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Photodentistry - an innovative approach to improving students' empathy and learning experiences in comprehensive patient care

Ahmad MS, Radhi DSM, Rusle FF, Zul MF, Jalaluddin J, Baharuddin IH

J Dent Educ, 2020 Nov;84(11):1219-1229.
PMID: 32645212 DOI: 10.1002/jdd.12295

OBJECTIVES: Preparing future dental school graduates to provide comprehensive patient care with empathy requires the completion of adequate training in such practice. This study was undertaken to investigate the effectiveness of the Photodentistry learning activity, which uses visual arts, in improving dental students' empathy and learning experience in comprehensive patient care.
METHODS: All fourth-year undergraduate dental students (n = 69, response rate = 100%) participated in the Photodentistry learning activity developed by specialists from the areas of dentistry, arts, education, and psychology. A survey using the Toronto Empathy Questionnaire (TEQ) was conducted both pretest and posttest, followed by an open-ended written survey of their reflection towards the learning activity. Quantitative data were analyzed via paired t-test (P < 0.05), while qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis.
RESULTS: There was a significant increase in both students' total mean empathy score and the individual scores for 8 (out of 16) items of the TEQ after the learning activity. Students stated that they had an improved understanding of managing patients in a comprehensive manner (e.g., managing medically compromised patients, performing treatment planning, communication with patients who have special health care needs). Students also reported the development of skills (e.g., observation, critical thinking) and positive attitudes (e.g., empathy, responsibility) towards patients.
CONCLUSION: Photodentistry is an effective learning approach for improving dental students' empathy and learning experience in comprehensive patient care.
Fulltext PVC as a potential filter material for ionising radiation

Laila Kalidah Junet, Zafri Azran Abdul Majid, Muhammad Syahmi Che Othaman

International Journal of Allied Health Sciences, 2017;1(2):101-107.
MyJurnal

Aluminum (Al) is a standard material that has been used as a filter for ionising radiation however for polyvinyl chloride (PVC) there is no solid evidence to support but has been recommended. PVC has been selected as a potential filter material due to it is a long lasting constructing material and very durable, which can be used in a variety of application. The purpose of this study was to observe the effect of PVC on entrance surface dose (ESD) values as compare to the standard X-ray filter of Al. The effect of varying thickness of the materials and difference exposure settings were observed and compared to each other. From this study, the percentage difference for both PVC and Al thickness is less than ± 25.00 % shows that PVC has a potential to be used as one of the filter materials due to its ability to reduce the ESD value
Fulltext A review of Malaysian experience in tissue engineering research and development: an online database study using scopus

Muhammad Aa’zamuddin Ahmad Radzi, Nur Syamimi Mohd. Azharuddin, Abdulrezak Abdulahi Hashi, Azran Azhim, Munirah Sha’ban

International Journal of Allied Health Sciences, 2018;2(3):507-516.
MyJurnal

Tissue engineering (TE) research serves to overcome the major obstacles in organ transplantation. This paper summarizes the progress of TE in Malaysia. The online database of Elsevier’s SCOPUS was accessed. Publications related to TE from 1960 till 2017 were scrutinized. The results show an increasing trend in tissue engineering research and development in Malaysia. The search result identified and examined 264 original article publications. It is hoped that the outcomes of this study could serve as a point of reference for researchers on the status of TE research and development in Malaysia. The findings of this study could assist TE researchers in Malaysia to identify the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and obstacles towards further enhancement in their activities. Consolidating, realigning and re-strategizing those initiatives should also be seen within the context of nurturing potential and budding researchers in TE.
Fulltext Anatomical variations of thenar muscle of hand, among Cadavers In Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM)

Che Norma Mat Taib, Jegathis Prushothuman, Muhammad Adib Farhan Abdullah, Mohamad Aris, Mohd Moklas

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2019;15(107):86-86.
MyJurnal

