Displaying publications 1281 - 1300 of 4581 in total

Abstract:
Sort:
  1. Loo JM, Shi Y, Pu X
    J Gambl Stud, 2016 Jun;32(2):391-407.
    PMID: 26337063 DOI: 10.1007/s10899-015-9569-3
    The investigation of the interface between psychological constructs, compulsive consumption of alcohol and pathological gambling is an important avenue for development of future initiatives in social marketing or prevention programs. This cross-cultural study attempts to bridge the gap in literature by providing an evaluation of the predictive ability of psychological variables such as gambling urge, gambling-related erroneous cognitions and comorbid alcohol consumption on pathological gambling behaviour and its impact on overall quality of life indicators. Participants consist of 445 Macao and Australian young adults (Mean age = 23 years). Results indicate that probable pathological gamblers as compared with non-gamblers reported significantly lower quality of life in all domains-physical health, psychological well-being, social relationships and environment. Adults who drank more alcohol and have stronger erroneous cognitions evidenced higher pathological gambling behavior. Our research model fits both cohorts and interestingly, erroneous gambling-related cognitions serve as a full mediator for the predictive relationship between gambling urge and pathological gambling in the Macao sample, but serve as a partial mediator in the Australian sample. Targeting erroneous cognitions in future social marketing or preventive campaigns should demonstrate to be an important strategy in reducing the effects of urge to gamble among at-risk individuals. Further implications for the industry, marketing and governmental strategies are discussed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
  2. Tan MM, Chan CK, Reidpath DD
    J Behav Med, 2016 08;39(4):675-86.
    PMID: 27010212 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-016-9736-8
    Religion has been shown to be salutary on health, and a possible link between religion and positive health outcomes is diet. Research has shown that religiosity is associated with better diet but most studies were conducted in a multi-denominational context, which might be confounded with theological differences. This study examined the relationship between religiosity and diet within a homogenous group of believers. Data from survey of 574 Seventh-Day Adventists residing in West Malaysia, aged 18-80, were analyzed using multiple regressions. While none of the religious variables were significantly associated with fruit and vegetable intake, a higher level of religiosity was associated with a better dietary habit and vegetarian status. The mixed relationship between religiosity and diet suggest that further research is needed to explore how religion might influence the diet of adherents.
    Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
  3. Yong YV, Shafie AA
    J Asthma, 2016 10;53(8):835-42.
    PMID: 27049693 DOI: 10.3109/02770903.2016.1156694
    OBJECTIVES: To develop and test the feasibility and validity of a computer-based utility assessment tool that used standard gamble (SG) method for measuring asthma-specific health utilities.

    METHODS: A computer-based SG (CBSG) tool was developed using Microsoft® PowerPoint 2007 to value asthma-specific health states in Malaysia. Eight hypothetical health states were considered, including two anchor states (healthy and dead), three chronic (C) states and three temporary (T) states (each numbered 1 through 3, with increasing severity) in addition to the subject's current health state. Twenty adult asthma patients completed the CBSG tool in addition to paper-based Asthma Control Test, three health status measures (EQ-5D, EQ-VAS, and Mini Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (MiniAQLQ)), and VAS utility assessment tool. Patients and interviewers rated the difficulty of the VAS and CBSG tools. Correlations between current health state values derived from the various measures were determined.

    RESULTS: The SG and the VAS received similar difficulty ratings. 17 patients completed the CBSG tool within 30 minutes. The mean utilities determined by the CBSG tool for the T1-T3 asthma health states met the expected logical order of 1>2>3, but those for the C1-C3 states did not. Correlation between current health state values derived from the CBSG tool and other measurement tools was poor.

    CONCLUSION: The CBSG tool developed for measuring utilities of asthma health states showed acceptable feasibility and overall validity.

    Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
  4. Dilokthornsakul P, Thoopputra T, Patanaprateep O, Kongsakon R, Chaiyakunapruk N
    SAGE Open Med, 2016;4:2050312116637026.
    PMID: 27026801 DOI: 10.1177/2050312116637026
    BACKGROUND: This study was conducted to determine the impacts of medication adherence on hospitalization and direct healthcare cost in patients with schizophrenia in Thailand.
    METHODS: A retrospective study was undertaken. Patients with schizophrenia aged 18-65 years who visited a University hospital and received antipsychotics from April 2011 to October 2011 were included. Propensity score-adjusted logistic regression was used to determine the impacts of medication adherence on schizophrenia-related and all-cause hospitalizations.
    RESULTS: A total of 582 patients were included. Three out of 224 patients (1.3%) were hospitalized with schizophrenia in optimal adherence group, while 10 of 140 (7.1%) were hospitalized in under-adherence group, and 7 of 218 (3.2%) were hospitalized in over-adherence group. Based on propensity score-adjusted multivariate logistic regression, the adjusted odds ratio was 5.86 (95% confidence interval = 1.53-22.50) for schizophrenia-related hospitalization and 8.04 (95% confidence interval = 2.20-29.40) for all-cause hospitalization. The average annual direct healthcare costs in patients with optimal adherence, under-adherence, and over-adherence were US$371 ± US$836, US$386 ± US$734, and US$508 ± US$2168, respectively.
    CONCLUSION: An initiation of interventions to maintain optimal adherence in patients with schizophrenia would significantly impact the healthcare system.
    KEYWORDS: Adherence; antipsychotics; cost; hospitalization
    Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
  5. Jin H, Friedman MR, Lim SH, Guadamuz TE, Wei C
    LGBT Health, 2016 Dec;3(6):465-471.
    PMID: 26982598
    PURPOSE: Men who have sex with men and are sex workers (MSMSW) are disproportionately affected by the growing and emerging HIV epidemic. As sex work and same-sex behavior are heavily stigmatized and often illegal in most Asian countries, HIV research focusing on MSMSW has been limited. The goal of this analysis is to examine HIV testing practices and identify correlates of HIV testing among MSMSW in Asia.

    METHODS: The Asia Internet MSM Sex Survey, an online cross-sectional survey of 10,861 men who have sex with men (MSM), was conducted in 2010. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, HIV testing behaviors, and sexual behaviors were collected. Five hundred and seventy-four HIV-negative/unknown respondents reported receiving payment for sex with men at least once in the past 6 months and were included in this analysis. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to identify independent correlates of HIV testing in the past year.

    RESULTS: About half (48.6%) of the participants had been tested for HIV at least once within the past year, and 30.5% had never been tested. We also found that MSMSW participants who engaged in risky behaviors were less likely to be tested.

    CONCLUSION: While one might expect a high HIV testing rate among MSMSW due to the risks associated with engaging in sex work, we found that HIV testing uptake is suboptimal among MSMSW in Asia. These results suggest that targeted HIV prevention and testing promotion among MSMSW are needed.

    Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
  6. Jalaei B, Shaabani M, Zakaria MN
    Braz J Otorhinolaryngol, 2017 Jan-Feb;83(1):10-15.
    PMID: 27102175 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2015.12.005
    INTRODUCTION: The performance of auditory steady state response (ASSR) in threshold testing when recorded ipsilaterally and contralaterally, as well as at low and high modulation frequencies (MFs), has not been systematically studied.

    OBJECTIVE: To verify the influences of mode of recording (ipsilateral vs. contralateral) and modulation frequency (40Hz vs. 90Hz) on ASSR thresholds.

    METHODS: Fifteen female and 14 male subjects (aged 18-30 years) with normal hearing bilaterally were studied. Narrow-band CE-chirp(®) stimuli (centerd at 500, 1000, 2000, and 4000Hz) modulated at 40 and 90Hz MFs were presented to the participants' right ear. The ASSR thresholds were then recorded at each test frequency in both ipsilateral and contralateral channels.

