Displaying publications 1541 - 1560 of 55674 in total

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  1. Tan DSK, Chew V, Mohd Nuruddin N
    Singapore Med J, 1980 Dec;21(6):769-70.
    PMID: 7221591
    7.8% (8/102) of paired sera sent for dengue investigation turned out to be positive for rubella Instead. Dual infection of dengue with rubella was observed in 3.8% (4/104) cases. The clinical features and the serious implications of misdiagnosis of rubella were discussed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Humans
  2. Ong JS, Wong SN, Arulsamy A, Watterson JL, Shaikh MF
    Curr Neuropharmacol, 2022;20(5):950-964.
    PMID: 34749622 DOI: 10.2174/1570159X19666211108153001
    BACKGROUND: Epilepsy is a devastating neurological disorder that affects nearly 70 million people worldwide. Epilepsy causes uncontrollable, unprovoked and unpredictable seizures that reduce the quality of life of those afflicted, with 1-9 epileptic patient deaths per 1000 patients occurring annually due to sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP). Predicting the onset of seizures and managing them may help patients from harming themselves and may improve their well-being. For a long time, electroencephalography (EEG) devices have been the mainstay for seizure detection and monitoring. This systematic review aimed to elucidate and critically evaluate the latest advancements in medical devices, besides EEG, that have been proposed for the management and prediction of epileptic seizures. A literature search was performed on three databases, PubMed, Scopus and EMBASE.

    METHODS: Following title/abstract screening by two independent reviewers, 27 articles were selected for critical analysis in this review.

    RESULTS: These articles revealed ambulatory, non-invasive and wearable medical devices, such as the in-ear EEG devices; the accelerometer-based devices and the subcutaneous implanted EEG devices might be more acceptable than traditional EEG systems. In addition, extracerebral signalbased devices may be more efficient than EEG-based systems, especially when combined with an intervention trigger. Although further studies may still be required to improve and validate these proposed systems before commercialization, these findings may give hope to epileptic patients, particularly those with refractory epilepsy, to predict and manage their seizures.

    CONCLUSION: The use of medical devices for epilepsy may improve patients' independence and quality of life and possibly prevent sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP).

    Matched MeSH terms: Humans
  3. Koe KH, Veettil SK, Maharajan MK, Syeed MS, Nair AB, Gopinath D
    J Evid Based Dent Pract, 2023 Mar;23(1):101778.
    PMID: 36914303 DOI: 10.1016/j.jebdp.2022.101778
    OBJECTIVE: To compare the relative efficacy and safety of antiviral agents used in the prevention and management of herpes labialis through a network meta-analysis of clinical trials.

    METHODS: A systematic search was performed in Ovid Medline PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Scopus and Clinicaltrials.gov for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reporting a comparison of antiviral agents in the management and prevention of herpes labialis in healthy/immunocompetent adults. The data extracted from the selected RCTs were assessed and a network meta-analysis (NMA) was performed. The interventions were ranked according to the surface under the cumulative ranking (SUCRA).

    RESULTS: A total of 52 articles were included for qualitative synthesis and for the quantitative part, 26 articles were analyzed for the primary treatment outcome and 7 studies were analyzed for the primary prevention outcome. The combination therapy of oral valacyclovir and topical clobetasol was the best ranked with a mean reduction in healing time of -3.50 (95% CI -5.22 to -1.78) followed by vidarabine monophosphate of -3.22 (95% CI -4.59 to -1.85). No significant inconsistencies, heterogeneity, and publication bias were reported for TTH outcome analysis. For primary prevention outcomes, only 7 RCTs fulfilled the inclusion criteria, and none of the interventions was shown to be superior to each other. The absence of adverse events was reported by 16 studies, whereas other studies reported mild side effects only.

    CONCLUSION: NMA highlighted that several agents were effective in the management of herpes labialis among which the combination of oral valacyclovir with topical clobetasol therapy was the most effective in reducing the time to heal. However, further studies are required to determine which intervention is the most effective in preventing the recurrence of herpes labialis.

