MyMedR

Fulltext A rare case of a sharp foreign body on the vocal cord

Nor Hisyam CI, Misron K, Mohamad I

Malays Fam Physician, 2017;12(2):23-25.

A foreign body (FB) in the upper aerodigestive tract is a common clinical problem that presents as as acute emergency. Sharp FB, such as fish bone or chicken bone, commonly lodges in the tonsil, base of tongue, vallecula or pyriform fossa. Dislodgement of a FB into the laryngopharynx is very rare and specifically onto the vocal cord is extremely uncommon. This case report illustrates a rare case of a sharp FB that was dislodged into the airway and stuck on to the right vocal cord, which was removed under local anaesthesia.

Matched MeSH terms: Tongue

Tongue necrosis secondary to mucormycosis in a diabetic patient: A first case report in Malaysia

Fattah SY, Hariri F, Ngui R, Husman SI

J Mycol Med, 2018 Sep;28(3):519-522.

PMID: 30205883 DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2018.06.004

Mucormycosis is a rare fungal infection and high mortality that commonly affects patients with the weakened immune system. We present an unusual case of tongue necrosis probably due to the healthcare-associated mucormycosis (HCM) in a diabetic patient. Although cannot be proved with certainty, we surmise that intubation as a risk factor in our case. The diagnosis was confirmed by histopathological examination (HPE) of the necrotic tissue specimen. The patient was responded well to lipid complex amphotericin B (250mg) regime after surgery. Subsequent follow up revealed that no signs of recurrence. Early, recognition, diagnosis, prompt treatment and awareness among clinician are representing the most effective way of managing the disease.

Matched MeSH terms: Tongue/microbiology; Tongue/pathology*; Tongue/surgery

Fulltext Brachytherapy of tongue carcinoma in a patient with difficult airway: anesthetic considerations

Ghaffar ZA, Chong SE, Tan KL, Appalanaido GK, Musa MY, Hussin HB, et al.

J Contemp Brachytherapy, 2018 Dec;10(6):573-576.

PMID: 30662482 DOI: 10.5114/jcb.2018.79856

The practice of brachytherapy in unresectable tongue carcinoma is gaining popularity. However, this procedure poses specific anesthetic challenges, particularly challenges of airway sharing and a higher rate of difficult airway. We report a 74-year-old chronic smoker, chronic alcoholic with history of stroke, who had undergone brachytherapy for tongue carcinoma. Apart from a huge tongue tumor, he had an epiglottic mass but refused elective tracheostomy. This had led to a few critical states throughout the process of treatment, including a metabolic crisis due to thiamine deficiency and difficult airway crisis. To our best knowledge, there have been no reported case on a patient with vocal cord mass undergoing tongue brachytherapy. We hope sharing of this experience may aid the management of similar patients in future.

Matched MeSH terms: Tongue Neoplasms

Dilemma in management of cervico-facial cystic hygroma

Tamilselvi R, Tang IP, Linger S, Mohd Soffian MS

Med J Malaysia, 2019 Oct;74(5):450-451.

PMID: 31649229

Cervico facial cystic hygroma and tongue lymphagioma is rare representative of spectrum of lymphatic malformations. Conservative management with sclerosants alone has proven to be successful. However, sudden enlargement of these cervico facial lymphangiomas leads to catastrophic airway obstruction leading to debility in feeding and speech. Therefore, surgery is indicated in such case to prevent such a catastrophic problem. We report here the case of a 3-yearold boy with cervico facial hygroma involving the tongue. We successfully treated him with a combination of surgery and OK432 injection.

Matched MeSH terms: Tongue

Laryngeal giant cell tumour presenting as a tongue base lesion causing severe dysphagia

Saud MRM, Salahuddin Z, Hassan A, Yunus MRM, Mohamad I, Zulkifli MM

J Taibah Univ Med Sci, 2018 Apr;13(2):201-204.