    RESULTS: Due to pronounced interaction effects between mode of recording and MF (p<0.05 by two-way repeated measures ANOVA), mean ASSR thresholds were then compared among four conditions (ipsi-40Hz, ipsi-90Hz, contra-40Hz, and contra-90Hz) using one-way repeated measures ANOVA. At the 500 and 1000Hz test frequencies, contra-40Hz condition produced the lowest mean ASSR thresholds. In contrast, at high frequencies (2000 and 4000Hz), ipsi-90Hz condition revealed the lowest mean ASSR thresholds. At most test frequencies, contra-90Hz produced the highest mean ASSR thresholds.

    CONCLUSIONS: Based on the findings, the present study recommends two different protocols for an optimum threshold testing with ASSR, at least when testing young adults. This includes the use of contra-40Hz recording mode due to its promising performance in hearing threshold estimation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
  7. Zahari Z, Lee CS, Ibrahim MA, Musa N, Mohd Yasin MA, Lee YY, et al.
    J Pharm Pharm Sci, 2016;19(1):127-36.
    PMID: 27096697 DOI: 10.18433/J3NS49
    PURPOSE: This study compared pain sensitivity among opioid dependent patients on methadone maintenance therapy (MMT) and opioid naive subjects.

    METHODS: The three hundred participants comprised 152 opioid naive subjects and 148 opioid dependent patients. Opioid naive subjects had not taken any opioids including morphine and methadone to their best knowledge and were presumed so after two consecutive negative urine screenings for drugs. All opioid dependent patients were stabilized in treatment, defined as having been enrolled in the program for more than one month with no change of methadone dosage over the past one month. Excluded from the study were individuals with chronic or ongoing acute pain and individuals with a history of analgesics ingestion within 3 d before the cold pressor test (CPT). Pain tolerance to CPT was evaluated at 0 h, and at 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 h post-methadone dose.

    RESULTS: Patients exhibited a significantly shorter mean pain tolerance time of 34.17 s (95% CI 24.86, 43.49) versus 61.36 (52.23, 70.48) [p < 0.001] compared with opioid naive subjects. Time-dependent mean pain tolerance was also significantly different when naive subjects were compared to patients (p = 0.016).

    CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed hyperalgesia amongst patients on MMT, as manifested by their quicker hand withdrawal. The complaints of pain in this population should not be underestimated and the pain should be evaluated seriously and managed aggressively.

    Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
  8. Teng CL, Lim WY, Chua CZ, Teo RS, Lin KT, Yeo JC
    Aust Fam Physician, 2016;45(1):65-8.
    PMID: 27051992
    BACKGROUD: Previous studies have shown that the blood pressure elevating effect of acute caffeine consumption was variable because of the heterogeneity of study participants, dosage of caffeine and study designs.
    OBJECTIVE: This research aimed to examine the effect of a single cup of coffee on the blood pressure of young adults.
    METHODS: Normotensive adults were randomised to receive either a cup of caffeinated drink (intervention group) or a cup of decaffeinated drink (control group). The main outcome measure was mean change in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) between intervention and control groups.
    RESULTS: Enrolled participants (n = 104) were randomly assigned to the intervention group (n = 53) or the control group (n = 51). The mean differences in SBP and DBP of the two groups were +2.77 mmHg (P = 0.05) and +2.11 mmHg (P = 0.64), respectively. Therefore, the rise in both SBP and DBP after caffeine consumption was not statistically significant.
    DISCUSSION: Our study confirmed that drinking a single cup of coffee (containing 80 mg of caffeine) does not have a significant impact on the blood pressure of healthy normotensive young adults one hour after the drink.
    Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
  9. Beevi Z, Low WY, Hassan J
    Am J Clin Hypn, 2016 Apr;58(4):368-82.
    PMID: 27003486 DOI: 10.1080/00029157.2015.1063476
    Physical symptoms (e.g., vomiting) and psychological symptoms (stress, anxiety, and depression) during pregnancy are common. Various strategies such as hypnosis are available to reduce these symptoms. The objective of the authors in this study is to investigate the impact of a hypnosis intervention in reducing physical and psychological symptoms during pregnancy. A pre-test/post-test quasi-experimental design was employed in this study. The hypnosis intervention was given to the experimental group participants at weeks 16 (baseline), 20 (time point 1), 28 (time point 2), and 36 (time point 3) of their pregnancy. Participants in the control group received only the traditional antenatal care. Participants from both groups completed the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) and a Pregnancy Symptoms Checklist at weeks 16, 20, 28 and 36 of pregnancy. Results indicated that stress and anxiety symptoms were significantly reduced for the experimental group, but not for the control group. Although mean differences for the depressive symptoms were not significant, the experimental group had lower symptoms at time point 3. The physical symptoms' results showed significant group differences at time point 3, indicating a reduction in the experience of physical symptoms for the experimental group participants. Our study showed that hypnosis intervention during pregnancy aided in reducing physical and psychological symptoms during pregnancy.
    Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
  10. El Kishawi RR, Soo KL, Abed YA, Wan Muda WA
    PLoS One, 2016;11(3):e0151494.
    PMID: 26990551 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151494
    BACKGROUND: In many developing countries nutritional, and epidemiological transitions are emerging into continuing undernutrition and escalating overnutrition, giving rise to the double burden of the malnutrition phenomenon.

