MyMedR

Fulltext Diagnostic implications of miRNAs in Liquid Biopsy for Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC): Clinical validity and interpretation

Jayaraj R, Kumaraswamy C, Raymond G, Ravishankar Ram M, Govind SK, Chandramoorthy HC, et al.

Oral Oncol, 2020 10;109:104634.

PMID: 32171663 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2020.104634

Matched MeSH terms: Mouth Neoplasms/blood; Mouth Neoplasms/diagnosis*; Mouth Neoplasms/genetics*

Fulltext A genetic programming approach to oral cancer prognosis

Tan MS, Tan JW, Chang SW, Yap HJ, Abdul Kareem S, Zain RB

PeerJ, 2016;4:e2482.

PMID: 27688975 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.2482

The potential of genetic programming (GP) on various fields has been attained in recent years. In bio-medical field, many researches in GP are focused on the recognition of cancerous cells and also on gene expression profiling data. In this research, the aim is to study the performance of GP on the survival prediction of a small sample size of oral cancer prognosis dataset, which is the first study in the field of oral cancer prognosis.

Matched MeSH terms: Mouth Neoplasms

Fulltext Large full thickness medial canthal reconstruction: a report of two cases and review of literature

Nor Idahriani Muhd Nor, Azhany Yaakub, Naik, Venkatesh R., Wan Hazabbah Wan Hitam, Liza Sharmini Ahmad Tajudin

Archives of Orofacial Sciences, 2012;7(1):1-6.

MyJurnal

The reconstruction of the upper eyelid with medial canthal involvement post extensive removal of malignant tumour remains a challenge. Proper eyelid reconstruction is necessary to reestablish anatomic integrity, restoration of its functions and to maintain the best cosmetic appearance. These case reports illustrate an alternative reconstructive technique for large upper eyelid full thickness defect with medial canthal involvement. Two cases of upper eyelid tumours involving medial canthal region underwent staged reconstruction by glabellar flap advancement and reconstruction of the posterior lamellar with autologous graft using buccal mucosa and ear cartilage. The posterior lamellar graft and flap survived without any complication except for mild eyelid margin notching in one of the two cases. The staged reconstruction with glabellar flap advancement provides adequate defect coverage, excellent blood supply, maintains eyebrow contour and function of the eyelid. The flap also perfectly matches the surrounding tissue with minimal donor site morbidity.

Matched MeSH terms: Mouth Mucosa

Fulltext A Systematic review on the management of Osseseous defects during dental implant placement

Chai, W.L.

Ann Dent, 2009;16(1):24-30.

MyJurnal

This systematic review focuses on the management of two types of osseous defects, i.e. dehiscence and fenestration that arise during the placement of dental implant in the edentulous area (delayed implant placement). A systematic online search of main database from 1975 to 2009 was made. Five randomised controlled trials have been identified based on the inclusion criteria. Different management procedures were identified, in which guided bone regeneration procedure was most commonly advocated. Resorbable and non-resorbable m'embranes were compared, in which resorbable membrane was preferred as it caused less complicatiQn of membrane exposure or risk of infection. The benefit of using bone substitute along with membrane in rypairing bony defects cannot be concluded.

Matched MeSH terms: Mouth, Edentulous

Textural characteristics and sedimentary environment of sediment at eroded and deposited regions in the severely eroded coastline of Batu Pahat, Malaysia

Wan Mohtar WHM, Nawang SAB, Abdul Maulud KN, Benson YA, Azhary WAHWM

Sci Total Environ, 2017 Nov 15;598:525-537.

PMID: 28454026 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.04.093

This study investigates the textural characteristics of sediments collected at eroded and deposited areas of highly severed eroded coastline of Batu Pahat, Malaysia. Samples were taken from systematically selected 23 locations along the 67km stretch of coastline and are extended to the fluvial sediments of the main river of Batu Pahat. Grain size distribution analysis was conducted to identify its textural characteristics and associated sedimentary transport behaviours. Sediments obtained along the coastline were fine-grained material with averaged mean size of 7.25 ϕ, poorly sorted, positively skewed and has wide distributions. Samples from eroded and deposition regions displayed no distinctive characteristics and exhibited similar profiles. The high energy condition transported the sediments as suspension, mostly as pelagic and the sediments were deposited as shallow marine and agitated deposits. The fluvial sediments of up to 3km into the river have particularly similar profile of textural characteristics with the neighbouring marine sediments from the river mouth. Profiles were similar with marine sediments about 3km opposite the main current and can go up to 10km along the current of Malacca Straits.

Matched MeSH terms: Mouth

Deviation of the mandible corrected by an acrylic training flange

Hiong ET

Dent J Malaysia Singapore, 1972 May;12(1):53-5.

