Displaying publications 101 - 120 of 473 in total

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  1. Phytochemical composition of almond oil from Melia azedarach L. and its larvicidal, ovicidal, repellent and enzyme activities in Culex pipiens L
    Khaldi R, Rehimi N, Kharoubi R, Soltani N
    Trop Biomed, 2022 Dec 01;39(4):531-538.
    PMID: 36602212 DOI: 10.47665/tb.39.4.008
    Melia azedarach L. (Meliaceae) is a botanical species with focal point of global research for its biological properties. The Melia azedarach tree is distinguished by its rapid growth, its adaptation to different temperate zones, as well as its insecticidal properties. All this made us think of exploiting it in biological control against different stages of mosquitoes. To this end, we aim, through the present work, to evaluate the effectiveness of Melia azedarach extracts against Culex pipiens mosquito. More specifically, our study focuses on determining the chemical composition of Melia almond oil, as well as the larvicidal, ovicidal and repellent activities on Culex pipiens L. mosquito as well as the activities of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST). Almond oil was extracted by a Soxhlet and subjected to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The yield was found to be 35.17%. The chemical composition revealed the presence of various phytoconstituents. A total of 7 compounds were identified, the main ones being 9,11-Octadecadienoic acid, methyl ester, (E,E)- (79.32%), 9-octadecenoic acid (Z)-, methyl ester (13.24%), hexadecanoic acid and methyl ester (3.69%). The larvicidal bioassays were performed according to the protocol recommended by the World Health Organization with concentrations varying from 20 to 80 mg/L depending on the exposure time (24, 48 and 72 hours). The almond oil exhibited remarkable larvicidal activity against fourth instar larvae and the lethal concentrations were determined (LC25= 23.70 mg/L, LC50=35.49 mg/L, LC90=79.61 mg/L). The results also showed that the oil caused an ovicidal activity with a significant effect on egg hatch. The recorded hatching percentages were respectively 88.79% and 72.40% for the LC25 and LC50, and this compared to the control series. Moreover, this oil exhibited significant repellency against adult mosquitoes. Furthermore, the enzymatic measurements performed on LC50 and LC90 treated larvae revealed a neurotoxic activity and a stimulation of the detoxification system as evidenced, respectively, by an inhibition of AChE and induction in GST activity. Overall, our data proved that Melia azedarach almond oil could be considered as a potent biorational alternative to synthetic insecticides for mosquito control.
    Matched MeSH terms: Aedes*
  2. Lactic acid bacteria waste infusion as a source of attraction and oviposition stimulation of gravid female Aedes albopictus mosquitoes
    Suria MM, Yap PC, Lov VL, AbuBakar S, Lee HY
    Trop Biomed, 2022 Dec 01;39(4):499-503.
    PMID: 36602207 DOI: 10.47665/tb.39.4.004
    Aedes albopictus poses a public health risk in tropical countries and temperate countries in recent decades due to its capability to transmit various human arboviruses including dengue, yellow fever, and chikungunya. Vector control is the key for preventing transmission of these pathogenic viruses. Improving the effectiveness of currently utilized collection methods, such as ovitraps, is important for best species abundance monitoring, assessment of the threat of arbovirus transmission, and optimizing control activities. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the potential use of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) waste as an infusion-baited ovitrap for Aedes collection. The performance of overnight tap water, grass hay infusion and LAB waste infusion were compared for their ability in attracting gravid female Ae. albopictus. In this study, the LAB waste infusion was substantially more alluring to Ae. albopictus mosquitoes than the two controls grass hay infusion and tap water.
    Matched MeSH terms: Aedes*
  3. Assessing the bioefficacy of a commercial temephos formulation (Temebate®) for controlling Aedes albopictus larvae in different land use localities in Malaysia
    Wan-Norafikah O, Aliah-Diyanah S, Atiqah-Izzah Z, Chen CD, Sofian-Azirun M, Lailatul-Nadhirah A, et al.
    Exp Parasitol, 2023 Nov;254:108627.