Introduction: Detailed information of structural and functional anatomy of thenar muscle is very significant in order to improve diagnostic and various conditions of hand surgeries so that the function of hand movement can be re-stored and to prevent further iatrogenic injuries. Methods: In this study, fifty hands were dissected to determine the variation in each of the thenar muscle. Results: Only the abductor pollicis brevis showed significant findings. Normal formation of one belly in abductor pollicis brevis represented 72.0% (18) and 84.0% (21) for the left and right hands, respectively. Variations according to the number of belly of the abductor pollicis brevis were also observed. One of the variations is the absence of the abductor pollicis brevis, 4.0% (1) in the right hand. Two belly formations of abductor pollicis brevis were observed, 28.0% (7) and 12.0% (3) for left and right sides of hand respectively. Thus, more variations were observed to occur on the left hand (7) compared to the right hand (4). Many studies describe about the variations of each thenar muscle, but few literatures were found discussing on the association of thenar muscle variation with the sides of hand. Using the Fisher Exact Test, it showed that there was no significant associa-tion of variations in the thenar muscle in relation to the sides of hand. Conclusion: This study conclude that there is no consistency between variations of the thenar muscle in relation to the sides of hand. However, clinical awareness of these variations is important in the context of compartment syndrome, use of the aberrant structures as grafting material in reconstructive surgery and proper interpretation of imaging modalities.
Fulltext Does picky eating behavior exist in University students?

Nur Fadzlina Zulkefli, Muhammad Muzaffar Ali Khan Khattak, Wan Azdie Mohd Abu Bakar

International Journal of Allied Health Sciences, 2018;2(1):140-154.
MyJurnal

The aim of this study was to assess picky eating behavior existence among university students. This was an observational cross sectional study design. The sample size was calculated by using single proportion formula based on the adult prevalence of picky eating of 28.7 % which gives a sample of ~ 324 students. However, 407 students online registered to participate out which 403 students responded. A set of questionnaire was posted online. The questionnaire contained three sections which are demographic information, determinants of picky eating behavior and normal eating behaviors. Furthermore, the students were categorized as non-picky eating behavior, moderate picky eating behavior, and extreme picky eating behavior. The statistical analysis
carried out was mainly descriptive in order to determine the extent of picky eating behavior among the university students. Student t-test was used to find the differences between picky and non-picky eaters in terms of eating behaviors. Among the students possessing non picky eating behavior, moderate picky eating behavior and extreme picky eating behavior were 168 (41.69%), were 130(32.26%), 105(26.05%) respectively. On overall basis 235(58.31 %) of the students were having picky eating behavior. The present study revealed that picky eating behavior exists among the university students which need to be addressed.
Fulltext Foot problem and Foot care practices among diabetic patients in a primary care clinic, Kuala Lumpur

Nurjasmine Aida Jamani, Noor Azimah Muhammad, Aida Jaffar, Saharuddin Ahmad, Noorlaili Tohit

International Journal of Allied Health Sciences, 2018;2(3):435-444.
MyJurnal

Foot problems are very common in diabetic patients but may go unnoticed by the patients and
undiagnosed by the healthcare providers leading to substantial morbidity and amputations. The aims of this study were to assess patient’s foot care practices, awareness on their foot condition as well as to determine the prevalence of diabetic foot problem and its associated factors. Methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted among diabetic patients in a primary care clinic in Kuala Lumpur. Patients with diabetes, aged more than 18 years were selected using systematic random sampling technique. Patients were requested to answer a set of self-administered pre-tested questionnaire that obtain information on their socio-demographic profiles, diabetic clinical data, awareness on their feet condition and foot care practice. A trained clinician examined patients’ feet using a standard foot examination protocol. Results: A total of 166 patients with diabetes participated in this study. Nearly half of the patients (70, 42.2%) had diabetic foot problem but only 31 (18.7%) of them were aware of their foot condition. The three common problem were trophic changes of the skin (92.8%), followed with hair loss (71.1%) and callosity (65.7%). The independent associated factors for foot problem were increasing age (AOR=1.05, 95% CI 1.015-1.095; p
Fulltext Factors associated with occupational exposure to blood and body fluids among healthcare worker in a government hospital in Sabah

Che Wan Ilmiyah Ahmad, Raja Muhammad Raja Omar, Khamisah Awang Lukman

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2019;15(106):32-32.
MyJurnal

