MyMedR

Development of Welding Fumes Health Index (WFHI) for Welding Workplace's Safety and Health Assessment

Hariri A, Paiman NA, Leman AM, Md Yusof MZ

Iran J Public Health, 2014 Aug;43(8):1045-59.

This study aimed to develop an index that can rank welding workplace that associate well with possible health risk of welders.

Determinants of Caesarean Risk Factor in Northern Region of Bangladesh: A Multivariate Analysis

Rahman M, Ahmad Shariff A, Shafie A, Saaid R, Md Tahir R

Iran J Public Health, 2014 Jan;43(1):16-27.

PMID: 26060675

Caesarean section (c-section) rates have been increasing dramatically in the past decades around the world. This increase has been attributed to multiple factors such as maternal, socio-demographic and institutional fac-tors. Therefore, this study examines the impact of maternal, socio-demographic and relevant characteristics on caesar-ean delivery in the northern region of Bangladesh.

Nodular Melanoma Mimicking Keratoacanthoma: Lessons to learn

Muthupalaniappen L, Das S, Md Nor N, Ali SA

Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J, 2012 Aug;12(3):360-3.

PMID: 22912931

A 67-year-old man of Chinese descent presented with a painless nodular lesion that had been present on his right forearm for the previous 3 months. A single, well-defined, dome-shaped, firm nodule with a central keratin plug surrounded by erythema was noted. Keratoacanthoma with secondary bacterial infection was suspected and the patient underwent an excision biopsy. Biopsy of the nodule and immunohistochemical staining supported a diagnosis of nodular malignant melanoma. It should be noted both that nodular malignant melanoma may present with a wide variety of clinical appearances, and that the lack of melanin pigment in nodular malignant melanoma may hinder the diagnosis of this aggressive tumour.

Fulltext Total Knee Replacement as Treatment for Hemophilic Arthropathy: A Case Series

Govindasamy M, Ganthel Annamalai K, Binti Md Sham LA

Cureus, 2024 Oct;16(10):e72332.

PMID: 39583441 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.72332

Background and objectives Hemophilic arthropathy is a known complication of patients with hemophilia, with the knee as the commonest joint affected. Patients with this condition have severe pain and restricted joint mobility, affecting their activities of daily living. Total knee replacement can increase these patients' quality of life. Nevertheless, this surgery has a high risk of complications due to the nature of the underlying hemophilia. In this study, we present the short-term outcome of a case series of six patients with hemophilic arthropathy who underwent total knee replacement at a hospital with hematology support performed by an experienced arthroplasty surgeon. Patients and method This study reviewed and included eight consecutive total knee replacements in six patients with hemophilic arthropathy performed by a single board-certified arthroplasty surgeon from 2019 to 2023. The demographic profile of the patients, pre- and postoperative range of movement, and short-term outcome scores were summarized. Results The mean preoperative flexion contracture was 10.6° (range: 5°-30°), and it was 0.7° (range: 0°-5°) postoperatively. The mean preoperative flexion of the knee was 78.1° (range: 45°-110°) and 98.8° postoperatively. At six-month follow-up, the average Knee Society Score expectation, satisfaction, and functional scores had improved from 8.3 to 13.8 points, 20 to 38.5 points, and 42.8 to 80.5 points, respectively. Conclusion This study suggests that short-term results of total knee replacement in patients with hemophilic arthropathy are favorable, with increased range of movement and quality of life. We also conclude that surgery should be performed by an experienced surgeon with the support of a dedicated hematology unit.

The effects of office ergonomic training on musculoskeletal complaints, sickness absence, and psychological well-being: a cluster randomized control trial

Mahmud N, Kenny DT, Md Zein R, Hassan SN

Asia Pac J Public Health, 2015 Mar;27(2):NP1652-68.