    PMID: 37802180 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2023.108627
    Temephos is the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended larvicide and is still being utilized worldwide to control larvae of dengue vectors; Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. The efficacy of a commercial temephos product; Temebate® to exterminate the local populations of Ae. albopictus larvae originated from different land use particularly dengue-risk and dengue-free housing localities as well as agrarian localities including oil palm plantations, rubber estates and paddy fields was assessed to verify its bioefficacy in these localities. Field populations of Ae. albopictus larvae were attained via a larval survey at each study locality. Each Ae. albopictus larval population was subjected to a 24-h larval bioassay using Temebate® at operational dosage of 1 mg/L. Almost all Ae. albopictus larval populations demonstrated mortalities between 7.00% and 100.00% by the end of the first 4 h of Temebate® exposure with the resistance ratios between 0.94 and 8.33. After 24 h of Temebate® exposure, all sixteen Ae. albopictus larval populations exhibited increased mortalities with ten of them showing 100% mortalities. These results confirmed the relevance of Temebate® to be continuously used by the residents of these localities as their control efforts against dengue vectors. Nevertheless, Temebate® application by consumers in dengue-risk localities need to be carefully monitored to prevent further development of temephos resistance among Ae. albopictus populations and substantiated with other vector control approaches.
    Matched MeSH terms: Aedes*
  4. Optimised neem oil-bilayer tablets: A safe, effective and stable tool for the prevention of vector-borne disease outbreaks by Aedes albopictus
    Swathy KK, Sarath Chandran C, Mukundan M, Sreejith KR, Sourav K, Jafna MC, et al.
    Exp Parasitol, 2023 Aug;251:108550.
    PMID: 37230323 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2023.108550
    The control of mosquito breeding is an essential step towards the reduction of vector-borne disease outbreaks. Synthetic larvicidal agents produce resistance in vectors and cause safety concerns in humans, animals and aquatic species. The drawback of synthetic larvicides opened a new avenue for natural larvicidal agents, but poor dosage accuracy, need for frequent applications, low stability and sustainability are the major challenges with them. Hence, this investigation aimed to overcome those drawbacks by developing bilayer tablets loaded with neem oil to prevent mosquito breeding in stagnant water. The optimised batch of neem oil-bilayer tablets (ONBT) had 65%w/w hydroxypropyl methylcellulose K100M and 80%w/w ethylcellulose in its composition. After the completion of 4th week, 91.98 ± 0.871% azadirachtin was released from the ONBT, which was followed by a subsequent drop in the in vitro release. ONBT reported long-term larvicidal efficacy (>75%) and a good deterrent effect which was better than neem oil-based marketed products. The acute toxicity study on a non-target fish model (Poecilia reticulata), OECD Test No.203 confirmed the safety of the ONBT on non-target aquatic species. The accelerated stability studies predicted a good stability profile for the ONBT. The neem oil-based bilayer tablets can be used as an effective tool for the control of vector-borne diseases in society. The product may be a safe, effective and eco-friendly replacement for the existing synthetic as well as natural products in the market.
    Matched MeSH terms: Aedes*
  5. Persistency of transovarial dengue virus in Aedes aegypti (Linn.)
    Rohani A, Zamree I, Joseph RT, Lee HL
    Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health, 2008 Sep;39(5):813-6.
    PMID: 19058573
    A study was conducted to examine the persistency of transovarial dengue virus type 2 (DEN-2) in a Selangor strain of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Two hundred 4-5 day old female mosquitoes were fed with blood containing dengue virus. The infected mosquitoes were reared to the 7th generation; each generation was screened for the virus using immunological staining methods. The virus was detectable until the 5th generation but absent in the 6th and the 7th generations. Therefore, dengue virus type 2 can be transmitted transovarially in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes until the fifth generation under laboratory conditions.
    Matched MeSH terms: Aedes/virology*
  6. Differential environmental preferences of gravid female Aedes mosquitoes in ovipositing their eggs
    Chua KB, Chua IL, Chua IE, Chua KH
    Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health, 2005 Sep;36(5):1132-8.
