Displaying publications 1881 - 1900 of 2022 in total

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  1. Lai PS, Chua SS, Chan SP
    J Clin Pharm Ther, 2012 Oct;37(5):536-43.
    PMID: 22380577 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2710.2012.01335.x
    Pharmacists have been involved in providing comprehensive interventions to osteoporosis patients, but pharmaceutical care issues (PCIs) encountered during such interventions have not been well documented. Therefore, the aim of this study was to document PCIs encountered by post-menopausal osteoporotic women prescribed bisphosphonates.
    Matched MeSH terms: Aged, 80 and over
  2. Choon SE, Lai NM
    Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol, 2012 Nov-Dec;78(6):734-9.
    PMID: 23075643 DOI: 10.4103/0378-6323.102367
    BACKGROUND: The prevalence, clinical patterns, and causative drugs of cutaneous adverse drug reactions (cADR) vary among the different populations previously studied.
    AIM: To determine the prevalence, the clinical patterns of drug eruptions, and the common drugs implicated, particularly in severe cADR such as Stevens-Johnson Syndrome/Toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN) and drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) in our population.
    METHODS: We analyzed the database established for all cADR seen by the department of Dermatology from January 2001 till December 2010.
    RESULTS: A total of 362 cADR were seen among 42 170 new clinic attendees, yielding an incidence rate of 0.86%. The most common reaction pattern seen was maculopapular eruption (153 cases) followed by SJS/TEN (110 cases) and DRESS (34 cases). Antibiotics was the most commonly implicated drug group (146 cases) followed by anticonvulsants (81 cases) and antigout drugs (50 cases). The most frequently implicated drug was allopurinol (50 cases). Carbamazepine, allopurinol, and cotrimoxazole were the three main causative drugs of SJS/TEN accounting for 21.8%, 20.9%, and 12.7%, respectively, of the 110 cases seen, whereas DRESS was mainly caused by allopurinol (15 cases). Mortality rates for TEN, SJS, and DRESS were 28.6%, 2.2%, and 5.9%, respectively.
    CONCLUSIONS: The low rate of cADR with a high proportion of severe reactions observed in this study was probably due to referral bias. Otherwise, the reaction patterns and drugs causing cADR in our population were similar to those seen in other countries. Carbamazepine, allopurinol, and cotrimoxazole were the three main causative drugs of SJS/TEN in our population.
    Study site: department of dermatology in Hospital Sultanah Aminah
    Matched MeSH terms: Aged, 80 and over
  3. Hassan BA, Yusoff ZB, Hassali MA, Othman SB
    Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2011;12(10):2753-8.
    PMID: 22320987
    INTRODUCTION: Anemia is considered as one of the most frequent hematological demonstration of malignant diseases, which lead to momentous impairment in every tissues and organs of cancer patients and put them under serious stress. This major problem may arise because of the underlining diseases (i.e., cancer diseases) or radiotherapy or chemotherapy treatment received. This present study tries to find the association between anemia onset and severity with different chemotherapeutics regimens used in the treatment of several solid cancers and to find the association of anemia onset and severity with different doses of these chemotherapeutics drugs.

    METHODS: This retrospective observational study was conducted in Penang General Hospital on 534 anemic solid cancer patients who were admitted between 2003 and 2009. The main statistical tests used were Chi-square test and Logistic regression test for categorical data. While for continues data the main statistical tests were Linear regression and correlation test. The significance of the result will be when the P<0.05, while the confidence interval for this study was 95%.

    RESULTS: FEC, 5-FU+5-FU, Docetaxel and Cisplatin+ 5-FU regimen has strong association and correlation with anemia onset and severity. However the associations and correlations with anemia severity were stronger than those with the onset. Different doses of 5-FU, cyclophosphamide, docetaxel and cisplatin play a critical role in anemia onset and severity.

    CONCLUSION: Monitoring and determination of hemoglobin levels for cancer patients treated with FEC, 5-FU+5-FU, Docetaxel, Cisplatin+ 5-FU specifically with high doses must be emphasized and a focus of particular attention.

