Displaying publications 1141 - 1160 of 1902 in total

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  1. The transcript level of interleukin-6 in the cartilage of idiopathic osteoarthritis of knee
    Moktar NM, Yusof HM, Yahaya NH, Muhamad R, Das S
    Clin Ter, 2010;161(1):25-8.
    PMID: 20393674
    AIMS: The mRNA level for interleukin-6 (IL-6) is an important marker of osteoarthritis (OA). The present study aimed to investigate the level of IL-6 mRNA in the cartilage of OA knee while comparing it to the normal cartilage obtained from the same patient.
    MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 21 patients who underwent total knee replacement were recruited for this study. Sectioning of the destructive cartilage was performed in the medial part of the proximal tibiofemoral cartilage. The unaffected lateral part of the knee in the same patient, served as a control. The mRNA level for IL-6 was assessed using LightCycler 2.0 quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). actin mRNA was used as an endogenous control.
    RESULTS: Twelve out of 21 patients (57.1%) exhibited up regulation of IL-6 mRNA in the OA cartilage as compared to the normal cartilage. The rest of the patients (42.9%) showed down regulation of IL-6 mRNA. The statistical analysis showed there was insignificant level of IL-6 mRNA in the OA (1.91 +/- 0.45) as compared to the normal cartilage (1.13 +/- 0.44) (p > 0.05). The inter-individual variation in the level of IL-6 mRNA in the cartilage of idiopathic knee was in accordance with previous findings.
    CONCLUSIONS: These observations suggest IL-6 could also act as a catabolic agent in some patients or its expression might be influenced by other cytokines.
    Study site: Pusat Perubatan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (PPUKM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
    Matched MeSH terms: RNA, Messenger/metabolism
  2. Fulltext Molybdate reduction by Pseudomonas sp. strain DRY2
    Shukor MY, Ahmad SA, Nadzir MM, Abdullah MP, Shamaan NA, Syed MA
    J Appl Microbiol, 2010 Jun;108(6):2050-8.
    PMID: 19968732 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2009.04604.x
    To isolate and characterize a potent molybdenum-reducing bacterium.
    Matched MeSH terms: RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics
  3. Fulltext Transcriptome analysis of the Cryptocaryon irritans tomont stage identifies potential genes for the detection and control of cryptocaryonosis
    Lokanathan Y, Mohd-Adnan A, Wan KL, Nathan S
    BMC Genomics, 2010;11:76.
    PMID: 20113487 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-11-76
    Cryptocaryon irritans is a parasitic ciliate that causes cryptocaryonosis (white spot disease) in marine fish. Diagnosis of cryptocaryonosis often depends on the appearance of white spots on the surface of the fish, which are usually visible only during later stages of the disease. Identifying suitable biomarkers of this parasite would aid the development of diagnostic tools and control strategies for C. irritans. The C. irritans genome is virtually unexplored; therefore, we generated and analyzed expressed sequence tags (ESTs) of the parasite to identify genes that encode for surface proteins, excretory/secretory proteins and repeat-containing proteins.
    Matched MeSH terms: RNA, Protozoan/genetics
  4. Characterization of a diesel-degrading strain isolated from a hydrocarbon-contaminated site
    Shukor MY, Dahalan FA, Jusoh AZ, Muse R, Shamaan NA, Syed MA
    J Environ Biol, 2009 Jan;30(1):145-50.
    PMID: 20112877
    A diesel-degrading bacterium has been isolated from a diesel-polluted site. The isolate was tentatively identified as Staphylococcus aureus strain DRY11 based on partial 16S rDNA molecular phylogeny and Biolog GP microplate panels and Microlog database. Isolate 11 showed an almost linear increase in cellular growth with respect to diesel concentrations with optimum growth occurring at 4% (v/v) diesel concentration. Optimization studies using different nitrogen sources showed that the best nitrogen source was potassium nitrite. Sodium nitrite was optimum at 1.2 g l(-1) and higher concentrations were strongly inhibitory to cellular growth. The optimal pH that supported growth of the bacterium was between 7.5 to 8.0 and the isolate exhibited optimal broad temperature supporting growth on diesel from 27 to 37 degrees C. An almost complete removal of diesel components was seen from the reduction in hydrocarbon peaks observed using Solid Phase Microextraction Gas Chromatography analysis after 5 days of incubation. The characteristics of this bacterium suggest that it is suitable for bioremediation of diesel spills and pollutions in the tropics.
