Displaying publications 1121 - 1140 of 3649 in total

Abstract:
Sort:
  1. Fulltext Prevalence of emotional disorders among medical students in a Malaysian university
    Mohd Sidik S, Rampal L, Kaneson N
    Asia Pac Fam Med, 2003;2(4):213-217.
    Background: Emotional disorder, one of the common human emotional states is defined as feelings of sadness and tiredness in response to life events, such as disappointments. It is one of the major problems among students and although it consists of more than half of all mental disorders, it is often left untreated each year worldwide. Aim: To determine the prevalence of emotional disorders among medical students at a university in Malaysia.
    Methods: A cross sectional study design was used. All medical students at a local university in Malaysia were included in the study. A questionnaire similar to the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) was used as a screening instrument.
    Results: A total of 41.9% of the medical students were found to have emotional disorders. Factors found to have a significant association with emotional disorders were relationship of the respondents with their parents (chi-square=6.02, d.f.=1, p<0.05), siblings (chi-square=6.94, d.f.=1, p<0.05) and lecturers (chi-square=4.80, d.f.=1, p<0.05), as well as pressure prior to exams (chi-square=10.30, d.f.=1, p<0.05).
    Conclusion: The prevalence of emotional disorders among medical students was high. There was significant association between emotional disorders and respondents' relationship with their parents, siblings and lecturers, as well as level of pressure prior to exam. Early detection of this condition is important to prevent psychological morbidity and its unwanted effects on medical students and young doctors.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prevalence
  2. Fulltext Prevalence of depression with chronic illness among the elderly in a rural community in Malaysia
    Mohd Sidik S, Mohd Zulkefli NA, Mustaqim A
    Asia Pac Fam Med, 2003;2(4):196-199.
    Introduction: Depression is the most common psychiatric disorder among the elderly. The hallmark of depression in the elderly is its comorbidity with medical illness. Aim: To determine the prevalence of depression and its association with chronic illness among the elderly in a rural community setting. Methods: A cross sectional study design was used. A 30-item Geriatric Depression Scale questionnaire was used as a screening instrument. Results: The prevalence of depression was higher among elderly with chronic illness (9.0%) compared to elderly without chronic illness (5.6%). Depression among the elderly was signi.cantly associated with ischemic heart disease. Conclusion: The prevalence of depression among the elderly with chronic illness in the community is high. Primary care providers need to be vigilant when treating elderly patients in their care as depression is commonly found in this group.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prevalence
  3. Practical Problems of Medication Use in the Elderly Malaysians and Their Beliefs and Attitudes Toward Deprescribing of Medications
    Omar MS, Ariandi AH, Tohit NM
    J Res Pharm Pract, 2019 10 16;8(3):105-111.
    PMID: 31728340 DOI: 10.4103/jrpp.JRPP_19_35
    Objective: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of practical problems with medications use experienced by elderly patients and the management strategy employed to overcome the problems. This study also aimed to evaluate the belief and attitude of elderly patients toward deprescribing.

    Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among elderly patients that seeking treatment in a primary care clinic in Malaysia from September to November 2018 using a set of researcher-assisted and validated questionnaire on their consent.

    Findings: A total of 182 elderly patients were included in this study. A majority of participants (n = 87, 47.8%) admitted experiencing practical problems with their medication use. There are varieties of choice of management strategy employed by elderly patients to overcome the problems. For the willingness to deprescribing, there were positive correlation for patients' age (rs (182) =0.183, P < 0.05) and number of medications (rs (182) =0.271, P < 0.01) with the burden factor. There were also a negative correlation of age (rs (182) = -0.174, P < 0.05) and number of medication (rs (182) = -0.176, P < 0.04) with appropriateness of medications.

    Conclusion: A majority of Malaysian elderly experience practical problems with their medication use. Elderly patients' belief and attitudes toward deprescribing were influenced by age and number of medications.