    Matched MeSH terms: Humans
  4. Sharif A, Afshan S, Qureshi MA
    Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2019 Apr;26(11):11191-11211.
    PMID: 30796670 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04351-7
    Globalization persists the tendency to alter numerous aspects of today's world including religion, transport, language, living styles, and international relations; however, its potential to influence quality of environment is the prime concern for trade and environmental policies guidelines (Audi and Ali 2018). In response to the growing interest for identifying the dynamic relationship between globalization and environmental performance, the present study seeks to investigate the critical link between globalization and ecological footprints in top 15 globalized countries between 1970 and 2016. Applying the novel methods of quantile-on-quantile regression (QQ) and Granger causality in quantiles, the findings examine the manners in which quantiles of globalization affect the quantiles of ecological footprints and vice versa. The empirical results suggest that globalization has a long-term positive effect on ecological footprint and vice versa in case of Belgium, the Netherlands, Sweden, Switzerland, Denmark, Norway, Canada, and Portugal. On the other hand, the estimated results indicate a negative effect between globalization and ecological footprint in the case of France, Germany, the UK, and Hungary. These results extend the recent findings on the globalization-environment nexus implying that the magnitude of relationship among both variables varies with countries demanding individual focus and cautions for postulating environmental and trade policies.
    Matched MeSH terms: Humans
  5. Saw LH, Leo BF, Nor NSM, Yip CW, Ibrahim N, Hamid HHA, et al.
    Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2021 Oct;28(38):53478-53492.
    PMID: 34036501 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14519-9
    The COVID-19 pandemic has plunged the world into uncharted territory, leaving people feeling helpless in the face of an invisible threat of unknown duration that could adversely impact the national economic growths. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the SARS-CoV-2 spreads primarily through droplets of saliva or discharge from the mouth or nose when an infected person coughs or sneezes. However, the transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 through aerosols remains unclear. In this study, computational fluid dynamic (CFD) is used to complement the investigation of the SARS-CoV-2 transmission through aerosol. The Lagrangian particle tracking method was used to analyze the dispersion of the exhaled particles from a SARS-CoV-2-positive patient under different exhale activities and different flow rates of chilled (cooling) air supply. Air sampling of the SARS-CoV-2 patient ward was conducted for 48-h measurement intervals to collect the indoor air sample for particulate with diameter less than 2.5 μm. Then, the reverse transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was conducted to analyze the collected air sample. The simulation demonstrated that the aerosol transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in an enclosed room (such as a hospital ward) is highly possible.
    Matched MeSH terms: Humans
  6. Praveena SM, Aris AZ
    Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2021 Dec;28(45):63829-63836.
    PMID: 33410033 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11774-0
    This study examined the impacts of the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on the environment in the Southeast Asia region using qualitative content analysis to analyze the textual data of published studies and other online references such as the organizational reports. Besides, the materiality assessment particularly the Global Reporting Initiative was conducted by analyzing short- and long-term impacts from the stakeholders' (local and regional policymakers) perspective. The positive effects of COVID-19 lockdown and movement restriction on the regional environment identified in this study included a reduction in air pollution, improvement of air and water quality, lower noise levels, and reduced land surface temperature. In contrast, the negative effects encompassed a rise in the use of plastics and the generation of medical waste in Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, the Philippines, and Vietnam. Materiality assessment findings have offered insights on the need of stakeholders' importance for further to deal with huge amount of waste, inadequate waste management facilities and system, explore the effectiveness of such sustainable work and lifestyle changes, utilize real-time monitoring air quality data and future prediction responses for climate change mitigation and adaptation policies as well as consideration towards new green technologies for clean energy in each Southeast Asian country and at regional level. It is anticipated that this study will contribute towards a better understanding of the impacts of COVID-19 on environmental sustainability in the Southeast Asia region, particularly from the perspective of the stakeholders.