    Matched MeSH terms: RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/chemistry
  5. Fulltext Pbx1 is essential for growth of zebrafish swim bladder
    Teoh PH, Shu-Chien AC, Chan WK
    Dev. Dyn., 2010 Mar;239(3):865-74.
    PMID: 20108353 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.22221
    pbx1, a TALE (three-amino acid loop extension) homeodomain transcription factor, is involved in a diverse range of developmental processes. We examined the expression of pbx1 during zebrafish development by in situ hybridization. pbx1 transcripts could be detected in the central nervous system and pharyngeal arches from 24 hpf onwards. In the swim bladder anlage, pbx1 was detected as early as 28 hpf, making it the earliest known marker for this organ. Morpholino-mediated gene knockdown of pbx1 revealed that the swim bladder failed to inflate, with eventual lethality occurring by 8 dpf. The knockdown of pbx1 did not perturb the expression of prdc and foxA3, with both early swim bladder markers appearing normally at 36 and 48 hpf, respectively. However, the expression of anxa5 was completely abolished by pbx1 knockdown at 60 hpf suggesting that pbx1 may be required during the late stage of swim bladder development.
    Matched MeSH terms: RNA, Messenger/metabolism
  6. Leptospira kmetyi sp. nov., isolated from an environmental source in Malaysia
    Slack AT, Khairani-Bejo S, Symonds ML, Dohnt MF, Galloway RL, Steigerwalt AG, et al.
    Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, 2009 Apr;59(Pt 4):705-8.
    PMID: 19329592 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.002766-0
    A single Leptospira strain (designated Bejo-Iso9(T)) was isolated from a soil sample taken in Johor, Malaysia. The isolate showed motility and morphology typical of the genus Leptospira under dark-field microscopy. Cells were found to be 10-13 microm in length and 0.2 microm in diameter, with a wavelength of 0.5 microm and an amplitude of approximately 0.2 microm. Phenotypically, strain Bejo-Iso9(T) grew in Ellinghausen-McCullough-Johnson-Harris medium at 13, 30 and 37 degrees C, and also in the presence of 8-azaguanine. Serologically, strain Bejo-Iso9(T) produced titres towards several members of the Tarassovi serogroup, but was found to be serologically unique by cross-agglutinin absorption test and thus represented a novel serovar. The proposed name for this serovar is Malaysia. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences placed this novel strain within the radiation of the genus Leptospira, with sequence similarities within the range 90.4-99.5% with respect to recognized Leptospira species. DNA-DNA hybridization against the three most closely related Leptospira species was used to confirm the results of the 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The G+C content of the genome of strain Bejo-Iso9(T) was 36.2 mol%. On the basis of phenotypic, serological and phylogenetic data, strain Bejo-Iso9(T) represents a novel species of the genus Leptospira, for which the name Leptospira kmetyi sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Bejo-Iso9(T) (=WHO LT1101(T)=KIT Bejo-Iso9(T)).
    Matched MeSH terms: RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics
  7. Molecular identification of Candida orthopsilosis isolated from blood culture
    Yong PV, Chong PP, Lau LY, Yeoh RS, Jamal F
    Mycopathologia, 2008 Feb;165(2):81-7.
    PMID: 18266075 DOI: 10.1007/s11046-007-9086-8
    The incidence of candidemia and invasive candidiasis have increased markedly due to the increasing number of immunocompromised patients. There are five major medically important species of Candida with their frequency of isolation in the diminishing order namely Candida albicans, Candida parapsilosis, Candida tropicalis, Candida glabrata and Candida krusei. In addition, there are numerous other species of Candida which differ in their genetic makeup, virulence properties, drug susceptibilities and sugar assimilation capabilities. In this report, an unusual Candida species was isolated from the blood of two leukaemic patients. Conventional culture and biochemical tests identified the Candida species as C. parapsilosis. Using fungal-specific oligonucleotide primers ITS1 and ITS4, we managed to amplify the ribosomal RNA gene and its internal transcribed spacer region from the genomic DNA of these isolates. The PCR products were then purified and subjected to automated DNA sequencing using BLAST and CLUSTAL sequence analysis identified these isolates to be Candida orthopsilosis. Candida orthopsilosis is a new species recently identified in 2005, being morphologically indistinguishable from C. parapsilosis and was previously classified as a subspecies of C. parapsilosis. This report highlights the importance of complementing traditional culture and biochemical-based identification methods with DNA-based molecular assays such as PCR as the latter is more superior in terms of its discriminatory power and speed.
