Displaying publications 141 - 160 of 355 in total

Abstract:
Sort:
  1. Tumin M, Mohd Satar NH, Zakaria RH, Raja Ariffin RN, Soo-Kun L, Kok-Peng N, et al.
    Urol J, 2015 Sep 04;12(4):2245-50.
    PMID: 26341766
    PURPOSE: This study explores the factors affecting the willingness of dialysis patients' family members to become involved in living and deceased organ donation.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: We utilize cross sectional data on 350 family members of dialysis patients collected through self-administered survey from June to October 2013. The factors affecting willingness to become deceased and living organ donors among respondents were identified by running logistic regressions.

    RESULTS: The findings reveal that ethnicity, education and role in family are significant factors explaining will­ingness for living donation, while ethnicity, knowledge of organ donation and donor age drive willingness for deceased donation. We also find that the reasons of respondents being unwilling to donate center on the lack of information and family objections for deceased donation, while being medically unfit, scared of surgery and family objections are the reasons for unwillingness to donate living organs.

    CONCLUSION: In light of our findings, educational efforts are suggested to decrease the reluctance to become in­volved in living and deceased donation.

    Matched MeSH terms: Renal Dialysis*
  2. Lee JK, Sara TT
    Med J Malaysia, 2000 Sep;55 Suppl C:35-8.
    PMID: 11200042
    Sixty-five patients with "Snuffbox" arteriovenous fistulae for hemodialysis were reviewed. The procedure was performed under local anaesthesia as an outpatient procedure. It was done as a "standby" procedure for 41.5% of patients with Chronic Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis. 58.5% of patients had the procedure done for primary hemodialysis. Patency was assessed as presence of an engorged vein and presence of thrill. This was assessed routinely at 4 to 6 weeks after the procedure. Patency rate was noted to be 83%. The commonest complication was thrombosis of the arteriovenous anastomosis. Some patients required repeated procedure at a more proximal site. Further study to determine the blood flow rate provided by the anastomosis, and comparison with other anatomical sites is necessary.
    Matched MeSH terms: Renal Dialysis*
  3. Hooi LS
    Med J Malaysia, 1997 Sep;52(3):251-6.
    PMID: 10968094
    A retrospective review of 246 patients with established acute renal failure (ARF) needing dialysis from 1990-1994 is reported from Hospital Sultanah Aminah, Johor Bahru. Peritoneal dialysis was more commonly used than haemodialysis or haemofiltration. Patients on mechanical ventilation in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) who were hypercatabolic and fluid overloaded were treated with haemofiltration. Males outnumbered females by a ratio of 1.5:1. The majority were Malays (61.4%). Most patients were from the district of Johor Bahru, but 41.5% were from other districts in the Johor state. The mean age was 47.1 years (SD 18.2). The ARF was caused by acute tubular necrosis in 55.3%, post-renal obstruction in 22.8%, nephrotoxins in 5.7% and other causes in 16.2%. The proportions of patients referred from the medical, surgical and obstetric and gynaecology units were 50.8%, 45.5% and 3.7% respectively. The mortality rate was 48%. Patients with established ARF should be dialysed early as they tolerate uraemia poorly. Prevention is by prompt treatment of patients with sepsis, avoidance of hypovolaemia and nephrotoxic drugs.
    Matched MeSH terms: Renal Dialysis*
  4. Ng KP, Saw TL, Wong NW, Goh KL, Chuah SY, Nagaratnam M
    Med J Malaysia, 1995 Dec;50(4):302-5.
    PMID: 8668047
    Anti-HCV antibody was detected in 1.9% of the blood donors in University Hospital. Among the risk groups, 33.3% of the patients with post-transfusion hepatitis were tested positive for anti-HCV antibody. The anti-HCV antibody was detected in 30% of the IDU. Haemodialysis patients, patients with acute and chronic hepatitis and patients with liver cirrhosis appeared to have increased risk of Hepatitis C virus infection. The results indicate that the frequency of HCV infection increases with the exposure to blood or blood products.
    Matched MeSH terms: Renal Dialysis/adverse effects
  5. Cheong IKS, Lim VKE, Ujang K
    Med J Malaysia, 1981 Mar;36(1):17-9.
    PMID: 7321932