Introduction: Healthcare workers (HCWs) are exposed to occupational blood and body fluid exposure (OBBE) that potentially cause blood-borne infection such as HIV, Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C, with risk of transmission 0.3%, 6 to 30% and 0-10% respectively. They are exposed to these infections through percutaneous injury, splash exposure of blood and body fluids to mucous membrane and non-intact skin. Aim of this study was to determine prevalence and risk factors associated with occupational exposure of blood and body fluid in a tertiary government hospital in Sabah. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted involving 10 places, was chosen by stratified random sampling and involved various job categories (specialist, medical officer, house officer, nurse, hospital assistant and Sedafiat worker). Self-administered questionnaire used as study tool. The data was analysed by using SPSS version 22.0. Association of risk factors and OBBE incidence were determined by Chi-square test and simple logistic regression. Results: A total of 334 respondents involved in this study. Prevalence of OBBE was 25.2% with 95% CI of 20.6% to 30.2% and highest (41.3%) among HCWs working in medical ward. Nurses were less likely to have occupational exposure to blood and body fluids (Crude OR=0.33, 95% CI: 0.20, 0.57). Needle recapping (Crude OR=3.77, 95% CI: 1.99, 7.10) and never attend training in infection prevention (Crude OR=3.19, 95% CI: 1.69, 6.05) were associ-ated with higher odds of OBBE. There was 76.3% of respondents adhere to universal precaution. HCWs who did not work in shift (Crude OR=3.04, 95% CI: 1.49, 6.21) and non-nurses (Crude OR=2.04, 95% CI: 1.06, 3.92) profession had better adherence to universal precaution. Conclusion: Prevalence of OBBE was 25.2%. Modifiable risk factors for OBBE were identified including needle recapping and training on infection prevention. Shift work is associated with adherence to universal precaution. Adequate training, increasing knowledge and awareness may help to reduce OBBE burden.
Fulltext Needlestick injuries – incidence, contributing factors and costs on post exposure management at tertiary hospitals in Sabah

Tee Wen Li, Sahipuddin Saupin, Gridhari Nath, Muhammad Ubaidullah Arasy Aziz, Avinash Kumar Chand

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2019;15(106):12-12.
MyJurnal

Introduction: Needlestick injuries (NSIs) are common occupational hazards against healthcare workers (HCWs). NSIs led to serious economic burden as there were high costs forhealth system and the society, as well as the psycholog-ical impact on exposed workers post injury. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted to determine the incidence, contributing factors of NSIs and to estimate the cost of PEM in Sabah’s tertiary hospitals. Descriptive statis-tics were used to analyse and describe the trends of NSIs. Chi-Square test was performed to determine the association between variables, relative risk was calculated. Results: 145 cases out of 7075 employees were reported from 2017 to 2018. Results in this study showed that the highest incidence of NSIs was 2.4/100 employees in Hospital Queen Elizabeth. 1.1/100 employees in 2018, which was higher compared to year 2017. Most common among younger age group between 20-29 years old, among doctors, with median working experience of 2 years. NSIs occurred com-monly at the wards, during blood taking, disposal of devices and common device used were hypodermic needles. There was a lack of awareness on NSI precaution guidelines among the doctors (χ2=19.304, df=1, p=
Fulltext The expression of microrna-744 (Mir-744) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a preliminary study

Noor Syamila Othman, Wan Ishlah Leman, Kahairi Abdullah, Siti Aesah @ Naznin Muhammad, Mohd Arifin Kaderi

International Journal of Allied Health Sciences, 2018;2(1):191-203.
MyJurnal

The aim of this study was to investigate the level of miR-744 expression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) tumour tissue and to provide initial clue on its potential as biomarkers for early detection of NPC in a preliminary analysis. Total miRNAs was extracted from NPC tissue as well as normal nasopharynx tissue taken from Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan (HTAA), Kuantan and converted into cDNA. The level of miR-744 expression in the cDNA was quantified using quantitative reverse transcription polymserase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) technique. The expression level of SNORD48 was measured simultaneously for each sample, which served as endogenous control. The difference in the expression of miR-744 in NPC and normal nasopharynx tissue were analysed using relative quantification, 2-ΔΔCT. In this preliminary analysis, this study found that miR-744 was upregulated in NPC as compared to normal nasopharynx tissue by 2.5 fold changes, respectively suggesting it may involve in progression of tumour. However, the finding is not significant and may not accurately reflect the overall population, due to small sample size involved in the study. Findings from the current study suggest the potential of miR-744 to serve as useful diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in NPC.
Assessing quality of life using WHOQOL-BREF: A cross-sectional insight among patients on warfarin in Malaysia

Iqbal MS, Kassab YW, Al-Saikhan FI, Almalki ZS, Haseeb A, Iqbal MZ, et al.

