Displaying publications 121 - 140 of 1777 in total

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  1. Duration of oxygen therapy and exchange transfusion as risk factors associated with retinopathy of prematurity in very low birthweight infants
    Teoh SL, Boo NY, Ong LC, Nyein MK, Lye MS, Au MK
    Eye (Lond), 1995;9 ( Pt 6):733-7.
    PMID: 8849541
    One hundred and thirteen consecutive infants with a very low birthweight of less than 1500 g were followed prospectively for 6 months to determine the incidence of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and associated risk factors. Of this group, 36 (31.9%) infants developed ROP (13 infants had stage 1 ROP, nine had stage 2, six had stage 3, six had stage 4, and two had cicatricial stage ROP). Stepwise logistic regression analysis of various potential risk factors (birthweight, gestation, duration of oxygen therapy, duration of ventilation, highest documented PaO2 and exchange transfusion) showed that only two risk factors were significantly associated with the development of ROP. These risk factors were: the duration of oxygen therapy (p = 0.0005) and exchange transfusion during the neonatal period (odds ratio 5.754, 95% confidence interval 1.002 to 32.997, p = 0.049). The equation of the regression model is: log (odds of developing ROP) = -0.8395 + 0.1447 (OXY)- 0.8750 (ET), where OXY is the duration of oxygen therapy in days, ET = -1 when there was a history of exchange transfusion, and ET = 1 when there was no history of exchange transfusion.
    Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn
  2. Fulltext A medication-estimated health status measure for predicting primary care visits: the Long-Term Therapeutic Groups Index
    Dhabali AA, Awang R
    Health Policy Plan, 2010 Mar;25(2):162-9.
    PMID: 19923207 DOI: 10.1093/heapol/czp051
    BACKGROUND: Managed care is one of the means advocated for health care reforms. The Malaysian government has proposed managed care for its citizens. In the Malaysian private health care sector, managed care is practised on a small scale with crude risk adjustment. The main determinant of an individual's health service utilization is their health status (HS). HS is used as a risk adjuster for capitation payment. Prescribed medications represent a useful source for HS estimation. We aimed to develop and validate a medication-based HS estimate and to incorporate it in the Andersen model of health service utilization. This is a preparatory step in studying the feasibility of developing a model for risk assessment in the Malaysian context.
    METHODS: Data were collected retrospectively from an academic year from computerized databases in University Sains Malaysia (USM) about users of USM primary care services. A user is a USM health scheme beneficiary who made at least one visit in the academic year to USM-assigned primary care providers. Socio-demographic variables, enrolment period, medications prescribed and number of visits were also collected. Chronic illness medications and some non-chronic illness medications were used to calculate the Long-Term Therapeutic Groups Index (LTTGI) which is an estimate of the HS of users. Using a random 50% of users, weighted least square methods were used to develop a model that predicts a user's number of visits. The other 50% were used for validation.
    RESULTS: Socio-demographic variables explained 15% of variability in number of primary care visits among users. Adding the LTTGI improved the explanatory power of the model to 36% (P < 0.001). A similar contribution of the LTTGI was noted in the validation.
    CONCLUSIONS: The Long-Term Therapeutic Groups Index was successfully developed. Variability in number of primary care visits can be predicted by LTTGI-based models.
    Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn
  3. Birthweights of Nigerian children
    Effiong CE, Laditan AA, Aimakhu VE, Ayeni O
    Niger Med J, 1976 Jan;6(1):63-8.
    PMID: 16295069
    A retrospective study of birthweights, the incidence, and possible aetiology of low birthweight in 31,490 Nigerian children, delivered in two hospitals at Ibadan, is reported. The important findings were: (a) mean birthweights for males (3,000 gm), and for females (2,880 gm) in a non-teaching hospital were significantly higher than 2,980 gm and 2,860 gm for males and females respectively in the teaching hospital; (b) the mean birthweights for boys were significantly higher than those for girls in both hospitals; (c) these mean birthweights, though generally higher than previous reports from Nigeria, were significantly lower than those for North American Caucasian and Negro babies, and of babies of three different racial groups in Malaysia. Other interesting, though expected findings were: (a) a high incidence of low birthweight (15.5 per cent) and (b) a high incidence of small for dates babies (60 per cent). It is suggested that since birthweights, the incidence of low birthweight and its aetiology are vital in the planning of health care in any country, a prospective study involving many urban and rural areas of the country and including factors known to influence birthweight should be undertaken.
    Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn
  4. Paternal age and common mental disorders
    Krishnaswamy S, Subramaniam K, Indran H, Ramachandran P, Indran T, Indran R, et al.
    World J. Biol. Psychiatry, 2009;10(4 Pt 2):518-23.