PMID: 21878465 DOI: 10.1177/1010539511419199

This study explored whether musculoskeletal complaints can be reduced by the provision of ergonomics education. A cluster randomized controlled trial study was conducted in which 3 units were randomized to intervention and received training and 3 units were given a leaflet. The effect of intervention on knowledge, workstation practices, musculoskeletal complaints, sickness absence, and psychological well-being were assessed at 6 and 12 months. Although there was no increment of knowledge among workers, significant improvements in workstation practices in the use of monitor, keyboard, and chair were observed. There were significant reductions in neck and upper and lower back complaints among workers but these did not translate into fewer days lost from work. Workers' stress was found to be significantly reduced across the studies. In conclusion, office ergonomics training can be beneficial in reducing musculoskeletal risks and stress among workers.

Azolla pinnata and Lemna minor as comparative hyperaccumulators for livestock wastewater treatment: morpho-physiological and genetic approach

Md Nasir NAN, Zakarya IA, Kamaruddin SA

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2024 Dec;31(58):66360-66371.

PMID: 39625624 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-35598-4

The potential of two different aquatic macrophytes, Azolla pinnata R.Br. and Lemna minor L., to treat livestock wastewater through phytoremediation was investigated. The physiological analysis includes the removal efficiency of manganese (Mn) from livestock wastewater by AAS. Morphological observation was performed by using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and visual observation. RAPD analysis was applied to observe the DNA profile. It was observed that the removal efficiency of Mn was higher in L. minor with a 92% removal rate, while in A. pinnata RE, it was at a 77% rate. The higher removal rate of Mn by L. minor showed that plants had a significant impact on the removal of heavy metals, with a p ≤ 0.05. Retention time and the removal of heavy metals were found to be positively correlated. As early as 24 h after exposure to livestock wastewater (LW), the stomata on the leaves of A. pinnata and L. minor have both shrunk, and the root surfaces have shortened. According to the RAPD analysis, A. pinnata only shows an increase in band intensities and no polymorphism, whereas L. minor has 19% polymorphisms that indicate higher tolerance as hyperaccumulators. As a conclusion, L. minor showed no signs of necrosis and performed more efficiently as a hyperaccumulator in LW, with a higher removal efficiency.

Fulltext The deadly ebola threat in the midst of an overwhelming dengue epidemic

Besari AM, Md Noor SS, Lee YY

Malays J Med Sci, 2014 Nov-Dec;21(6):9-13.

PMID: 25897277 MyJurnal

The recent death tolls and morbidities associated with two deadly viral haemorrhagic fevers (VHFs), i.e., Ebola and dengue, are simply shocking. By the end of August 2014, 65 672 people were afflicted with dengue fever (DF) in Malaysia, with 9505 from Kelantan, and there were 128 reported deaths. More astounding are the death tolls associated with Ebola: 3091 deaths from 6574 reported cases so far. It is not difficult to imagine the potential disaster if Ebola spreads beyond Africa. VHFs are characterised by an acute onset of fever, vascular disruption and a rapid progression to shock and death. The revised World Health Organization (WHO) 2012 classification (dengue with and without warning signs and severe dengue) is more clinically relevant and allows more streamlined admission. With good administrative support and public health and governmental efforts, the dengue epidemic in Malaysia is now more contained. However, there should be no laxity with the imminent lethal Ebola threat. Human-to-human transmission is an important mechanism for the spread of Ebola, and this calls for strict precautions regarding contact with any suspected cases. In contrast, the control and elimination of dengue would require successful control of the vectors and their breeding sites.

Fulltext Superselective embolisation in acute lower gastrointestinal haemorrhage: a single institution experience

Md Ralib AR, Zakaria R, Mohamad Z, Muda AS

Malays J Med Sci, 2009 Oct;16(4):34-41.

PMID: 22135510 MyJurnal

Superselective embolisation has been recognised as integral in the management of lower gastrointestinal haemorrhage. It has also reduced the need for emergency surgery. The objective of this case series was to describe the lower gastrointestinal haemorrhage cases seen in our centre, its diagnosis and the role of superselective embolisation in patient management.

Fulltext Embolisation of a bronchial artery of anomalous origin in massive haemoptysis

Md Ralib AR, Han NT, Hin HS, Muda AS

Malays J Med Sci, 2010 Jul;17(3):55-60.

