteristics of football and futsal injuries during the Malaysian Games of 2018.

    Materials and method: During the tournament, 14 teams participated in men's football, 12 teams in men's futsal and 11 teams in women's futsal. The biannual event involved athletes aged under 21 years. A medical report form used by FIFA Medical Assessment and Research Centre (F-Marc), was provided to the physiotherapists and team doctors of all the teams to report all injuries after each match.

    Results: The response rate was 84.62% in football and 59.76% in futsal. A total of 48 injuries were reported from 26 football matches, equivalent to 64.64 injuries per 1000 match hours (95%CI 46.35 to 82.93). In futsal, a total of 48 injuries from 41 matches were reported, equivalent to 292.42 injuries per 1000 match hours (95% CI 209.7 to 375.14). The rate of injury in women futsal players was higher compared to men: 358.21 versus 247.04 injuries per 1000 match hours (p=0.224). Futsal recorded higher injuries per 1000 match hours than football (p<0.001).

    Conclusion: The rate of severe injury in futsal and football recorded in the study as compared to previous studies gave rise to serious concerns. Hence, there was an urgent need to pay more attention to injury prevention strategies.

    Matched MeSH terms: Athletes
  8. Mohamad Shariff A Hamid, Arshad Puji, Zakiy Jamalullail, Zaidi Salleh, Kamarul Hashimy Hussein
    Sains Malaysiana, 2016;45:1531-1536.
    Although more Malaysians are taking part in International Multisport Games, these athletes well-being at such events have not been fully explored. The purpose of this study was to examine the pattern of injury and illness among Malaysian athletes during the XVII Asian Games 2014. Clinical and socio-demographic information of athletes diagnosed with injury or illness during the centralised training camp and at the Games were recorded in a standardised report form. Throughout the study period, 83 injuries and 64 illnesses were recorded from 276 athletes. Muscle strains and tears were the most common injury followed by ligamentous injury and soft tissues contusion. The number of injuries was highest among badminton players followed by hockey and rugby. Significantly higher incidence of injuries was observed among men than women hockey players. Athletes in individual events had higher proportion of more severe injury than those in team events. Respiratory tract infection was the most frequent illness diagnosed among athletes. Most injuries and illnesses diagnosed among athletes were minor and did not result in time away from participation. The incidence of injuries and illnesses among Malaysian athletes at the XVII Asian Games were comparable with those reported by previous authors. Injury and illness rate were influenced by gender and sports. Fortunately, majority of injuries and illnesses were minor and did not prevent athletes from participation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Athletes
  9. Jamaludin NI, Sahabuddin FNA, Raja Ahmad Najib RKM, Shamshul Bahari MLH, Shaharudin S
    PMID: 32575511 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17124418
    The study investigated the influence of ankle strength and its range of motion (ROM) on knee kinematics during drop landing. Fifteen male and fifteen female university athletes with a normal range of dynamic knee valgus (DKV) (knee frontal plane projection angle: men = 3° to 8°, females = 7° to 13°) were recruited. They performed drop landing at height 30 cm and 45 cm with three-dimensional motion capture and analysis. Knee angles were compared at specific landing phases. Isokinetic ankle strength was tested at 60°/s angular velocity while the weight-bearing lunge test was conducted to evaluate ankle ROM. For males, strength for both plantarflexors and dorsiflexors were associated with knee kinematics at both heights (30 cm: r = -0.50, p = 0.03; 45 cm: r = -0.45, p = 0.05) during maximum vertical ground reaction force (MVGRF) phase. For females, ankle invertor strength and knee kinematics were associated at both 30cm (r = 0.53; p = 0.02,) and 45 cm landing heights (r = 0.49, p = 0.03), while plantarflexor strength and knee kinematics showed a significant association during initial contact (r = 0.70, p < 0.01) and MVGRF (r = 0.55, p = 0.02) phases at height 30 cm only. Male and female athletes with normal range of DKV showed a significant relationship between ankle strength and knee kinematics at specific landing phases. These relationships varied with increased landing height.