Saudi Pharm J, 2020 Aug;28(8):936-942.
PMID: 32792838 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2020.06.014

Background and aim: The effect of anticoagulation control on overall Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) in patients taking warfarin in Malaysia has not been explored yet. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate HRQoL among patients on warfarin in Malaysia.
Methods: HRQoL among patients on warfarin was measured using WHOQOL-BREF (World Health Organization Quality of life Assessment: Brief Version). Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.
Results: Out of 319 patients, more female patients were observed than the males (n = 221, 69.3%, and n = 98, 30.7% respectively). Mean scores for the physical (61.14 ± 15.96), psychological (68.58 ± 16.11), social (63.55 ± 27.06) and environmental domains (62.78 ± 17.58) were observed. Statistically, a significant association was found between the comorbidities other than CVDs with health satisfaction (p = 0.002), physical (p = 0.001), psychological (p
Fulltext Does audit quality matters in Malaysian public sector auditing

Aida Hazlin Ismail, Natasha Muhammad Merejok, Muhamad Ridhuan Mat Dangi, Shukriah Saad

Journal of Academia Universiti Teknologi MARA Negeri Sembilan, 2019;7(101):102-116.
MyJurnal

Auditors play a key role in contributing to the credibility of the financial statements on which they are reporting. High quality audits s upport financial stability. The responsibility for performing quality audits of financial statements rests with the auditors. However, audit quality is best achieved in an environment where there is support from and appropriate interactions among partici pa nts in the financial reporting supply chain. Most prior studies look into audit quality from the perspective of private sector however this study focus on the quality of public sector auditing in Malaysia. There are three independent variables being inve st igated in this study that are the auditor’s independence, auditor’s competency and auditor’s workload. Data were collected through the distribution of questionnaires to 114 samples of auditors involved in public sector audit in Malaysia. The data were an al ysed using correlation test and regression test. The findings of this study show that there are positively significant relationship between auditor’s independence and auditor’s competency on audit quality. The results revealed that auditor’s competency i s the most significant factor affecting the audit quality in public sector audit. However, results show that auditor’s workload has a negative and insignificant impact on audit quality. Hence, this study recommends that the audit departments to strengthen th e audit quality and could improve the quality of the financial reporting in the public sector. In addition, auditor’s competency should be enhanced among the auditors in public sector to ensure high quality of audit work performed. Future studies should ex plore other variables such as client satisfaction, auditor switching and auditor’s turnover in public sector auditing
Fulltext Huge solitary rectal schwannoma mimicking malignant polyp with a successful transanal excision

Sanjeev Sandrasecra, Sindhu Karpayah, Muhammad Ash-Shafhawi Adznan, Firdaus Hayati, Nornazirah Azizan, Rohamini Sibin

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2019;15(106):62-62.
MyJurnal

Introduction: Rectal schwannoma is a rare gastrointestinal mesenchymal tumour with only a few numbers of cases has been reported. It is predominant in the stomach and small bowel, but uncommon in the colon and rectum. Case description: A 74-year-old man presented with features masquerading as low rectal malignancy with a malignant looking pedunculated polyp measuring 10 x 8 cm on colonoscopy. Punch biopsy revealed a diagnosis of benign tumour of schwannoma. After failure of multiple attempts of endoscopic resection, a decision of transanal excision was made. The histopathological assessment was consistent with the preoperative diagnosis and supported by immu-nohistochemistry of S-100 protein. His postoperative recovery was uneventful as he was discharged on the following day. There is no evidence of tumour recurrence on follow up. Conclusion: A huge tumour of the rectum is not always malignant. However, patient with features of low rectal tumour warrants an immediate referral to the surgical team as this non-communicable disease is a public health concern. Preoperative diagnosis is paramount for a necessary surgical intervention.
Naked Eye Chemosensing of Anions by Schiff Bases