    Matched MeSH terms: RNA, Ribosomal/genetics
  8. Genetic variability of genome segments 3 and 9 of Fiji disease virus field isolates
    Jiang J, Ridley AW, Tang H, Croft BJ, Johnson KN
    Arch Virol, 2008;153(5):839-48.
    PMID: 18299794 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-008-0058-1
    Fiji leaf gall is an important disease of sugarcane in Australia and other Asia-Pacific countries. The causative agent is the reovirus Fiji disease virus (FDV). Previous reports indicate that there is variation in pathology between virus isolates. To investigate the amount of genetic variation found in FDV, 25 field isolates from Australia, Papua New Guinea and Malaysia were analysed by partial sequencing of genome segments S3 and S9. There was up to 15% divergence in the nucleotide sequence among the 25 isolates. A similar amount of divergence and pattern of relationships was found for each of the two genomic segments for most of the field isolates, although reassortment of genome segments seems likely for at least one of the Papua New Guinean isolates. The finding of a high level of variation in FDV isolated in different regions has implications for quarantine and disease management.
    Matched MeSH terms: RNA, Viral/genetics
  9. Sequence analysis and characterization of vacuolar-type H+ -ATPase proteolipid transcript from Acanthus ebracteatus Vah1
    Ho CL, Nguyen PD, Harikrishna JA, Rahim RA
    DNA Seq., 2008 Feb;19(1):73-7.
    PMID: 17852357
    The vacuolar-type H+ -ATPase (V-ATPase) is a multimeric enzyme with diverse functions in plants such as nutrient transport, flowering, stress tolerance, guard cell movement and development. A partial sequence of V-ATPase proteolipid was identified among the expressed sequence tags (ESTs) generated from Acanthus ebracteatus, and selected for full-length sequencing. The 876-nucleotide cDNA consists of an open reading frame of 165 amino acids. The deduced amino acid sequence displays high similarity (81%) with its homologs from Arabidopsis thaliana, Avecinnia marina and Gossypium hirsutum with the four transmembrane domains characteristics of the 16 kDa proteolipid subunit c of V-ATPase well conserved in this protein. Southern analysis revealed the existence of several members of proteolipid subunit c of V-ATPase in A. ebracteatus. The mRNA of this gene was detected in leaf, floral, stem and root tissues, however, the expression level was lower in stem and root tissues.
    Matched MeSH terms: RNA, Messenger/genetics*
  10. Analysis of secondary structure predictions of dengue virus type 2 NS2B/NS3 against crystal structure to evaluate the predictive power of the in silico methods
    Othman R, Wahab HA, Yusof R, Rahman NA
    In Silico Biol. (Gedrukt), 2007;7(2):215-24.
    PMID: 17688447
    Multiple sequence alignment was performed against eight proteases from the Flaviviridae family using ClustalW to illustrate conserved domains. Two sets of prediction approaches were applied and the results compared. Firstly, secondary structure prediction was performed using available structure prediction servers. The second approach made use of the information on the secondary structures extracted from structure prediction servers, threading techniques and DSSP database of some of the templates used in the threading techniques. Consensus on the one-dimensional secondary structure of Den2 protease was obtained from each approach and evaluated against data from the recently crystallised Den2 NS2B/NS3 obtained from the Protein Data Bank (PDB). Results indicated the second approach to show higher accuracy compared to the use of prediction servers only. Thus, it is plausible that this approach is applicable to the initial stage of structural studies of proteins with low amino acid sequence homology against other available proteins in the PDB.
    Matched MeSH terms: RNA Helicases/chemistry
  11. Molecular genetic analysis of BAX and cyclin D1 genes in patients with malignant glioma
    Abdullah JM, Ahmad F, Ahmad KA, Ghazali MM, Jaafar H, Ideris A, et al.
    Neurol Res, 2007 Apr;29(3):239-42.
    PMID: 17509221
    Brain tumorigenesis is a complex process involving multiple genetic alterations. Cyclin D1 and BAX genes are two of the most important regulators in controlling the normal proliferation and apoptosis of cells, respectively. In this study, we analysed the possibilities of involvement of cyclin D1 and BAX genes in the gliomagenesis.