    PMID: 16438137
    A prospective field study was carried out to investigate any preferential differences of gravid female Aedes mosquitoes in ovipositing their eggs in man-made containers placed in different environmental conditions. The findings of this study show that gravid female Aedes mosquitoes preferred to breed in containers found in the outdoor garden than those placed on the patio and or inside the house. The findings also show that if the breeding habitats in the garden were removed, they would favorably use the breeding habitats found on the patio or inside the house as alternatives. An incidental interesting finding in this study shows that ultra-low volume fogging of insecticides using the vehicle-mounted equipment carried out outside the house may promote the gravid female Aedes mosquitoes to enter the house to breed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Aedes/physiology*
  7. Fulltext Breeding of Aedes aegypti (L.) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse) in urban housing of Sibu town, Sarawak
    Chang MS, Jute N
    Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health, 1994 Sep;25(3):543-8.
    PMID: 7777923
    An Aedes survey using various larval survey methods was conducted in 12 urban housing areas and 29 vacant lands in Sibu town proper. Aedes albopictus larvae were found in all areas surveyed while Aedes aegypti larvae were present in 10 localities and 4 vacant lands. There were no significant difference in the house index, breteau and larval density index of these two Aedes (Stegomyia) species from the survey areas. The proportion of containers positive with Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus in area outside the house compound and near the house fencing were 3.2 times higher than outdoor compound. The indoor/outdoor breeding ratio for Ae. aegypti alone is 1.6:1. The most preferred breeding habitats outdoor were plastic cups and used tires while indoor habitats were ant traps and flower vases. In the vacant lands, the average number of larvae per containers was significantly higher than in houses and over 51% of the containers inspected were positive. Shared breeding between Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus larvae accounted for 9% in house surveys and 4.5% in vacant land survey. The use of various methods in Aedes larval survey may provide essential information in the study of vector epidemiology in dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever transmission.
    Matched MeSH terms: Aedes/physiology*
  8. The application of environmental management methods in combating dengue: a systematic review
    Mahmud MAF, Abdul Mutalip MH, Lodz NA, Muhammad EN, Yoep N, Hasim MH, et al.
    Int J Environ Health Res, 2023 Nov;33(11):1148-1167.
    PMID: 35642722 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2022.2076815
    Among several vector control methods commonly used, environmental management is one of the control measures to mitigate dengue in such vulnerable communities. Since there is no curative treatment for dengue yet, targeted environmental and ecosystem management is increasingly relevant. Hence, this review was conducted to identify the effectiveness of environmental management intervention strategy to reduce dengue cases. We searched PUBMED, CENTRAL, SCOPUS, Web of Science, CIJE, WHO ICTRP, and ClinicalTrials.gov up to January 2021. A total of 521 articles were screened. Only 16 studies were included in this review. There were 6 studies that applied all three types of environmental management interventions (manipulation, modification and behavior), 8 studies applied two types of interventions (manipulation and behavior) and 2 studies applied one type of intervention (manipulation or behavior). All included studies reported reduction of Aedes entomological indices. The studies showed reduction in dengue cases and density of Aedes population through environmental interventions. It is recommended for the health authority to incorporate environmental management intervention in dengue control activities and enhanced the community involvement to ensure sustainability with high impact on dengue reduction.
    Matched MeSH terms: Aedes*
  9. Fulltext Biting rhythm and demographic attributes of Aedes albopictus (Skuse) females from different urbanized settings in Penang Island, Malaysia under uncontrolled laboratory conditions
    Muhammad NAF, Abu Kassim NF, Ab Majid AH, Abd Rahman A, Dieng H, Avicor SW
    PLoS One, 2020;15(11):e0241688.