Junaid HM, Batool M, Harun FW, Akhter MS, Shabbir N

Crit Rev Anal Chem, 2020 Sep 08.
PMID: 32897731 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2020.1806703

Spectacular color change during a chemical reaction is always fascinating. A variety of chemosensors including Schiff bases have been reported for selective as well as sensitive recognition of ions. This review explains the use of Schiff bases as color changing agents in the detection of anions. This magic of colors is attributed to change in the electronic structure of the system during reaction. Schiff base chemosensors are easy to synthesize, inexpensive and can be used for visual sensing of different ions. Development of Schiff base chemosensors is commonly based on the interactions between polar groups of Schiff bases and ionic species and the process of charge transfer, electron transfer and hydrogen bonding between Schiff bases and ionic species cause the color of the resultant to be changed. Therefore, designing of simple Schiff base chemosensors which are capable of selective sensing of different anions has attracted considerable interest. In particular, naked eye sensing through color change is important and useful since it allows sensing of ions through color changes without using any instrumental technique.HighlightsNaked eye sensors are of much interest these days due to their visual detection properties rather employing complex instrumentation.Optical sensors are sensitive, selective, cost effective and robust.The magic of color change is fascinating factor in detection by these sensors.The color change may be attributed by interaction between anion and Schiff base by different mechanism i.e. electron transfer, charge transfer, hydrogen bonding, ICT etc.LOD data is an evidence of their great efficiency.
Fulltext Phytochemistry, Traditional Use and Pharmacological Activity of Picrasma quassioides: A Critical Reviews

Mohd Jamil MDH, Taher M, Susanti D, Rahman MA, Zakaria ZA

Nutrients, 2020 Aug 26;12(9).
PMID: 32858812 DOI: 10.3390/nu12092584

Picrasma quassioides is a member of the Simaroubaceae family commonly grown in the regions of Asia, the Himalayas, and India and has been used as a traditional herbal medicine to treat various illnesses such as fever, gastric discomfort, and pediculosis. This study aims to critically review the presence of phytochemicals in P. quassioides and correlate their pharmacological activities with the significance of its use as traditional medicine. Data were collected by reviewing numerous scientific articles from several journal databases on the pharmacological activities of P. quassioides using certain keywords. As a result, approximately 94 phytochemicals extracted from P. quassioides were found to be associated with quassinoids, β-carbolines and canthinones. These molecules exhibited various pharmacological benefits such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-cancer, anti-microbial, and anti-parasitic activities which help to treat different diseases. However, P. quassioides were also found to have several toxicity effects in high doses, although the evidence regarding these effects is limited in proving its safe use and efficacy as herbal medicine. Accordingly, while it can be concluded that P. quassioides may have many potential pharmacological benefits with more phytochemistry discoveries, further research is required to determine its real value in terms of quality, safety, and efficacy of use.
Fulltext How Investors Attitudes Shape Stock Market Participation in the Presence of Financial Self-Efficacy

Nadeem MA, Qamar MAJ, Nazir MS, Ahmad I, Timoshin A, Shehzad K

Front Psychol, 2020;11:553351.
PMID: 33192804 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.553351

The purpose of this study is to investigate how investor's money attitudes shape their stock market participation (SMP) decisions. This study followed the theory of planned behavior (TPB), and a survey was conducted to collect the responses from active investors. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used for the analysis of proposed relationships among the constructs, and a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted to check the interrelation of the variables and validity of the constructs. This research has concluded that investor's money attitudes are significant to affect their stock market participation decisions. Further, it was found that risk attitudes partially mediate the relationship between money attitudes and stock market participation. Moreover, financial knowledge and financial self-efficacy positively moderated the relationship between money attitudes and stock market participation. This research is one of the early attempts at studying the money attitudes of investors and introduces financial self-efficacy as a moderating construct between money attitudes and stock market participation. The sample size for this study was 250 respondents which can be increased in future research, and the same relationships can be tested by using a larger sample. Moreover, this study has used money attitudes as predictors of stock market participation. Still, many other variables, like personal value, can also be taken to investigate their influence on stock market participation.
Fulltext Experimental Study of Loop Heat Pipe Performance with Nanofluids