    Matched MeSH terms: Athletes
  10. Ahmad Fazlan Ghazalli, Mahamad Yusof Abdul Rani, Nelfianty Mohd
    MyJurnal
    The purpose of this study examines the effect of Selangor weightlifters concerns over the performance of the National Weightlifting Championship in Johor Bahru 2015. The sample is Selangor weightlifting athletes aged 13 to 15 years who participated in the national weightlifting championship in Johor Bahru. Data were collected through questionnaires Competitive State Anxiety Inventory (CSAI-2) to measure the level of anxiety (cognitive, somatic, self-confidence). The mean value analysis, the percentage used to determine the level of concern for athletes. Correlation tests were used to examine the association between the phases of concern with the performance of athletes during the competition. The results showed the level of anxiety (cognitive, somatic and self-confidence) athletes a day before the tournament is at a moderate level. Other while, cognitive anxiety level significantly correlated with performance or achievement during the tournament. Therefore, the coaches and athletes must continue to concentrate on the concerns of cognitive intentions to achieve excellent performance in a weightlifting tournament in the future. Researchers suggest the management should seek the help of a sports psychologist to provide psychological training for athletes particularly to address the concerns of cognitive as well as physical exercise by periods of sustained exercise.
    Matched MeSH terms: Athletes
  11. Deng N, Soh KG, Zaremohzzabieh Z, Abdullah B, Salleh KM, Huang D
    PMID: 36612806 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010482
    Objective: We aimed to meta-analyze the effects of combined upper and lower limb plyometric training (ULLPT) on physical fitness attributes in athletes. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, PubMed, and SCOPUS, for up to 13 August 2022. Controlled studies with baseline and follow-up measures were included if they examined the effects of ULLPT on at least one measure of physical fitness indices in athletes. A random effects meta-analysis was performed using the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software. Results: Fifteen moderate-to-high-quality studies with 523 participants aged 12−22.4 years were included in the analyses. Small to large (ES = 0.42−1.66; p = 0.004 to <0.001) effects were noted for upper and lower body muscle power, linear sprint speed, upper and lower body muscle strength, agility, and flexibility, while no significant effects on static and dynamic balance were noted (ES = 0.44−0.10; all p > 0.05). Athletes’ sex, age, and training program variables had no modulator role on the effects of ULLPT in available data sets. Conclusions: ULLPT induces distinct neuro-muscular adaptations in the upper and lower body musculature and is an efficient method for enhancing athletes’ physical fitness.
    Matched MeSH terms: Athletes
  12. Manaf H, Nor NM, Azhari NAM, Ismut NRA
    Malays J Med Sci, 2019 May;26(3):129-134.
    PMID: 31303857 MyJurnal DOI: 10.21315/mjms2019.26.3.11
    Background: Nutrition has always been associated with eating behaviour. The eating behaviour can impact not only the normal population but also athletes' population including disabled athletes too. Athletes have a higher tendency to unhealthy eating behaviour due to intense pressure and competitive environment in sports. It is important to identify the types of eating behaviour among disabled athletes to prevent eating disorder that could affect their performance. Thus, this study aims to identify the types of eating behaviour among disabled athletes in Malaysia.

