Displaying publications 101 - 120 of 266 in total

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  1. Fulltext A randomised controlled trial of a blended learning education intervention for teaching evidence-based medicine
    Ilic D, Nordin RB, Glasziou P, Tilson JK, Villanueva E
    BMC Med Educ, 2015;15:39.
    PMID: 25884717 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-015-0321-6
    BACKGROUND: Few studies have been performed to inform how best to teach evidence-based medicine (EBM) to medical trainees. Current evidence can only conclude that any form of teaching increases EBM competency, but cannot distinguish which form of teaching is most effective at increasing student competency in EBM. This study compared the effectiveness of a blended learning (BL) versus didactic learning (DL) approach of teaching EBM to medical students with respect to competency, self-efficacy, attitudes and behaviour toward EBM.
    METHODS: A mixed methods study consisting of a randomised controlled trial (RCT) and qualitative case study was performed with medical students undertaking their first clinical year of training in EBM. Students were randomly assigned to receive EBM teaching via either a BL approach or the incumbent DL approach. Competency in EBM was assessed using the Berlin questionnaire and the 'Assessing Competency in EBM' (ACE) tool. Students' self-efficacy, attitudes and behaviour was also assessed. A series of focus groups was also performed to contextualise the quantitative results.
    RESULTS: A total of 147 students completed the RCT, and a further 29 students participated in six focus group discussions. Students who received the BL approach to teaching EBM had significantly higher scores in 5 out of 6 behaviour domains, 3 out of 4 attitude domains and 10 out of 14 self-efficacy domains. Competency in EBM did not differ significantly between students receiving the BL approach versus those receiving the DL approach [Mean Difference (MD)=-0.68, (95% CI-1.71, 0.34), p=0.19]. No significant difference was observed between sites (p=0.89) or by student type (p=0.58). Focus group discussions suggested a strong student preference for teaching using a BL approach, which integrates lectures, online learning and small group activities.
    CONCLUSIONS: BL is no more effective than DL at increasing medical students' knowledge and skills in EBM, but was significantly more effective at increasing student attitudes toward EBM and self-reported use of EBM in clinical practice. Given the various learning styles preferred by students, a multifaceted approach (incorporating BL) may be best suited when teaching EBM to medical students. Further research on the cost-effectiveness of EBM teaching modalities is required.
  2. The effectiveness of workplace health promotion program in reducing work-related depression, anxiety and stress among manufacturing workers in Malaysia: mixed-model intervention
    Mohamed AF, Isahak M, Awg Isa MZ, Nordin R
    Int Arch Occup Environ Health, 2022 Jul;95(5):1113-1127.
    PMID: 35091853 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-022-01836-w
    INTRODUCTION: The implications of work-related stress among manufacturing workers were often unrecognised. The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of the workplace health promotion (WHP) program in reducing depression, anxiety, and stress levels, as well as improving the overall quality of life among Malaysian manufacturing workers.

    METHODS: The study used a randomised controlled trial (RCT) design and included 88 employees from a food and beverage manufacturing factory in Klang Valley, Malaysia. The intervention group received a comprehensive WHP program based on organisational and individual stress management programs that included (i) healthy mental health module, (ii) anxiety management technique, (iii) mindfulness for stress and (iv) stress at work. The module was delivered through the Occupational Stress Management Course and Employee Assistance Program. The control group received no further intervention other than a general brochure on stress. The study period consisted of an intervention period of 3 months followed by a post-intervention period of 3 months. Measurements were recorded at baseline and at 3 month post-intervention. Outcome measures included the self-perceived depression, anxiety, and stress (DASS-21), participant's quality of life (WHOQOL), coping skills (COPE-28) and job characteristics (JCQ).

    RESULTS: The intervention group demonstrated a significant reduction in self-perceived stress, anxiety, and depression scores three months post intervention (p ≤ 0.001). All domains of health-related quality of life and coping skills related to social support and problem-solving were significantly improved in the intervention group following the intervention (p 

  3. Fulltext The relationship between non-financial compensation factors with employees retention in a selected hotel industry
    Nur Fadzillah Haimi, Rusli Ahmad, Nur Fatihah Abdullah Bandar, Siti Mariam Abdullah, Helmi Sumilan, Ahmad Sofian Shminan
    Journal of Cognitive Sciences & Human Development, 2016;2(1):49-60.