Muhammad Arif Bin Harun, Prem A/L Gunnasegaran, Nor Azwadi Che Sidik

Journal of Advanced Research Design, 2019;52(1):13-27.
MyJurnal

Heat pipes are widely used in various industries such as automotive, electronics, and many more. Heat pipes are used as cooling devices for electronic parts in machines that emit a large amount of heat, which can damage the devices. The heat pipes used in this investigation are loop heat pipes. These pipes can transport heat over a long distance and operate against gravity. The working fluid used in this investigation is nanofluid. Nanofluid is one of the types of working fluid that is considered to have better thermal performance than conventional fluids. Nanofluid is made of nanoparticles with base-fluid. This investigation studies the thermal performance of loop heat pipes using different types of nanofluids. Nanofluid fluids used in this study are diamond nanofluid, aluminium oxide nanofluid and silica oxide nanofluid. The effect of mass concentration of nanoparticles in the base-fluid is also studied. The results showed that as the mass concentration of nanofluids increased, the thermal resistance for diamond nanofluid and aluminium oxide nanofluid decreased, but the opposite occurred for silica oxide nanofluid but still better resultsthan pure water. This shows that diamond and aluminium oxide nanofluids shows better thermal conductivity as it has lower total thermal resistance and thermal enhancement rate compared to other nanofluids. Diamond nanofluid also had higher heat capacity than aluminium oxide nanofluid as it had a lower vapour line temperature reading.
Fulltext Exploring the effectiveness of technology-based learning on the educational outcomes of undergraduate healthcare students: an overview of systematic reviews protocol

Romli MH, Cheema MS, Mehat MZ, Md Hashim NF, Abdul Hamid H

BMJ Open, 2020 Nov 23;10(11):e041153.
PMID: 33234650 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041153

INTRODUCTION: Rapid technology development due to the introduction of Industrial Revolution 4.0 and Internet of Things has created a demand and gradual transition from traditional teaching and learning to technology-based learning in higher education, including healthcare education. The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated this process, with educators now required to quickly adapt to and adopt such changes. The abundance of available systematic reviews has made the effectiveness of such approaches ambiguous especially in healthcare education. Therefore, a protocol of the overview of systematic reviews (OoSR) is planned to extrapolate the effectiveness of technology-based learning in undergraduate healthcare education.
METHODS AND ANALYSIS: Scopus, CINAHL, Academic Search Complete, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE and Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection databases were selected. Screening was conducted independently by at least two authors and the decision for inclusion was done through discussion or involvement of an arbiter against a predetermined criteria. Included articles will be evaluated for quality using A MeaSurement Tool to Assess systematic Reviews and Risk of Bias in Systematic Review tools, while primary systematic review articles will be cross-checked and reported for any overlapping using the 'corrected covered area' method. Only narrative synthesis will be employed according to the predefined themes into two major dimensions-theory and knowledge generation (focusing on cognitive taxonomy due to its ability to be generalised across disciplines), and clinical-based competence (focusing on psychomotor and affective taxonomies due to discipline-specific influence). The type of technology used will be identified and extracted.
ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The OoSR involves analysis of secondary data from published literature, thus ethical approval is not required. The findings will provide a valuable insight for policymakers, stakeholders, and researchers in terms of technology-based learning implementation and gaps identification. The findings will be published in several reports due to the extensiveness of the topic and will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and conferences.
PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD4202017974.
Fulltext Spot diagram profile of uncorrected and corrected myopic model eye

Shah Farez Othman, Nizam Tamchek, Farah Diana Muhammad, Shah Farez Othman, Shah Farez Othman, Mohd Hafidz Ithnin