    Matched MeSH terms: Humans
  7. Aliero MS, Pasha MF, Toosi AN, Ghani I
    Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2022 Dec;29(57):85727-85741.
    PMID: 35001275 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17862-z
    The enforcement of the Movement Control Order to curtail the spread of COVID-19 has affected home energy consumption, especially HVAC systems. Occupancy detection and estimation have been recognized as key contributors to improving building energy efficiency. Several solutions have been proposed for the past decade to improve the precision performance of occupancy detection and estimation in the building. Environmental sensing is one of the practical solutions to detect and estimate occupants in the building during uncertain behavior. However, the literature reveals that the performance of environmental sensing is relatively poor due to the poor quality of the training dataset used in the model. This study proposed a smart sensing framework that combined camera-based and environmental sensing approaches using supervised learning to gather standard and robust datasets related to indoor occupancy that can be used for cross-validation of different machine learning algorithms in formal research. The proposed solution is tested in the living room with a prototype system integrated with various sensors using a random forest regressor, although other techniques could be easily integrated within the proposed framework. The primary implication of this study is to predict the room occupation through the use of sensors providing inputs into a model to lower energy consumption. The results indicate that the proposed solution can obtain data, process, and predict occupant presence and number with 99.3% accuracy. Additionally, to demonstrate the impact of occupant number in energy saving, one room with two zones is modeled each zone with air condition with different thermostat controller. The first zone uses IoFClime and the second zone uses modified IoFClime using a design-builder. The simulation is conducted using EnergyPlus software with the random simulation of 10 occupants and local climate data under three scenarios. The Fanger model's thermal comfort analysis shows that up to 50% and 25% energy can be saved under the first and third scenarios.
    Matched MeSH terms: Humans
  8. Kumar M, Hilles AR, Ge Y, Bhatia A, Mahmood S
    Int J Biol Macromol, 2023 Apr 15;234:123696.
    PMID: 36801273 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123696
    The current treatment strategies for diabetic wound care provide only moderate degree of effectiveness; hence new and improved therapeutic techniques are in great demand. Diabetic wound healing is a complex physiological process that involves synchronisation of various biological events such as haemostasis, inflammation, and remodelling. Nanomaterials like polymeric nanofibers (NFs) offer a promising approach for the treatment of diabetic wounds and have emerged as viable options for wound management. Electrospinning is a powerful and cost-effective method to fabricate versatile NFs with a wide array of raw materials for different biological applications. The electrospun NFs have unique advantages in the development of wound dressings due to their high specific surface area and porosity. The electrospun NFs possess a unique porous structure and biological function similar to the natural extracellular matrix (ECM), and are known to accelerate wound healing. Compared to traditional dressings, the electrospun NFs are more effective in healing wounds owing to their distinct characteristics, good surface functionalisation, better biocompatibility and biodegradability. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the electrospinning procedure and its operating principle, with special emphasis on the role of electrospun NFs in the treatment of diabetic wounds. This review discusses the present techniques applied in the fabrication of NF dressings, and highlights the future prospects of electrospun NFs in medicinal applications.
    Matched MeSH terms: Humans
  9. Yong SJ, Halim A, Halim M, Liu S, Aljeldah M, Al Shammari BR, et al.
    Rev Med Virol, 2023 Mar;33(2):e2424.
    PMID: 36708022 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2424
    Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 may inflict a post-viral condition known as post-COVID-19 syndrome (PCS) or long-COVID. Studies measuring levels of inflammatory and vascular biomarkers in blood, serum, or plasma of COVID-19 survivors with PCS versus non-PCS controls have produced mixed findings. Our review sought to meta-analyse those studies. A systematic literature search was performed across five databases until 25 June 2022, with an updated search on 1 November 2022. Data analyses were performed with Review Manager and R Studio statistical software. Twenty-four biomarkers from 23 studies were meta-analysed. Higher levels of C-reactive protein (Standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.20; 95% CI: 0.02-0.39), D-dimer (SMD = 0.27; 95% CI: 0.09-0.46), lactate dehydrogenase (SMD = 0.30; 95% CI: 0.05-0.54), and leukocytes (SMD = 0.34; 95% CI: 0.02-0.66) were found in COVID-19 survivors with PCS than in those without PCS. After sensitivity analyses, lymphocytes (SMD = 0.30; 95% CI: 0.12-0.48) and interleukin-6 (SMD = 0.30; 95% CI: 0.12-0.49) were also significantly higher in PCS than non-PCS cases. No significant differences were noted in the remaining biomarkers investigated (e.g., ferritin, platelets, troponin, and fibrinogen). Subgroup analyses suggested the biomarker changes were mainly driven by PCS cases diagnosed via manifestation of organ abnormalities rather than symptomatic persistence, as well as PCS cases with duration of <6 than ≥6 months. In conclusion, our review pinpointed certain inflammatory and vascular biomarkers associated with PCS, which may shed light on potential new approaches to understanding, diagnosing, and treating PCS.
    Matched MeSH terms: Humans
  10. Zahir NSM, Saad M, Alip A, Rejab M, Jamalludin Z, Hizam NDA, et al.
    Phys Eng Sci Med, 2023 Mar;46(1):405-412.
    PMID: 36806157 DOI: 10.1007/s13246-023-01230-x
    Transperineal ultrasound (TPUS) is an image-guided radiotherapy system used for tracking intrafraction prostate displacements in real time. The objectives of this study are to evaluate intrafraction prostate displacements and derive planning target volume (PTV) margins for prostate radiotherapy at our institution. The ultrasound (US) data of nine prostate cancer patients referred for VMAT radiotherapy was retrieved. Prior to beam on, patient position was set up with the US probe positioned transperineally with the aid of reference images (fused US and computed tomography images). In each fraction, prostate displacements in three directions [superior/inferior (SI), left/right (LR) and anterior/posterior (AP)] were recorded. PTV margins were determined using Van Herk's formula. To assess the prostate displacement time trend, continuous displacement data were plotted in 30-s intervals for eight minutes. The intrafraction prostate monitoring found a population mean setup error (Mp) of 0.8, 0.1, - 1.7 mm, a systematic error of (∑p) 0.7, 0.4, 0.9 mm and random error (σp) of 0.2, 0.1, 0.3 mm in SI, LR and AP directions, respectively. The PTV margin was found to be the largest in the AP direction at 2.5 mm compared with 1.9 mm and 1.1 mm for SI and LR directions, respectively. The PTV margin allowed for prostate radiotherapy at our institution was 2.5 mm in all directions. The prostate displacement time trend showed an increase in intrafraction displacements, with most patients were observed to have strong positive correlation between time and intrafraction prostate displacements in SI direction. TPUS is feasible for monitoring intrafraction displacement of the prostate and may facilitate PTV margin generation to account for such displacements during radiotherapy.
    Matched MeSH terms: Humans
  11. Bari MW, Ramayah T, Di Virgilio F, Alaverdov E
    Front Public Health, 2023;11:1102736.
    PMID: 36817924 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1102736
    Matched MeSH terms: Humans
  12. Kalra S, Dhar M, Afsana F, Aggarwal P, Aye TT, Bantwal G, et al.
    Rev Diabet Stud, 2022 Jun 30;18(2):100-134.
    PMID: 35831938 DOI: 10.1900/RDS.2022.18.100
    The elderly population with diabetes is diverse with the majority experiencing a decline in physical and mental capabilities, impacting the entire diabetes management process. Therefore, a need for geriatric-specific guidelines, especially for the Asian population, was identified and subsequently developed by an expert panel across government and private institutions from several Asian countries. The panel considered clinical evidence (landmark trials, position papers, expert opinions), recommendations from several important societies along with their decades of clinical experience and expertise, while meticulously devising thorough geriatric-specific tailored management strategies. The creation of the ABCDE best practices document underscores and explores the gaps and challenges and determines optimal methods for diabetes management of the elderly population in the Asian region.
    Matched MeSH terms: Humans
  13. Wen LY, Wah LP, Mohamad NF, Singh S, Toong LY
    J Fam Pract, 2023 Mar;72(2):E1-E7.
    PMID: 36947782 DOI: 10.12788/jfp.0563
    A patient's age, clinical presentation, medical history, and circumstances at time of palsy onset suggest likely underlying causes and help prioritize choice of imaging.
    Matched MeSH terms: Humans
  14. Lai SK, Rauf NA, Preet KR, Tan LJ
    PMID: 33666044 DOI: 10.25259/IJDVL_268_20