    Matched MeSH terms: RNA, Messenger/metabolism
  12. Gene expression analysis of osteoblasts seeded in coral scaffold
    Foo LH, Suzina AH, Azlina A, Kannan TP
    J Biomed Mater Res A, 2008 Oct;87(1):215-21.
    PMID: 18085658
    Coral matrix of Porites sp. has the suitable properties for bone cell growth. This study was aimed to study the gene expression levels of osteoblast specific genetic markers; RUNX2, osteopontin, alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin from osteoblasts seeded in coral scaffold, which are important in determining the feasibility of osteoblasts. Human osteoblasts were inoculated onto the processed coral in Dulbecco's Minimum Essential Medium. The cells were trypsinized on day 1, 7, 14, 18, and 21 and added with RNALater for preservation of RNA in cells. The RNA was extracted using commercial RNA extraction kit and the respective genes were amplified using RT-PCR kit and analyzed qualitatively on 1.5% agarose gel. The expressions were evaluated with the Integrated Density Value based on the intensity of band for different periods of cell harvest. Increased expressions of the RUNX2, osteopontin, alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin genes in the present study proved that coral is a favorable carrier for osteogenetically competent cells to attach and remain viable.
    Matched MeSH terms: RNA/genetics
  13. Detection of giardine gene in local isolates of Giardia duodenalis by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
    Latifah I, Teoh KY, Wan KL, Rahmah M, Normaznah Y, Rohani A
    Malays J Pathol, 2005 Dec;27(2):83-9.
    PMID: 17191390
    Giardia duodenalis is an intestinal parasite that causes diarrhoea and malabsorption in children. The parasite also infects AIDS patients with a weak immune system. A study was carried out on six local isolates of Giardia duodenalis (110, 7304, 6304, M007, 2002 and 6307) from faeces of Orang Asli patients admitted to the Gombak Hospital. WB, a reference pathogenic strain from human and G. muris from a wild mouse, were commercially obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC). All the isolates were cultured axenically in TYI-S-33 medium. Two sets of primers were used for the techniques: primers LP1 and RP1 and primers LP2 and RP2. The sets of primers amplified giardine gene of 171 bp and 218 bp in sizes respectively. The study showed that the two sets of primers could detect G. duodenalis to the genus and species level specifically.
    Matched MeSH terms: RNA, Messenger/analysis
  14. Comparison of Sybr Green I, ELISA and conventional agarose gel-based PCR in the detection of infectious bursal disease virus
    Hairul Aini H, Omar AR, Hair-Bejo M, Aini I
    Microbiol Res, 2008;163(5):556-63.
    PMID: 16971101
    The current available molecular method to detect infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) is by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). However, the conventional PCR is time consuming, prone to error and less sensitive. In this study, the performances of Sybr Green I real-time PCR, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and conventional agarose detection methods in detecting specific IBDV PCR products were compared. We found the real-time PCR was at least 10 times more sensitive than ELISA detection method with a detection limit of 0.25pg. The latter was also at least 10 times more sensitive than agarose gel electrophoresis detection method. The developed assay detects both very virulent and vaccine strains of IBDV but not other RNA viruses such as Newcastle disease virus and infectious bronchitis virus. Hence, Sybr Green I-based real-time PCR is a highly sensitive assay for the detection of IBDV.
    Matched MeSH terms: RNA, Viral/analysis
  15. Fulltext Characterization of microRNAs expressed during secondary wall biosynthesis in Acacia mangium
    Ong SS, Wickneswari R
    PLoS One, 2012;7(11):e49662.
    PMID: 23251324 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0049662
    MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play critical regulatory roles by acting as sequence specific guide during secondary wall formation in woody and non-woody species. Although thousands of plant miRNAs have been sequenced, there is no comprehensive view of miRNA mediated gene regulatory network to provide profound biological insights into the regulation of xylem development. Herein, we report the involvement of six highly conserved amg-miRNA families (amg-miR166, amg-miR172, amg-miR168, amg-miR159, amg-miR394, and amg-miR156) as the potential regulatory sequences of secondary cell wall biosynthesis. Within this highly conserved amg-miRNA family, only amg-miR166 exhibited strong differences in expression between phloem and xylem tissue. The functional characterization of amg-miR166 targets in various tissues revealed three groups of HD-ZIP III: ATHB8, ATHB15, and REVOLUTA which play pivotal roles in xylem development. Although these three groups vary in their functions, -psRNA target analysis indicated that miRNA target sequences of the nine different members of HD-ZIP III are always conserved. We found that precursor structures of amg-miR166 undergo exhaustive sequence variation even within members of the same family. Gene expression analysis showed three key lignin pathway genes: C4H, CAD, and CCoAOMT were upregulated in compression wood where a cascade of miRNAs was downregulated. This study offers a comprehensive analysis on the involvement of highly conserved miRNAs implicated in the secondary wall formation of woody plants.