PMID: 31435324 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2017.10.002

Giant cell tumours are benign lesions that are uncommonly found in the larynx. Patients with these tumours may present with dysphagia, hoarseness and anterior neck swelling. Giant cell tumours are extremely rare and only a few cases have been reported. We present a case of an elderly woman who presented with severe dysphagia and a mass at the base of her tongue. The mass was found to be a laryngeal giant cell tumour and was successfully treated with chemotherapy.

Matched MeSH terms: Tongue

Fulltext The roles and challenges of the national language in uniting the various ethnic groups in Sabah

Sharifah Darmia Sharif Adam

Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2019;4(4):1-11.

MyJurnal

This paper discusses the roles and challenges of the national language, which is Malay as a language in
uniting the various ethnic groups in Sabah. On September 16, 1963, the Federation of Malaysia was
officially declared which comprised of the Malay States, Singapore, Sabah and Sarawak. In line with
that, the special provisions on the national language in Sabah are contained in Article 161 of the
national constitution. Although the provision of the constitution clarify that Sabah was given a 10-year
period to use Malay and English as the official languages but later on September 16, 1973 the Malay language was declared the sole official language for the state of Sabah. Hence, various efforts have
been made by the government to ensure the national language can play its role as a language that can
unite the various ethnic groups in Sabah. However, ethnic diversity with their own ethnic mother
tongue languages has resulted in the Malay language as a national language as well as the language of
unity to face many challenges. Therefore, the discussion in this paper is focused on policies undertaken
by the government to strengthen the national language in various fields in Sabah and the challenges
faced by the national language to foster unity among the various ethnic communities in the state. This
study was conducted using a qualitative analysis approach and used archive study methods as well as
library study to obtain research information sources. This study will produce an analysis that can be
used as a reference to improve or formulate policies particularly in matters that benefit in strengthening
the multi-ethnic communities in Sabah.

Matched MeSH terms: Tongue Diseases

Numerical Three-dimensional Finite Element Modeling of Cavity Shape and Optimal Material Selection by Analysis of Stress Distribution on Class V Cavities of Mandibular Premolars

Pai S, Bhat V, Patil V, Naik N, Awasthi S, Nayak N

J Int Soc Prev Community Dent, 2020 06 15;10(3):279-285.

PMID: 32802773 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.JISPCD_75_20

Aim: Adhesive restoration does not depend primarily on the configuration of the shape of the cavity. Under varying loading conditions, it is essential to know the stress concentration and load transfer mechanism for distinct cavity shapes. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the biomechanical characteristics of various cavity shapes, namely oval, elliptical, trapezoidal, and rectangular shapes of class V cavities on mandibular premolars restored with amalgam, glass ionomer cement, and Cention N using three-dimensional (3D) finite element analysis.

Materials and Methods: A 3D prototype of a mandibular premolar was generated by Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) images obtained from the cone beam computed tomography and imported to 3D modeling software tool, SpaceClaim. The four distinct load magnitudes of 100, 150, 200, and 250N were applied as a pressure load perpendicular to the lingual plane of the lingual cusp of the occlusal surface (normal load) and at 45° to same (oblique load). The stress distribution patterns and the maximum von Mises stresses were analyzed and compared.

Results: The occlusal stresses were distributed from the force loading point in an approximate actinomorphic pattern, and when the force load was close to the margin, the stress was much greater.

Conclusion: Ovoid cavity showed lesser stress concentration and deformation for each of the tested restorative material.

Matched MeSH terms: Tongue

Fulltext Granular cells in a benign parotid gland tumour: an attempt to understand its probable histogenesis

George, T., Zain, R.B., Abraham, M.T.

Ann Dent, 2011;18(1):30-35.

MyJurnal

Tumours that occur in the oral cavity may contain granular cells as a component of their pathology. A more common granular cell lesion occurring in the head and neck region is the granular cell tumour (GCT) that usually arises in the tongue or the buccal mucosa. Granular cell tumours are very rare in the parotid gland with only 11 cases previously reported in the English literature. We report a case of a benign tumour involving the parotid gland of a young female patient. The case was diagnostically challenging due to the large proportion of granular cells masking the underlying pathology. Histopathological features and immunohistochemical analysis favoured a diagnosis of a benign GCT. The present report provides an insight into the differential diagnosis and attempts to characterise the granular cells with the use of the wellestablished immunohistochemical markers and conventional histopathological techniques.