    OBJECTIVES: This study aims to determine the prevalence of the dual form of malnutrition (overweight mother/underweight child) in the same household and its associated factors in the Gaza Strip.

    METHODS: A total of 357 mother-child pairs from the same households were surveyed from three different geographical locations in the Gaza Strip, namely, El Remal urban area, Jabalia refugee camp, and Al Qarara rural area. The height and weight of mothers aged 18-50 years were measured, and their body mass index (BMI) was computed. The mothers were categorized according to the criterion of the World Health Organization (WHO) for BMI as overweight if they have a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2. Anthropometric indices were measured for children aged two to five years to classify the underweight children Z-score

    Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
  11. Chow LS, Rajagopal H, Paramesran R, Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
    Magn Reson Imaging, 2016 07;34(6):820-831.
    PMID: 26969762 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2016.03.006
    Medical Image Quality Assessment (IQA) plays an important role in assisting and evaluating the development of any new hardware, imaging sequences, pre-processing or post-processing algorithms. We have performed a quantitative analysis of the correlation between subjective and objective Full Reference - IQA (FR-IQA) on Magnetic Resonance (MR) images of the human brain, spine, knee and abdomen. We have created a MR image database that consists of 25 original reference images and 750 distorted images. The reference images were distorted with six types of distortions: Rician Noise, Gaussian White Noise, Gaussian Blur, DCT compression, JPEG compression and JPEG2000 compression, at various levels of distortion. Twenty eight subjects were chosen to evaluate the images resulting in a total of 21,700 human evaluations. The raw scores were then converted to Difference Mean Opinion Score (DMOS). Thirteen objective FR-IQA metrics were used to determine the validity of the subjective DMOS. The results indicate a high correlation between the subjective and objective assessment of the MR images. The Noise Quality Measurement (NQM) has the highest correlation with DMOS, where the mean Pearson Linear Correlation Coefficient (PLCC) and Spearman Rank Order Correlation Coefficient (SROCC) are 0.936 and 0.938 respectively. The Universal Quality Index (UQI) has the lowest correlation with DMOS, where the mean PLCC and SROCC are 0.807 and 0.815 respectively. Student's T-test was used to find the difference in performance of FR-IQA across different types of distortion. The superior IQAs tested statistically are UQI for Rician noise images, Visual Information Fidelity (VIF) for Gaussian blur images, NQM for both DCT and JPEG compressed images, Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) for JPEG2000 compressed images.
    Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
  12. Rahim MJ, Ghazali WS
    BMJ Case Rep, 2016 Mar 11;2016.
    PMID: 26969352 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2015-213171
    We report a case of a 19-year-old immunocompetent Malay woman who presented with a worsening psychotic disorder of 1-year duration. She initially presented with social isolation with subsequent mutism and stupor. Physical examination revealed a stuporous, emaciated, dehydrated woman with Glasgow Coma Scale of 11/15 (E4V2M5). She had a blank stare, mutism and akinesia. Motor examination revealed upper motor neuron findings. Neck stiffness was present, however, Kernig's and Brudzinski's signs were negative. There were no other findings on other systems. Brain imaging and EEG were normal. Cerebrospinal fluid investigations revealed positive cerebrospinal fluid Mycobacterium tuberculosis PCR (MTB PCR). The patient was treated with empirical antituberculosis drugs and steroids. On follow-up visit 1 month later, her psychotic symptoms had fully resolved. She was able to ambulate and care for herself; she was unable to recall the symptoms she had experienced before and during admission.
    Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
  13. Wong LP, Mohamad Shakir SM, Alias H, Aghamohammadi N, Hoe VC
    J Community Health, 2016 Dec;41(6):1101-1109.
    PMID: 27147418 DOI: 10.1007/s10900-016-0196-4
    The rapidly increasing uptake of e-cigarettes in Malaysia as of late demands a study to identify factors leading to its increased popularity and user intentions to quit smoking e-cigarettes. A convenience sample of e-cigarette smokers visiting e-cigarette retail shops in Selangor and Kuala Lumpur was recruited. The majority of e-cigarette smokers were youth in colleges or universities (39 %), and young professionals and managers (36 %). The main reasons for using e-cigarettes were to help the user quit tobacco cigarettes (88 %), the perception that e-cigarettes are not as intrusive as tobacco cigarettes (85 %) and can be used in public areas (70 %), the perception that e-cigarettes are healthier than tobacco cigarettes (85 %), and its relatively lower cost compared to tobacco cigarettes (65 %). A total of 65.3 % of respondents expressed intentions to quit e-cigarettes. In a multivariate analysis, the respondents who earned monthly income of RM1000 or less were significantly more likely to intend to quit smoking e-cigarettes [OR 1.551; 95 % CI 1.022-2.355; p = 0.015] compared to the respondents who earned a monthly income of more than RM2000. The respondents who disagreed with the statement 'Smoking e-cigs is relatively cheaper compared to tobacco cigarettes' were significantly more likely to intend to quit smoking e-cigarettes [OR 1.548; 95 % CI 1.045-2.293; p = 0.027] compared to respondents who did not agree. e-cigarette preventive interventions should target areas related to the identified main reasons for using e-cigarettes, namely as an aid for quitting tobacco cigarettes, the perception that e-cigarettes are not as intrusive as tobacco cigarettes and can be used in public areas, the idea that e-cigarettes are healthier than tobacco cigarettes, and its relatively lower cost compared to tobacco cigarettes.
    Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
  14. Kristanto T, Chen WS, Thoo YY
    Eat Behav, 2016 08;22:96-100.
    PMID: 27131097 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2016.03.029
    This study examined the prevalence of academic burnout and the relationship between academic burnout and eating disorder among Monash university students for a period of one year. One hundred and thirty-two participants were recruited for the study via advertisement. They were invited to complete three instruments, namely Demographic Questionnaire, Maslach Burnout Inventory - Student Survey (MBI-SS) and Three Factor Eating Questionnaire-Revised 18-item (TFEQ-18). In addition, anthropometric measurements such as weight, height, body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage and waist circumference were taken. All data were collected at baseline and after 6-8weeks. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Kruskal-Wallis and Bonferroni pairwise comparison tests were performed using Stata version 13. The prevalence of academic burnout after 6-8weeks was revealed to be 17.4% and 73.5% respectively for moderate and high level of academic burnout respectively. Emotional eating (EEat) scores were significantly different over levels of academic burnout after 6-8weeks (p=0.0103) while no significant differences was observed in other subscales such as cognitive restraint (CR) and uncontrolled eating (UE). These findings evidenced partial associations between academic burnout and eating disorder.
    Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
  15. Hossain M, Mani KK, Mohd Sidik S, Kadir Shahar H
    Acta Paediatr, 2016 Aug;105(8):e373-8.
    PMID: 27111395 DOI: 10.1111/apa.13447
    AIM: There are an estimated 372 000 worldwide deaths by drowning every year, and it has been described as a secret epidemic in Bangladesh. The aim of this study was to develop an intervention package to prevent children under the age of five from drowning in rural Bangladesh.