    Talaromyces marneffei infection is an AIDS-defining illness in South and Southeast Asia. Travel-related talaromycosis is being increasingly recognized in non-endemic areas too. It is a potentially fatal infection with rapid deterioration, if left untreated. Usage of Tzanck cytology smear for rapid diagnosis of T. marneffei is rarely described. In this case study, we report a man who presented with altered behaviour, headache, fever and cutaneous lesions. Tzanck smear test, skin biopsy and blood culture showed presence of T. marneffei. The cytomorphology findings of T. marneffei in Tzanck cytology smear were described. In conclusion, Tzanck smear is a simple and inexpensive test in establishing a rapid clinical diagnosis of talaromycosis before the culture is reported.
    Matched MeSH terms: Humans
  15. Tran TV, Jalil AA, Nguyen DTC, Alhassan M, Nabgan W, Cao ANT, et al.
    Environ Res, 2023 Jan 01;216(Pt 1):114422.
    PMID: 36162476 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114422
    Nowadays, emerging hazardous pollutants have caused many harmful effects on the environment and human health, calling for the state of the art methods for detection, qualification, and treatment. Metal-organic frameworks are porous, flexible, and versatile materials with unique structural properties, which can solve such problems. In this work, we reviewed the synthesis, activation, and characterization, and potential applications of NH2-MIL-53(Al). This material exhibited intriguing breathing effects, and obtained very high surface areas (182.3-1934 m2/g) with diverse morphologies. More importantly, NH2-MIL-53(Al) based materials could be used for the detection and removal of various toxic pollutants such as organic dyes, pharmaceuticals, herbicides, insecticides, phenols, heavy metals, and fluorides. We shed light on plausible adsorption mechanisms such as hydrogen bonds, π-π stacking interactions, and electrostatic interactions onto NH2-MIL-53(Al) adsorbents. Interestingly, NH2-MIL-53(Al) based adsorbents could be recycled for many cycles with high stability. This review also recommended that NH2-MIL-53(Al) based materials can be a good platform for the environmental remediation fields.
    Matched MeSH terms: Humans
  16. McLamore Q, Syropoulos S, Leidner B, Hirschberger G, van Bezouw MJ, Rovenpor D, et al.
    Br J Soc Psychol, 2023 Apr;62(2):992-1012.
    PMID: 36507575 DOI: 10.1111/bjso.12614
    While public health crises such as the coronavirus pandemic transcend national borders, practical efforts to combat them are often instantiated at the national level. Thus, national group identities may play key roles in shaping compliance with and support for preventative measures (e.g., hygiene and lockdowns). Using data from 25,159 participants across representative samples from 21 nations, we investigated how different modalities of ingroup identification (attachment and glorification) are linked with reactions to the coronavirus pandemic (compliance and support for lockdown restrictions). We also examined the extent to which the associations of attachment and glorification with responses to the coronavirus pandemic are mediated through trust in information about the coronavirus pandemic from scientific and government sources. Multilevel models suggested that attachment, but not glorification, was associated with increased trust in science and compliance with federal COVID-19 guidelines. However, while both attachment and glorification were associated with trust in government and support for lockdown restrictions, glorification was more strongly associated with trust in government information than attachment. These results suggest that both attachment and glorification can be useful for promoting public health, although glorification's role, while potentially stronger, is restricted to pathways through trust in government information.
    Matched MeSH terms: Humans
  17. Basnight-Brown D, Janssen SMJ, Thomas AK
    Mem Cognit, 2023 Apr;51(3):505-508.
    PMID: 36859524 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-023-01410-w
    In this editorial, the editors briefly introduce the aims of the Special Issue. If the goal of the scientific field of Cognitive Psychology is to improve our understanding of human cognition, then research needs to be conducted on a much broader slice of humanity than it has mostly been doing. The first aim of this Special Issue was to examine cognitive processes in populations that are different from the typical Western young adult samples often used in previously published studies. Studies in this issue therefore included both non-WEIRD participants as well as WEIRD participants who process information using different sensory experiences (e.g., individuals who are deaf). The second aim was to amplify - where possible - the research of scholars from less well-represented regions. The authors of the studies were affiliated with a diverse range of academic institutes and frequently included partnerships between Western and non-Western investigators.
    Matched MeSH terms: Humans
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