    38 episodes of peritonitis in 28 patients were recorded among 97 patients undergoing a total of 159 peritoneal dialysis at the Nephrology Unit, General Hospital, Kuala Lumpur between November 1979 to June 1980. Of these only 14 episodes were associated with a positive bacterial culture. Organism of the Moraxella-Acinetobacter group were responsible in 8 episodes. There were 16 positive cultures in patients who had no clinical evidence of peritonitis. The interpretation of bacterial peritonitis in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis must be made on the basis of clinical findings and bacteriological reports.
    Matched MeSH terms: Peritoneal Dialysis/adverse effects*
  6. Segasothy M, Kamal A, Suleiman AB
    Med J Malaysia, 1986 Jun;41(2):144-51.
    PMID: 3821610
    Skeletal radiographs of 122 patients treated by maintenance haemodialysis were reviewed retrospectively for bone disease. Significant radiological bone changes were very low at commencement of dialysis (2- 9%), as well as at six months of dialysis (6.1%). This figure rose to 19.7% when the total period of dialysis was considered. In the latter group, fractures occurred in seven patients (5.7%), erosions in 12 patients (9.8%), vascular calcification in 13 patients (10.7%) and osteosclerosis in eight patients (6.6%). Osteoporosis was noted to be very common (76.2%). Significant bone changes are hence rare in maintenance haemodialysis patients in Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Renal Dialysis*
  7. Suleiman AB, Morad Z, Kamaluddin MA, Kong CT, Awang H, Arshad R, et al.
    Med J Malaysia, 1985 Sep;40(3):239-42.
    PMID: 3842719
    Review of the haemodialysis experience revealed patient survival between 1976 and 1982 to be 90%, 77% and 44% at one, three and six years respectively. This was similar to other published reports. Patients under the age of 50 years did better than those above 50 years, and diabetics did worst of all. There was a high rate of rehabilitation and return to employment or household responsibilities. Our policy of self-care dialysis allowed more patients to be treated without increasing the number of staff Dialysis encephalopathy and sudden deaths were important causes of death.
    Matched MeSH terms: Renal Dialysis/adverse effects*
  8. Suleiman AB, Mohd Zaher ZM, Hamid A, Choo SH, Mok YL
    Med J Malaysia, 1984 Mar;39(1):59-64.
    PMID: 6513841
    A survey to assess the degree of occupational and physical rehabilitation was conducted on patients treated on chronic haemodialysis, using the semiquantitative Karnovsky scale. The survey revealed that over 90% of patients achieved good rehabilitation and returned to employment or to household duties. Chronic haemodialysis is effective in prolonging life and most patients were rehabilitated with useful levels of physical activity.
    Matched MeSH terms: Renal Dialysis*
  9. Suleiman AB, Rejab SM, Khoo HE
    Med J Malaysia, 1986 Mar;41(1):12-8.
    PMID: 3796341
    The clinical syndrome of dialysis encephalopathy which has been observed all over the world has also been seen here. The clinical syndrome and clinical course are reported; it has been associated with high levels of aluminium in untreated water used for haemodialysis. Since the introduction of water treatment, this disease has not been observed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Renal Dialysis/adverse effects*
  10. Aulia Z, Wan Ali WASR, Shahar MA
    Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl, 2018 12 28;29(6):1484-1487.
    PMID: 30588983 DOI: 10.4103/1319-2442.248318
    Burkholderia pseudomallei is a known motile organism in soil. Its infection is usually described in immunocompromised patients. It inflicts serious infection with high mortality and morbidity rate. We report a rare case of an end-stage renal disease patient on regular continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (PD) who developed melioidosis PD peritonitis. Within a short period of time, she developed encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis evidenced by the intraoperative findings of intraabdominal cocooning. Choice and duration of antibiotic are important for proper eradication of the organism. Early diagnosis and treatment of both conditions also may improve the prognoses.
    Matched MeSH terms: Peritoneal Dialysis; Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory
  11. Chong KL, Samsudin A, Keng TC, Kamalden TA, Ramli N
    J Glaucoma, 2017 Feb;26(2):e37-e40.
    PMID: 27599172 DOI: 10.1097/IJG.0000000000000542
    PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of nocturnal intermittent peritoneal dialysis (NIPD) on intraocular pressure (IOP) and anterior segment optical coherence tomography (ASOCT) parameters. Systemic changes associated with NIPD were also analyzed.