    PMID: 19191074 DOI: 10.1080/15622970802653691
    There is evidence in the literature that there are associations between advancing paternal age and psychosis or more specifically schizophrenia, but not enough to support a strong link between advancing paternal age and common mental disorders.
    Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn
  5. Management of Gender Determination of Newborns and Children with Disorders of Sex Development Using a Multidisciplinary Approach: An Exploratory Study of Islamic Perspective in Malaysia
    Mohamed MS, Halim ZA, Azizan SA
    J Relig Health, 2023 Apr;62(2):797-818.
    PMID: 36070127 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-022-01657-8
    Management of newborns with disorders of sex development (DSD), especially in deciding the need for a sex assignment surgery, is a complex matter. It is associated with many bioethical issues, such as concerns about the rights and welfare of the newborns and the reliability of parents' consent to the paternalistic disposition of physicians in making the best decisions. This paper, containing interviews with six medical experts and three religious' experts, aims to raise awareness of the multidisciplinary approach, which uses a combination of medicine, religion, and ethics in managing children with DSD, particularly in Malaysia, to avoid unnecessary psychological, biological, emotional, and societal ramifications.
    Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn
  6. Fulltext Febrile seizures in Malaysian children: epidemiology and clinical features
    Deng CT, Zulkifli HI, Azizi BH
    Med J Malaysia, 1994 Dec;49(4):341-7.
    PMID: 7674969
    A child with a febrile seizure is a common cause of admission in a general paediatric ward in Malaysia. We set out to look prospectively into the clinical and epidemiological features of these children. A total of 117 children were admitted into the study. The ratio of boys to girls were 1.5:1.0. The racial breakdown was 62.4% Malays, 26.5% Indians, 8.5% Chinese and 2.6% others. The first febrile seizure occurred before the age of three years in 92.9% of our patients. The highest number of febrile seizures was in the six to 12 months age group. The average length of seizure was 9.5 minutes and the majority were non-recurrent. Febrile seizures with complex features occurred in 33.3% of the children. Upper respiratory tract infection was the most common cause of fever in our patients. There was a family history of seizures (febrile or afebrile) in 26.5% of patients.
    Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn
  7. Fulltext Local experience in paediatric flexible bronchoscopy
    Norzila MZ, Norrashidah AW, Rusanida A, Sushila S, Azizi BHO
    Med J Malaysia, 2003 Aug;58(3):350-5.
    PMID: 14750374
    All children who underwent flexible bronchoscopy in the respiratory unit at Paediatric Institute, Hospital Kuala Lumpur from June 1997 to June 2002 were reviewed. A hundred and ten children underwent the procedure under sedation or general anaesthesia. The median age of these children was eight months. (Q1 3, Q3 30) The commonest indication for performing flexible bronchoscopy was for chronic stridor (50 cases) followed by persistent or recurrent changes such as lung infiltrates, atelectasis and consolidation on the chest radiographs (22). Laryngomalacia was found to be the commonest cause of stridor in 29 children. Two patients were diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis. With regard to safety, three procedures were abandoned due to recurrent desaturation below 85%. One of these patients had severe laryngospasm that required ventilation for 48 hours but recovered fully. Two neonates developed pneumonia requiring antibiotics following bronchoscopy. No patients developed pneumothorax or bleeding following the procedure. Bronchoscopy is a safe procedure when performed by well-trained personnel. Since it is an invasive procedure the benefits must outweigh the risks before it is performed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn
  8. Fulltext Cystic hygroma: anaesthetic considerations and review
    Sharma S, Aminuldin AG, Azlan W
    Singapore Med J, 1994 Oct;35(5):529-31.
    PMID: 7701380
    A 3-day-old child presented with a gross swelling on the right side of the neck extending beyond the midline and inability to swallow. It was diagnosed to be cystic hygroma and decision was made to excise the swelling as an emergency operation to enable the child to swallow and thrive better. During the gaseous induction, difficulty was encountered in maintaining the airway and subsequently to intubate the patient. Intraoperatively the surgeon was not able to excise the tumour completely. Postoperatively it was decided to ventilate the child electively because of the intubation difficulties encountered and not so firm floor of the mouth because of surgical excision. The stay in the neonatal ICU was marked with infection and facial nerve palsy.
    Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn
  9. Effects of background noise on recording of portable transient-evoked otoacoustic emission in newborn hearing screening
    Salina H, Abdullah A, Mukari SZ, Azmi MT
    Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol, 2010 Apr;267(4):495-9.