Matched MeSH terms: Tongue

Fulltext Tongue pyogenic granuloma excision by using ultrasonic scissors

Irfan Mohamad, Chentilnathan, Periasamy, Yahia, Dawood

Archives of Orofacial Sciences, 2011;6(2):1-3.

MyJurnal

Pyogenic granuloma is a benign lesion which is commonly found in the oral cavity. It is a reactive inflammatory process of the injured mucosa to trauma. It can appear as a sessile or pedunculated mass with smooth or lobulated surface, which sometimes can mimic malignant lesion. Excision biopsy of the lesion is the confirmatory investigation which also a treatment tool. We report a case of middle-aged lady who had pyogenic granuloma of the tongue, which was safely excised using ultrasonic scissors. This case highlights the new technique of using ultrasonic instruments for excision of benign tongue lesion, with marked reduction of blood loss and operation time.

Matched MeSH terms: Tongue

Fulltext Oral granular cell tumour: a clinicopathological study of 7 cases and a brief review of the literature

Ajura Abdul Jalil, Lau, Shin Hui

Malaysian Dental Journal, 2008;29(2):94-96.

MyJurnal

Oral granular cell tumour is a fairly rare lesion with a predilection for the tongue. Seven cases (6 females, 1 male) of oral granular cell tumour were seen during the 40 year period (1967-2006) in Stomatology Unit, Institute for Medical Research (IMR) in which 5 cases were located at the tongue. All the cases presented as a single swelling and excisional biopsies were carried out in all cases.

Matched MeSH terms: Tongue

Fulltext Free radial forearm flap after partial glossectomy for squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue

Chuah, U.C., Kamarul, T., Sara, T.

JUMMEC, 2006;9(2):28-31.

MyJurnal

Squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue is a highly malignant condition and results in high mortality and morbidity in patients despite its early detection (1). Early surgical interventions have been found to reduce mortality but in many reports, tongue reconstructions using live grafts have been found to reduce normal tongue function of speech, swallow and taste. In contrast, our report using free radial forearm flap (FRFF) to reconstruct the defect left over after a radical tongue resection in a 38-year-old gentleman with oral cancer has shown promising results. This type of reconstruction has left the patient with a functional and cosmetically acceptable tongue with minimal alteration in recognizable speech.

Matched MeSH terms: Tongue

Fulltext Lichenoid Lesion And Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Of The Tongue

Yaacob, H.B., Ngeow, W.C., Tan, P.L., Zainal Arif, A.R.

Ann Dent, 2002;9(1):-.

MyJurnal

The controversy on malignant transformation of oral lichen planus has always intrigued researchers. We present a case of lichenoid lesion and squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue, occurring in a middle aged Indian lady. The diagnosis and timing of these lesions is discussed.

Matched MeSH terms: Tongue

Fulltext Anterolateral thigh free flap in reconstruction of oral cavity malignancy: UMMC experience

Ahmad, N.A., Margaret, L.

JUMMEC, 2008;11(1):33-36.

MyJurnal

Oral cavity malignancy reconstructive surgery has advanced from pedicle flaps to microvascular free tissue transfer. Previously, reconstruction of these defects were done using radial forearm free flaps in this centre. We report our experience using anterolateral thigh free flap in a 49 year old lady with squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue. Excision of tumour left a defect which was later reconstructed using microvascular free tissue transfer using the right anterolateral thigh free flap. The flap was well taken up at the recepient site and no evidence of flap failure noted post operatively and on completion of radiotherapy. She was able to maintain comprehensible speech and swallowing ability.

Matched MeSH terms: Tongue

Fulltext Evaluation of Resting Tongue Position in Recently Extracted and Long Term Completely Edentulous Patients: A Prospective Interventional Study

Rajeshwari K, Kohli S, Mathew XK

J Clin Diagn Res, 2017 Apr;11(4):ZC61-ZC63.