    Matched MeSH terms: Aged, 80 and over
  4. Alfizah H, Ramelah M, Rizal AM, Anwar AS, Isa MR
    Helicobacter, 2012 Oct;17(5):340-9.
    PMID: 22967117 DOI: 10.1111/j.1523-5378.2012.00956.x
    Polymorphisms of Helicobacter pylori cagA and vacA genes do exist and may contribute to differences in H. pylori infection and gastroduodenal diseases among races in the Malaysian population. This study was conducted to characterize the polymorphisms in H. pylori cagA and vacA in Malaysian population.
    Matched MeSH terms: Aged, 80 and over
  5. Aravind SR, Ismail SB, Balamurugan R, Gupta JB, Wadhwa T, Loh SM, et al.
    Curr Med Res Opin, 2012 Aug;28(8):1289-96.
    PMID: 22738801 DOI: 10.1185/03007995.2012.707119
    To compare the incidence of symptomatic hypoglycemia between sitagliptin and sulfonylurea in Muslim patients with type 2 diabetes who fasted during Ramadan.
    Matched MeSH terms: Aged, 80 and over
  6. Singh S, Khang TF, Andiappan H, Nissapatorn V, Subrayan V
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 2012 May;106(5):322-6.
    PMID: 22480791 DOI: 10.1016/j.trstmh.2012.01.009
    Toxoplasma gondii is a public health risk in developing countries, especially those located in the tropics. Widespread infection may inflict a substantial burden on state resources, as patients can develop severe neurological defects and ocular diseases that result in lifelong loss of economic independence. We tested sera for IgG antibody from 493 eye patients in Malaysia. Overall age-adjusted seroprevalence was estimated to be 25% (95% CI: [21%, 29%]). We found approximately equal age-adjusted seroprevalence in Chinese (31%; 95% CI: [25%, 38%]) and Malays (29%; 95% CI: [21%, 36%]), followed by Indians (19%; 95% CI: [13%, 25%]). A logistic regression of the odds for T. gondii seroprevalence against age, gender, ethnicity and the occurrence of six types of ocular diseases showed that only age and ethnicity were significant predictors. The odds for T. gondii seroprevalence were 2.7 (95% CI for OR: [1.9, 4.0]) times higher for a patient twice as old as the other, with ethnicity held constant. In Malays, we estimated the odds for T. gondii seroprevalence to be 2.9 (95% CI for OR: [1.8, 4.5]) times higher compared to non-Malays, with age held constant. Previous studies of T. gondii seroprevalence in Malaysia did not explicitly adjust for age, rendering comparisons difficult. Our study highlights the need to adopt a more rigorous epidemiological approach in monitoring T. gondii seroprevalence in Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Aged, 80 and over
  7. Jaafar H, Abdullah S, Murtey MD, Idris FM
    Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2012;13(8):3857-62.
    PMID: 23098483
    A total of 96 cases of invasive breast ductal carcinoma were examined for immunohistochemical expression of Bax and Bcl-2 in the epithelial tumor cells and endothelial cells of the blood vessels. We also investigated the association between both proteins in the epithelium in relation to tumor characteristics such as tumor size, grade, lymph node involvement, microvessel density (MVD), hormonal receptors expression and c-erbB-2 overexpression. Bax expression showed a significant association between tumor and endothelial cells (p<0.001) while Bcl-2 expression in tumor cells was inversely associated with that in the endothelial cells (p<0.001). Expression of Bcl-2 in tumor cells was strongly associated with expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors (p=0.003 and p=0.004, respectively). In addition, intratumoral MVD was significantly higher than peritumoral MVD (p<0.001) but not associated with Bax or Bcl-2 expression and other tumor characteristics. We concluded that the number of endothelial cells undergoing apoptosis was in direct linkage with the number of apoptotic tumor cells. Anti-apoptotic activity of the surviving tumor cells appears to propagate cancer progression and this was influenced by the hormonal status of the cells. Tumor angiogenesis was especially promoted in the intratumoral region and angiogenesis was independent of anti-apoptotic activity.
    Matched MeSH terms: Aged, 80 and over
  8. Al-Mekhlafi AM, Mahdy MA, Al-Mekhlafi HM, Azazy AA, Fong MY
    Parasit Vectors, 2011;4:94.
    PMID: 21619624 DOI: 10.1186/1756-3305-4-94
    Malaria remains a significant health problem in Yemen with Plasmodium falciparum being the predominant species which is responsible for 90% of the malaria cases. Despite serious concerns regarding increasing drug resistance, chloroquine is still used for the prevention and treatment of malaria in Yemen. This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of choloroquine resistance (CQR) of P. falciparum isolated from Yemen based on the pfcrt T76 mutation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Aged, 80 and over
  9. Cheah PL, Looi LM, Mun KS, Abdoul Rahman N, Teoh KH
    Malays J Pathol, 2011 Dec;33(2):83-7.
    PMID: 22299207
    On integration into the host cervical keratinocyte genome, human papillomavirus (HPV) E7 protein binds pRB,releasing E2F from normally incompetent pRB-E2F complexes and allowing propagation of G1-S transition by the E2F. p16(INK4a), a tumour suppressor protein, increases in reflex response to counter this. 29 histologically re-confirmed low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL), 27 high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) and 30 invasive cervical squamous carcinoma (SCC) were immunohistochemically stained for p16(INK4a) expression using the CINtec Histology Kit (REF 9511, mtm laboratories AG, Heidelberg, Germany) to re-affirm the notion that integration of HPV occurs predominantly in SCC and possibly HSIL and less in LSIL and normal squamous epithelium (NSqE). Implicit was also the attempt to understand the role of E2F, as indicated by p16(INK4a), in evolution of SCC from HSIL. No ethnic predilection was noted for LSIL, HSIL or SCC. Patients with SCC were significantly older by about 14-years compared with HSIL (p < 0.05) while there was no significant age difference between HSIL and LSIL. p16(INK4a) expression was significantly increased (p < 0.05) in both HSIL (88.9%) and SCC (83.3%) compared with LSIL (3.4%) and NSqE (0%); the NSqE being normal squamous epithelium noted in 17 of the LSIL, 19 HSIL and 5 SCC. From these findings there is suggestion that fundamental upstream events viz HPV integration, E7 upregulation followed by E2F activation occurs at point of transformation to HSIL and continues unrelentingly for another one to two decades before hitherto unclear factors convert a non-invasive lesion into an overtly invasive malignant counterpart. Interestingly, the occurrence of HSIL and LSIL in almost the same age group could mean that alteration from episomal to integrated form of HPV may not incur a prolonged incubation period, unlike from HSIL to SCC.