    PMID: 19727788 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-009-1080-y
    Transient-evoked otoacoustic emission (TEOAE) is a well-established screening tool for universal newborn hearing screening. The aims of this study are to measure the effects of background noise on recording of TEOAE and the duration required to complete the test at various noise levels. This study is a prospective study from June 2006 until May 2007. The study population were newborns from postnatal wards who were delivered at term pregnancy. Newborns who were more than 8-h old and passed a hearing screening testing using screening auditory brainstem response (SABRe) were further tested with TEOAE in four different test environments [isolation room in the ward during non-peak hour (E1), isolation room in the ward during peak hour (E2), maternal bedside in the ward during non-peak hour (E3) and maternal bedside in the ward during peak hour (E4)]. This study showed that test environment significantly influenced the time required to complete testing in both ears with F [534.23] = 0.945; P < 0.001 on the right ear and F [636.54] = 0.954; P < 0.001 on the left. Our study revealed that TEOAE testing was efficient in defining the presence of normal hearing in our postnatal wards at maternal bedside during non-peak hour with a specificity of 96.8%. Our study concludes that background noise levels for acceptable and accurate TEOAE recording in newborns should not exceed 65 dB A. In addition, when using TEOAE assessment in noisy environments, the time taken to obtain accurate results will greatly increase.
    Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn
  10. Laparoscopic localization and microlaparotomy for focal isolated perforation in necrotizing enterocolitis: an alternative approach to a challenging problem
    Nah SA, Tan HL, Tamba RP, Aziz DA, Azzam N
    J Pediatr Surg, 2011 Feb;46(2):424-7.
    PMID: 21292104 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2010.11.045
    Necrotizing enterocolitis has a wide clinical spectrum of manifestation. We report a novel method of managing focal isolated perforation in necrotizing enterocolitis by using diagnostic laparoscopy to localize the site of perforation and by making a microincision over the perforation to perform exteriorization or limited resection and primary anastomosis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn
  11. NAIP-deletion analysis in Malaysian patients with spinal muscular atrophy
    Watihayati MS, M S W, Zabidi AM, A M H ZH, Tang TH, T H T, et al.
    Kobe J Med Sci, 2007;53(4):171-5.
    PMID: 17932457
    Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) is an autosomal recessive disease, which is characterized by degeneration of the anterior horn cells of the spinal cord. SMA is classified into 3 clinical subtypes, type I (severe), type II (intermediate), and type III (mild). Two genes, SMN1 and NAIP, have been identified as SMA-related genes. The SMN1 gene is now recognized as a responsible gene for the disease because it is deleted or mutated in most SMA patients. However, the role of the NAIP gene in SMA has not been fully clarified. To clarify the contribution of NAIP to the disease severity of SMA, we studied the relationship between NAIP-deletion and clinical phenotype in Malaysian patients. A total of 39 patients lacking SMN1 (12 type I, 19 type II, and 8 type III patients) were enrolled into this study. Seven out of 12 patients with type I SMA (approximately 60%) showed NAIP deletion. On the contrary, only 2 out of 20 type II patients and none of type III patients showed NAIP deletion. There was a statistically significant difference in NAIP-deletion frequency among the clinical subtypes (Fisher's exact probability test, p value = 0.014). In conclusion, according to our data that NAIP deletion was more frequent in type I SMA than in type II-III SMA, the NAIP gene may be a modifying factor for disease severity of SMA.
    Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn
  12. VITAMIN A PROTEIN DEFICIENCY IN MALAYAN CHILDREN
    THOMSON DL, RUIZ E, BAANDKAR M
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1964 Sep;58:425-31.
    PMID: 14206699
    Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn
  13. MULTIPLE PEPTIC ULCERS IN CHILDREN PRESENTING WITH COMPLICATIONS
    BALASEGARAM M
    Med J Malaysia, 1963 Dec;18:125-8.
    PMID: 14117281
    Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn
  14. Environmental problems of the tropical city: a brief overview
    Badri MA
    Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 1992;23 Suppl 3:94-109.
    PMID: 1342764
    Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn
  15. Fulltext Potential use of cord blood for Hb E hemoglobinopathy screening programme using capillary electrophoresis
    Wan Mohd Saman WA, Hassan R, Mohd Yusoff S, Che Yaakob CA, Abdullah NA, Ghazali S, et al.
    Malays J Pathol, 2016 Dec;38(3):235-239.
    PMID: 28028293 MyJurnal
    BACKGROUND: Thalassemia and hemoglobinopathies are inherited red blood cell disorders found worldwide. Hemoglobin (Hb) E disorder is one of the hemoglobinopathies known to have the high prevalence in South East Asia. Most of transfusion-dependent thalassemias were genotypically compound heterozygous Hb E/ β-thalassemia. In Malaysia, the national screening program for thalassemia was implemented for early pregnancy or secondary school girls; however many participants do not turn-up and missed the screening test. Screening for thalassemia using samples from cord blood is an alternative choice as it is a readily available source of blood and hence early detection of the disease. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential use of cord blood for the screening of HbE hemoglobinopathy by using capillary electrophoresis (CE).