    Matched MeSH terms: Prevalence
  4. Fulltext Accuracy of urinalysis in detection of urinary tract infection in a primary care setting
    Othman S, Chia YC, Ng CJ
    Asia Pac Fam Med, 2003;2(4):206-212.
    Aim: To determine the accuracy of urinalysis in the detection of urinary tract infection (UTI) in symptomatic patients at primary care level. Methods: A cross sectional study was undertaken on 100 patients with symptoms of UTI presenting at the Primary Care Clinic of University Malaya Medical Center, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia during the months of August to November 1999. Their urine samples were tested simultaneously using urine dipstick, urine microscopy and urine culture. Urine culture was used as the gold standard and UTI was diagnosed when the urine culture showed a bacteria count of >= 105 organisms per mL. The sensitivity and specificity of each test was calculated. Results: The prevalence of UTI was 25% in symptomatic patients. The urine dipstick for leukocyte esterase, nitrite and red blood cell had sensitivities of 76, 56 and 76%, respectively. Their specificities were 60, 81 and 61%, respectively. Urine microscopy for leukocytes, red blood cells and bacterial count had sensitivities of 80, 52 and 84%, while their specificities were 76, 80 and 54%, respectively. Conclusion: The prevalence of UTI in the present study was low despite reported symptoms of UTI. Urinalysis is needed to support the diagnosis of UTI. In the present study, while there is accuracy in the urinalysis (as the sensitivities and specificities of various tests are comparable with other studies); lack of precision in each test because of the wide range of 95% confidence interval make it less reliable. Caution should be made in interpreting each test.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prevalence
  5. Global trends in myopia management attitudes and strategies in clinical practice - 2019 Update
    Wolffsohn JS, Calossi A, Cho P, Gifford K, Jones L, Jones D, et al.
    Cont Lens Anterior Eye, 2020 02;43(1):9-17.
    PMID: 31761738 DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2019.11.002
    PURPOSE: A survey in 2015 identified a high level of eye care practitioner concern about myopia with a reported moderately high level of activity, but the vast majority still prescribed single vision interventions to young myopes. This research aimed to update these findings 4 years later.

    METHODS: A self-administrated, internet-based questionnaire was distributed in eight languages, through professional bodies to eye care practitioners globally. The questions examined: awareness of increasing myopia prevalence, perceived efficacy of available strategies and adoption levels of such strategies, and reasons for not adopting specific strategies.

    RESULTS: Of the 1336 respondents, concern was highest (9.0 ± 1.6; p 

    Matched MeSH terms: Prevalence
  6. Mental Health Status and Its Associated Factors Among Caregivers of Psychiatric Patients in Kuching, Sarawak
    Ivan Vun JS, Cheah WL, Helmy H
    Malays Fam Physician, 2019;14(2):18-25.
    PMID: 31827731
    Introduction: Caregivers have a high risk of mental health disorders. The quality of patient care is inseparable from the mental health status of caregivers. The objective of this research was to study the mental health status among caregivers of psychiatric patients and its associated factors.

    Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 198 caregivers in Kuching from January till July 2014.   The respondents were recruited using systematic sampling and were required to provide information on sociodemographic and environmental factors as well as complete the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) questionnaire. The data was analysed using the IBM SPSS Statistical Software Version 20.0.

    Results: The prevalence rates of anxiety and depression among caregivers were 32.8% and 27.8%, respectively.  The caregiver's age (OR=0.97, 95% CI = 0.953 - 0.996), the perception of caregiving as an economic burden (OR= 2.70, 95% CI= 1.256 - 5.803) and the dependence of the patient (OR= 2.27, 95% CI= 1.087 - 4.719) were associated with anxiety.  A caregiver who was male (OR= 2.21, 95% CI= 1.143 - 4.262), a caretaker who held the perception that a patient was dependent on them (OR=2.53, 95% CI= 1.203 - 5.337), and a caretaker who lacked stress-coping skills (OR=2.48, 95% CI= 1.030 - 5.973) were found to be significant factors in depression.