    Matched MeSH terms: Aged, 80 and over
  10. Rosdinom R, Fazli A, Ruzyanei NJ, Azlin B, Srijit D
    Clin Ter, 2011;162(1):23-9.
    PMID: 21448542
    BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Parkinson disease (PD) is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer disease. Besides motor presentations, cognitive impairment is among the other likely complications as the illness progresses. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of cognitive impairment in PD and the factors associated with the cognitive impairment.
    MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted on all PD patients at different stages of their illness, in two major tertiary hospitals in Malaysia with their caregivers, over a three month period in 2002. Patients' cognitive functions were tested using the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE). Important sociodemographic data and relevant clinical information of the patients as well as caregivers' information on income, duration of care-giving, relationship with the patient, and other relevant variables were gathered. Patients' level of functioning was assessed using the Activities of Daily Living (ADL) index. Staging of illness was done based on the Hoehn and Yahr Scale.
    RESULTS: Out of 115 eligible patients, 35% were in the 60-69 age group with 57% in stage 2 of illness, A total of 29% of patients experienced various degrees of cognitive impairment , with almost half (47%) in the stage 3 and 4 exhibiting MMSE scores <24. Factors which were significantly associated with impaired cognitions were race, educational level and stage of illness.
    CONCLUSION: Cognitive impairment was fairly common in PD and the severity of impairment in cognition and physical functioning increased with the advancement of the illness.
    Matched MeSH terms: Aged, 80 and over
  11. Qua CS, Goh KL
    J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2011 Aug;26(8):1333-7.
    PMID: 21443669 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2011.06732.x
    To determine the etiology of liver cirrhosis and risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in a multiracial Asian population.
    Matched MeSH terms: Aged, 80 and over
  12. Hassan Y, Al-Jabi SW, Aziz NA, Looi I, Zyoud SH
    Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol, 2012 Apr;110(4):370-7.
    PMID: 22023326 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-7843.2011.00825.x
    There has been recent interest in combining antiplatelets, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and statins in primary and secondary ischaemic stroke prevention. This observational study was performed to evaluate the impact of adding ACEIs and/or statins to antiplatelets on post-stroke in-hospital mortality. Ischaemic stroke patients attending a hospital in Malaysia over an 18-month period were evaluated. Patients were categorized according to their vital status at discharge. Data included demographic information, risk factors, clinical characteristics and previous medications with particular attention on antiplatelets, ACEIs and statins. In-hospital mortality was compared among patients who were not taking antiplatelets, ACEIs or statins before stroke onset versus those who were taking antiplatelets alone or in combination with either ACEIs, statins or both. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 15. Overall, 637 patients met the study inclusion criteria. After controlling for the effects of confounders, adding ACEIs or statins to antiplatelets significantly decreased the incidence of death after stroke attack by 68% (p = 0.036) and 81% (p = 0.010), respectively, compared to patients on antiplatelets alone or none of these medications. Additionally, the addition of both ACEIs and statins to antiplatelet medication resulted in the highest reduction (by 94%) of the occurrence of death after stroke attack (p < 0.001). Our results suggest that adding ACEIs and/or statins to antiplatelets for patients at risk of developing stroke, either as a primary or as a secondary preventive regimen, was associated with a significant reduction in the incidence of mortality after ischaemic stroke than antiplatelets alone. These results might help reduce the rate of ischaemic stroke morbidity and mortality by enhancing the application of specific therapeutic and management strategies for patients at a high risk of acute stroke.
    Matched MeSH terms: Aged, 80 and over
  13. Deris ZZ, Shafei MN, Harun A
    Asian Pac J Trop Biomed, 2011 Aug;1(4):313-5.
    PMID: 23569782 DOI: 10.1016/S2221-1691(11)60050-6
    To determine the risk factors and outcomes of imipenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (IRAB) bloodstream infection (BSI) cases, since there is very little publication on Acinetobacter baumannii infections from Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Aged, 80 and over
  14. Dhanoa A, Fang NC, Hassan SS, Kaniappan P, Rajasekaram G
    Virol J, 2011;8:501.
    PMID: 22050645 DOI: 10.1186/1743-422X-8-501
    Numerous reports have described the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of influenza A (H1N1) 2009 infected patients. However, data on the effects of bacterial coinfection on these patients are very scarce. Therefore, this study explores the impact of bacterial coinfection on the clinical and laboratory parameters amongst H1N1 hospitalized patients.

