Displaying publications 1421 - 1440 of 3084 in total

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  1. Testicular torsion
    Koh KB, Dublin N, Light T
    Aust N Z J Surg, 1995 Sep;65(9):645-6.
    PMID: 7575294
    A retrospective review of 80 patients who underwent scrotal exploration for presumed testicular torsion is presented. Of these, 67 patients were found to have torsion, and the testicular loss rate was 51%. Patients who experienced delays in scrotal exploration of more than 24 h from onset of symptoms had a testicular loss rate of 71%. These delays arose from both hesitation in seeking medical treatment and misdiagnoses. It is emphasized that an acute scrotum in a child or in an adolescent should be explored early to exclude torsion.
    Matched MeSH terms: Retrospective Studies
  2. Renal transplantation in Malaysia
    Fan KS, Lim TO, Morad Z, Suleiman AB, Lei CC, Khairullah A
    Transplant Proc, 1995 Feb;27(1):1466-8.
    PMID: 7878944
    Matched MeSH terms: Retrospective Studies
  3. Wilms' tumour in Malaysian children: a histopathological study of cases encountered at the University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur over a 22-year period
    Cheah PL, Looi LM, Lin HP
    Malays J Pathol, 1992 Dec;14(2):111-5.
    PMID: 1338998
    Formerly thought to have a constant incidence rate throughout the world, Wilms' tumour (nephroblastoma) has been shown to be less common among Asian children. A retrospective demographic and morphological study of Wilms' tumour histologically diagnosed over a 22-year period at the Department of Pathology, University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur was conducted to assess for inherent demographic and morphological differences between tumours in Malaysian children and those of Western populations. Thirty-seven cases of histologically proven Wilms' tumour qualified for inclusion in this study. 19 patients were Chinese, 13 Malay, 4 Indian and 1 Anglo-asian. 21 were male and 16 were female (M:F ratio = 1.3:1). Their ages ranged from 1 month to 4 years. 70.3% of the patients were below 2 years of age. 36 cases had unilateral and 1 bilateral tumours. Of unilateral tumours, 19 involved the left kidney and 17 the right. Histological assessment, based on criteria of the National Wilms' Tumor Study Group, revealed 20 (52.6%) tumours with a mixed pattern while 8 (21.1%) showed epithelial, 7 (18.4%) blastemal and 3 (7.8%) stromal-predominant patterns. Anaplasia was observed in only 2 tumours (5.3%). There was no obvious difference in age range and sex distribution, laterality of tumours and incidence of anaplasia between this and Western studies. No ethnic predilection was observed. A notably larger percentage of cases were below 2 years of age. Also, a larger proportion of epithelial-predominant and a lower proportion of blastemal-predominant tumours was observed compared with patterns reported from Western populations.
    Matched MeSH terms: Retrospective Studies
  4. Fulltext Pattern of acute rheumatic fever in a local teaching hospital
    Omar A
    Med J Malaysia, 1995 Jun;50(2):125-30.
    PMID: 7565180
    Hospital records of children admitted to the department of Paediatrics, University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, from January 1981 to December 1990, who were diagnosed to have acute rheumatic fever (ARF) were studied. 134 children satisfied the Jones' modified criteria, thus giving a hospital incidence of 21.2/100,000 paediatric admission per year, of which incidence of first attack was 15.8/100,000 per year and recurrent attack was 5.38/100,000 per year. The M:F ratio is 1.39:1. Majority of cases occur in the 6-11 years age group with 6 cases encountered below the age of 5. The Indians had a higher relative risk to develop both the first acute attack as well as recurrences with a relative risk of 2.4 and 4.10 respectively as compared to the Malays. Majority of the patients, irrespective of the ethnic group, came from families with low income.
    Matched MeSH terms: Retrospective Studies
  5. Analysis and outcome of 502 cases of laser excision cone (LEC) at the Samaritan Hospital for Women, London
    Yahya AA, McIndoe GA, Mason WP
    Asia Oceania J Obstet Gynaecol, 1992 Dec;18(4):315-8.