    Matched MeSH terms: RNA Precursors/genetics
  16. Emergence of HIV-1 CRF01_AE/B unique recombinant forms in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
    Tee KK, Pon CK, Kamarulzaman A, Ng KP
    AIDS, 2005 Jan 28;19(2):119-26.
    PMID: 15668536
    OBJECTIVES: To investigate the molecular epidemiology of HIV-1 and to screen for the emergence of intersubtype recombinants in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

    DESIGN: A molecular epidemiology study was conducted among HIV-1 seropositive patients attending the University Malaya Medical Center (UMMC) from July 2003 to June 2004.

    METHODS: Protease (PR) and reverse transcriptase (RT) gene sequences were derived from drug resistance genotyping assay of 100 newly diagnosed or antiretroviral-naive patients. These were phylogenetically analysed to determine the subtypes and recombination breakpoint analyses were performed on intersubtype recombinants to estimate the recombination breakpoint(s).

    RESULTS: CRF01_AE predominated in Kuala Lumpur with 65% in both PR and RT genes. B subtype was detected at 14% and 12% in PR and RT genes, respectively. C subtype was present at 1% in both genes. Overall, the concordance of PR and RT genes in discriminating subtypes/circulating recombinant forms (CRF) was high at 96%. In this study, novel CRF01_AE/B intersubtype recombinants were detected at high prevalence (22%), including those isolates with subtype discordance. Thai variants of CRF01_AE and B subtype were involved in the genesis of these unique recombinant forms (URF). Interestingly, 19 CRF01_AE/B intersubtype recombinant isolates shared similar recombination breakpoints in both PR and RT genes. Several distinct URF were also identified.

    CONCLUSION: PR and RT genes can be utilized for subtype/CRF assessment with high degree of agreement, allowing concurrent surveillance of circulating HIV-1 subtypes with antiretroviral drug resistance genotyping tests. The emergence of highly identical CRF01_AE/B intersubtype recombinants suggests the possibility of the appearance of a new circulating recombinant form in Kuala Lumpur.

    Matched MeSH terms: RNA, Viral/genetics
  17. Methanolic extract of Pereskia bleo (Kunth) DC. (Cactaceae) induces apoptosis in breast carcinoma, T47-D cell line
    Tan ML, Sulaiman SF, Najimuddin N, Samian MR, Muhammad TS
    J Ethnopharmacol, 2005 Jan 4;96(1-2):287-94.
    PMID: 15588681
    Currently, breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death in women. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop alternative therapeutic measures against this deadly disease. Here, we report the cytotoxicity activity and the mechanism of cell death exhibited by the methanol extract prepared from Pereskia bleo (Kunth) DC. (Cactaceae) plant against human breast carcinoma cell line, T-47D. In vitro cytotoxicity screening of methanol extract of Pereskia bleo plant indicated the presence of cytotoxicity activity of the extract against T-47D cells with EC50 of 2.0 microg/ml. T-47D cell death elicited by the extract was found to be apoptotic in nature based a clear indication of DNA fragmentation which is a hallmark of apoptosis. In addition, ultrastructural analysis also revealed apoptotic characteristics (the presence of chromatin margination and apoptotic bodies) in the extract-treated cells. RT-PCR analysis showed the mRNA expression levels of c-myc, and caspase 3 were markedly increased in the cells treated with the plant extract. However, p53 expression was only slightly increased as compared to caspase 3 and c-myc. Thus, the results from this study strongly suggest that the methanol extract of Pereskia bleo may contain bioactive compound(s) that caused breast carcinoma, T-47D cell death by apoptosis mechanism via the activation of caspase-3 and c-myc pathways.
    Matched MeSH terms: RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis
  18. Characterization of Malaysian velogenic NDV strain AF2240-I genomic sequence: a comparative study
    Murulitharan K, Yusoff K, Omar AR, Molouki A
    Virus Genes, 2013 Jun;46(3):431-40.