Journal of Optometry, Eye and Health Research, 2020;2(1):34-47.
MyJurnal

Current trend shows that the eye modelling is based on the emmetropic eye taken its ocular optical components value from the population-based studies. However, no studies have been done to study the effect of aberration of myopic refractive error by modelling the eye using the parameters from ocular biometrics and ray tracing method. The objective of the present study was to determine the spot diagram (SPD) profile of myopic refractive error using eye modelling and ray tracing technique. Three eye models had been successfully modeled in Zemax software, namely, emmetropic Liou and Brennan, myopic Liou and Brennan, corrected myopic Liou and Brennan. The optical performance of the eye models were tested using the SPD profile. The ray distribution from the analysis of SPD of myopic Liou and Brennan eye was larger compared to the emmetropic model. In comparison with the emmetropic Liou and Brennan model, for the blue wavelength, the RMS spot radius for the corrected version was increased. However, the RMS values were decreased for green and red wavelengths. For the corrected myopic version of Liou and Brennan, in comparison with its emmetropic model, the Airy disc diameter increased with the increment of wavelengths. It was found that the Airy disc diameter accuracy were higher for the blue, green and red wavelengths. Although the accuracy values were in a positive sign, for Airy disc diameter, the smaller value indicates a diffraction-limited condition.
Fulltext Service quality towards customer satisfaction, case study: sopoong, IOI city mall, Putrajaya

Mohd Sulaimi Bin Mohd Sani, Muhammad Syamil Bin Abd Halek, Nur Hanifa Binti Haji Zainul

Journal of Management & Science, 2020;18(2):58-65.
MyJurnal

Since 20th century, the Korean wave has been a phenomenon globally and it has also spread through Malaysia in terms of culture, music, fashion and also food. Study shows that Malaysian is attracted towards Korean cuisine which increases the demand of Korean cuisine. As result, numerous of new business opportunities have raised. Sopoong, IOI City Mall, Putrajaya is one of the top and thriving Korean cuisine restaurant with more than five branches all over Kuala Lumpur and Klang Valley area. The aims of this study are to help the food establishment to improve their service quality and subsequently increase the customer satisfaction, and also could help any other organizations that are interrelated to this research. This research is also purposely to determine the relationship of service quality with customer satisfaction focused at Sopoong, IOI City Mall, Putrajaya. The researchers used the service quality dimension (SERVQUAL) such as tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy to find the relationship with customer satisfaction as the main idea. This study is a quantitative study conducted to tracks the seasonal trends or phenomena related to the issue. For this research, survey questionnaire was used as data collection method and three hundred and one (301) questionnaires were distributed to respondent at Sopoong, IOI City Mall, Putrajaya. The data collected are analysed by using descriptive and correlation analysis by using IBM-SPSS software. The findings of this study show that the relationship between service quality and customer satisfaction is available.
Fulltext Energy-Efficient Wireless Sensor Network with an Unequal Clustering Protocol Based on a Balanced Energy Method (EEUCB)

Jasim AA, Idris MYI, Razalli Bin Azzuhri S, Issa NR, Rahman MT, Khyasudeen MFB

Sensors (Basel), 2021 Jan 25;21(3).
PMID: 33503903 DOI: 10.3390/s21030784

A hot spot problem is a problem where cluster nodes near to the base station (BS) tend to drain their energy much faster than other nodes due to the need to perform more communication. Unequal clustering methods such as unequal clustering routing (UDCH) and energy-efficient fuzzy logic for unequal clustering (EEFUC) have been proposed to address this problem. However, these methods only concentrate on utilizing residual energy and the distance of sensor nodes to the base station, while limited attention is given to enhancing the data transmission process. Therefore, this paper proposes an energy-efficient unequal clustering scheme based on a balanced energy method (EEUCB) that utilizes minimum and maximum distance to reduce energy wastage. Apart from that, the proposed EEUCB also utilizes the maximum capacity of node energy and double cluster head technique with a sleep-awake mechanism. Furthermore, EEUCB has devised a clustering rotation strategy based on two sub-phases, namely intra- and inter-clustering techniques, that considers the average energy threshold, average distance threshold, and BS layering node. The performance of the proposed EEUCB protocol is then compared with various prior techniques. From the result, it can be observed that the proposed EEUCB protocol shows lifetime improvements of 57.75%, 19.63%, 14.7%, and 13.06% against low-energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH), factor-based LEACH FLEACH, EEFUC, and UDCH, respectively.

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