    PMID: 1492803
    When performed based on cytology, histological accuracy of the laser cone specimen improved with the more severe cytology. The incidence of adenocarcinoma in situ is 1.0%. With and without residual disease, the rate of abnormal cytology after laser excision cone are 0.6% and 1.6% respectively. There is good correlation between colposcopic biopsy and cone specimen in the more severe lesions. Out of 139 cases of incomplete excision, only 3 cases had abnormal cytology at follow-up. The complication rates are very low.
    Matched MeSH terms: Retrospective Studies
  6. Histomorphological patterns of renal amyloidosis: a correlation between histology and chemical type of amyloidosis
    Looi LM, Cheah PL
    Hum Pathol, 1997 Jul;28(7):847-9.
    PMID: 9224755
    A retrospective study was conducted to investigate whether there was a correlation between the histological pattern of renal amyloidosis, the chemical type of amyloid protein involved and the clinical presentation. Eighteen consecutive cases of systemic amyloidosis that had renal biopsies processed and examined histopathologically at the Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur were reviewed. The age range of patients was 25 to 64 yrs (mean, 46 yrs). The male:female ratio was 2.6:1. Three patients were Malay, 9 Chinese, 3 Indian, 1 Indonesian, 1 Iban, and 1 Bisaya. According to the predominant site of amyloid deposition, 14 cases showed a glomerular pattern and 4 a vascular pattern. 8 cases were designated as 2 anti-human amyloid-A (AA) amyloidosis on the basis of permanganate-sensitivity and immunoreactivity of deposits with anti-human AA protein antibody. Ten cases contained deposits that were permanganate-resistant and nonimmunoreactive for AA protein and were designated as AL in type. The histomorphologic pattern of renal amyloidosis did not provide a reliable means of differentiating AA from AL amyloidosis. The glomerular pattern tended to present with renal manifestations such as nephrotic syndrome and chronic renal failure, whereas the vascular pattern tended to present with nonrenal manifestations such as diarrhoea. These findings may have a bearing on the pathophysiology of amyloidosis and provide clues to appropriate management.
    Matched MeSH terms: Retrospective Studies
  7. SLE mortality in an oriental population
    Koh ET, Seow A, Leong KH, Chng HH
    Lupus, 1997;6(1):27-31.
    PMID: 9116715 DOI: 10.1177/096120339700600104
    We analysed the causes of 67 deaths, over a 4 y period, in our oriental population with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The median disease duration was 48 +/- 60.5 months (range 1-250 months). The mean age at diagnosis and death were 30 and 35.1 y respectively. SLE alone accounted for death in 30 patients (44.8%), infection in 27 (40.3%), pulmonary embolism in 5 (7.5%), malignancy in 4 (5.9%) and rheumatic heart disease in 1 (1.5%). The major organ involvement in those with active disease at death were SLE related thrombocytopenia (n = 23/44, 52.3%), nephritis (n = 21/44), 47.7%), cerebral lupus (n = 16/44, 36.4%), and pulmonary haemorrhage (n = 12/44, 27.3%). As in other series, SLE and infection were the principal causes of death in our population. During this 4 y period, there was no late death due to atherosclerosis.
    Study site: Tan Tock Seng Hospital (TTSH), Singapore
    Matched MeSH terms: Retrospective Studies
  8. Fulltext A preliminary study of possible prognostic factors of traumatic liver injury seen at University Hospital, 1984-1991
    Sim PH, Razack AH, Jalleh RP
    Med J Malaysia, 1995 Dec;50(4):346-52.
    PMID: 8668055
    A retrospective study was carried out on 42 patients (38 males, 4 females, mean age 25.9) with liver injury at the University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur from 1994 through to 1991. Prognostic factors that might help to identify those patient survival was related to pulse rate on arrival ( < or = 120 beats per minute, p = 0.027), systolic blood pressure at induction of anaesthesia ( > or = to 80 mmHg, p = 0.003) and intraoperative blood transfusion of < or = to 4 units (p = 0.05). This data were supported by the 95% confidence interval suggesting that these factors may be strong prognostic indicators individually. Increased mortality was also associated with increased total blood transfused (p = 0.002) and grade of liver injury (p = 0.02). Although the factors we have identified reflect both the severity of injury and resuscitative and surgical efforts, further studies using a prospective design are required to confirm these findings.