    METHODS: Observational study. Nonglaucomatous patients on NIPD underwent systemic and ocular assessment including mean arterial pressure (MAP), body weight, serum osmolarity, visual acuity, IOP measurement, and ASOCT within 2 hours both before and after NIPD. The Zhongshan Angle Assessment Program (ZAAP) was used to measure ASOCT parameters including anterior chamber depth, anterior chamber width, anterior chamber area, anterior chamber volume, lens vault, angle opening distance, trabecular-iris space area, and angle recess area. T tests and Pearson correlation tests were performed with P<0.05 considered statistically significant.

    RESULTS: A total of 46 eyes from 46 patients were included in the analysis. There were statistically significant reductions in IOP (-1.8±0.6 mm Hg, P=0.003), MAP (-11.9±3.1 mm Hg, P<0.001), body weight (-0.7±2.8 kg, P<0.001), and serum osmolarity (-3.4±2.0 mOsm/L, P=0.002) after NIPD. All the ASOCT parameters did not have any statistically significant changes after NIPD. There were no statistically significant correlations between the changes in IOP, MAP, body weight, and serum osmolarity (all P>0.05).

    CONCLUSIONS: NIPD results in reductions in IOP, MAP, body weight, and serum osmolarity in nonglaucomatous patients.

    Matched MeSH terms: Peritoneal Dialysis*
  12. Norazsida Ramli, Syafifa Rajiman, Mohd Ramli Seman
    MyJurnal
    Hyperphosphatemia is the key abnormality that sets off a cascade of metabolic events in chronic kidney disease (CKD). End stage renal disease (ESRD) patients that undergo Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) uses the peritoneal membrane for solutes filtration and clearance. The differences on the evaluation of peritoneal membrane transport status can affect the rate of toxin removal – serum phosphorus, from the systems. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of CAPD patients presented with high phosphate level after starting the treatment, to identify the risk factors associated with hyperphosphatemia and to find the significant correlation between the phosphate level and the PET characteristics. A retrospective study was
    applied for this research where the medical records of patients were reviewed and analyzed between January 2011 to December 2016. Data were collected successfully from 74 adult CAPD patients (41 male, 55.4% and 33 females, 44.6%), with mean age of 51.34 ± 13.75 year-old. In this study, Malays (n= 65, 87.8%) are the largest subjects recruited, while Chinese (n= 6, 8.1%) and Indians (n= 3, 4.1%) made the rest of the subjects. PET characteristics of CAPD patients showed 11 patients had high characteristic (14.9%), 24 high average (32.4%), 26 low average (35.1%) and 5 low (6.8%). There were 37 CAPD patients (50%) presented with high phosphate level after starting the treatment. Simple linear regression revealed that age (p = 0.0052), serum calcium (p= 0.0090), serum albumin (p = 0.0244), normalized protein catabolic rate (nPCR) (p =0.0126), intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) (p = 0.0012), total creatinine clearance (p =0.0470), residual renal creatinine clearance (p = 0.390) and 24-hours urine volume output (p = 0.0060) were risk factors associated with hyperphosphatemia. Pearson’s correlation analysis showed there was no significant correlation between phosphate level and PET characteristics (r = -.232, p = 0.070) while there was significant correlation between PET characteristics and peritoneal solute clearance (r = 0.4748, p < 0.001). In conclusion, serum phosphate level may be associated with daily dietary intake, metabolism and dialysis adequacy. There was no correlation between serum phosphate level and PET characteristic suggesting the rate of the toxin removal might not been affected by the
    differences on peritoneal membrane characteristics suggesting a further understanding on transport status in terms of its mechanism of toxin removal
    Matched MeSH terms: Renal Dialysis; Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory
  13. Chong KS, Pau CP, Azmi MI, Taib ME, Dillon J
    Med J Malaysia, 2020 01;75(1):43-46.
    PMID: 32008019
    INTRODUCTION: Preoperative dialysis-dependent renal failure is a strong independent risk factor for in-hospital mortality and morbidity after open heart surgery. This retrospective study analyses the early outcome in dialysis-dependent renal failure patients who underwent elective open-heart surgery in the Institut Jantung Negara (IJN).

    METHODS: We retrospectively analyse a series of 228 consecutive postoperative patients with dialysis-dependent (end stage renal failure (ESRF)) admitted to the adult cardiothoracic ICU in IJN between January 2012 and December 2016.