    MyJurnal
    This study aims to determine the relationship between non-financial compensation factors and employees retention in a selected hotel industry. A survey methodology was used in this study. A total of 120 questionnaires were administered to employees who are currently working in the hotel industry. Using the Pearson’s Correlation analysis test, this study analysed the relationship between employees retention and financial compensation factors which include opportunities for training and promotion, job challenges, recognition and the working environment. Multiple Linear Regression was used to determine the dominant factor that contributes to retention of employees. The results revealed that there was a significant relationship between the factors and employees retention. The results indicated that the working environment is the most dominant factor that contributes to employees retention.
  4. Peak friction angle estimation from joint roughness coefficient of discontinuities of limestone in Peninsular Malaysia
    Ailie Sofyiana Serasa, Goh TL, Azimah Hussin, Abdul Ghani Rafek, Lee KE, Tuan Rusli Mohamed
    Sains Malaysiana, 2017;46:181-188.
    The peak friction angle (φpeak) roughness of discontinuity surfaces is a value that is fundamental to the understanding of shear strength of geological discontinuities, considering its importance in determining the mechanical properties of the discontinuity surface. It is however, both time and cost demanding to determine the peak friction angle as it requires an extensive series of laboratory tests. This paper presents an approach in the form of an experimentally determined polynomial equation to estimate peak friction angle of limestone discontinuity surfaces by measuring the Joint Roughness Coefficient (JRC) values in a field survey study, and applying the fore mentioned empirical correlation. A total of 1967 tilt tests and JRC measurements were conducted in the laboratory to determine the peak friction angles of rough limestone discontinuity surfaces. The experimental results were analyzed and correlated to establish a polynomial equation of φpeak = -0.0635JRC2 + 3.95JRC + 25.2 with coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.99. The laboratory results were also compared with theoretical results calculated from Barton's linear equation. The results shown that estimation of peak friction angles were more accurate using the newly proposed polynomial equation since the percentage differences between measured and calculated peak friction angles is less than 6% compared to estimation from Barton's linear equation where the percentage of differences is less than 11%. The proposed correlation offers a practical method for estimation of peak friction angles of discontinuity surfaces of limestone from measurement of JRC in the field.
  5. Aryl diazonium modification for improved graphite fiber brush in microbial fuel cell
    Siti Farah Nadiah Rusli, Mimi Hani Abu Bakar, Loh Kee Shyuan, Mohd Shahbudin Mastar, Seratul Jemiah Abdul Rani, Mohd Shahbudin Mastar
    Sains Malaysiana, 2018;47:3017-3023.
    Aryl diazonium salts are coupling agents that assist in molecules attachment to interfaces for sensing purposes. Despite
    not being fully explored and not yet widely applicable for cell-based sensors, the high stability of aryl diazonium salt
    formed sensing system is highly favorable in biological applications. Carbon-based electrodes are the most commonly
    used in aryl diazonium modification due to its post grafting stable C-C bond formation. Here, salt bridge based microbial
    fuel cells (MFCs) were used to study on the effect of aryl diazonium modification on the anode graphite fibre brush. Aryl
    diazonium salts were in situ generated by the diazonation of p-phenylenediamine with NaNO2 in HCl solution. The
    electrochemical performance of the aryl diazonium modified graphite brush MFC was measured and compared with the
    unmodified graphite brush MFC. The power output of the modified graphite brush bioanode was higher (8.33 W/m3
    )
    than the unmodified graphite brush (7.60 W/m3
    ) after 20 days of operation with ferricyanide as the catholyte. After 70
    days of operation using phosphate buffer solution as the catholyte, the Pmax of modified brush was three times higher
    (0.06 W/m3
    ) than of the unmodified brush (0.02 W/m3
    ), which indicates an enhanced binding towards the substrate that
    facilitates a better electron transfer between the microbial and electrode surface.
  6. Heat stress monitoring in the paintshop and bodyshop at an automotive assembly plant
    Azwan A., Rusli N., Nik Khairol Reza M.Y., Ahmad Syaarani Y., Edimansyah A., Mazalisah M., et al.
    Journal of Occupational Safety and Health, 2007;4(1):11-17.