    Matched MeSH terms: Retrospective Studies
  9. Empyema thoracis in hospitalized children in Kelantan, Malaysia
    Maziah W, Choo KE, Ray JG, Ariffin WA
    J Trop Pediatr, 1995 06;41(3):185-8.
    PMID: 7636941 DOI: 10.1093/tropej/41.3.185
    In this study, 31 cases of childhood empyema thoracis admitted over 4 1/2 years to the Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, in Kelantan, Malaysia, were retrospectively reviewed. Twenty-two males and nine females were included, with a mean age of 1.9 years (range: 26 days to 7 years). Frequent symptoms were fever, cough, and dyspnoea, while common signs were temperature above 38 degrees C, decreased breath sounds, dullness to chest percussion, and intercostal recession. Radiography demonstrated unilateral moderate to large effusions in 68 per cent of cases, while consolidated lung was seen in 45 per cent of patients. Pleural fluid cultures were positive for Staphylococcus aureus (48 per cent), Streptococcus pneumoniae (7 per cent), while no growth was seen in 42 per cent of cases. Ninety-four per cent of children had a blood leukocytosis above 10 000 cell/mm3, but blood cultures were negative in 21 out of 26 patients (81 per cent). Most cases were treated with a combination of intravenous antibiotics and chest tube drainage. Antibiotics and pleural tap(s) were used in the remainder. Patients stayed in hospital for an average of 20.7 days (range: 4-52 days). Surgical intervention was necessary in only four children. The mortality rate at the time of discharge was zero, with 100 per cent radiographic resolution among the 23 patients who were followed-up.
    Matched MeSH terms: Retrospective Studies
  10. Impact of cyclosporine dose on renal allograft function in an Asian population
    Vathsala A, Lee WT, Lim CH
    Transplant Proc, 1994 Oct;26(5):2507-8.
    PMID: 7940768
    Matched MeSH terms: Retrospective Studies
  11. Six year trend of neonatal septicaemia in a large Malaysian maternity hospital
    Boo NY, Chor CY
    J Paediatr Child Health, 1994 Feb;30(1):23-7.
    PMID: 8148183
    A study carried out in the Maternity Hospital, Kuala Lumpur over a 6 year period from 1986 to 1991, showed that the annual rates of septicaemia ranged from 5.2 to 10.2/100 admissions. Septicaemia accounted for between 11.0 to 30.4% of all neonatal deaths. The case fatality ratios ranged from 23.0 to 52.2%, being highest in 1989 when basic facilities were compromised. Low birthweight neonates accounted for 55.5% of those with septicaemia. The most common causative organisms were Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus in 1986 and 1987, but from 1988 Klebsiella species became the most common. More than 50% of neonatal septicaemia occurred after the age of 2 days. The results of the study demonstrated the dynamism of infection control: when control measures introduced earlier were not sustained, outbreaks of nosocomial infection recurred or worsened.
    Matched MeSH terms: Retrospective Studies
  12. Coronary artery disease in Asians
    Rajadurai J, Arokiasamy J, Pasamanickam K, Shatar A, Mei Lin O
    Aust N Z J Med, 1992 Aug;22(4):345-8.
    PMID: 1445022
    From available studies, there appears to be a racial preponderance of coronary artery disease (CAD) among Indians when compared to other ethnic groups. We found that this racial difference exists even in a young Asian population with premature atherosclerosis. In this small series, these racial differences could not be explained by the commonly known risk factors for coronary artery disease--smoking, hypertension, diabetes and hypercholesterolaemia, findings similar to those found in older patients elsewhere. Only fasting triglyceride levels were significantly higher among young Indians compared to non Indians (p less than 0.02) although the importance of this finding as a risk factor for CAD remains controversial. The majority of these young patients were treated medically and their one year survival was good.
    Matched MeSH terms: Retrospective Studies
  13. Economic and cultural influences on the decision to leave home in Peninsular Malaysia
    Johnson RW, DaVanzo J
    Demography, 1998 Feb;35(1):97-114.