    PMID: 33175896 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241688
    Urbanization could potentially modify Aedes albopictus' ecology by changing the dynamics of the species, and affecting their breeding sites due to environmental changes, and thus contribute to dengue outbreaks. Thus, this study was conducted to evaluate the biting rhythm, fecundity and longevity of adult female Ae. albopictus in relation to urbanization strata; urban, suburban and rural areas in Penang Island, Malaysia. The experiments were done in comparison to a laboratory strain. Twenty-four hours biting activity of all the mosquito strains showed a clear bimodal biting activity, with morning and evening twilight peaks. The interaction effect between biting time and mosquito strains was not significant. Meanwhile, differences in fecundity among mosquito strains were statistically significant (F(3,442) = 10.559, P < 0.05) with urban areas having higher mean number of eggs (mean = 107.69, standard error = 3.98) than suburban (mean = 94.48, standard error = 5.18), and rural areas (mean = 72.52, standard error = 3.87). Longevity of adult females were significantly higher (F(3,441) = 31.259, P < 0.05) for mosquito strains from urban areas compared to the other strains. These findings would provide crucial information for the planning of control programs in Malaysia, particularly Penang.
    Matched MeSH terms: Aedes/physiology*
  10. Fulltext Mosquito-borne haemorrhagic fevers of South and South-East Asia
    Halstead SB
    Bull World Health Organ, 1966;35(1):3-15.
    PMID: 5297536
    During the past decade outbreaks of a severe haemorrhagic disease caused by dengue viruses of multiple types have been reported in the Philippines, Thailand, Malaysia, Viet-Nam and eastern India. In many of these outbreaks chikungunya virus, a group A arbovirus, was simultaneously the cause of similar but probably milder disease. Both these viruses appear to be able to be able to produce classical dengue fever in some individuals and disease with haemorrhagic manifestations in others. Because of the growing public health importance and the progressive spread of this disease a unified review of its clinical and epidemiological features has been needed. This paper presents the history and salient clinical features of mosquito-borne haemorrhagic fever and summarizes recent epidemiological studies and current diagnostic and control methods.
    Matched MeSH terms: Aedes*
  11. Fulltext A scoping review on the use of different blood sources and components in the artificial membrane feeding system and its effects on blood-feeding and fecundity rate of Aedes aegypti
    Suresh Y, Azil AH, Abdullah SR
    PLoS One, 2024;19(1):e0295961.
    PMID: 38252615 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295961
    In some laboratories, mosquitoes' direct blood-feeding on live animals has been replaced with various membrane blood-feeding systems. The selection of blood meal sources used in membrane feeding is crucial in vector mass rearing as it influences the mosquitoes' development and reproductive fitness. Therefore, this scoping review aimed to evaluate the existing literature on the use of different blood sources and components in artificial membrane feeding systems and their effects on blood-feeding and the fecundity rate of Ae. aegypti. A literature review search was conducted by using PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA-ScR). The EndNote version 20 software was used to import all searched articles. Relevant information was retrieved for analysis into a Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet. A total of 104 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility criteria, whereby the articles should include the comparison between different types of blood source by using the membrane feeding systems. Only 16 articles were finally included in the analysis. Several studies had reported that human blood was superior in blood-feeding Ae. aegypti as compared to sheep blood which resulted in lower fecundity due to accumulation of free fatty acids (FFA) in the cuticles. In contrast, cattle whole blood and pig whole blood showed no significant differences in the blood-feeding and fecundity rate as compared to human blood. This review also indicated that bovine whole blood and pig whole blood enhanced Ae. aegypti's vitellogenesis and egg production as compared to plasma and blood cells. In addition, human blood of up to 10 days after the expiration date could still be used to establish Ae. aegypti colonies with good blood-feeding rates and number of eggs produced. Thus, future studies must consider the importance of selecting suitable blood sources and components for membrane blood feeding especially in mosquito colonisation and control measure studies.
    Matched MeSH terms: Aedes*
  12. Infectomics of Chikungunya Virus: Roles Played by Host Factors
    Binti Adnan NAA, Kalam N, Lim Zi Jiunn G, Komarasamy TV, Balasubramaniam VRMT
    Am J Trop Med Hyg, 2025 Mar 05;112(3):481-490.