    RESULTS: The overall early mortality rate included 34 patients (15.8%). Patients with ESRF underwent combined procedure recorded a very high mortality rate at 56.3%. Twenty-four patients (11.2%) needed resternotomy for postoperative bleeding or cardiac temponade. Postoperative mediastinitis rate was high, involving 13 patients (6%). The neurological and gastrointestinal complications rate were recorded at 2.3% (5 patients) and 6% (13 patients) respectively. In the group of patients (n=199) with sinus rhythm during the preoperative period, 100 patients (50.3%) developed postoperative AF. 77 patients (35.8%) stayed in hospital for more than 14 days.

    CONCLUSIONS: dialysis-dependent patients undergoing cardiac surgery poses higher perioperative risk of mortality and morbidity of 3-4 times higher compared to those patients with normal renal function. IJN shows acceptable perioperative risk of mortality and morbidity which is comparable to other centres.

    Matched MeSH terms: Renal Dialysis*
  14. Wong XZ, Gan CC, Mohamed R, Yahya R, Ganapathy S, Tan SS, et al.
    BMC Nephrol, 2020 11 13;21(1):480.
    PMID: 33187498 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-020-02154-4
    BACKGROUND: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infects more than 71 million people worldwide and chronic HCV infection increases the risk of liver cirrhosis and failure. Haemodialysis (HD) is one of the renal replacement therapies with risk of HCV transmission. Anti-HCV antibodies are the serological screening test for HCV infection that does not detect active phase of infection. Majority HCV infected HD patients in Malaysia do not have further HCV RNA performed due to high cost and thus HCV treatment is less frequently offered. HCV Core Antigen (HCV Ag) can potentially be used to diagnose active HCV infection in HD population in comparison to HCV RNA, at lower cost.

    METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study to assess the correlation between HCV Ag and HCV RNA and to identify the prevalence of active HCV infection among HCV seropositive HD patients from dialysis centres across West Malaysia from July 2019 to May 2020. Pre-dialysis blood was taken and tested for both HCV Ag and HCV RNA tests. HCV Ag was tested with Abbott ARCHITECT HCV Ag test.

    RESULTS: We recruited 112 seropositive HD patients from 17 centres with mean age of 54.04 ± 11.62 years, HD vintage of 14.1 ± 9.7 years, and male constitute 59.8% (67) of the study population. HCV Ag correlates well with HCV RNA (Spearman test coefficient 0.833, p  3000 IU/mL, HCV Ag had a higher sensitivity of 95.1% and greater correlation (Spearman test coefficient 0.897, p 

    Matched MeSH terms: Dialysis; Renal Dialysis
  15. Khor BH, Sahathevan S, Sualeheen A, Ali MSM, Narayanan SS, Chinna K, et al.
    Sci Rep, 2021 01 14;11(1):1416.
    PMID: 33446880 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80812-1
    The metabolic impact of circulating fatty acids (FAs) in patients requiring hemodialysis (HD) is unknown. We investigated the associations between plasma triglyceride (TG) FAs and markers of inflammation, insulin resistance, nutritional status and body composition. Plasma TG-FAs were measured using gas chromatography in 341 patients on HD (age = 55.2 ± 14.0 years and 54.3% males). Cross-sectional associations of TG-FAs with 13 markers were examined using multivariate linear regression adjusted for potential confounders. Higher levels of TG saturated fatty acids were associated with greater body mass index (BMI, r = 0.230), waist circumference (r = 0.203), triceps skinfold (r = 0.197), fat tissue index (r = 0.150), serum insulin (r = 0.280), and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (r = 0.276), but lower malnutrition inflammation score (MIS, r =  - 0.160). Greater TG monounsaturated fatty acid levels were associated with lower lean tissue index (r =  - 0.197) and serum albumin (r =  - 0.188), but higher MIS (r = 0.176). Higher levels of TG n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were associated with lower MIS (r =  - 0.168) and interleukin-6 concentrations (r =  - 0.115). Higher levels of TG n-6 PUFAs were associated with lower BMI (r =  - 0.149) but greater serum albumin (r = 0.112). In conclusion, TG monounsaturated fatty acids were associated with poor nutritional status, while TG n-3 PUFAs were associated with good nutritional status. On the other hand, TG saturated fatty acids and TG n-6 PUFAs had both favorable and unfavorable associations with nutritional parameters.
    Matched MeSH terms: Renal Dialysis*
  16. Zakaria NF, Mohd Noor MT, Abdullah R
    BMC Complement Med Ther, 2021 Mar 16;21(1):94.
    PMID: 33726722 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-021-03268-4
    BACKGROUND: In the era of digital and improved conventional medicine, many continue to use traditional and complementary medicine (TCM). The prevalence of its usage is not well reported, especially in patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) receiving haemodialysis, thus its benefits and adverse effects are not widely known. This study determines the prevalence, types, perceptions and factors associated with TCM use by chronic haemodialysis patients in Malaysia.