PMID: 22135550 MyJurnal

Massive haemoptysis is the most dreaded of all respiratory emergencies. Bronchial artery embolisation is known to be a safe and effective procedure in massive haemoptysis. Bronchial artery of anomalous origin presents a diagnostic challenge to interventional radiologists searching for the source of haemorrhage. Here, we report a case of massive haemoptysis secondary to a lung carcinoma with the bronchial artery originating directly from the right subclavian artery. This artery was not evident during the initial flush thoracic aortogram. The anomalous-origin bronchial artery was then embolised using 15% diluted glue with good results. An anomalous-origin bronchial artery should be suspected if the source of haemorrhage is not visualised in the normally expected bronchial artery location.

Fulltext Computed tomography of blunt spleen injury: a pictorial review

Hassan R, Abd Aziz A, Md Ralib AR, Saat A

Malays J Med Sci, 2011 Jan;18(1):60-7.

PMID: 22135575 MyJurnal

The spleen is one of the organs most frequently injured in blunt abdominal trauma. Computed tomography (CT) scanning can accurately detect splenic injury and is currently the imaging modality of choice in assessing clinically stable patients with blunt abdominal trauma. The CT features of spleen injury include lacerations, subcapsular or parenchymal haematomas, active haemorrhage, and vascular injuries. We present a pictorial review of the spectrum of CT findings for blunt splenic injuries. This article will be a useful reference for radiologists and surgeons as CT scan is widely used for the assessment of splenic injuries and contributes to the current trend towards nonsurgical management of this injury.

Fulltext Multiple metastatic deposits in the head and neck region from a renal cell carcinoma

Ishak AI, Md Pauzi SH, Masir N, Goh BS

Malays J Med Sci, 2010 Oct;17(4):71-4.

PMID: 22135565 MyJurnal

Metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) presenting with multiple deposits in the head and neck region is unusual. It is not uncommon for a RCC to metastasise to a distant site after years of a tumour-free period, but most of it would be expected to have a single site of deposit. We report a rare case of a patient who had a nephrectomy 10 years earlier for RCC and presented with tumours in the frontal sinus and posterior pharyngeal wall. Radiological imaging and histology confirmed metastatic RCC at both sites.

Fulltext Ergonomic Training Reduces Musculoskeletal Disorders among Office Workers: Results from the 6-Month Follow-Up

Mahmud N, Kenny DT, Md Zein R, Hassan SN

Malays J Med Sci, 2011 Apr;18(2):16-26.

PMID: 22135582 MyJurnal

Musculoskeletal disorders are commonly reported among computer users. This study explored whether these disorders can be reduced by the provision of ergonomics education.

Fulltext Identifying the Core Content of a Dermatology Module for Malaysian Medical Undergraduate Curriculum Using a Modified Delphi Method

Jamil A, Muthupalaniappen L, Md Nor N, Siraj HH, Salam A

Malays J Med Sci, 2016 May;23(3):78-85.

PMID: 27418873 MyJurnal

Dermatology is a minor module in internal medicine undergraduate curriculum. Limited time is allocated for its teaching. Most graduates are inadequately prepared to diagnose and manage skin diseases. We aimed to identify the core content of a more effective dermatology module.

Differential Gene Expression of Heat Shock Protein 90 (Hsp90) of Candida albicans obtained from Malaysian and Iranian Patients

Khalili V, Shokri H, Md Akim A, Khosravi AR

Malays J Med Sci, 2016 May;23(3):64-71.

PMID: 27418871

Candida albicans (C. albicans) has several virulence factors, in particular heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90), which is expressed by Hsp90 gene. The purposes of this study were to assess the expression of Hsp90 gene in clinical and control isolates of C. albicans obtained from different geographical regions (Malaysia and Iran), different temperatures (25°C, 37°C and 42°C) and mice with candidiasis.

Spermatogonial Stem Cells Protein Identification in In Vitro Culture from Non-Obstructive Azoospermia Patient

Abdul Wahab AY, Md Isa ML, Ramli R

Malays J Med Sci, 2016 May;23(3):40-8.

PMID: 27418868

Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) are classifiedas a unique adult stem cells that have capability to propagate, differentiate, and transmit genetic information to the next generation. Studies on human SSCs may help resolve male infertility problems, especially in azoospermia patients. Therefore, this study aims to propagate SSCs in-vitro with a presence of growth factor and detect SSC-specific protein cell surface markers.