    Conclusion: A high prevalence of probable anxiety and depression among caregivers points to the need to screen caregivers. There is a vital need to train healthcare workers to be able to detect early anxiety and depression. Culturally sensitive research should be carried out for different ethnicity, and improving the support system for caregivers is necessary.

    Matched MeSH terms: Prevalence
  7. Fulltext Respiratory symptons prevalence among traffic policemen in Malaysia
    Putri Anis Syahira Mohamad Jamil, Karmegam Karuppiah, Irniza Rasdi, Shamsul Bahri Mohd Tamrin, Sivasankar Sambasivam, Nur Athirah Diyana Mohammad Yusof, et al.
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2018;14(102):1-5.
    MyJurnal
    Traffic policemen are exposed to polluted air for a long time in high concentrations since they are working outside for most of the time which is bad for their health. Hence, this study was to determine the prevalence of respiratory symptoms and pulmonary function among traffic police in Kuala Lumpur and Johor Bahru. Methods: A pulmonary function test using spirometer was used to measure the pulmonary function of subjects. A questionnaire on respiratory symptoms translated version from IUALTD was used. The questionnaire includes background data, occupational and health history. Results: The traffic policemen were determined as having lower lung function parameters; low FVC% predicted (89.6%) and low FEV1% predicted (94%) due to their nature of work and the environment. Coughing was present at the highest (33.6%) among them, whereas wheezing was found the least (15.7%) of the workers. Conclusions: Findings from this study, indicated that there is a development of respiratory diseases and deterioration of lung function among traffic policemen. These baseline data can serve as a reference to the top management of traffic police officers in order to develop an occupational safety and health guideline for police officers as they are not covered by Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA, Act 514 1994).
    Matched MeSH terms: Prevalence
  8. Fulltext Noncommunicable disease risk factors and socioeconomic inequalities – what are the links? A multicountry analysis of noncommunicable disease surveillance data. Report to the WHO Regional Office for the Western Pacific
    Bauman A, Phongsavan P, Schoeppe S, Chey T
    ISBN: 978-92-9061-474-6
    Citation: Bauman A, Phongsavan P, Schoeppe S, Chey T. Noncommunicable disease risk factors and socioeconomic inequalities – what are the links? A multicountry analysis of noncommunicable disease surveillance data. Report to the WHO Regional Office for the Western Pacific. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2010