    METHODS: This is a multi-centre cross-sectional study involving patients undergoing haemodialysis treatment in Malaysia. A validated face-to-face questionnaire-based interview was conducted. Sociodemographic and clinical profiles of the patients, factors associated with TCM use, perceptions, sources of information, and disclosures to treating doctors were obtained. Data were analysed using SPSS software.

    RESULTS: A total of n = 329 participants were recruited. The mean age of the participants was 54.9 ± 12.5 years. The majority were Malays (72%) and females (54.7%). A total of 64.7% (n = 213) reported TCM use; n = 132 used TCM before the initiation of dialysis, while n = 81 used TCM after initiation. In the post-hoc analysis, patients who had never used TCM had a higher mean age (56.7 ± 12.3 years) than the patients who used TCM (51.1 ± 13.1) (p = 0.015) and were likely to have received primary education (p = 0.011). Unemployment was more likely to be associated with non-TCM use; with odds ratio 1.85 (95% CI: 1.15, 2.98). Biologically based therapy was found to be the most popular (97.2%) type of TCM, including herbal medicine (67.6%) and supplements (58.0%). Most respondents did not disclose their TCM use to their doctors (72.3%), and 41.8% had the perception that they felt better.

    CONCLUSIONS: TCM is widely used among chronic haemodialysis patients in Malaysia, mainly herbal medicine and supplements. Non-disclosure to healthcare professionals and a poor monitoring and regulation of its use in ESKD patients could be detrimental. Awareness needs to be raised among healthcare professionals and the general population.

    TRIAL REGISTRATION: The Ethics Committee for Research, University Putra Malaysia (13th March 2019). Reference: UPM/TNCPI/RMC/1.4.18.2 ( JKEUPM ).

    Matched MeSH terms: Renal Dialysis*
  17. Albert C, Zapf A, Haase M, Röver C, Pickering JW, Albert A, et al.
    Am J Kidney Dis, 2020 12;76(6):826-841.e1.
    PMID: 32679151 DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2020.05.015
    RATIONALE & OBJECTIVE: The usefulness of measures of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) in urine or plasma obtained on clinical laboratory platforms for predicting acute kidney injury (AKI) and AKI requiring dialysis (AKI-D) has not been fully evaluated. We sought to quantitatively summarize published data to evaluate the value of urinary and plasma NGAL for kidney risk prediction.

    STUDY DESIGN: Literature-based meta-analysis and individual-study-data meta-analysis of diagnostic studies following PRISMA-IPD guidelines.

    SETTING & STUDY POPULATIONS: Studies of adults investigating AKI, severe AKI, and AKI-D in the setting of cardiac surgery, intensive care, or emergency department care using either urinary or plasma NGAL measured on clinical laboratory platforms.

    SELECTION CRITERIA FOR STUDIES: PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and congress abstracts ever published through February 2020 reporting diagnostic test studies of NGAL measured on clinical laboratory platforms to predict AKI.

    DATA EXTRACTION: Individual-study-data meta-analysis was accomplished by giving authors data specifications tailored to their studies and requesting standardized patient-level data analysis.

    ANALYTICAL APPROACH: Individual-study-data meta-analysis used a bivariate time-to-event model for interval-censored data from which discriminative ability (AUC) was characterized. NGAL cutoff concentrations at 95% sensitivity, 95% specificity, and optimal sensitivity and specificity were also estimated. Models incorporated as confounders the clinical setting and use versus nonuse of urine output as a criterion for AKI. A literature-based meta-analysis was also performed for all published studies including those for which the authors were unable to provide individual-study data analyses.