    METHODS: This was a qualitative study using focus group discussions in three villages in rural Bangladesh. The 45 participants were mothers and fathers with children under five, the parents of children who had drowned and community leaders.

    RESULTS: The majority of the participants (71%) were male. The focus groups revealed that most drowning's occurred between 11am and 2pm and that risk factors included the following: children not being able to swim, ditches that were not filled in, lack of medical facilities, parents who were not aware of childhood drowning and lack of information through the media about how to prevent of childhood drowning. Suggestions included using a mobile-based short messaging service or voice calls to parents, especially mothers, could increase awareness and reduce the risk of childhood drowning.

    CONCLUSION: A safety education programme could be effective in increasing knowledge and changing attitudes, which could prevent drowning among children in Bangladesh.

    Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
  16. Yick YY, Buratto LG, Schaefer A
    Neuroreport, 2016 08 03;27(11):864-8.
    PMID: 27295027 DOI: 10.1097/WNR.0000000000000628
    Here, we report evidence that electrophysiological neural activity preceding the onset of emotional pictures can predict whether they will be remembered or forgotten 24 h later, whereas the same effect was not observed for neutral pictures. In contrast to previous research, we observed this effect using a paradigm in which participants could not predict the emotional or the neutral content of the pictures before their onset. These effects were obtained alongside significant behavioural effects of superior recognition memory for emotional compared with neutral items. These findings suggest that the preferential encoding of emotional events in memory is determined by fluctuations in the availability of processing resources just before event onset. This explanation argues in favour of mediational models of emotional memory, which contend that emotional information is preferentially encoded because it mobilizes a greater amount of processing resources than neutral information.
    Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
  17. Saniasiaya J, Nik Othman NA, Mohamad Pakarul Razy NH
    Braz J Otorhinolaryngol, 2016 05 24;86(1):130-132.
    PMID: 27269254 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2016.04.012
    Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
  18. Shamsuddin AM, Chen YC, Wong AR, Le TP, Anderson RH, Corno AF
    Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg, 2016 Aug;23(2):231-4.
    PMID: 27170744 DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivw129
    OBJECTIVES: Doubly committed ventricular septal defects (VSDs) account for up to almost one-third of isolated ventricular septal defects in Asian countries, compared with only 1/20th in western populations. In our surgical experience, this type of defect accounted for almost three-quarters of our practice. To date, patch closure has been considered the gold standard for surgical treatment of these lesions. Our objectives are to evaluate the indications and examine the outcomes of surgery for doubly committed VSDs.

    METHODS: Between October 2013, when our service of paediatric cardiac surgery was opened, and December 2014, 24 patients were referred for surgical closure of VSDs. Among them, 17 patients (71%), with the median age of 6 years, ranging from 2 to 9 years, and with a median body weight of 19 kg, ranging from 11 to 56 kg, underwent surgical repair for doubly committed defects. In terms of size, the defect was considered moderate in 4 and large in 13. Aortic valvular regurgitation (AoVR) was present in 11 patients (65%) preoperatively, with associated malformations found in 14 (82%), with 5 patients (29%) having two or more associated defects.