    PMID: 39689362 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.23-0819
    Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), prevalent in tropical regions, is known for causing frequent outbreaks, particularly in Central Africa, South America, and Southeast Asia. It is an arbovirus transmitted by the Aedes (Ae.) aegypti and Ae. albopictus mosquitoes. Infections lead to severe joint and muscle pain, which can linger and significantly impair an individual's health, quality of life, and economic stability. Recent climatic changes and the globalization of travel have facilitated the worldwide spread of these mosquitoes. Currently, no U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved drug is available for treating CHIKV infection. Recently, the FDA approved a live, attenuated vaccine called Ixchiq. However, this vaccine has been linked to side effects, leading the FDA to mandate additional post-marketing studies to assess the risk of severe adverse reactions similar to the virus. An emerging strategy in drug development focuses on targeting host factors that the virus exploits rather than the viral proteins themselves. This review explores the interactions between CHIKV and host factors that could be potential therapeutic targets. Despite progress in understanding the life cycle of CHIKV, the immune system's role in combating the virus still needs to be fully understood. Investigating treatments that enhance the host's immune response may offer new paths to combating CHIKV.
    Matched MeSH terms: Aedes/virology
  13. Developing a time series prediction modelling for dengue in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah
    Md Taib N, Atil A, Dapari R, Hassan MR, Kunasagran PD, Zali SMIRM, et al.
    Med J Malaysia, 2025 Mar;80(2):161-167.
    PMID: 40145157
    INTRODUCTION: Dengue is a major public health issue, with 3,900,000 people living in 129 dengue-endemic countries globally facing a risk of contracting dengue fever. Dengue incidence in Sabah is among the highest in Malaysia. In 2022, Kota Kinabalu District reported 22% of the total number of dengue cases in Sabah. The objective of this study was to develop a prediction model for dengue incidence using meteorological, entomological, and environmental parameters in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: An ecological study was conducted from 2016 to 2021 using the dengue database and meteorological data. The forecasting model for dengue incidence was performed with R software using the seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (SARIMA) model. The model was fitted based on the reported weekly incidence of dengue from 2016 to 2020 and validated using data collected between January and December 2021.

    RESULTS: SARIMA (1,1,1) (1,1,0)52 with the external regressor maximal temperature, Aedes index, and vacant lot were the models with minimal measurement errors, as indicated by the Mean Absolute Error (MAE) values of 3.04, Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) of 4.43, and Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) of 1354.82.

    CONCLUSIONS: The predicted values in 2021 accurately forecasted the capability to serve as an early warning system for proactive dengue measures. This information is deemed valuable to healthcare administrators for enhancing the level of preparedness.

    Matched MeSH terms: Aedes/virology
  14. Fulltext Molecular cloning, sequence analysis and developmental stage expression of a putative septin gene fragment from Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae)
    Avicor SW, Wajidi MF, Jaal Z, Yahaya ZS
    Acta Biochim. Pol., 2016;63(2):243-6.
    PMID: 27059016 DOI: 10.18388/abp.2014_909
    Septins belong to GTPases that are involved in vital cellular activities, including cytokinesis. Although present in many organisms, they are yet to be isolated from Aedes albopictus. This study reports for the first time on a serendipitous isolation of a partial septin sequence from Ae. albopictus and its developmental expression profile. The Ae. albopictus partial septin sequence contains 591 nucleotides encoding 197 amino acids. It shares homology with several insect septin genes and has a close phylogenetic relationship with Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus septins. The Ae. albopictus septin fragment was differentially expressed in the mosquito's developmental stages, with an increased expression in the adults.
    Matched MeSH terms: Aedes/genetics*; Aedes/growth & development; Aedes/metabolism
  15. Profile distribution of juvenile Aedes species in an urban area of Malaysia
    Che Dom N, Faiz Madzlan M, Nadira Yusoff SN, Hassan Ahmad A, Ismail R, Nazrina Camalxaman S
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 2016 Apr;110(4):237-45.