    MyJurnal
    Heat stress is considered to be the sum of heat generated in the body (metabolic heat) plus the heat gained from the environment (environmental heat) minus the heat lost from the body to the environment. The consequences of heat stress can caused heat disorder such as heat stroke, heat syncope, heat exhaustion, heat cramps and other heat related diseases. The objective of this study was to compare the pattern of heat stress in each section. A crosssectional study was carried out in two sections (Paintshop A and Bodyshop B) in a selected automotive assembly plant in Selangor to monitor the environmental heat stress. The environmental heat monitoring was done on 89 March 2005. Heat stress monitor (Model: QUESTemp o 34 Thermal Environment Monitor, Quest Technologies, USA) was used to record the pattern of heat exposure in the workplace over a period of eight hours. Heat parameters such as dry temperature, wet temperature, globe temperature and relative humidity were measured. Wet Bulb Globe Temperature index (WBGT) and workload evaluation were used to compare both sections. Heat parameters such as timeweighted average wet bulb globe temperature for indoor setting (TWAWBGT indoor ), dry temperature (DB), natural wet bulb temperature (WB), globe temperature (GB) in Paintshop A were higher than those in Bodyshop B. The relative humidity in Paintshop A was hotdry compared to Bodyshop B which is hotwarm. Paintshop A was considered a hot area compared to Bodyshop B which is normal. Workers in both sections were not faced with heat stress problems because they were worked under acceptable condition according to American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists standard. Both sections in the automotive assembly plant exhibited acceptable working condition for workers in a tropical environment.
  7. Fulltext Prevalence and risk factors of stress, anxiety and depression among medical students of a private medical university in Malaysia
    Maher D Fuad, Balsam Mahdi Nasir Al-Zurfi, Mohammed Abdul Qader, Mohammed Faez Abu Bakar, Elnajeh, Maged, Mohd Rusli Abdullah
    Education in Medicine Journal, 2015;7(2):52-59.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Medical school expected to be a time of personal development, achievement, and well-being. However, research shows that there are many negative effects on students’ mental health due to the current educational process. Objective: This research aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors of depression, anxiety, and stress among medical students of a private medical university in Malaysia. Method: Cross sectional study was conducted using self-administered questionnaires including socio-demographic factors, DASS-21 and MSSQ-40 questionnaires. Result: Prevalence of stress, anxiety, and depression were 46.9%, 76.2% and 60.2% respectively. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that academic related stressors were only associated with stress [adjusted OR 1.78, 95% CI (1.23, 2.58), p=0.002]. Group activities related stressors were significantly associated with stress [adjusted OR=1.45, 95%CI (1.20, 1.75), p
  8. Fulltext Optimum Plant Design for Relief Safety System
    Aini Aliah Yusoff, Zulfan Adi Putra, Risza Rusli, M Roil Bilad, Nik Abdul Hadi Md Nordin, M Dzul Hakim Wirzal
    Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 2020;28(101):0-0.
    MyJurnal
    Pressure relief system is a system to prevent overpressure inside protected equipment that exceeds its maximum allowable working pressure (MAWP) to disposal treatment. Relief system is designed on two different plant case studies, which are dimethyl-ether and ethylbenzene plants by using conventional design procedure. Nevertheless, the conventional design steps are not considering cost optimization of plant installed with relief system. Thus, the design pressure of protected equipment, piping diameter, and disposal treatment is set to be manipulated variables to determine the cost minimization. Pressure drops of inlet piping and backpressure are as constraint variables due to standard requirements. The standards state that inlet piping pressure drops should be below 3% of set pressure and outlet piping pressure drop to set pressure percentage based on range to determined types of the relief valve to be used. From that, optimum plant design with consideration of pressure relief system’s installation can be achieved by calculating the total cost of plant designed with relief system when set pressures are changed. As a result, dimethyl-ether plant shows a minimum point of the total cost at 170% of set pressure increment, which is lower than its original design. On the other hand, ethylbenzene plant gives optimum point at original design as the total cost is higher at set pressure increment.
  9. Fulltext Leg Length Discrepancy: Dynamic Balance Response during Gait
    Azizan NA, Basaruddin KS, Salleh AF, Sulaiman AR, Safar MJA, Rusli WMR
    J Healthc Eng, 2018;2018:7815451.