    Malaysia as contributing authors and in full text.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prevalence
  9. Fulltext The effectiveness of psychiatric therapy against Malaysian cancer patients with depressive disorders: a systematic review
    Amir MC, Mousavi L, Shahizan H
    Jurnal Psikologi Malaysia, 2016;31:57-66.
    The aim of this study is to compare depression in terms of treatment between psychotherapy and medical approach or to combine these approaches among cancer patients in Malaysia with respect to the cancer categories. It also studies the major prevalence of depressive disorder in the group together with the specialized clinical connection to the health outcomes. The annual incidence of cancer cases in Malaysia is 30,000 at late stage of the disease. We found 17 eligible researches out of 142 articles which most were under designed of cross-sectional or prospective study, and contained 2,523 cancer patients. This study was conducted on systematic electronic review using the databases such as PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, Wiley Online Library were carried out from the period of time between 2006 and 2015. For data collection purposes, the study goes through the Malaysian articles in English language, in which some of the considered factors were general management principles, cancer level among the depressed patients, the selection of the psychological therapies and the use of antidepressant medication. However, the evidences are still not enough to present an effective diagnostic method for the depressive disorders in cancer patients, and to find a successful antidepressant drug and/or an appropriate psychotherapy in this group of patients. Hence, many different approaches could be presented for psychotherapy. In conclusion, we found increased hazard rates for the cancer death among psychiatric patients compared to the control group without a registered mental illness.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prevalence
  10. Fulltext Remission of symptoms among schizophrenia patients receiving assertive community treatment (ACT) in Malaysia: one year follow-up
    Rahima Dahlan, Marhani Midin, Hatta Sidi
    Sains Malaysiana, 2013;42:389-397.
    Assertive community treatment (ACT) is one of the most important elements of mental health care reform in Malaysia. Many studies worldwide have reliably found that ACT has positive impact on several outcome domains such as reduced hospitalization rate, improvement of symptoms and quality of life. This study aimed to assess the outcome of ACT in the aspect of symptom remission and its influencing factors among patients with schizophrenia in the urban city of Kuala Lumpur. A cross sectional study was conducted on 155 patients with schizophrenia who received ACT in Hospital Kuala Lumpur (HKL). The selection was made by simple random sampling. The abbreviated Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) was used to determine the status of symptom remission. The socio demographic and relevant clinical data were also assessed. A total of 76% (118) was noted to be in remission. According to logistic regression, the strongest predictor of patients receiving ACT with symptom remission was having good social support (p<0.001) and with higher educational level (p=0.024). The study revealed the effectiveness of ACT in terms of high prevalence of patients with symptom remission. This was despite the model of ACT being studied not fulfilling all fidelity measurements of the standard version of the service. The finding would hopefully act as a propeller for further development in this service area. However, the study
    needs to be replicated through studies with better designs and involving more psychiatric centers.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prevalence
  11. Fulltext Internet addiction among undergraduate students: evidence from a Malaysian public university
    Rosliza A.M., Ragubathi, M.N., Mohamad Yusoff M.K.A., Shaharuddin M.S.
    International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2018;17(2):41-48.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Internet addiction is an increasingly worrying phenomena affecting people globally especially the youths. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of internet addiction among undergraduate students in a Malaysian public university and its associated factors. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 322 undergraduate students, identified through cluster sampling was conducted using a pretested, self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire includes socio-demography, use of information technology gadgets and internet usage. Internet Addiction test (IAT) was used to identify internet addiction. Data was analysed using SPSS version 22. Results: From 322 respondents, 25 (7.8%) were categorised as addictive internet users, while 182 (56.5%) were problematic internet users. The commonest online activity includes social networking (86.6%), entertainment (77.3%) and educational purposes (77.0%). From multivariate analysis, problematic and addictive internet use was significantly more common among male students (AOR=2.47, 95% CI [1.43, 4.26]), those who received study loan (AOR=1.93, 95% CI [1.10, 3.39]) and other types of funding (AOR=3.95, 95% CI [1.59, 9.80]) compared to those on scholarships, and those who spent between four to ten hours a day accessing the Internet (AOR=2.43, 95% CI [1.13, 5.23]) compared to those using the Internet for two hours or less a day. Conclusion: The prevalence of problematic and addictive internet use among respondents were higher compared to previous researches among Malaysian adolescents. It is recommended that an awareness programme on responsible use of the internet be conducted to prevent students from becoming addicted which may impact negatively on their educational performance and social life.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prevalence