    Methods: This study involved 93 disabled athletes in Malaysia. The setting of the study is at National Sports Council, Malaysia. The data obtained are analysed using chi-square test using SPSS.

    Results: This study shows that the most common types of eating behaviour among disabled athletes are emotional eating (37.6%), followed by uncontrolled eating (34.3%) and cognitive restraint (28%). Most of the overweight and obese disabled athletes are prone to emotional eating (19.4%) as compared to non-overweight athletes (18.3%).

    Conclusion: As a conclusion, recognising the eating behaviour in disabled athletes is important as more effective and innovative interventions and measures can be undertaken to prevent eating disorder which can enhance sports performance.

    Matched MeSH terms: Athletes
  13. Ooi CH, Tan A, Ahmad A, Kwong KW, Sompong R, Ghazali KA, et al.
    J Sports Sci, 2009 Dec;27(14):1591-9.
    PMID: 19967588 DOI: 10.1080/02640410903352907
    The aims of this study were to establish the physical and physiological attributes of elite and sub-elite Malaysian male badminton players and to determine whether these attributes discriminate elite players from sub-elite players. Measurements and tests of basic anthropometry, explosive power, anaerobic recovery capacity, badminton-specific movement agility, maximum strength, and aerobic capacity were conducted on two occasions, separated by at least one day. The elite (n = 12) and sub-elite (n = 12) players' characteristics were, respectively: mean age 24.6 years (s = 3.7) and 20.5 years (s = 0.7); mass 73.2 kg (s = 7.6) and 62.7 kg (s = 4.2); stature 1.76 m (s = 0.07) and 1.71 m (s = 0.05); body fat 12.5% (s = 4.8) and 9.5% (s = 3.4); estimated VO(2max) 56.9 ml . kg(-1) . min(-1) (s = 3.7) and 59.5 ml . kg(-1) . min(-1) (s = 5.2). The elite players had greater maximum absolute strength in one-repetition maximum bench press (P = 0.015) compared with the sub-elite players. There were significant differences in instantaneous lower body power estimated from vertical jump height between the elite and sub-elite groups (P < 0.01). However, there was no significant difference between groups in shuttle run tests and on-court badminton-specific movement agility tests. Our results show that elite Malaysian male badminton players are taller, heavier, and stronger than their sub-elite counterparts. The test battery, however, did not allow us to discriminate between the elite and sub-elite players, suggesting that at the elite level tactical knowledge, technical skills, and psychological readiness could be of greater importance.
    Matched MeSH terms: Athletes*
  14. Daneshjoo A, Mokhtar AH, Rahnama N, Yusof A
    PLoS One, 2012;7(12):e51568.
    PMID: 23251579 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0051568
    The study investigated the effects of FIFA 11+ and HarmoKnee, both being popular warm-up programs, on proprioception, and on the static and dynamic balance of professional male soccer players.
    Matched MeSH terms: Athletes*
  15. Vijayakumar P, Nagarajan M, Ramli A
    J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil, 2012;25(4):225-30.
    PMID: 23220803 DOI: 10.3233/BMR-2012-0337
    Osteitis pubis among soccer athletes is a disabling painful condition and it is difficult to manage without integrating a multimodal treatment approach. There is limited scientific evidence on the effectiveness of exercise in treating Osteitis pubis especially when it progress to a chronic painful condition. The purpose of this case report is to discuss the successful multimodal physiotherapeutic management for a 15-year old soccer athlete diagnosed with stage-IV Osteitis pubis. Land and water based active core muscle strengthening exercises, Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation techniques (PNF) and Manual Therapy are some of the essential components incorporated in multimodal intervention approach with emphasis to water based strength and endurance training exercises. The athlete was able to make progress to a successful recovery from his chronic painful condition and accomplished the clearly established clinical outcomes during each phase of rehabilitation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Athletes*
  16. Chan CYW, Aziz I, Chai FW, Kwan MK
    Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 2017 Feb 15;42(4):E248-E252.
    PMID: 28207671 DOI: 10.1097/BRS.0000000000001748
    STUDY DESIGN: Case report.

    OBJECTIVE: To report the successful rehabilitation and the training progress of an elite high performance martial art exponent after selective thoracic fusion for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS).

    SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Posterior spinal fusion for AIS will result in loss of spinal flexibility. The process of rehabilitation after posterior spinal fusion for AIS remains controversial and there are few reports of return to elite sports performance after posterior spinal fusion for AIS.

    METHODS: We report a case of a 25-year-old lady who was a national Wu Shu exponent. She was a Taolu (Exhibition) exponent. She underwent Selective Thoracic Fusion (T4 to T12) using alternate level pedicle screw placement augmented with autogenous local bone graft in June 2014. She commenced her training at 3-month postsurgery and the intensity of her training was increased after 6 months postsurgery. We followed her up to 2 years postsurgery and showed no instrumentation failure or lost of correction.

    RESULTS: After selective thoracic fusion, her training process consisted of mainly speed training, core strengthening, limb strengthening, and flexibility exercises. At 17 months of postoperation, she participated in 13th World Wu Shu Championship 2015 and won the silver medal.

    CONCLUSION: Return to elite high-performance martial arts sports was possible after selective thoracic fusion for AIS. The accelerated and intensive training regime did not lead to any instrumentation failure and complications.

    LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 2.