    PMID: 29983905 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7815451
    Balance in the human body's movement is generally associated with different synergistic pathologies. The trunk is supported by one's leg most of the time when walking. A person with poor balance may face limitation when performing their physical activities on a daily basis, and they may be more prone to having risk of fall. The ground reaction forces (GRFs), centre of pressure (COP), and centre of mass (COM) in quite standing posture were often measured for the evaluation of balance. Currently, there is still no experimental evidence or study on leg length discrepancy (LLD) during walking. Analysis of the stability parameters is more representative of the functional activity undergone by the person who has a LLD. Therefore, this study hopes to shed new light on the effects of LLD on the dynamic stability associated with VGRF, COP, and COM during walking. Eighteen healthy subjects were selected among the university population with normal BMIs. Each subject was asked to walk with 1.0 to 2.0 ms-1 of walking speed for three to five trials each. Insoles of 0.5 cm thickness were added, and the thickness of the insoles was subsequently raised until 4 cm and placed under the right foot as we simulated LLD. The captured data obtained from a force plate and motion analysis present Peak VGRF (single-leg stance) and WD (double-leg stance) that showed more forces exerted on the short leg rather than long leg. Obviously, changes occurred on the displacement of COM trajectories in the ML and vertical directions as LLD increased at the whole gait cycle. Displacement of COP trajectories demonstrated that more distribution was on the short leg rather than on the long leg. The root mean square (RMS) of COP-COM distance showed, obviously, changes only in ML direction with the value at 3 cm and 3.5 cm. The cutoff value via receiver operating characteristic (ROC) indicates the significant differences starting at the level 2.5 cm up to 4 cm in long and short legs for both AP and ML directions. The present study performed included all the proposed parameters on the effect of dynamic stability on LLD during walking and thus helps to determine and evaluate the balance pattern.
  10. The inhibitory effects of mitragynine on P-glycoprotein in vitro
    Rusli N, Amanah A, Kaur G, Adenan MI, Sulaiman SF, Wahab HA, et al.
    Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol, 2019 04;392(4):481-496.
    PMID: 30604191 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-018-01605-y
    Mitragynine is a major component isolated from Mitragyna speciosa Korth or kratom, a medicinal plant known for its opiate-like and euphoric properties. Multiple toxicity and fatal cases involving mitragynine or kratom have been reported but the underlying causes remain unclear. P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is a multidrug transporter which modulates the pharmacokinetics of xenobiotics and plays a key role in mediating drug-drug interactions. This study investigated the effects of mitragynine on P-gp transport activity, mRNA, and protein expression in Caco-2 cells using molecular docking, bidirectional assay, RT-qPCR, Western blot analysis, and immunocytochemistry techniques, respectively. Molecular docking simulation revealed that mitragynine interacts with important residues at the nucleotide binding domain (NBD) site of the P-gp structure but not with the residues from the substrate binding site. This was consistent with subsequent experimental work as mitragynine exhibited low permeability across the cell monolayer but inhibited digoxin transport at 10 μM, similar to quinidine. The reduction of P-gp activity in vitro was further contributed by the downregulation of mRNA and protein expression of P-gp. In summary, mitragynine is likely a P-gp inhibitor in vitro but not a substrate. Hence, concurrent administration of mitragynine-containing kratom products with psychoactive drugs which are P-gp substrates may lead to clinically significant toxicity. Further clinical study to prove this point is needed.
  11. Fulltext (E)-{[(Butyl-sulfan-yl)methane-thio-yl]amino}(4-meth-oxy-benzyl-idene)amine: crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis
    Rusli AF, Kwong HC, Crouse KA, Jotani MM, Tiekink ERT
    Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun, 2020 Feb 01;76(Pt 2):208-213.