  12. Fulltext National income, self-reported wheezing and asthma diagnosis from the World Health Survey
    Sembajwe G, Cifuentes M, Tak SW, Kriebel D, Gore R, Punnett L
    Eur Respir J, 2010 Feb;35(2):279-86.
    PMID: 19741032 DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00027509
    The aims of this study were to quantify and describe the variations in respiratory symptoms and diagnosis prevalence across regions of the world according to national income. In 2002 and 2003, the World Health Organization implemented the World Health Survey (WHS), which used a standardised survey instrument to compile comprehensive baseline information on health and healthcare expenditure. We analysed the WHS data to assess the global patterns of self-reported wheeze and doctor-diagnosed asthma, two commonly reported measures of respiratory health. In total there were 308,218 participants with complete records, from 64 countries. The weighted mean age of the survey population was 43 yrs. Global prevalence of current wheezing symptoms ranged from 2.4% in Vietnam to 24% in Brazil; the prevalence of diagnosed asthma ranged from 1.8% in Vietnam to 32.8% in Australia. Overall, the prevalence of symptoms and diagnosis showed a U-shaped pattern with the largest prevalence reported in low- and high-income countries. The smallest prevalence was consistently found in middle-income countries. These WHS analyses have provided global prevalence estimates of wheeze and doctor-diagnosed asthma using data gathered simultaneously and consistently across six continents. These findings support the need for continued global respiratory illness surveillance for disease prevention, health policy and management.
    Study name: World Health Survey (Malaysia is a study site)
    Matched MeSH terms: Prevalence
  13. Generic and police-specific occupational risk factors of mental health and well-being among urban and sub-urban Malaysian Traffic Police Officers
    Irniza Rasdi
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2018;14(102):1-8.
    MyJurnal
    Mental health in policing has been widely studied but incidence of mental health illnesses among them keep increasing. This study aimed to analyse generic and specific work stressors among police officers and their differences between urban and sub-urban police population. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in Kuala Lumpur and in nine sub-urban provinces in Pahang and Negeri Sembilan which involved 328 traffic police officers recruited by universal sampling. Data was collected by using self-administered questionnaire consisted of Police Stress Questionnaire (PSQ), the Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ), the Work Family Conflicts (WFC), the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (IUATLD), and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). Results: The response rate was 71.30%. Majority of respondents were male (86.59%) with average age of 38.84 years old. The prevalence of probable mental health illnesses was 29.80% in sub-urban and 44.30% in urban. Job demand, role ambiguity, family to work conflicts and almost all specific works stressors were significantly higher among urban respondents. For urban, results showed that the most significant stressor was perceived air pollution (p
    Matched MeSH terms: Prevalence
  14. Fulltext Psychiatric comorbidity among community-based, treatment seeking opioid dependents in Klang Valley
    Azlin Baharudin, Lotfi Anuar, Suriati Saini, Osman Che Bakar, Rosdinom Razali, Nik Ruzyanei Nik Jaafar
    Sains Malaysiana, 2013;42(3):417-421.
    The main objectives in this study were to determine the percentage of psychiatric comorbidity among treatment seeking opioid dependents in Klang Valley. A cross sectional study of opioid dependence patients was conducted between December 2007 and May 2008 at ten community-based drug substitution therapy clinics in Klang Valley. A total of 204 opioid dependence patients participated in the study using the structured clinical interview for DSM-IV Axis I disorders
    (SCID-I) as its instruments. The percentage of psychiatric comorbidity among opioid dependents was 43.6%. Major depressive disorder had the highest prevalence at 32.6%, followed by dysthymia at 23.6% and Panic disorder at 14.6%. Psychiatric comorbidity were found to have significant differences (p<0.05) in connection with history of polysubstance abuse, previous history of court sentences (legal status) and family history of psychiatric illnesses. This study showed that the percentage of psychiatric comorbidity is high among the opioid dependents. It highlights the urgent need for the psychiatric comorbidity to be assessed and early intervention is important for this group of patients.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prevalence