    PMID: 27076510 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trw015
    Dengue fever (DF) is an urban vector-borne disease transmitted by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. Both species deposit their eggs in favorable breeding sites either in natural or artificial containers. An understanding of their habitat characteristics is crucial in curbing DF outbreaks
    Matched MeSH terms: Aedes
  16. Insecticidal activity and expression of cytochrome P450 family 4 genes in Aedes albopictus after exposure to pyrethroid mosquito coils
    Avicor SW, Wajidi MF, El-Garj FM, Jaal Z, Yahaya ZS
    Protein J, 2014 Oct;33(5):457-64.
    PMID: 25199940 DOI: 10.1007/s10930-014-9580-z
    Mosquito coils are insecticides commonly used for protection against mosquitoes due to their toxic effects on mosquito populations. These effects on mosquitoes could induce the expression of metabolic enzymes in exposed populations as a counteractive measure. Cytochrome P450 family 4 (CYP4) are metabolic enzymes associated with a wide range of biological activities including insecticide resistance. In this study, the efficacies of three commercial mosquito coils with different pyrethroid active ingredients were assessed and their potential to induce the expression of CYP4 genes in Aedes albopictus analyzed by real-time quantitative PCR. Coils containing 0.3 % D-allethrin and 0.005 % metofluthrin exacted profound toxic effects on Ae. albopictus, inducing high mortalities (≥90 %) compared to the 0.2 % D-allethrin reference coil. CYP4H42 and CYP4H43 expressions were significantly higher in 0.3 % D-allethrin treated mosquitoes compared to the other treated populations. Short-term (KT50) exposure to mosquito coils induced significantly higher expression of both genes in 0.005 % metofluthrin exposed mosquitoes. These results suggest the evaluated products provided better protection than the reference coil; however, they also induced the expression of metabolic genes which could impact negatively on personal protection against mosquito.
    Matched MeSH terms: Aedes/drug effects*; Aedes/enzymology; Aedes/genetics
  17. Species composition of mosquitoes of Attapeu Province, Lao People's Democratic Republic
    Vythilingam I, Sidavong B, Thim CS, Phonemixay T, Phompida S, Jeffery J
    J Am Mosq Control Assoc, 2006 Mar;22(1):140-3.
    PMID: 16646338
    A list of mosquitoes collected from Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao PDR) from May 2002 to August 2004 is presented. A total of 8,945 mosquitoes belonging to 14 genera and 57 species was collected. The genera recorded were Aedes, Anopheles, Armigeres, Coquillettidia, Culex, Diceromyia, Downsiomyia, Fredwardsius, Mansonia, Neomelaniconion, Ochlerotatus, Paraedes, Stegomyia, and Verrallina. Seventeen species are first reports for LAO PDR.
    Matched MeSH terms: Aedes
  18. Fulltext Monitoring Aedes population using ovitrap index and larval abundance in an urban university residence
    Emma Aishah, A., Muhammad Firdaus, M.F., Nur Syafiqah, T., Rozana, M.S., Sugasini, S.L., Syamsa Rizal, A., et al.
    Medicine & Health, 2020;15(2):224-235.
    MyJurnal
    Ovitrap autosidal berperanan penting dalam pemantauan dan kawalan vektor denggi, Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. Beberapa jenis ovitrap ini telah digunakan di Malaysia termasuklah Mosquito Larvae Trapping Device (MLTD) yang diperkenalkan oleh Dewan Bandaraya Kuala Lumpur. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menilai kepadatan larva Aedes dan pembolehubah meteorologi setempat di sebuah penempatan pelajar di Cheras, Kuala Lumpur. MLTD (n=30) dengan umpan larutan baja NPK (5:5:5) organik telah digunakan. Pengumpulan larva dan penyelenggaraan ovitrap telah dilakukan setiap minggu selama lapan minggu. Pemeliharaan larva dan penentuan spesies telah dijalankan di makmal. Daripada sejumlah 2,152 larva Aedes, 85% merupakan Ae. albopictus manakala selebihnya Ae. aegypti. Ae. albopictus lebih banyak dikumpulkan di luar berbanding di dalam bangunan (purata larva per ovitrap, 9.28 lawan 6.08). Sebaliknya, Ae. aegypti lebih banyak dikumpulkan di dalam berbanding di luar bangunan (1.72 lawan 0.86). Ovitrap indeks yang paling tinggi adalah semasa minggu kelima (90%) dan keenam (93%). Minggu pertama menunjukkan ovitrap indeks yang paling rendah (30%). Analisis mendapati korelasi positif antara kepadatan larva Aedes dan suhu maksimum (r=0.830, p=0.011), manakala kelembapan relatif minimum menunjukkan korelasi negatif (r=-0.778, p=0.023). Pemantauan rutin bagi peringkat pramatang vektor denggi boleh memberikan maklumat mengenai kepadatan dan naik turun populasi nyamuk setempat. Apabila digandingkan dengan faktor meteorologi sejajar, maklumat ini dapat memberi panduan bagi perlaksanaan kawalan vektor sebagai sebahagian strategi pencegahan denggi.