    PMID: 32071748 DOI: 10.1107/S2056989020000328
    The title hydrazine carbodi-thio-ate, C13H18N2OS2, is constructed about a central and almost planar C2N2S2 chromophore (r.m.s. deviation = 0.0263 Å); the terminal meth-oxy-benzene group is close to coplanar with this plane [dihedral angle = 3.92 (11)°]. The n-butyl group has an extended all-trans conformation [torsion angles S-Cm-Cm-Cm = -173.2 (3)° and Cm-Cm-Cm-Cme = 180.0 (4)°; m = methyl-ene and me = meth-yl]. The most prominent feature of the mol-ecular packing is the formation of centrosymmetric eight-membered {⋯HNCS}2 synthons, as a result of thio-amide-N-H⋯S(thio-amide) hydrogen bonds; these are linked via meth-oxy-C-H⋯π(meth-oxy-benzene) inter-actions to form a linear supra-molecular chain propagating along the a-axis direction. An analysis of the calculated Hirshfeld surfaces and two-dimensional fingerprint plots point to the significance of H⋯H (58.4%), S⋯H/H⋯S (17.1%), C⋯H/H⋯C (8.2%) and O⋯H/H⋯O (4.9%) contacts in the packing. The energies of the most significant inter-actions, i.e. the N-H⋯S and C-H⋯π inter-actions have their most significant contributions from electrostatic and dispersive components, respectively. The energies of two other identified close contacts at close to van der Waals distances, i.e. a thione-sulfur and meth-oxy-benzene-hydrogen contact (occurring within the chains along the a axis) and between methyl-ene-H atoms (occurring between chains to consolidate the three-dimensional architecture), are largely dispersive in nature.
  12. Neonatal hypoxic encephalopathy: Correlation between post-cooling brain MRI findings and 2 years neurodevelopmental outcome
    Rusli ERM, Ismail J, Wei WS, Ishak S, Jaafar R, Zaki FM
    Indian J Radiol Imaging, 2019 12 31;29(4):350-355.
    PMID: 31949335 DOI: 10.4103/ijri.IJRI_62_19
    Objective: This study aims to evaluate the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain patterns among hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) babies who underwent post-cooling MRI brain as well as to correlate the post-cooling brain scoring with patient's neurodevelopmental outcome at 2 years.

    Subjects and Methods: It was a retrospective cross sectional study carried out at a tertiary university hospital. Record of patients diagnosed with neonatal HIE from 2007 until 2016 who completed 72 h of cooling therapy and had MRI brain within 2 weeks of life were included in this study. A new scoring system by Trivedi et al. that emphasizes on subcortical deep gray matter and posterior limb internal capsule injury were utilized upon MRI assessment, using TW, T2W, and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) sequences. Cumulative MRI brain score was obtained and graded as none, mild, moderate, and severe brain injury. The MRI brain scoring was then correlated with patient's 2 years neurodevelopmental outcome using Fisher's Exact Test.

    Results: A total of 23 patients were eligible of which 19 term neonates were included. 13% of these neonates (n = 3) had mild MRI brain injury grading with 52.2% (n = 12) moderate and 34.8% (n = 8) severe. There was no significant correlation seen between MRI brain grading and developmental outcome at 2 years old (P > 0.05).

    Conclusion: There was no significant correlation between neonatal MRI brain injury grading and 2 years neurodevelopmental outcome. Nevertheless, the new MRI brain scoring by Trivedi et al. is reproducible and comprehensive as it involves various important brain structures, assessed from different MRI sequences.

  13. A study of job strain and dissatisfaction among lecturers in the School of Medical Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia
    Huda BZ, Rusli BN, Naing L, Tengku MA, Winn T, Rampal KG
    Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health, 2004 Mar;35(1):210-8.
    PMID: 15272771
    Job stress has now become one of the most significant health and safety issues in the workplace and one of the least understood areas of organizational cost. A cross-sectional study to assess job strain and dissatisfaction in lecturers of the School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) was undertaken between August 2001 and May 2002. The original English version of the Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ) version 1.7 (revised 1997) by Robert Karasek was self-administered to 73 (response rate 58.4%) lecturers in School of Medical Sciences USM. The prevalence of job strain (defined by low decision latitude and high psychological demands) in USM was 23.3%. The risk factors of job strain in the lecturers were psychological stressors (adjusted OR 1.2, 95% CI 1.0, 1.4), created skill (adjusted OR 0.4, 95% CI 0.2, 0.8) and working in clinical-based departments (adjusted OR 18.7, 95% CI 1.6, 22.7). The prevalence of job dissatisfaction was 42.6%. Associated factors of job dissatisfaction in USM lecturers were decision authority (p < 0.001) and psychological job demand (p < 0.001). We conclude that psychological stressors and created skill were non-protective and protective, respectively, against job strain in USM lecturers. Clinical-based lecturers experienced higher job strain compared to non-clinical-based lecturers. Psychological job demand was strongly associated with job dissatisfaction, and decision authority was protective against job dissatisfaction.