PMID: 4507359

Matched MeSH terms: Mouth Rehabilitation

Fulltext The Betel Quid Chewing Habit: Why It Should Be Stopped And What Can Be Done To Stop This Habit?

Saub, R.

Ann Dent, 2001;8(1):-.

MyJurnal

The habit of chewing betel quid has been practised since ancient times. Although the world has gone through modernization, a significant proportion of people still practices this habit. Substantial evidence has shown that betel quid chewing is associated with the occurrence of oral cancer and precancerous lesions, which has a tremendous psychosocial impact on an individual's life. Thus it becomes significantly important to dentistry to look into this matter. Since betel quid chewing is one of the causes of oral cancer, effort in cha~ging this habit is essential. This article addresses this issue.

Matched MeSH terms: Mouth Neoplasms

Fulltext Orthodontic management of an erupted mesiodens: a case report

Noraini Abu Bakar

International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2017;16(21):65-65.

MyJurnal

Hyperdontia is the condition of having supernumerary tooth, or teeth, which appear
in addition to the regular number of teeth. It is a developmental anomaly and has been argued to
arise from multiple aetiologies. It may remain embedded in the alveolar bone or can erupt into the
oral cavity. Mesiodens is a supernumerary tooth located in the anterior maxilla, placed palatally or
in between the maxillary central incisors. (Copied from article).

Matched MeSH terms: Mouth

Fulltext ‘Pinky' tooth: a rare faces of delayed tooth eruption

Wan Noor Rabiatul Akmalia Wan Abd Razak, Yushaini Ahmad

International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2017;16(21):22-22.

MyJurnal

Delayed tooth eruption (DTE) is the emergence of a tooth into oral cavity that
deviates from norms established for different races, ethnics and sexes, which commonly caused
either by local or systemic conditions. (Copied from article).

Matched MeSH terms: Mouth

Fulltext Oral cancer awareness and practice of risk habits and mouth self-examination in high risk indigenous community in Sarawak, Malaysia

Thaddius Herman Maling, Jennifer Geraldine Doss, Low, Wah Yun

International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2017;16(21):19-19.

MyJurnal

This study was to obtain baseline information and its associated factors on oral
cancer awareness, practice of risk habits and mouth self-examination (MSE) among selected highrisk
indigenous community in Sarawak. (Copied from article).

Matched MeSH terms: Mouth Neoplasms

Fulltext Determinants of dna yield and quality from different non-invasive sampling methods

Karen-Ng, L.P., Hassan, S., Marhazlinda, J., Zain, R.B., Choon, Y.F.

Ann Dent, 2012;19(2):62-65.

MyJurnal

The purpose of this study was to determine the
DNA yield and quality from different non-invasive
sampling methods and to identify the method which
gave the highest DNA yield. Method: Thirty-eight
volunteers had been recruited in this study where
blood, buccal cells and saliva were collected using
various collection techniques. Buccal cells were
collected by 1) cytobrush and 2) saline mouth rinsing
or “swish”. Meanwhile saliva was collected by passive
drooling method. Upon processing the white blood
cell (WBC), buccal cells and saliva samples, DNA
extraction was performed according to the
manufacturer’s protocol. Quantification and quality
(DNA ratio at A260/A280) of the extracted DNA were
determined using NanoDropND-1000®. T-test was
performed to compare means between DNA obtained
from various collection methods. Results: DNA yields
from buccal cells collected with cytobrush, “swish”,
saliva and WBC (mean ± SD) were (8.2 ± 5.9)ng/μl,
(28.2 ± 14.9)ng/μl, (5.9 ± 9.5)ng/μl and (105.3 ±
75.0)ng/μl respectively. Meanwhile the mean DNA
ratio at A260/A280 for cytobrush, “swish”, saliva and
WBC were 2.3, 2.0, 1.7 and 1.8 respectively. Post hoc
test with Bonferroni correction suggested that DNA
yield from “swish” technique exhibited the least mean
different as compared to the DNA extracted from WBC
(p

Matched MeSH terms: Mouth Mucosa

Influence of Monsoon on the Distribution of Organic Carbon in Inner Continental Shelf Core Sediments, South China Sea, Malaysia

Pang Swee Yun, Juriffah Ariffin, Norhayati Mohd Tahir, Hii Yii Siang

Sains Malaysiana, 2015;44:941-945.