    Matched MeSH terms: Athletes*
  17. Hasan H, Davids K, Chow JY, Kerr G
    Eur J Sport Sci, 2017 Apr;17(3):294-302.
    PMID: 27739339 DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2016.1241829
    This study investigated effects of wearing compression garments and textured insoles on modes of movement organisation emerging during performance of lower limb interceptive actions in association football. Participants were six skilled (age = 15.67 ± 0.74 years) and six less-skilled (age = 15.17 ± 1.1 years) football players. All participants performed 20 instep kicks with maximum velocity in four randomly organised insoles and socks conditions, (a) Smooth Socks with Smooth Insoles (SSSI); (b) Smooth Socks with Textured Insoles (SSTI); (c) Compression Socks with Smooth Insoles (CSSI); and (d), Compression Socks with Textured Insoles (CSTI). Results showed that, when wearing textured and compression materials (CSSI condition), less-skilled participants displayed significantly greater hip extension and flexion towards the ball contact phase, indicating larger ranges of motion in the kicking limb than in other conditions. Less-skilled participants also demonstrated greater variability in knee-ankle intralimb (angle-angle plots) coordination modes in the CSTI condition. Findings suggested that use of textured and compression materials increased attunement to somatosensory information from lower limb movement, to regulate performance of dynamic interceptive actions like kicking, especially in less-skilled individuals.
    Matched MeSH terms: Athletes/statistics & numerical data
  18. Brun SP
    Aust J Gen Pract, 2020 2 3;49(1-2):23-31.
    PMID: 32008269 DOI: 10.31128/AJGP-09-19-5081
    BACKGROUND: Primary care physicians are often responsible for the care of people involved in sporting and exercise activities at various competitive levels. Issues confronting the athlete and their primary care physician are the potentially serious risks, responsibilities and challenges facing those involved with sport and physical activity.

    OBJECTIVE: The aim of this article is to address three of the most important challenges currently facing the athlete and primary care physician caring for athletes. The challenges are to recognise the potential risks to the athlete of sustaining a sudden cardiac arrest, sports-related concussion or doping violation in sport, as each of these have serious implications for life, wellbeing, performance and/or reputation. Education and risk mitigation are also essential components of care that will be addressed.

    DISCUSSION: The primary care physician caring for athletes has a pivotal role in ensuring appropriate screening, education and ongoing surveillance to minimise the potentially serious risks facing those involved with physical activity.

    Matched MeSH terms: Athletes/statistics & numerical data*
  19. Gucciardi DF, Zhang CQ, Ponnusamy V, Si G, Stenling A
    J Sport Exerc Psychol, 2016 Apr;38(2):187-202.
    PMID: 27390084 DOI: 10.1123/jsep.2015-0320
    The aims of this study were to assess the cross-cultural invariance of athletes' self-reports of mental toughness and to introduce and illustrate the application of approximate measurement invariance using Bayesian estimation for sport and exercise psychology scholars. Athletes from Australia (n = 353, Mage = 19.13, SD = 3.27, men = 161), China (n = 254, Mage = 17.82, SD = 2.28, men = 138), and Malaysia (n = 341, Mage = 19.13, SD = 3.27, men = 200) provided a cross-sectional snapshot of their mental toughness. The cross-cultural invariance of the mental toughness inventory in terms of (a) the factor structure (configural invariance), (b) factor loadings (metric invariance), and (c) item intercepts (scalar invariance) was tested using an approximate measurement framework with Bayesian estimation. Results indicated that approximate metric and scalar invariance was established. From a methodological standpoint, this study demonstrated the usefulness and flexibility of Bayesian estimation for single-sample and multigroup analyses of measurement instruments. Substantively, the current findings suggest that the measurement of mental toughness requires cultural adjustments to better capture the contextually salient (emic) aspects of this concept.
    Matched MeSH terms: Athletes/psychology*
  20. Wong JE, Poh BK, Nik Shanita S, Izham MM, Chan KQ, Tai MD, et al.
    Singapore Med J, 2012 Nov;53(11):744-9.
    PMID: 23192502
    This study aimed to measure the basal metabolic rate (BMR) of elite athletes and develop a gender specific predictive equation to estimate their energy requirements.
    Matched MeSH terms: Athletes*
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