    Matched MeSH terms: Aedes
  19. Fulltext Oviposition habitat selection of dengue vectors, Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in response to fish predator
    Wan Fatma Zuharah, Nik Fadzly, Ong, Wilson Kang Wei, Zarul Hazrin Hashim
    Trop Life Sci Res, 2016;27(11):117-122.
    MyJurnal
    To understand the effects of fish predator’s kairomones on Aedes mosquitoes’
    oviposition, we established an experiment using gravid Aedes females. Kairomones
    concentrations were established using Hampala macrolepidota. One individual fish was
    placed inside containers with varying water levels (1 L, 5 L, and 10 L of water). The fish
    were kept in the containers for 24 hours and were removed immediately at the start of
    each trial in order to have the kairomones remnants. Twenty gravid adult females of
    Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus were allowed to lay eggs on oviposition site with
    various treatments: (1) control without any kairomones; (2) kairomone remnant in 1 L of
    water; (3) kairomone remnant in 5 L of water; and (4) kairomone remnant in 10 L of water.
    There are significant differences between the numbers of eggs laid by both Aedes species
    for each different treatment (F = 9.131, df = 16, p
    Matched MeSH terms: Aedes
  20. Fulltext Surveillance and resistance status of Aedes population in two suburban residential areas in Kampar town, Perak, Malaysia
    Ho LY, Loh TS, Yam LA
    Trop Biomed, 2014 Sep;31(3):441-8.
    PMID: 25382470 MyJurnal
    In this study, 13 weeks (October to December 2012) of ovitrap surveillance was conducted in two suburban residential areas in Kampar town, Perak. A total of 17,310 Aedes mosquitoes were found in Taman Kampar Jaya, whereas Taman Juloong recorded a higher number at 19,042. Less than 1% of these were identified as Aedes aegypti, with the remaining confirmed as Aedes albopictus. The female Ae. albopictus were subsequently subjected to WHO standard diagnostic test kits against two pyrethroids (0.05% deltamethrin and 0.75% permethrin) and two organophosphates (1% fenitrothion and 5% malathion). The Ae. albopictus from both research sites were the most susceptible to deltamethrin, recording KT50 and KT95 response values of 15.84 minutes and 16.18 minutes; and 48.18 minutes and 49.44 minutes respectively. This was followed by permethrin (20.57 minutes and 17.52 minutes; 29.54 minutes and 54.54 minutes) and malathion (48.46 minutes and 62.69 minutes; 87.72 minutes and 141.04 minutes). Fenitrothion was found to be least effective towards Ae. albopictus; recording KT50 and KT95 response values of 150.29 minutes and 293.41 minutes for Taman Kampar Jaya, and 203.32 minutes and 408.07 minutes respectively for Taman Juloong. All tested Ae. albopictus showed 100% mortality after 24 hours post exposure. As both residential areas were fogged periodically by the municipal council; alternating between organophosphates and pyrethroids, thus, constant monitoring is crucial in light of the emergence of resistance noted in Ae. albopictus towards fenitrothion.
    Matched MeSH terms: Aedes/classification; Aedes/drug effects*; Aedes/growth & development*
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