  14. Robotic-assisted mesh pelvic closure for prevention of small bowel descent after surgery for recurrent rectal cancer
    Rusli SM, Kim JS, Choo JM, Cheong JY, Piozzi GN, Kim SH
    Tech Coloproctol, 2021 Sep 18.
    PMID: 34536172 DOI: 10.1007/s10151-021-02529-1
  15. Fulltext How deep is deep enough? Analysis of sea turtle eggs nest relocation procedure at Chagar Hutang Turtle Sanctuary
    Najwa-Sawawi S, Azman NM, Rusli MU, Ahmad A, Fahmi-Ahmad M, Fadzly N
    Saudi J Biol Sci, 2021 Sep;28(9):5053-5060.
    PMID: 34466082 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.05.021
    Sea turtle eggs incubation involves natural and artificial incubation of eggs, and indeed the depth will be varied and presumably affect the development of hatchlings. For nest relocation, the researcher needs to decide on the depth to incubate the eggs. Sea turtle eggs clutches may vary between 40 and 120 eggs for the green turtle, thus using a single value as the standard procedure might affect the quality of hatchlings. Here we quantify the dimension of the natural (in-situ) nest constructed by the nester and the artificial (ex-situ) built by our ranger during nest relocation. We suggest a linear regression calculation of Y = 0.2366X + 59.3267, better predict a more accurate nest depth based on the number of eggs to imitate the natural nest.
  16. Nutrient intake, growth performance and nutrient digestibility of pre- and post-weaning Dorper lambs fed varying crude protein level
    Panadi M, Mat K, Rahman MM, Khan MAKG, Balakrishnan M, Rusli ND
    Trop Anim Health Prod, 2021 Oct 13;53(5):515.
    PMID: 34647184 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-021-02953-3
    The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of varying crude protein (CP) levels on intake, growth performances and nutrient digestibility of Dorper lambs at pre- and post-weaning period. Twenty lambs at 7 days old with an initial body weight of 2.91 kg were individually penned and randomly assigned into four (4) dietary groups using a randomised complete block design. In Trial I, pre-weaning lambs were fed with creep feeding (CF) diet containing 14% crude protein (CP) as a control diet (CON14), 16% (CF16), 18% (CF18) and 20% (CF20) of CP for 84 days. Following Trial 1, the animals were fed with a growing ration (GR) diet for 96-day feeding trial. The diets consisted of 11% CP as a control diet (CON11), 14% (GR14), 16% (GR16) and 18% (GR18) of CP. The water was available ad libitum and the feed intake was measured daily by the difference of feed offered and refused. The increase of CP level resulted in a linear increase of dry matter intake (DMI), nutrient intake and average daily gain (ADG) in pre- and post-weaning lambs. The DMI (g/day) of lambs fed with CF20 (1059.92) was significantly higher (p  0.05) compared to those fed with CF16 (217.95). For post-weaning lambs, GR16 had significantly higher ADG than CON11 (43.14), but it was no difference with GR14 (72.94) and GR18 (69.41). However, increased CP level resulted in linear increase of DM, ash, organic matter (OM) and CP digestibility. The present finding suggested that the optimum CP level for pre- and post-weaning Dorper lambs in Malaysia was 16% and 14%, respectively.
  17. Fulltext Biotic Cathode of Graphite Fibre Brush for Improved Application in Microbial Fuel Cells
    Rusli SFN, Daud SM, Abu Bakar MH, Loh KS, Masdar MS
    Molecules, 2022 Feb 03;27(3).