PMID: 28571264 DOI: 10.7860/JCDR/2017/23709.9683

INTRODUCTION: Presence of abnormal resting tongue position can lead to poor denture retention and stability. The prevalence of retracted tongue position has been found to be higher in partially edentulous subjects compared to dentate subjects and is greatest in completely edentulous individuals.

AIM: To evaluate resting tongue position in recently extracted and long term completely edentulous patients, and to evaluate the efficacy of achieving retracted tongue position by simple modification in complete denture along with certain tongue exercises.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 62 study subjects were classified into two groups based on duration of edentulousness. Group A: Recently extracted completely edentulous subjects (<1 year), Group B: Long term completely edentulous subjects (>1-10 year). The patients with retracted tongue position were subjected to a simple modification in complete denture along with inclusion of certain tongue exercises. After eight months patients were recalled and evaluated. The data was analysed using SPSS statistical tests like mean, standard deviation, proportion, Chi square test and McNemar Test.

RESULTS: Among the study subjects, 54.9% had retracted tongue position. Group B showed high proportion of retracted tongue position (68.8%) as compared to Group A. After the intervention, 42.8% study subjects gained normal resting tongue position.

CONCLUSION: Long term completely edentulous subjects presented retracted tongue position in higher percentage when compared to the recently extracted group. The interventional method employed for the subjects with retracted tongue position, played a significant role to assume normal resting tongue position and showed improvement in denture stability and retention.

Matched MeSH terms: Tongue

Cyclin D1 amplification in tongue and cheek squamous cell carcinoma

Mahdey HM, Ramanathan A, Ismail SM, Abraham MT, Jamaluddin M, Zain RB

Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2011;12(9):2199-204.

PMID: 22296356

INTRODUCTION: Several molecular markers have been studied for their usefulness as prognostic markers in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). One such molecular marker is cyclin D1 which is a proto-oncogene located on 11q13 in humans.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the feasibility of using cyclin D1 as a prognostic marker in tongue and cheek SCC by the fluorescent-in-situ hybridization (FISH) method.

METHODS: Fifty paraffin-embedded samples (25 each of cheek and tongue SCCs) were obtained from the archives of the Oral Pathology Diagnostic Laboratory. Sociodemographic data, histopathologic diagnoses, lymph node status and survival data were obtained from the Malaysian Oral Cancer Database and Tissue Bank System (MOCDTBS)coordinated by the Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Centre (OCRCC), University of Malaya. The FISH technique was used to detect the amplification of cyclin D1 using the Vysis protocol. Statistical correlations of cyclin D1 with site and lymph node status were analyzed using the Fisher exact test. Kaplan-Meier and Log Rank (Mantel-Cox) test were used to analyze cyclin D1 amplification and median survival time.

RESULTS: Positive amplification of cyclin D1 was detected in 72% (36) of OSCCs. Detection of positive amplification for cyclin D1 was observed in 88% (22) and 56% (14) of the tongue and cheek tumors, respectively, where the difference was statistically significant (P=0.012). Lymph node metastasis of cheek SCCs showed a trend towards a significant association (P= 0.098) with cyclin D1 amplification whereas the lymph node metastasis of tongue SCC was clearly not significant (P=0.593).There was a statistically significant correlation between cyclin D1 positivity and survival rate (P=0.009) for overall SCC cases and (P<0.001) for cheek SCC cases.

CONCLUSION: The present study found that cyclin D1 amplification may differ in different subsites of OSCC (tongue vs cheek) and its positive amplification implies an overall poor survival in OSCCs, particularly those arising in cheeks.

Matched MeSH terms: Tongue Neoplasms/genetics*; Tongue Neoplasms/metabolism; Tongue Neoplasms/pathology

Lingual myoclonus and neuropsychiatric lupus: a new association?

Ong SG, Chua R

Int J Rheum Dis, 2014 Jun;17(5):583-5.

PMID: 24330407 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185X.12260

Matched MeSH terms: Tongue Diseases/diagnosis; Tongue Diseases/drug therapy; Tongue Diseases/etiology*

Aberrant proteins in the saliva of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma

Jessie K, Jayapalan JJ, Ong KC, Abdul Rahim ZH, Zain RM, Wong KT, et al.