    RESULTS: We included 52 observational studies involving 13,040 patients. We analyzed 30 data sets for the individual-study-data meta-analysis. For AKI, severe AKI, and AKI-D, numbers of events were 837, 304, and 103 for analyses of urinary NGAL, respectively; these values were 705, 271, and 178 for analyses of plasma NGAL. Discriminative performance was similar in both meta-analyses. Individual-study-data meta-analysis AUCs for urinary NGAL were 0.75 (95% CI, 0.73-0.76) and 0.80 (95% CI, 0.79-0.81) for severe AKI and AKI-D, respectively; for plasma NGAL, the corresponding AUCs were 0.80 (95% CI, 0.79-0.81) and 0.86 (95% CI, 0.84-0.86). Cutoff concentrations at 95% specificity for urinary NGAL were>580ng/mL with 27% sensitivity for severe AKI and>589ng/mL with 24% sensitivity for AKI-D. Corresponding cutoffs for plasma NGAL were>364ng/mL with 44% sensitivity and>546ng/mL with 26% sensitivity, respectively.

    LIMITATIONS: Practice variability in initiation of dialysis. Imperfect harmonization of data across studies.

    CONCLUSIONS: Urinary and plasma NGAL concentrations may identify patients at high risk for AKI in clinical research and practice. The cutoff concentrations reported in this study require prospective evaluation.

    Matched MeSH terms: Renal Dialysis*
  18. Wong SW, Chan YM, Lim TS
    Malays J Nutr, 2011 Dec;17(3):277-86.
    PMID: 22655450 MyJurnal
    There is mounting evidence demonstrating the importance of adequate physical activity to promote better well-being among hemodialysis patients. Available data pertaining to the levels of physical activity and its determinants among hemodialysis patients is, however, scarce in Malaysia. The objectives of this study are hence to determine the levels of physical activity and it associated factors among hemodialysis patients.
    Matched MeSH terms: Renal Dialysis*
  19. Khalatbari-Soltani S, Tabibi H
    Clin Exp Nephrol, 2015 Jun;19(3):331-5.
    PMID: 25446285 DOI: 10.1007/s10157-014-1061-3
    Inflammation is a common complication in hemodialysis (HD) patients with no valid treatment strategy. In addition, carnitine deficiency occurs frequently in HD patients because of intradialytic loss of carnitine, impaired de novo carnitine renal synthesis, and reduced dietary intake. It appears that carnitine deficiency is related to inflammation in HD patients. A few clinical trials have investigated the effect of L-carnitine supplement on inflammatory markers in HD patients. All studies in this field, except one, showed that L-carnitine could significantly reduce C-reactive protein and serum amyloid A, as two systemic inflammation markers, in HD patients. Therefore, considering high prevalence of inflammation and carnitine deficiency in HD patients, L-carnitine therapy is a reasonable approach for reducing systemic inflammation and its complications in these patients.
    Matched MeSH terms: Renal Dialysis/adverse effects*
  20. Fauziah K, Go KW, Ghazali A, Zaki M, Lim TO
    BMC Nephrol, 2017 Apr 03;18(1):123.
    PMID: 28372556 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-017-0537-2
    BACKGROUND: Pre-produced bicarbonate concentrates (PPC) are still widely used in developing countries despite its cost and risk but Central Concentrate System (CCS) is lacking in data to support its wider adoption.

    METHODS: We conducted an 8-week randomized crossover study on 16 Hemodialysis machines to compare CCS versus PPC. Performance is assessed by solute concentrations while safety is assessed by microbial count, endotoxin level and adverse event reporting.

    RESULTS: Microbial counts and endotoxin levels were monitored on 48 occasions during the 8-week study for the CCS arm of the study. The levels were all below the action limit during the study. No patient reported any adverse events. Dialysate Sodium, Chloride and Bicarbonate concentrations were measured on a total of 128 occasions for each arm of the study. The relative deviations of Sodium, Chloride and Bicarbonate concentration were within ±5% of their nominal values for both. The 95% Confidence Intervals for the ratio of the mean solute concentrations on the CCS to PPC lie within the tolerance limit of ±5%.

    CONCLUSION: Modern CCS is bacteriologically safe and its performance statistically equivalent to PPC.

    Matched MeSH terms: Renal Dialysis/methods*
Filters
Contact Us

Please provide feedback to Administrator (afdal@afpm.org.my)

External Links