Fulltext Construct validity of primary trait writing rubrics based on assessment use argument (AUA) validation framework

Asli NF, Mohd Matore MEE, Md Yunus M

Heliyon, 2024 Nov 30;10(22):e40053.

PMID: 39619579 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e40053

In assessing performance-based language assessment, the use of a valid and reliable scoring rubric is crucial to minimize measurement errors that become threats in the rating process. The validation process of rubrics which previously was based on qualitative data is not satisfying since empirical evidence is not present. Thus, drawing on the Assessment Use Argument (AUA) Validation Framework, this study aims to search for evidence to prove a claim which is Primary Trait Writing (PTW) rubrics for students self assessment activities are relevant to the construct being measured. Based on that, two warrants and one rebuttal were derived to prove the claim. The participants consisted of 149 secondary school students in a state in Malaysia and three facets identified in the study were the examinee (149 students), the rater (149 students and 3 teachers), and the trait (Content, Format, Cohesive Device, and Sentence Fluency). Many Facet Rasch Model was employed to search for evidence in approving the warrants and rejecting the rebuttal. Based on the statistical results, evidence has shown that PTW rubrics successfully discriminated between students' writing ability, and fulfilled the six basic conditions of rating scale effectiveness to a certain extent where the Cohesive Device trait became the primary concern. In addition, the fit statistics for all traits demonstrated internal consistency and the high-reliability index portrayed the criteria were well differentiated in terms of difficulty level. Thus, all evidence had shown that PTW rubrics obtained construct validity where the warrants were supported, and the rebuttal was rejected which led to the acceptance of the claim. The implication of this study highlights the importance of validating assessment rubrics to ensure their internal validity and the use of MRFM in providing comprehensive analyses of the strengths and weaknesses of the developed rubrics. The use of a primary trait type scoring rubric as a tool in students' self-assessment activities must be highlighted as more current studies are focusing on holistic and analytic scoring. Therefore, it is suggested for future research to expand the use of the Primary Trait rubrics in other type of essays and to be used in peer-assessment activities. Therefore, it is suggested for future research to expand the use of the Primary Trait rubrics in other types of essay and to be used in peer-assessment activities.

Fulltext Pediatric Mycosis Fungoides Mimicking Benign Dermatoses: A Report of a Rare Case

Rosli S, Abd Halim H, Md-Yasin M, Abu Bakar NA

Am J Case Rep, 2025 Jan 07;26:e945897.

PMID: 39774580 DOI: 10.12659/AJCR.945897

BACKGROUND Primary cutaneous lymphomas (PCL) are a multifaceted spectrum of cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL) and cutaneous B cell lymphomas (CBCL). Mycosis fungoides (MF) is a rare subset of CTCL that primarily affects adults, and its occurrence in children is exceedingly rare. Most pediatric MF manifests as hypopigmented patches resembling other benign dermatoses, causing diagnostic challenges. This report outlines a case of pediatric MF in a 7-year-old Malaysian boy. CASE REPORT A 7-year-old boy exhibited progressing skin lesions characterized initially by erythematous, papular rashes over the face and upper limbs, then to the whole body, becoming hypopigmented, with pruritus and scaling for 1 year. Multiple clinics treated him for eczema and pityriasis alba but he responded poorly to courses of various topical steroids and emollient treatment. Due to the refractory nature of the lesions, he was subsequently referred to a dermatology clinic, where 2 skin biopsies were performed. The first biopsy revealed epidermotropism of atypical lymphocytes, consistent with MF. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed positive CD3+ expression with slightly reduced CD4+, CD7+, and CD8+ expression, and normal CD2+ and CD5+ expression at the epidermis level. Nevertheless, due to the rarity of MF in children, a second biopsy was performed, validating the diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS Pediatric MF is a rare and challenging diagnosis. This case report highlights the importance of close monitoring of unresolved hypopigmented lesions and increased vigilance on lesions not responding to standard treatment. Timely diagnosis with support of skin biopsy is crucial to avoid potentially serious disease progression and helps provide appropriate management leading to improved outcomes.

