MyMedR

Fulltext Congenital trans-mesenteric herniation: a rare cause of small intestine strangulation in adults

Umaparan G, Nallusamy K, Abdul Wahab MH, Mohammad Nor AM, Mat Arif NA

J Surg Case Rep, 2012 Dec 04;2012(11).

Trans-mesenteric hernia is a form of internal hernia which is an extremely rare cause of intestinal obstruction in adults compared with the pediatric population. It often presents with complications such as acute intestinal obstruction and peritonitis requiring immediate surgical intervention. We report a case of a 21-year-old woman who presented to us with an acute abdomen and peritonitis that required an immediate exploratory laparotomy. She was found to have a small congenital mesenteric defect with strangulated segment of ileum. Gangrenous portion of the ileum was resected and the congenital defect was closed. The patient made an uneventful recovery. The occurrence of trans-mesenteric hernia in adults is rare and difficult to be diagnosed clinically; thus, the patient's clinical features may lead to early surgical intervention in order to reduce morbidity and mortality.

Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult

Fulltext Cerebral toxoplasmosis in systemic lupus erythematosus following intravenous methylprednisolone

Pagalavan L, Kan FK

Med J Malaysia, 2011 Mar;66(1):68-70.

PMID: 23765150 MyJurnal

Cerebral toxoplasmosis is a rare complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). An 18 year old male student, newly diagnosed to have SLE, developed neurological symptoms two days after completing intravenous methylprednisolone. Computed tomography (CT) scan showed features consistent with a diagnosis of probable cerebral toxoplasmosis. He responded dramatically to antitoxoplasma therapy. To our knowledge, this is the first case report in the literature that presents a newly diagnosed SLE patient who rapidly developed cerebral toxoplasmosis following administration of intravenous methylprednisolone. Our case illustrates that this drug is potentially fatal and the importance of differentiating cerebral infection from neuropsychiatric lupus.

Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult

Correlation between urinary nicotine, cotinine and self-reported smoking status among educated young adults

Man CN, Fathelrahman AI, Harn GL, Lajis R, Samin AS, Omar M, et al.

Environ Toxicol Pharmacol, 2009 Jul;28(1):92-6.

PMID: 21783987 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2009.03.003

The objective of this study was to correlate, differentiate and validate the self-reported smoking status of educated young adults with urinary biomarkers (i.e. nicotine and cotinine). Freshmen students were recruited on voluntary basis. They filled-up self-administered questionnaire and their urine samples were collected for analysis. The urinary nicotine (UN) and cotinine (UC) were measured by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry. Smokers, non-smokers and ex-smokers were found to be both significantly correlated and different in their UN and UC levels. UC level of 25ng/ml was the optimal cut-off to differentiate smokers from non-smokers. Using this cut-off value, the prevalence of smoking among the students was found to be higher (15.4%) than the self-reported data (14.3%). UC is useful in validating individual recent smoking history and the cut-off could serve as a marker for assessing the clinical impact of smoking and environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure on human health.
Study site: university health centre, Universiti SainsMalaysia (USM), Pulau Pinang, Malaysia

Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult

A case of disproportionate macrodactyly or a mild form of Proteus syndrome? An interesting case

Abdullah S, Haflah NH, Sapuan J, Das S

Acta Medica (Hradec Kralove), 2010;53(4):243-6.

PMID: 21400985

We present a 20-year-old Malay male whom we believe has Proteus syndrome, a rare congenital disorder of asymmetrical overgrowth of body tissues. There are fewer than 100 confirmed cases reported worldwide thus the clinical presentation and histopathological findings are of significance. Our patient presented with an overgrown right small finger and subcutaneous purplish pigmentation over his left upper arm and chest since birth. His small finger gradually increased in size. He had no abnormalities in sensation or power. Radiographs revealed a delta shaped middle phalanx of the small finger. His activities of daily living were uninterrupted but he requested debulking surgery for cosmetic reasons. Histopathological examination reported hypertrophic fatty tissue composed of well formed lobules of mature adipocytes interspersed with fibrous elements.

Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult

Two varieties of honey that are available in Malaysia gave intermediate glycemic index values when tested among healthy individuals

Robert SD, Ismail AA

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub, 2009 Jun;153(2):145-7.

PMID: 19771140

AIM: To determine the glycemic index (GI) of Malaysian wild honey and Australian honey.