    Study site: Hospital Sultanah Aminah Johor Bahru
    Matched MeSH terms: Aged, 80 and over
  15. Vaiyapuri GR, Han HC, Lee LC, Tseng LA, Wong HF
    Int Urogynecol J, 2011 Jul;22(7):869-77.
    PMID: 21479713 DOI: 10.1007/s00192-011-1400-9
    INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS: This retrospective study reports the 1-year outcome in women who underwent mesh-augmented Prolift surgery performed from 2006 to 2008. There were a total of 254 patients, with 128, 106 and 20 patients receiving total, anterior and posterior Prolift, respectively.

    METHODS: Incidence of thigh pain was lower in 2008 compared to 2006 and 2007 (p < 0.0001). The percentage of patients requiring blood transfusions (p = 0.09), duration of IDC ≥ 7 days (p = 0.27), wound dehiscence and re-operation rate were lower in 2008 in contrast to 2006 and 2007 (p = 0.43). Only 209 patients (82.3%) were available for review at 1 year. There were two (1.0%) cases of recurrent vault prolapse.

    RESULTS: The subjective and objective cure rates at 1 year after this mesh implant surgery in 2006, 2007 and 2008 were 92.1% and 92.1%; 97.0% and 92.4% and 100% and 97%, respectively. The mesh erosion rate was remarkably lower in 2008 as compared to 2007 and 2006 (p < 0.001).

    CONCLUSIONS: This synthetic mesh-augmented implant surgery is effective and safe, and surgical outcome appears related to the learning curve of the surgeon.