Three short sediment cores (12-32 cm) from South China Sea off Southern Terengganu were collected during May (postNortheast monsoon) and September (pre-Northeast monsoon) 2007. The concentration of total organic carbon (TOC) obtained ranged from 0.41-2.23 and 0.38-2.31% during post and pre-monsoon, respectively. TOC concentration was found to decrease with depth and distance from the coast and river mouth. In particular, station with close proximity to the coast exhibits most pronounced variation of TOC with depth. Besides spatial variation, it is noted that the seasonal variations also considerably affect the distribution and concentrations of TOC, where both near and offshore sampling stations showed significant variations in TOC content during May and September sampling. These findings suggest the importance of terrestrial organic carbon flux, physical mixing and seasonal variations in regulating the concentration and distribution of the organic carbon in the study area.

Matched MeSH terms: Mouth

Polymicrobial interactions of Candida albicans and its role in oral carcinogenesis

Arzmi MH, Dashper S, McCullough M

J Oral Pathol Med, 2019 Aug;48(7):546-551.

PMID: 31183906 DOI: 10.1111/jop.12905

The oral microbiome is composed of microorganisms residing in the oral cavity, which are critical components of health and disease. Disruption of the oral microbiome has been proven to influence the course of oral diseases, especially among immunocompromised patients. Oral microbiome is comprised of inter-kingdom microorganisms, including yeasts such as Candida albicans, bacteria, archaea and viruses. These microorganisms can interact synergistically, mutualistically and antagonistically, wherein the sum of these interactions dictates the composition of the oral microbiome. For instance, polymicrobial interactions can improve the ability of C albicans to form biofilm, which subsequently increases the colonisation of oral mucosa by the yeast. Polymicrobial interactions of C albicans with other members of the oral microbiome have been reported to enhance the malignant phenotype of oral cancer cells, such as the attachment to extracellular matrix molecules (ECM) and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Polymicrobial interactions may also exacerbate an inflammatory response in oral epithelial cells, which may play a role in carcinogenesis. This review focuses on the role of polymicrobial interactions between C albicans and other oral microorganisms, including its role in promoting oral carcinogenesis.

Matched MeSH terms: Mouth

Increasing Reproducibility in Oral Microbiome Research

Gopinath D, Menon RK

Methods Mol Biol, 2021;2327:1-15.

PMID: 34410636 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1518-8_1

Evidence on the role of the oral microbiome in health and disease is changing the way we understand, diagnose, and treat ailments. Numerous studies on diseases affecting the oral cavity have revealed a large amount of data that is invaluable for the advancements in diagnosing and treating these diseases. However, the clinical translation of most of these exploratory data is stalled by variable methodology between studies and non-uniform reporting of the data.Understanding the key areas that are gateways to bias in microbiome studies is imperative to overcome this challenge faced by oral microbiome research. Bias can be multifactorial and may be introduced in a microbiome research study during the formulation of the study design, sample collection and storage, or the sample processing protocols before sequencing. This chapter summarizes the recommendations from literature to eliminate bias in the microbiome research studies and to ensure the reproducibility of the microbiome research data.

Matched MeSH terms: Mouth

Oral probiotic and its delivery carriers to improve oral health: A review

How YH, Yeo SK

Microbiology (Reading), 2021 08;167(8).

PMID: 34351255 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.001076

In recent years, oral probiotics have been researched on their effectiveness in reducing and preventing oral diseases. Oral probiotics could be introduced into the oral cavity to keep the equilibrium of the microbiome. Hence, the delivery carrier for oral probiotics plays an important factor to ensure a high number of oral probiotics were delivered and released into the oral cavity. This review presents a brief overview of oral microbiota and the role of oral probiotics in reducing oral diseases. Moreover, important aspects of the oral probiotic product such as viability, adherence ability, health effects, safety, and delivery site were discussed. Besides that, the importance of utilizing indigenous oral probiotics was also emphasized. Oral probiotics are commonly found in the market in the form of chewing tablets, lozenges, and capsules. Hence, the oral probiotic carriers currently used in the market and research were reviewed. Furthermore, this review introduces new potential oral probiotic delivery carriers such as oral strip, bucco-adhesive gel, and mouthwash. Their effectiveness in delivering oral probiotics for oral health was also explored.

Matched MeSH terms: Mouth

Profiling cancer risk in oral potentially malignant disorders-A patient cohort study

Thomson PJ, Goodson ML, Smith DR

J Oral Pathol Med, 2017 Nov;46(10):888-895.

PMID: 28833670 DOI: 10.1111/jop.12625

BACKGROUND: Oral potentially malignant disorders harbour variable and unpredictable risk for squamous carcinoma development. Whilst current management strategies utilise histopathological diagnoses, dysplasia grading and targeted intervention for "high-risk" lesions, clinicians are unable to predict malignant potential.

METHODS: Detailed, retrospective clinico-pathological analysis of potentially malignant lesions undergoing malignant transformation, from a 590 patient cohort treated by interventional laser surgery and followed for a mean of 7.3 years, was undertaken. Clinical outcome was documented at study census date (31 December 2014).