METHODS: Eight healthy volunteers (5 men and 3 women, aged 24-44 y, with normal BMI) were served 50 g carbohydrate portions of two varieties of honey or the reference food (glucose, tested 3 times), on separate occasions. Capillary blood glucose was measured fasting and at 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 min after the start of the test meals. The GI was calculated by expressing each subject's incremental area under the blood glucose curve (AUC) after honey as a percentage of his or her mean AUC after glucose.

RESULTS: The results showed that the mean AUC of the Malaysian and Australian honeys, 174+/-19 and 158+/-16 mmolxmin/l, respectively, did not differ from each other but were significantly less than that after glucose, 259+/-15 mmolxmin/l (P<0.001). The mean GI of Malaysian wild honey, 65+/-7, did not differ from that of Australian honey, 59+/-5, but both were significantly less than the GI of glucose, 100 (P<0.001).

CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that both Malaysian wild honey (GI=65+/-7) and Australian honey (GI=59+/-5) are intermediate GI foods.

Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult

Fulltext A case of Hashimoto encephalopathy in a Malay woman with Graves disease

Ngiu CS, Ibrahim NM, Yahya WN, Tan HJ, Mustafa N, Basri H, et al.

BMJ Case Rep, 2009;2009.

PMID: 21709844 DOI: 10.1136/bcr.01.2009.1501

Hashimoto encephalopathy (HE) is a poorly recognised steroid-responsive encephalopathy, with prominent neuropsychiatric features. Diagnosis is often difficult due to its heterogeneous clinical presentation, especially since the thyroid status or anti-thyroid antibody titres may not be related to the disease state. Here, the case of a 23-year-old Malay woman with Graves disease who presented with progressive encephalopathy diagnosed as HE is presented. She responded dramatically to high dose intravenous and then oral corticosteroid. A month after the initiation of treatment, she regained full independency.

Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult

[Demodex among medical students]

Bourée P

Med Sante Trop, 2012 Jul-Sep;22(3):263.

PMID: 23387009

Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult

Fulltext Short-term acute effects of gutkha chewing on heart rate variability among young adults: A cross-sectional study

Itagi AB, Arora D, Patil NA, Bailwad SA, Yunus GY, Goel A

Int J Appl Basic Med Res, 2016 Jan-Mar;6(1):45-9.

PMID: 26958522 DOI: 10.4103/2229-516X.174008

An increase in the consumption of smokeless tobacco has been noticed among high school, college students, and adults. Despite the antiquity and popularity of chewing tobacco in India, its effects have not been investigated systematically in humans. The aim of this study was to investigate acute effects of gutkha chewing on heart rate variability (HRV) among healthy young adults.

Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult

Fulltext Images in clinical medicine. Nevus comedonicus

Bhullar A, Shamsudin N

N Engl J Med, 2015 Jun 25;372(26):2541.

PMID: 26107054 DOI: 10.1056/NEJMicm1406555

Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult

Survival at extreme altitude - The misery and miracle of aircraft stowaways

Flaherty GT, Long IJ

Travel Med Infect Dis, 2016 Jul-Aug;14(4):417-8.

PMID: 27262631 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2016.05.016

Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult

Fulltext Dengue-related Longitudinally Extensive Transverse Myelitis

Tan W, Lim CTS

Neurol India, 2019 9 13;67(4):1116-1117.

PMID: 31512649 DOI: 10.4103/0028-3886.266296

Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult

Fulltext A case series of dextromethorphan abuse

Seed Hon Fei, Thong Kai Shin

Malaysian Journal of Psychiatry, 2018;27(2):0-0.

MyJurnal

Dextromethorphan, an over the counter cough suppressant is gaining
popularity among teenagers and young adults because of its easy availability,
relatively low price and most importantly the feeling good effects that it
brought when used in megadoses. We are reporting three cases of
dextromethorphan abuse and its clinical presentations. We discussed about
the factors that contribute to the current situation of uncontrolled usage of
dextromethorphan in our population especially in Sarawak. We also looked
into some of the steps that we can take in order to prevent the situation from
becoming worse.

Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult

Fulltext [Travel Related Fever and Rash: Two Cases of Dengue Fever]

Karabay O, Güçlü E, Şimşek A, Okan HD, Öğütlü A, Coşgun Y, et al.

Mikrobiyol Bul, 2019 Jul;53(3):348-353.