    Matched MeSH terms: Aged, 80 and over
  16. Koay CL, Lim JA, Siar CH
    Oral Dis, 2011 Mar;17(2):210-6.
    PMID: 20796228 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-0825.2010.01724.x
    OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of tongue lesions in Malaysian dental outpatients from the Klang Valley area.
    SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A cross sectional study was conducted on 600 Malaysian outpatients (257 men, 343 women, mean age, 37.7 years) attending the Primary Dental Care Unit at the Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya. Demographic and medical data were recorded for all respondents.
    RESULTS: One hundred eighty-one patients (30.2%) (81 men, 100 women, mean age 42.0 years) were diagnosed with at least one tongue lesion (n = 207) at the time of examination. Of these, 24 patients (4%) had two or more tongue lesions present synchronously. Seven different lesions were diagnosed: fissured tongue (13.8%), crenated tongue (7.8%), pigmented tongue (6.2%), geographic tongue (2.2%), ankyloglossia (1.7%), hairy tongue (1.0%) and median rhomboid glossitis (0.2%). Their racial prevalences were Malays (n = 65, 10.8%), Indians (n = 62, 10.3%), Chinese (n = 53, 8.8%) and other race (n = 1, 0.2%). A significant relationship was observed between crenated tongue and race; between four types of tongue lesions (fissured tongue, geographic tongue, crenated tongue and pigmented tongue) and age; and between fissured tongue and gender (P 
    Matched MeSH terms: Aged, 80 and over
  17. Lim SY, Hodaie M, Fallis M, Poon YY, Mazzella F, Moro E
    Arch. Neurol., 2010 May;67(5):584-8.
    PMID: 20457958 DOI: 10.1001/archneurol.2010.69
    Gamma knife thalamotomy (GKT) has been used as a therapeutic option for patients with disabling tremor refractory to medications. Impressive improvement of tremor has been reported in the neurosurgical literature, but the reliability of such data has been questioned.
    Matched MeSH terms: Aged, 80 and over
  18. Deris ZZ, Hasan H, Siti Suraiya MN
    J Infect Dev Ctries, 2010 Aug 04;4(7):430-5.
    PMID: 20818090
    BACKGROUND: Melioidosis is an important public health problem causing community acquired sepsis in the northeastern part of Malaysia.

    METHODOLOGY: From January 2001 to December 2005, we reviewed case reports of all bacteraemic melioidosis admitted to a tertiary teaching hospital, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia.

    RESULTS: Thirty-five patients had positive blood culture for meliodosis and 27 case reports were traceable for further analysis. The mean age was 46.8 + 20.0 years. Twenty patients (74.1%) were male. The main clinical presentation was fever that occurred in 23 (85.2%) patients. Eighteen patients (66.7%) had lung involvement and three patients had liver abscess. Two patients presented with scrotal swelling, one of whom further developed Fournier's Gangrene. Nineteen (70.4%) patients had underlying diabetes, five of whom were newly diagnosed during the admission. Thirteen (48.1%) patients were treated with high-dose ceftazidime and six (22.2%) patients were treated with imipenem. Eight (29.6%) patients were not given anti-melioidosis therapy because the causative agents were not identified until after the patients died. The patients were admitted 16.8 days + 18.1. Seventeen patients (63.0%) died in this series, 13 patients of whom died within four days of admission.

    CONCLUSIONS: The wide range of clinical presentations and the fatal outcomes of melioidosis require a high level of suspicion among physicians to develop an early appropriate therapy and reduce the mortality rate.

    Matched MeSH terms: Aged, 80 and over
  19. Tavintharan S, Ning Cheung, Su Chi Lim, Tay W, Shankar A, Shyong Tai E, et al.
    Diab Vasc Dis Res, 2009 Apr;6(2):80-6.
    PMID: 20368197 DOI: 10.1177/1479164109336043
    We describe the prevalence and risk factors for PAD in Asian Malays with diabetes. A population-based study of 3,280 (78.7% response) Malay persons aged 40-80 years in Singapore was conducted. ABI was measured in all participants with a history of diabetes (N=634). PAD was defined to be present if ABI
    Matched MeSH terms: Aged, 80 and over
  20. Ramli R, Rahman NA, Rahman RA, Hussaini HM, Hamid AL
    Dent Traumatol, 2011 Apr;27(2):122-6.
    PMID: 21281443 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-9657.2010.00968.x
    Aetiology of oral and maxillofacial injuries in this country includes motorvehicle accident (MVA), fall, industrial accidents and others. Among these causes, MVA accident is the predominant cause of injury in Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Aged, 80 and over
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