Phytosterols and their extraction from various plant matrices using supercritical carbon dioxide: a review

Uddin MS, Sarker MZ, Ferdosh S, Akanda MJ, Easmin MS, Bt Shamsudin SH, et al.

J Sci Food Agric, 2015 May;95(7):1385-94.

PMID: 25048690 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.6833

Phytosterols provide important health benefits: in particular, the lowering of cholesterol. From environmental and commercial points of view, the most appropriate technique has been searched for extracting phytosterols from plant matrices. As a green technology, supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) using carbon dioxide (CO2) is widely used to extract bioactive compounds from different plant matrices. Several studies have been performed to extract phytosterols using supercritical CO2 (SC-CO2) and this technology has clearly offered potential advantages over conventional extraction methods. However, the efficiency of SFE technology fully relies on the processing parameters, chemistry of interest compounds, nature of the plant matrices and expertise of handling. This review covers SFE technology with particular reference to phytosterol extraction using SC-CO2. Moreover, the chemistry of phytosterols, properties of supercritical fluids (SFs) and the applied experimental designs have been discussed for better understanding of phytosterol solubility in SC-CO2.

Health risk assessment of heavy metal accumulation in the Buriganga and Turag River systems for Puntius ticto, Heteropneustes fossilis, and Channa punctatus

Baki MA, Shojib MFH, Sehrin S, Chakraborty S, Choudhury TR, Bristy MS, et al.

Environ Geochem Health, 2020 Feb;42(2):531-543.

PMID: 31376046 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-019-00386-4

This study aimed to assess the effects of major ecotoxic heavy metals accumulated in the Buriganga and Turag River systems on the liver, kidney, intestine, and muscle of common edible fish species Puntius ticto, Heteropneustes fossilis, and Channa punctatus and determine the associated health risks. K was the predominant and reported as a major element. A large concentration of Zn was detected in diverse organs of the three edible fishes compared with other metals. Overall, trace metal analysis indicated that all organs (especially the liver and kidney) were under extreme threat because the maximum permissible limit set by different international health organizations was exceeded. The target hazard quotient and target cancer risk due to the trace metal content were the largest for P. ticto. Thus, excessive intake of P. ticto from the rivers Buriganga and Turag could result in chronic risks associated with long-term exposure to contaminants. Histopathological investigations revealed the first detectable indicators of infection and findings of long-term injury in cells, tissues, and organs. Histopathological changes in various tissue structures of fish functioned as key pointers of connection to pollutants, and definite infections and lesion types were established based on biotic pointers of toxic/carcinogenic effects. The analysis of histopathological alterations is a controlling integrative device used to assess pollutants in the environment.

Pharmacological insights on the antidepressant, anxiolytic and aphrodisiac potentials of Aglaonema hookerianum Schott

Goni O, Khan MF, Rahman MM, Hasan MZ, Kader FB, Sazzad N, et al.

J Ethnopharmacol, 2021 Mar 25;268:113664.

PMID: 33278545 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113664

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Aglaonema hookerianum Schott is an ethnomedicinally important plant used to treat a variety of diseases, including sexual and depression-like disorders. However, the scientific basis underlying the aforesaid properties have not been well justified.

AIM OF THE STUDY: The present investigation aimed to investigate the anxiolytic, antidepressant and aphrodisiac potentials of methanol leaves extract of A. hookerianum (MEAH) in Swiss albino mice.

MATERIALS & METHODS: Swiss albino mice (20-30 g) were orally administrated with MEAH at the doses ranging from 100 to 400 mg/kg, b.w. The elevated plus maze (EPM) and hole board test (HBT) were performed to determine the anxiolytic activity and the forced swimming test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST) were performed to determine the antidepressant activity of MEAH. Besides, the aphrodisiac activity of MEAH was conducted through the mounting behaviour and orientation behaviour analysis. Diazepam (1 mg/kg, b.w., i.p.) for EPM and HBT; fluoxetine HCl (20 mg/kg, b.w., p.o.) for FST and TST, and sildenafil (5 mg/kg, b.w., p.o.) for the mounting behaviour analysis and orientation behaviour analysis were used as reference drugs.

RESULTS: The administration of the MEAH produced a strong (p

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