Electrophoresis, 2013 Sep;34(17):2495-502.

PMID: 23784731 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201300107

Confirmation of oral squamous cell cancer (OSCC) currently relies on histological analysis, which does not provide clear indication of cancer development from precancerous lesions. In the present study, whole saliva proteins of patients with OSCC (n = 12) and healthy subjects (n = 12) were separated by 2DE to identify potential candidate biomarkers that are much needed to improve detection of the cancer. The OSCC patients' 2DE saliva protein profiles appeared unique and different from those obtained from the healthy subjects. The patients' saliva α1-antitrypsin (AAT) and haptoglobin (HAP) β chains were resolved into polypeptide spots with increased microheterogeneity, although these were not apparent in their sera. Their 2DE protein profiles also showed presence of hemopexin and α-1B glycoprotein, which were not detected in the profiles of the control saliva. When subjected to densitometry analysis, significant altered levels of AAT, complement C3, transferrin, transthyretin, and β chains of fibrinogen and HAP were detected. The increased levels of saliva AAT, HAP, complement C3, hemopexin, and transthyretin in the OSCC patients were validated by ELISA. The strong association of AAT and HAP with OSCC was further supported by immunohistochemical staining of cancer tissues. The differently expressed saliva proteins may be useful complementary biomarkers for the early detection and/or monitoring of OSCC, although this requires validation in clinically representative populations.

Matched MeSH terms: Tongue/metabolism; Tongue/pathology; Tongue/chemistry

Congenital limb reduction defects: report of two cases

Malik AS, Ram SP, Seng QB, Noor AR

Ann Acad Med Singap, 1994 Nov;23(6):914-6.

PMID: 7741513

We describe two Malay male term neonates with congenital limb reduction defects. The first neonate had hypodactyly of limbs associated with micrognathia, microstomia, glossopalatine ankylosis and congenital mitral stenosis. He developed gram-negative septicaemia and died on day 14 of life. The second neonate had tetraperomelia without any other associated congenital abnormality. He developed staphylococcal skin infection which was treated conservatively. Very few cases of congenital limb reduction defects have been reported in the Asian population and we are not aware of any other reports describing Malay infants with the congenital abnormalities described in this report.

Matched MeSH terms: Tongue/abnormalities

Hypoglossia congenita with anterior maxillo-mandibular fusion

Arshad AR, Goh CS

Br J Plast Surg, 1994 Mar;47(2):139-41.

PMID: 8149059

Two cases of hypoglossia congenita with anterior maxillo-mandibular fusion are reported. One is a case of hypoglossia with anterior maxillo-mandibular fusion and the other is a case of hypoglossia-hypodactylia with anterior maxillo-mandibular fusion. This condition presents the anaesthetist with the problem of airway management during the surgery. A simple technique using a nasopharyngeal tube was used for these two cases, with satisfactory results.

Matched MeSH terms: Tongue/abnormalities*

High prevalence of human skeletal muscle sarcocystosis in south-east Asia

Wong KT, Pathmanathan R

Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1992 11 1;86(6):631-2.

PMID: 1287922

The prevalence of human skeletal muscle sarcocystosis in Malaysia was determined by serial examination of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections of tongue tissues obtained from consecutive, routine autopsies of subjects aged 12 years or more. Of 100 tongues examined, 21% were found to contain Sarcocystis; 66 cysts were found. The number of cysts per case varied from 1 to 13. In one case, 5 cysts were found in a single tissue section. The age range of positive cases was from 16 to 57 years (mean 37.7 years). Prevalence did not differ with regard to race, sex or occupation. The prevalence of human muscular sarcocystosis in our study was higher than that reported elsewhere. Preferential localization of Sarcocystis in tongue or head and neck and/or genuinely high prevalence in south-east Asia are possible explanations for this observation.

Matched MeSH terms: Tongue/parasitology

Displaying publications 61 - 80 of 116 in total