    PMID: 23306943 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-012-0874-y
    Newcastle disease virus (NDV) strain AF2240 is a viscerotropic velogenic strain that is used as a vaccine challenge virus in Malaysia. The identification of the full length genome will be a crucial platform for further studies of this isolate. In this study, we fully sequenced the genome of a derivative of this strain named AF2240-I. The 15,192 nt long genome contains a 55-nt leader sequence at the 3' whereas the trailer region consists of 114 nt at the 5'. The intergenic sequences between the NP-P, P-M, M-F, F-HN, and HN-L genes comprise 1, 1, 1, 31, and 47 nt, respectively. The acknowledged cleavage site of fusion protein showed amino acid sequence of 112-R-R-Q-K-R-F-117, which corresponds to those of virulent NDV strains. Phylogenetic analysis of the whole virus genome shows that the strain AF2240-I belongs to genotype VIII and is more closely related to velogenic strains QH1, QH4, Fontana, Largo, and Italienas compared to other strains of NDV. Differences are noticed in the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) and matrix (M) gene between AF2240 and its derivative AF2240-I. This is the first report of a complete genome sequence of an NDV strain isolated in Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: RNA, Viral/genetics*
  19. Molecular identification of Anopheles (Cellia) sundaicus from the Andaman and Nicobar islands of India
    Alam MT, Das MK, Ansari MA, Sharma YD
    Acta Trop, 2006 Jan;97(1):10-8.
    PMID: 16125659
    Anopheles (Cellia) sundaicus (Rodenwaldt) is an important malaria vector in the Andaman and Nicobar islands of India where it breeds in freshwater as well as in brackish water. To establish the molecular identity of An. sundaicus on these islands we analyzed samples from four geographically isolated areas-Teressa, Nancowry, Car Nicobar and Katchal islands. PCR-amplification and nucleotide sequence analysis were performed for internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) and domain-3 (D3) of 28S rRNA. The ITS2 region of An. sundaicus from all four islands was identical but different from An. sundaicus A of Vietnam and An. sundaicus s.s of Malaysia. Furthermore, freshwater and brackish water forms of An. sundaicus did not reveal any sequence variation. Similarly, the D3 sequences were identical among all An. sundaicus samples from the four islands. D3 sequences for a species of the Sundaicus Complex are reported here for the first time and thus could not be compared with other regional isolates of this species. In conclusion, probably only one member of the Sundaicus Complex exists on the Andaman and Nicobar islands, which breeds in freshwater as well as in brackish water and is different from the An. sundaicus A and Malaysian An. sundaicus s.s. The identification of a new sibling species of the Sundaicus Complex in these islands is significant from the viewpoint of vector control strategies.
    Matched MeSH terms: RNA, Ribosomal, 28S/genetics
  20. Fulltext Congestive Heart Failure Leads to Prolongation of the PR Interval and Atrioventricular Junction Enlargement and Ion Channel Remodelling in the Rabbit
    Nikolaidou T, Cai XJ, Stephenson RS, Yanni J, Lowe T, Atkinson AJ, et al.
    PLoS One, 2015;10(10):e0141452.
    PMID: 26509807 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141452
    Heart failure is a major killer worldwide. Atrioventricular conduction block is common in heart failure; it is associated with worse outcomes and can lead to syncope and bradycardic death. We examine the effect of heart failure on anatomical and ion channel remodelling in the rabbit atrioventricular junction (AVJ). Heart failure was induced in New Zealand rabbits by disruption of the aortic valve and banding of the abdominal aorta resulting in volume and pressure overload. Laser micro-dissection and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were employed to investigate the effects of heart failure on ion channel remodelling in four regions of the rabbit AVJ and in septal tissues. Investigation of the AVJ anatomy was performed using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). Heart failure animals developed first degree heart block. Heart failure caused ventricular myocardial volume increase with a 35% elongation of the AVJ. There was downregulation of HCN1 and Cx43 mRNA transcripts across all regions and downregulation of Cav1.3 in the transitional tissue. Cx40 mRNA was significantly downregulated in the atrial septum and AVJ tissues but not in the ventricular septum. mRNA abundance for ANP, CLCN2 and Navβ1 was increased with heart failure; Nav1.1 was increased in the inferior nodal extension/compact node area. Heart failure in the rabbit leads to prolongation of the PR interval and this is accompanied by downregulation of HCN1, Cav1.3, Cx40 and Cx43 mRNAs and anatomical enlargement of the entire heart and AVJ.
    Matched MeSH terms: RNA, Messenger/genetics
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