  15. Fulltext Prevalence and associated factors of sexual dysfunction in Malaysian menopausal women
    Hatta Sidi, Marhani Midin, Malini Mat Napes, Mohd Zulkifli Mohd Kasim, Rahima Dahalan, Shuhaila Ahmad, et al.
    Sains Malaysiana, 2013;42(7):1011-1017.
    The complexity of physical, hormonal and psychocological changes in menopause may affect the sexual function in women. This study measured the prevalence of female sexual dysfunction (FSD) in Malaysian menopausal women. The associated factors were also examined in the study. A cross-sectional study involved 310 menopausal (defined as last menstrual period more than 12 months ago) who visited a menopausal clinic in a secondary referral hospital in the East Peninsular Malaysia. The prevalence and associated factors of female sexual dysfunction in the study subjects were determined. Sexual dysfunction was assessed using the Malay version of the female sexual function index (MVFSFI). Possible associated factors were collected in a pre-designed questionnaire. The prevalence of FSD for the menopausal women was 21.3%. Younger age was the only factor significantly associated with FSD in the study subjects (adjusted odds ratio=0.916, 95% CI=0.851-0.987). The prevalence of FSD was low in the Malaysian menopausal women and associated with younger age.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prevalence
  16. Fulltext Low back pain and associated risk factors among health science undergraduates
    Mohd Nordin NA, Ajit Singh DK, Lim K
    Sains Malaysiana, 2014;43:423-428.
    Identification of associated risk factors is important to enable successful implementation of low back pain prevention strategies. To date, there is limited research data on back pain among young adults in Malaysia despite an increasing incidence of this disabling condition worldwide. A cross-sectional survey was conducted to determine the incidence of low back pain (LBP) and associated factors among health science undergraduates. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to full time students of a main public university. One hundred and forty undergraduates; mean age 21.4±1.3 years, 70% female, 60% in year 3 of study, participated in the survey. The results showed that 31% spent between 6 and 8 h and another 31% spent more than 9 h sitting in a day. Twelve percent of the undergraduates rated their fitness level as ‘poor’. The incidence of LBP was 40.3% among the undergraduates. LBP incidence was associated with age (X2=12.1, p=0.007), years of study (X2=8.7, p=0.03), self-rated physical fitness (X2=7.0, p=0.02) and hours spent sitting (X2 =8.7, p=0.03). Gender, body mass index and hours spent in sports and physical activity were not associated with LBP. The findings from this study demonstrate that physical fitness and sitting duration is associated with low back pain among health science undergraduates. Health science undergraduates should improve their physical fitness, practice frequent breaks and stretching during sitting. This will help to minimize LBP related to decreased fitness levels and prolonged sitting.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prevalence
  17. Fulltext Prevalence and risk factors of Hepatitis B in first-time blood donors at National Blood Centre after implementation of National Vaccination Programme
    Sow, Emmy, Noorsuzana Mohd Shariff, Chong, Soon Eu, Tun Maizura Mohd. Fathullah, Siti Salmah Noordin
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2018;14(201):1-6.
    MyJurnal
    Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is one of the major public health problems in Malaysia. It remains the most common permanent deferral among blood donors. In Malaysia, the national vaccination programme has been introduced since 1989 to prevent HBV transmission. The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of HBV infection among first-time blood donors after the implementation of the national hepatitis B vaccination programme. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study involving tracing of the database of National Blood Centre Malaysia. The record of first-time blood donors who had donated between 1st January 2010 and 31st December 2015 and were screened HBV positive was reviewed and analysed. Results: There were 376,737 first-time donors who had donated blood and 575 of them screened positive for HBV. The overall prevalence of seropositive for hepatitis B was 0.15%. The prevalence was higher at 0.23% among donors born before the year 1989 (pre-vaccination era) compared to 0.05% among donors born in and after the year 1989 (post-vaccination era). Perinatal transmission was found to have 15 times higher odds of developing HBV infection as compared to those who had the combination of risk factors among those born after the year 1989 (adjusted OR=14.95, 95% CI 1.80=124.01). Conclusion: The implementation of the national vaccination programme reduced the prevalence of hepatitis B among donors who received vaccination at birth compared to those who did not.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prevalence
  18. Fulltext NS1 dengue antigen among blood donors in two blood collection centers in north Malaysia