RESULTS: A total of 99 patients (16.8%) developed cancer: 71 (12%) seen "unexpectedly" upon excision and 28 (4.8%) progressing to malignancy at a median of 87.3 months post-surgery. Thirty "unexpected" excisions were micro-invasive (42.3%) arising primarily in severely dysplastic precursors (75%) at ventro-lateral tongue and floor of mouth sites (54.5%); 1 patient (1.4%) had a cancer-related death, whilst 58 (81.7%) were disease free. A total of 19 of 28 "progressive" cancers (67.9%) arose at new sites, with erythroleukoplakia a significant predictor of malignancy (P = .0019). Nine (32.1%) developed at the same precursor site, with 6 (77.7%) on the ventro-lateral tongue and floor of mouth. Three (10.7%) were micro-invasive, 9 patients (32.1%) died from metastatic disease and 12 (42.9%) were disease free (P < .001).

CONCLUSION: Squamous carcinoma may arise at the site of a precursor lesion as transformation or new-site development via field cancerisation. Whilst interventional surgery facilitates early diagnosis and treatment of occult disease, thus reducing risk from same-site transformation, new-site cancer is a significant long-term risk for patients with potentially malignant disorder.

Matched MeSH terms: Mouth Diseases/pathology*; Mouth Neoplasms/pathology*

Squamous-cell carcinoma of the mouth

Chaubal TV, Bapat RA

N Engl J Med, 2017 Sep 21;377(12):1188.

PMID: 28930502 DOI: 10.1056/NEJMicm1701886

Matched MeSH terms: Mouth Diseases

Fulltext Massive airway myiasis: an extreme rarity

Teah MK, Chu YM, Shanmuganathan SD, Yeap TB

BMJ Case Rep, 2020 Dec 09;13(12).

PMID: 33298493 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2020-237764

Intubations are important live saving skills to maintain adequate ventilation and oxygenation. Common indications include impending upper airway obstruction, respiratory failure and impaired conscious level. Oral myiasis is an infrequently found disease which is characterised by ectoparasitic infestation of body tissues by fly maggots.We present a case report and share valuable experiences on a patient with massive airway myiasis causing upper airway obstruction which require emergency intubation.

Matched MeSH terms: Mouth Diseases/diagnosis*; Mouth Diseases/parasitology*; Mouth Diseases/therapy

Fulltext Bilateral isolated mylohyoid groove fracture progressing as submandibular abscess: an usual fracture pattern of mandible

Rajaran JR, Nazimi AJ

BMJ Case Rep, 2021 Mar 17;14(3).

PMID: 33731407 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2020-239542

The mylohyoid ridges or lines are pairs of anatomical bony structures located on the internal or lingual surface of mandible. They are the origin for the mylohyoid muscle. These bony structures are distinct in the mandibular molar region, well protected and gradually become undiscernible towards anterior mandible. Bilateral, isolated fracture of the mylohyoid ridges without concomitant mandibular fracture is rare and, to the best of the authors knowledge, was never previously described. This case report describes an isolated bilateral mylohyoid groove fracture, where one side of a necrotic bone fragment at the fracture site progress to became a nidus of infection, which later caused submandibular space abscess requiring emergency surgical intervention. Diagnosis, possible theory to explain the occurrence of isolated mylohyoid groove fracture and management of these condition are explained in this report.

Matched MeSH terms: Mouth Floor

Fulltext Analysis of Facial Occlusion Challenge in Thermal Images for Human Affective State Recognition

Al Qudah M, Mohamed A, Lutfi S

Sensors (Basel), 2023 Mar 27;23(7).

PMID: 37050571 DOI: 10.3390/s23073513

Several studies have been conducted using both visual and thermal facial images to identify human affective states. Despite the advantages of thermal facial images in recognizing spontaneous human affects, few studies have focused on facial occlusion challenges in thermal images, particularly eyeglasses and facial hair occlusion. As a result, three classification models are proposed in this paper to address the problem of thermal occlusion in facial images, with six basic spontaneous emotions being classified. The first proposed model in this paper is based on six main facial regions, including the forehead, tip of the nose, cheeks, mouth, and chin. The second model deconstructs the six main facial regions into multiple subregions to investigate the efficacy of subregions in recognizing the human affective state. The third proposed model in this paper uses selected facial subregions, free of eyeglasses and facial hair (beard, mustaches). Nine statistical features on apex and onset thermal images are implemented. Furthermore, four feature selection techniques with two classification algorithms are proposed for a further investigation. According to the comparative analysis presented in this paper, the results obtained from the three proposed modalities were promising and comparable to those of other studies.

Matched MeSH terms: Mouth

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