    METHODS: Cord blood samples were collected from 300 newborns of healthy mothers. Hematological parameters were determined and hemoglobin quantitation for all cord blood samples were performed using capillary electrophoresis system (CES) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

    RESULTS: Majority of cord blood samples (63%) revealed Hb AF followed by Hb AFA2 (20%). Hb AFE was detected in 10.7% with the mean value of Hb E ranging from 2.3%-11.1%.

    CONCLUSION: Hemoglobin E was detected in cord blood using capillary electrophoresis system. It can be recommended in areas where Hb E/β is prevalent. Implementation of a screening strategy using CE on cord blood sampling will identify the disease early. With regular follow-up on these patients, the status of their disease can be determined earlier and appropriate management implemented.

    Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn
  16. Awareness, perception and experience on child restraint system (CRS) and its legislation among Malaysian parents with newborns
    Ang JY, Lai JM, Hss AS, Ramalingam P, Ramasamy M, Zainuddin NS, et al.
    Traffic Inj Prev, 2020;21(4):278-282.
    PMID: 32297815 DOI: 10.1080/15389588.2020.1746773
    Objective: The aim of this study was to explore parents' awareness and usage of CRS, incentives and challenges in CRS use, as well as their perception about potential CRS legislation in Malaysia.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in a public tertiary care center in Northern Malaysia. A self-developed researcher-assisted questionnaire was developed in English and translated into Malay language, to explore parents' awareness ad CRS usage, as well as the incentives and barriers in CRS use. Parents of a newborn were conveniently sampled, excluding parents with pre-term newborn or those without a car. Upon obtaining written informed consent, the parents were allowed to answer the questionnaire within 20 minutes, assisted by the researchers. Parents who were found not using CRS for their newborn were given a digital pamphlet with CRS-related information via mobile devices.Results: A total of 200 parents were approached and 193 of them consented to participate in this study. The majority of the parents (87.6%) were aware of CRS, but only half of them (57.0%) provided a CRS for their current newborn. From 100 CRS users, most of them used a CRS for "child's safety" purposes (84.5%). Among 83 CRS nonuser, nearly half of them (45.8%) perceived that it is adequate to carry their child during traveling without using a CRS. When exploring previous experience in using CRS among all parents (n = 193), more than half of them (63.9%) faced difficulty as their child refused to use the CRS. More than half (54.9%) of all parents were not aware about the possible CRS legislation in Malaysia. However, the majority of them (90.7%) agreed with the implementation of CRS law.Conclusions: Although majority of the parents were aware about CRS, but only half had a CRS for their current newborn. Most of the parents supported CRS legislation in Malaysia, but assistance will be required to help them through challenges related to CRS use.
    Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn
  17. Some impressions of childbearing in tropical areas. II. Pre-eclampsia and low birthweight
    Thompson B, Baird D
    J Obstet Gynaecol Br Commonw, 1967 Aug;74(4):499-509.
    PMID: 6033270
    Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn
  18. Some impressions of childbearing in tropical areas. 3. Outcome of labour
    Thompson B, Baird D
    J Obstet Gynaecol Br Commonw, 1967 Aug;74(4):510-22.
    PMID: 6033271
    Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn
  19. Fulltext Diffuse neonatal haemangiomatosis: a rare cause of haemorrhagic shock and refractory coagulopathy in the newborn
    Rohana J, Boo NY, Hayati AR, Baizura J
    Med J Malaysia, 2002 Sep;57(3):364-7.
    PMID: 12440278
    A term newborn infant developed hypovolaemic shock shortly after birth. She was pale with gross hepatomegaly. She required multiple boluses of intravenous fluids, blood products as well as inotropic support. Blood investigations showed persistent thrombocytopenia, anaemia and disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (DIC). She also developed heart failure. She finally succumbed on the eleventh day of life. Autopsy revealed haemangiomatosis involving the liver, lungs, gastrointestinal tract, kidneys and adrenals.
    Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn
  20. Outcomes of an In Vitro Fertilization Pregnancy With COVID-19 and the Perinatal Outcome in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
    Alhamoud AH, Matary F, Bukhari S, Kelantan M, Bajahzer M
    Cureus, 2020 Dec 26;12(12):e12296.
    PMID: 33510990 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.12296
    Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the novel severe respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a pandemic and potentially fatal disease. COVID-19 cases are on the rise globally; this also includes risk groups such as pregnant women and neonates. Herein, we report the first COVID-19 cesarean delivery case of an in vitro fertilization (IVF) pregnancy in a Saudi woman. A postdate pregnant healthy woman tested positive with COVID-19 on her 38 weeks + five days. On her 40 weeks + five days, the woman had dilation without contractions; thereby, cesarean delivery was decided. The delivery was successful, with no complications in the mother and neonate. The preferable outcomes of this case could be attributable to some factors: multidisciplinary medical management, the mother's young age, and COVID-19 infection during the late trimester.
    Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn
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