    Mohd Faizal Mohamed Yusuf, Hafizuddin Mohamed Fauzi, Siti Salmah Noordin, Narazah Mohd Yusoff
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2018;14(201):1-6.
    MyJurnal
    Dengue virus is one of the emerging agents that can be transmitted via blood transfusion from infected blood donors to recipients. In Malaysia, the increase in dengue infection may contribute to the existence of asymptomatic blood donors and increase the risk of blood supply contaminated with this virus. The aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence of NS1 dengue antigen among blood donors and to ascertain the demographic data of blood donors in Penang and and Perak. Methods: A total of 374 voluntary blood donors were recruited from two blood donation campaigns organised by Hospital Pulau Pinang, Penang and Hospital Raja Permaisuri Bainun, Ipoh, Perak from April to May 2016. From each centre, 187 voluntary blood donors were enrolled, blood was collected and Dengue NS1 Ag was screened on all the samples using Platelia dengue antigen test kit from Bio-Rad Laboratories, France. Results: All 374 samples were found to be negative for the Dengue NS1 antigen. Demographic data of these blood donors showed that the most common blood group was O Rh positive, men donated more than women and Chinese blood donors were the biggest group of donors. Conclusion: Even though dengue is endemic in Malaysia, none of the blood donors was screened positive for dengue NS1 antigen in the areas studied. This indicates that none of the blood donor at the time of donation was in viraemia stage. The established donor screening program ensures that the dengue transmission through transfusion is minimal in the areas studied.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prevalence
  19. Fulltext Kidd Phenotypes in multiple ethnicities in Hospital Umum Sarawak, Malaysia
    Irni Mohd Yasin, Afifah Hassan, Muhammad Masrin Md. Zahrin, Narazah Mohd Yusoff
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2018;14(201):1-5.
    MyJurnal
    Kidd blood group system is distributed differently within populations. In Malaysia, the prevalence of Kidd phenotypes have been reported but not in Hospital Umum Sarawak (HUS).We characterised Kidd phenotypes among regular blood donors in HUS. Methods: A cross-sectional study was done from 1st September 2015 to 10th September 2015. Blood samples were collected from 250 regular blood donors of different ethnicities in HUS. Samples were then investigated for Kidd blood group phenotypes by utilising Seraclon anti-Jka and anti-Jkb reagents employing the Diamed-ID gel card system. Results: Phenotype Jk(a+b+) was found in 110 out of 250 (44.0%) and phenotype Jk (a-b-) phenotype in seven out of 250 (2.8%) blood donors. Jk(a+b-) was detected in 60 out of 250 (24.0%) and Jk(a-b+) in 73 out of 250 (29.2%) donors. Kidd phenotype was detected in four ethnics; Chinese 50.8%, Malays 38.4%, Bidayuh 10.0% and Iban 0.8%. Jk(a-b-) phenotype was present only in the Malays; seven out of 250 (2.8%) but not found in other ethnicities. Conclusion: Jk(a+b+) is the most common Kidd phenotype found in regular blood donors in HUS in the four ethnicities studied. Only Malays exhibit the Jk(a-b-) phenotype which is a rare phenotype. The results of this study may serve as a preliminary database for Kidd blood group profile of regular blood donors in HUS.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prevalence
  20. Fulltext Serological evidence and experimental infection of cynomolgus macaques with pteropine orthoreovirus reveal monkeys as potential hosts for transmission to humans
    Tan CW, Wittwer K, Lim XF, Uehara A, Mani S, Wang LF, et al.
    Emerg Microbes Infect, 2019;8(1):787-795.
    PMID: 31132935 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2019.1621668
    Pteropine orthoreoviruses (PRV) are emerging bat-borne viruses with proven zoonotic transmission. We recently demonstrated human exposure to PRV in Singapore, which together with previous reports from Malaysia and Vietnam suggest that human infection of PRV may occur periodically in the region. This raises the question whether bats are the only sources of human infection. In this study, we screened 517 cynomolgus macaques caught in Singapore for evidence of exposure to PRV3M (also known as Melaka virus), which was first isolated from human patients in Melaka, Malaysia. We found that 67 serum samples were PRV3M positive by ELISA and 34 were also positive by virus neutralization assay. To investigate whether monkeys could act as hosts for PRV transmission, we experimentally infected cynomolgus macaques with PRV3M and housed these animals with uninfected monkeys. Although no clinical signs of infection were observed in infected animals, viral RNA was detected in nasal and rectal swabs and all infected macaques seroconverted. Additionally, one of the uninfected animals seroconverted, implying active shedding and transmission of PRV3M. We provide evidence that PRV exposure in the macaque population in Singapore occurs at a relatively high prevalence and this study suggests that cynomolgus macaques may be an intermediate or reservoir host for PRVs.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prevalence
Related Terms
Filters
Contact Us

Please provide feedback to Administrator (afdal@afpm.org.my)

External Links