    PMID: 9512913
    Although the departure of children from the parental home is an important life-cycle event, few studies have investigated nest-leaving in developing countries. Using retrospective data from the Second Malaysian Family Life Survey, we estimate hazard models of nest-leaving in Peninsular Malaysia. We find that the departure of children, especially sons, responds to economic incentives, including housing costs, family businesses, education, and economic growth, and that ethnic differences in nest-leaving are important. We also find that the median age of departure from home has declined sharply over the past 40 years, a period of rapid social and economic change in Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Retrospective Studies
  14. Fulltext Adjuvant chemotherapy for colorectal cancer: a Malaysian experience
    Lim GCC, Rampal KG, Fuad I, Lim AK
    Med J Malaysia, 1997 Jun;52(2):117-23.
    PMID: 10968068
    This study aims to evaluate the practice of adjuvant chemotherapy in colorectal cancer at the Institute of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Hospital Kuala Lumpur. A retrospective analysis of 320 patients' records from 1986 to 1994 was carried out. Adjuvant chemotherapy was given to 98 patients. Cancers of the rectum and sigmoid colon constituted over 60% of the patients. All the regimes used were 5-fluorouracil-based. The oral route was the most commonly used (55.1%). Toxicity was seldom the reason for stopping treatment (2%). The adjuvant treatment employed has been tolerable while the survival was comparable with other centres.
    Matched MeSH terms: Retrospective Studies
  15. Fulltext An outbreak of BCG related lymphadenitis in Malaysian infants
    Hooi LN, Athiyah SO
    Med J Malaysia, 1994 Dec;49(4):327-35.
    PMID: 7674967
    A study was done on 638 infants with BCG related lymphadenitis seen between August 1990 and December 1993. Most infants (86.5%) had developed symptoms by six months after vaccination and the nodes became suppurative in 317. Surgical procedures were carried out in 82 cases and the rest were managed conservatively. The mean duration to resolution was 6.6 months (range 1 to 29 months). This outbreak was related to a change from the Japan to the Pasteur strain of BCG. The incidence remained high ( > 15 per 1000 live births) despite a dose reduction from 0.1 ml to 0.05 ml, but declined when the Japan strain was reintroduced in April 1992.
    Study site: Chest Clinic, Hospital Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
    Matched MeSH terms: Retrospective Studies
  16. Fulltext A review of acute appendicitis seen in the Taiping District Hospital from July to December, 1990
    Chua MW, Fazidah Y, Khalijah MY, Sofiah ZA, Hashami B, Lim KG
    Med J Malaysia, 1993 Mar;48(1):28-32.
    PMID: 8341169
    In a retrospective study, 455 people were found to have been admitted to the Surgical Unit of the Taiping District Hospital, suspected of acute appendicitis in the study period from 1 July to 31 December 1990. However, only 147 (32.3%) were clinically confirmed to have appendicitis and underwent appendicectomy. Out of these, 120 (81.6%) cases were subjected to detailed analysis. The study showed that the commonest age group affected was the 10 to 20 year old. Males were slightly more often affected but there seemed to be an equal distribution among the major races. The diagnostic accuracy, that is the operated cases that were actually acute appendicitis, was 92.5%. The perforation rate was 31.5%. Fifty-five percent of patients developed some post-operative complications, of which the commonest was fever.
    Matched MeSH terms: Retrospective Studies
  17. Prevalence of visual disorders in Chinese schoolchildren
    Chung KM, Mohidin N, Yeow PT, Tan LL, O'Leary D
    Optom Vis Sci, 1996 Nov;73(11):695-700.
    PMID: 8950751
    We performed a vision screening of 1883 Chinese schoolchildren from 4 schools around Kuala Lumpur in June 1990. The group contained 1083-males and 800 females. Visual acuity, refractive error, oculomotor balance, and axial length were measured. The prevalence of myopia in Chinese schoolchildren was found to be 37% in the 6- to 12-year age group and 50% in the 13- to 18-year age group. Approximately 63% of the sample had unaided visual acuity of 6/6 or better and 24% had unaided acuity of 6/12 or worse. Six hundred twenty-five students (33%) failed the vision screening test and were referred for further examinations. The group which failed the vision screening test and had the highest rate of referral (46%) was the 11- to 12-year-old age group. The most common visual disorder was uncorrected myopia, accounting for 38% of the referrals (235 students). Only 26% of the sample were wearing a spectacle correction.