    PMID: 35164309 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27031045
    The biocathode in a microbial fuel cell (MFC) system is a promising and a cheap alternative method to improve cathode reaction performance. This study aims to identify the effect of the electrode combination between non-chemical modified stainless steel (SS) and graphite fibre brush (GFB) for constructing bio-electrodes in an MFC. In this study, the MFC had two chambers, separated by a cation exchange membrane, and underwent a total of four different treatments with different electrode arrangements (anodeǁcathode)-SSǁSS (control), GFBǁSS, GFBǁGFB and SSǁGFB. Both electrodes were heat-treated to improve surface oxidation. On the 20th day of the operation, the GFBǁGFB arrangement generated the highest power density, up to 3.03 W/m3 (177 A/m3), followed by the SSǁGFB (0.0106 W/m3, 0.412 A/m3), the GFBǁSS (0.0283 W/m3, 17.1 A/m3), and the SSǁSS arrangements (0.0069 W/m-3, 1.64 A/m3). The GFBǁGFB had the lowest internal resistance (0.2 kΩ), corresponding to the highest power output. The other electrode arrangements, SSǁGFB, GFBǁSS, and SSǁSS, showed very high internal resistance (82 kΩ, 2.1 kΩ and 18 kΩ, respectively) due to the low proton and electron movement activity in the MFC systems. The results show that GFB materials can be used as anode and cathode in a fully biotic MFC system.
  18. Laparoscopic transverse colectomy with extended complete mesocolic excision for mid-transverse colon cancer
    Piozzi GN, Rusli SM, Choo JM, Kim JS, Kim SH
    Tech Coloproctol, 2022 Feb 07.
    PMID: 35129734 DOI: 10.1007/s10151-021-02567-9
  19. Fulltext Seedless growth of zinc oxide flower-shaped structures on multilayer graphene by electrochemical deposition
    Aziz NS, Nishiyama T, Rusli NI, Mahmood MR, Yasui K, Hashim AM
    Nanoscale Res Lett, 2014;9(1):337.
    PMID: 25024694 DOI: 10.1186/1556-276X-9-337
    A seedless growth of zinc oxide (ZnO) structures on multilayer (ML) graphene by electrochemical deposition without any pre-deposited ZnO seed layer or metal catalyst was studied. A high density of a mixture of vertically aligned/non-aligned ZnO rods and flower-shaped structures was obtained. ML graphene seems to generate the formation of flower-shaped structures due to the stacking boundaries. The nucleation of ZnO seems to be promoted at the stacking edges of ML graphene with the increase of applied current density, resulting in the formation of flower-shaped structures. The diameters of the rods/flower-shaped structures also increase with the applied current density. ZnO rods/flower-shaped structures with high aspect ratio over 5.0 and good crystallinity were obtained at the applied current densities of -0.5 and -1.0 mA/cm(2). The growth mechanism was proposed. The growth involves the formation of ZnO nucleation below 80°C and the enhancement of the growth of vertically non-aligned rods and flower-shaped structures at 80°C. Such ZnO/graphene hybrid structure provides several potential applications in sensing devices.
  20. Nutritional outcomes related to household food insecurity among mothers in rural Malaysia
    Ihabi AN, Rohana AJ, Wan Manan WM, Wan Suriati WN, Zalilah MS, Rusli AM
    J Health Popul Nutr, 2013 Dec;31(4):480-9.
    PMID: 24592589
    During the past two decades, the rates of food insecurity and obesity have risen. Although a relationship between these two seemingly-paradoxical states has not been repeatedly seen in men, research suggests that a correlation between them exists in women. This study examines nutritional outcomes of household food insecurity among mothers in rural Malaysia. A cross-sectional survey of low-income households was conducted, and 223 households with mothers aged 18-55 years, who were non-lactating, non-pregnant, and had at least one child aged 2-12 years, were purposively selected. A questionnaire was administered that included the Radimer/Cornell Scale, items about sociodemographic characteristics, and anthropometric measurements. Of the households, 16.1% were food-secure whereas 83.9% experienced some kind of food insecurity: 29.6% of households were food-insecure, 19.3% contained individuals who were food-insecure, and 35.0% fell into the 'child hunger' category. The result reported that household-size, total monthly income, income per capita, and food expenditure were significant risk factors of household food insecurity. Although there was a high prevalence of overweight and obese mothers (52%) and 47.1% had at-risk waist-circumference (> or = 80 cm), no significant association was found between food insecurity, body mass index, and waist-circumference. In conclusion, the rates of household food insecurity and overweight and obesity were high in the study population, although they are looking paradoxical. Longitudinal studies with larger sample-sizes are recommended to further examine the relationship between food insecurity and obesity.
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