PMID: 31414637 DOI: 10.5578/mb.68050

The frequency of travel-related infections in the world has increased due to the easily and widespread use of travel facilities in the 21st century. Vector-borne diseases are an important part of infectious diseases. Dengue fever is one of the travel-related infections that has been reported increasingly in recent years through the development of diagnostic methods. The aim of this report was to present two Dengue fever cases originating from travel. There was a story of mosquito bite during a trip to Sri Lanka travel in our first case. The patient was 30 years old and maculopapular rash appeared on the fifth day of contact. Three days after the onset of the rash, she has admitted to our clinic, complaining with fever and chills. Increased leukopenia and muscle enzymes were detected in the laboratory analysis. Real-time reverse transcriptase polimerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was positive in the serum sample. The patient was followed up with supportive care and discharged by improvement. The second case, a 24-year-old male, had a story of mosquito bite during his trip to Malaysia. After the patient complained of fever, chills, fever, nausea, vomiting and muscle pain, the Dengue virus (DENV) NS1 antigen test performed in this country was found to be positive. In the second case, there was no maculopapular rash and laboratory analysis showed an increase in leukopenia, thrombocytopenia and muscle enzymes. RT-PCR positivity was detected in the serum sample. The patient was followed up with supportive treatment and discharged with cure. DENV infections are caused by DENV which is common in the tropical areas of the world. There are four DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3 and DENV-4 serotypes. DENV infections can present different clinical manifestations such as asymptomatic disease, viral syndrome, Dengue haemorrhagic fever, and Dengue shock syndrome. Dengue fever is often accompanied by arthritis, maculopapular rash and high fever. Our cases were defined as Dengue fever according to this definition. In the diagnosis of the disease, it is necessary first to be suspicious of the disease and the travel history must be questioned. In the definitive diagnosis, virus isolation, antigen, nucleic acid detection and serological tests are used. The virus can be isolated from blood, serum, urine and tissues. In the first five days after beginning of the symptoms associated with DENV infections, serum RT-PCR and Dengue NS1 antigen test may be positive.

Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult

Skin eruption induced by dieting - an underdiagnosed skin disease in Malaysia

Goh SW, Adawiyah J, Md Nor N, Yap F, Ch'ng P, Chang CC

Malays Fam Physician, 2019;14(1):42-46.

PMID: 31289632

Prurigo pigmentosa is an inflammatory dermatosis characterized by a pruritic, symmetrically distributed erythematous papular or papulo-vesicular eruption on the trunk arranged in a reticulated pattern that resolves with hyperpigmentation. It is typically non-responsive to topical or systemic steroid therapy. The exact etiology is unknown, but it is more commonly described in the Far East countries. Dietary change is one of the predisposing factors. We report on nine young adult patients with prurigo pigmentosa, among whom five were on ketogenic diets prior to the onset of the eruptions. All cases resolved with oral doxycycline with no recurrence. We hope to improve the awareness of this uncommon skin condition among general practitioners and physicians so that disfiguring hyperpigmentation due to delayed diagnosis and treatment can be avoided.

Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult

Fulltext Utilization of 2D photography for acquisition of facial anthropometry

Sayfaldeen Kashmoola, Tengku Fazrina Tengku Mohd Ariff, Hazmyr Abdul Wahab

ESTEEM Academic Journal, 2020;16(1):27-37.

MyJurnal

Anthropometry is defined as the scientific study of the measurements and proportions of the human body. To date, the most used methods for the acquisition of facial anthropometric parameters are direct method employing calipers and protractors tools, which are time-consuming, or indirect methods employing three-dimensional (3D) imaging systems, which are expensive. Despite the possible advantages of two-dimensional (2D) photography, it is not widely explored due to complications such as resolution and distortion of digital photos. The objective of this study is to
assess the accuracy of the Digital Single-Lens Reflector (DSLR) camera as an indirect method against direct method at different aperture and distance to subject. Adults aged 20-45 years were voluntarily recruited in this study (n=24). Twelve facial anthropometric parameters were measured for each participant using direct anthropometry (sliding caliper), and indirect anthropometry (DSLR camera). When placing the DSLR camera at 2.0 meters from subjects with f/6.3 aperture, nine facial anthropometric parameters were obtained accurately (p> .05). The findings suggested that
the accuracy of the DSLR camera as an indirect method for the acquisition of facial anthropometric parameters was established at the aperture setting of f/6.3 and the object distance at 2.0 meters. Therefore, it can be recommended as a facial anthropometry acquisition technique.

Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult

A Cross-sectional Study to Evaluate Nuclear Changes in Buccal Mucosa Following Panoramic Radiography

Santhosh K, Manzoor S, Sushanth A, Seralathan S, Rajasekar V, Jacob A

J Contemp Dent Pract, 2020 Nov 01;21(11):1258-1261.

PMID: 33850072

AIM AND OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the possible genotoxic effect of X-rays on buccal mucosa while exposing to dental panoramic radiography using micronucleus test.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study group comprised of 30 healthy subjects, 15 males and 15 females, aged between 24 years and 65 years. Samples were obtained from the exfoliated oral mucosa cells of buccal mucosa before and 12 days after exposing the patients to panoramic radiography.

RESULTS: The study reported that there was no significant increase in the number of micronuclei cells present before and after panoramic radiography. Positive correlation existed between age with pre- and postexposure micronuclei.

CONCLUSION: Diagnostic dental panoramic radiograph does not induce micronuclei in the target buccal epithelium cells. A positive correlation between age and micronuclei frequency was established.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Panoramic radiographs does not induce cytotoxicity but increase frequency may be vulnerable to genotoxic effects in buccal mucosal cells. Hence, dental radiographs should be prescribed only when necessary.

Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult

Fulltext Effect of different inter-stimulus intervals (ISI) on cortical auditory evoked potential in normal hearing adults: a preliminary finding

‘Afaf Ezzaty Abdul Rahim, Ahmad Aidil Arafat Dzulkarnain

International Journal of Allied Health Sciences, 2018;2(3):459-467.

MyJurnal

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different inter-stimulus intervals to the Cortical Auditory Evoked Potential (CAEP) findings in adult participants. Nineteen normal hearing individuals aged between 20 and 24 years old participated in this study. CAEP were measured by presenting 1000 Hz tone burst stimulus at 70dBnHL at three different inter-stimulus intervals (ISI)s of 2000, 909 and 555 ms in randomized order. Results revealed significant changes in the CAEP’s amplitude as a function of ISI with a reduction of P1-N1 amplitude of up to 50%. N2 peak was absent in some subjects using short ISI (555 ms). This study concluded that the use of very short ISI (e.g. 555 ms) may not be appropriate clinically because it can reduce the CAEP wave amplitude
and can cause an absence of peak N2. In contrast, the use of short ISI may be useful for other clinical applications that may benefit from neural habituation and refractoriness, for example to predict the potential future outcome of speech and mental disorders.

Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult

Fulltext Accidental Puncture of a Dialysis Catheter into the Brachiocephalic Trunk

Md Noh MSF

Aorta (Stamford), 2020 Oct;8(5):159-160.

PMID: 33368104 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1715466

A 22-year-old male with underlying end-stage renal failure was referred to our center for a malpositioned dialysis catheter. Imaging showed the tip of the catheter to be placed in the brachiocephalic trunk; the patient was, however, asymptomatic. Surgical removal of the malpositioned catheter followed, with no postoperative complications.

Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult

Fulltext Group B Streptococcal Meningitis in a Healthy Young Woman: A Case Report

Payus AO, Clarence C, Azman Ali R

Int J Gen Med, 2020;13:861-864.

PMID: 33116778 DOI: 10.2147/IJGM.S277394

Group B streptococcus (GBS) is a rare cause of meningitis in adults that commonly affects patients with multiple underlying comorbidities. Although it is uncommon, it typically progresses very rapidly and has a high mortality rate as compared to other causes of bacterial meningitis. Here, we report a patient with GBS meningitis who had no underlying medical illness and presented with multiple episodes of seizure within hours of developing fever. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis results were consistent with bacterial meningitis, and blood cultures grew GBS. She was treated with intravenous ceftriaxone for 2 weeks and made a great recovery without any sequalae. In conclusion, although GBS meningitis is uncommon in adults, it is a serious medical disease and associated with a high mortality rate. To the best of our knowledge, this patient represents one of the few reported cases of GBS meningitis in a previously healthy young adult.

Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult

Fulltext An Aubergine in My … Case of Rectal Foreign Body

Mohamad IS, Yaacob H

Malays Fam Physician, 2018;13(3):47-48.

PMID: 30800236 MyJurnal

A 24-year-old man presented to the casualty department with a history of left-sided, colicky abdominal pain for one day. It was associated with an inability to pass flatus or motion within the same duration. There was no history of vomiting. On examination, the vital signs were within normal limits, and he was afebrile. His abdomen was soft, but a hard mass was palpable on the left side of his abdomen. There was no peritonitis. The bowel sounds were sluggish.

Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult

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