    RESULTS: After surgery, there was trivial residual shunting in 2 patients (12%). AoVR persisted in 6 (35%), reducing to trivial in 5 (29%) and mild in 1 (6%). Mean stays in the intensive care unit and hospital were 2.6 ± 1.2 days, ranging from 2 to 7 days, and 6.8 ± 0.8 days, ranging from 6 to 9 days, respectively. The mean follow-up was 14 ± 4 months, ranging from 6 to 20 months, with no early or late deaths and without clinical deterioration.

    CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of doubly committed lesions is high in our experience, frequently associated with AoVR and other associated malformation. Early detection is crucial to prevent further progression of the disease. Patch closure remains the gold standard in management, not least since it allows simultaneous repair of associated intracardiac defects.

    Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
  19. Chin KY, Wan Ngah WZ, Ima-Nirwana S
    PMID: 27231930 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13060531
    Male osteoporosis in Malaysia is a largely neglected problem. Therefore, a bone health study in men using quantitative ultrasonometry was launched as part of the Malaysian Aging Men Study in 2009-2012. This review aimed to summarize the findings of the aforementioned bone health study. The study examined the bone health of Chinese and Malaysian men aged 20 years and above living in Kuala Lumpur using a quantitative ultrasound device. Participants answered a questionnaire on their demographic details and physical activity status. Body anthropometry of the participants was measured and their blood collected for biochemical analysis. Results showed that a significant proportion of the Malaysian Chinese and Malay men had suboptimal bone health indicated by calcaneal speed of sound and vitamin D status. Age-related decline of the calcaneal speed of sound in these men was gradual and biphasic without ethnic difference. Body anthropometry such as height, weight, body mass index, and body fat percentage contributed to the variation of the calcaneal speed of sound in Malaysian men. Age-related changes in testosterone, insulin-like growth factor 1, and thyroid stimulating hormone also influenced the calcaneal speed of sound in these men. This study serves as a reminder that male osteoporosis in Malaysia should be an issue of concern. It is also a basis for a more comprehensive study on bone health in men in the future.
    Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
  20. Yong HY, Mohd Shariff Z, Koo SJ, Binti Sa'ari NS
    J Obstet Gynaecol Res, 2016 Sep;42(9):1094-101.
    PMID: 27226139 DOI: 10.1111/jog.13039
    AIM: Both inadequate and excessive weight gain during pregnancy can have immediate and long-term health risks for women and infants. This study investigated rate of gestational weight gain (GWG) and its associated factors in Malaysian pregnant women.
    METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted at maternal and child health clinics in Selangor and Negeri Sembilan between November 2010 and April 2012. A pre-tested questionnaire was used to obtain sociodemographic, obstetric, dietary intake and physical activity information. Current weight and height were measured using standard procedures. GWG rate was calculated as the average weekly weight gain in that particular trimester of pregnancy and further categorized according to the Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommendations.
    RESULTS: Mean GWG rate for all pre-pregnancy BMI categories in the second and third trimesters was higher than the IOM recommendations. Overweight women (adjusted OR, 4.26; 95%CI: 1.92-9.44) and women <153 cm tall (adjusted OR, 1.96; 95%CI: 1.21-3.18) tend to have inadequate GWG rate. Women with high pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI; ≥25.0 kg/m(2) ; overweight: adjusted OR, 3.88; 95%CI: 2.12-7.09; obese: adjusted OR, 2.34; 95%CI: 1.28-4.29) and low physical activity (adjusted OR, 1.74; 95%CI: 0.77-3.97) were two-threefold more likely to have excessive GWG.
    CONCLUSION: Both inadequate and excessive GWG can have detrimental effects on the health of mothers and infants. Pre-pregnancy BMI, height and physical activity should be emphasized in prenatal care to ensure that women have adequate GWG rate.
    Study site: maternal and child health clinics (Klinik Kesihatan), Selangor and Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
    Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
Filters
Contact Us

Please provide feedback to Administrator (afdal@afpm.org.my)

External Links