    Matched MeSH terms: Retrospective Studies
  18. Fulltext Hydatidiform molar pregnancy in Malaysian women: a histopathological study from the University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur
    Cheah PL, Looi LM, Sivanesaratnam V
    Malays J Pathol, 1993 Jun;15(1):59-63.
    PMID: 8277792
    A review of gestational trophoblastic disease diagnosed at the Department of Pathology, University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur from January 1989 to December 1990 using established histological criteria showed 25 complete hydatidiform moles (CHM), 11 partial hydatidiform moles (PHM), 1 invasive mole and 2 choriocarcinoma. The ages of the patients with CHM ranged from 21 to 43 years (mean = 28.5 years) and PHM 20 to 33 years (mean = 27.5 years). The invasive mole occurred in a 42-year-old Malay woman. The two patients with choriocarcinoma were both Chinese and 41 and 46-years old respectively. During the same period, 1,062 non-molar abortions and 13,115 births, inclusive of livebirths and stillbirths were recorded at the University Hospital. The incidence rate of hydatidiform moles was thus estimated to be 1:384 pregnancies. PHM constituted 30% of all molar pregnancies. Hydatidiform moles occurred among the Malays, Chinese and Indians at the rate of 2.43, 2.66 and 3.29 per 1,000 pregnancies respectively. It appears that hydatidiform molar pregnancy has the highest prevalence among the Indians, a finding similar to an earlier Singapore study.
    Matched MeSH terms: Retrospective Studies
  19. Erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis in northeastern Malaysia
    Kamaliah MD, Zainal D, Mokhtar N, Nazmi N
    Int J Dermatol, 1998 Jul;37(7):520-3.
    PMID: 9679693
    BACKGROUND: Previous studies have reported that drugs and infections are common causes of erythema multiforme (EM) and Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS). Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is mainly related to drugs. No study has been conducted in Kelantan, the northeastern state of Malaysia, to assess these cutaneous reactions.

    METHODS: A retrospective study of all hospitalized cases of EM, SJS, and TEN was conducted covering an 8-year period from 1987 to 1994.

    RESULTS: There were four cases (13.8%) of EM, 22 cases (75.9%) of SJS, and three cases (10.3%) of TEN. Drugs as a definitive cause was observed in one case (25%) of EM, 12 cases (54.5%) of SJS, and two cases (66.7%) of TEN. Drugs as a probable cause was observed in seven cases (31.8%) of SJS and one case (33.3%) of TEN. The male to female ratio was equal in EM and SJS. Antiepileptics were the commonest culprits, followed by antibiotics. One patient died of SJS and one patient died of TEN, giving mortality rates of 4.5% and 33.5% respectively. Fever was noted in 18 patients (62.1%). Leukocytosis was noted in 10 patients (34.5%), and nine patients (31.0%) had elevated liver transaminase enzymes. No significant correlation was noted between these biochemical changes and cutaneous eruption. Secondary infections were observed in 11 patients (37.9%): Staphylococcus aureus was the commonest isolated organism.

    CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that drugs remain the commonest culprit in SJS and TEN. Despite adequate treatment, the mortality rate remains high, especially in TEN. These findings are similar to those of other reported studies.

    Matched MeSH terms: Retrospective Studies
  20. Fulltext Late-onset systemic lupus erythematosus: clinical and immunological characteristics
    Shaikh SK, Wang F
    Med J Malaysia, 1995 Mar;50(1):25-31.
    PMID: 7752972
    Between January 1976 and December 1992, 17 patients on follow-up at Systemic Erythematosus (SLE) Clinic in the University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur had onset of the disease after the age of 50 years. This constituted about 4% of our total SLE patients. They formed a distinct subgroup of the lupus population with an insidious onset and have a benign course compared to the younger SLE patients. Arthritis and skin rashes were the commonest initial manifestations. Renal and central nervous system manifestations were uncommon but pulmonary involvement was frequent compared to young SLE patients. The prevalence of positive autoantibodies and hypocomplementaemia were lower. Disease activity showed no correlation with erythrocyte sendimentation rate, autoantibodies or complement levels. Overall prognosis in these late-onset patients was favourable with a good response to steroids and less frequent relapses.
    Study site: SLE clinic, University Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
    Matched MeSH terms: Retrospective Studies
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