METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 292 personnel working in Klang Valley preschools. The participants completed an online questionnaire asking about sociodemographic information and food allergy KAM. Mann-Whitney U and chi-squared tests were used to compare the KAM level between public and private preschool personnel and examine the association of KAM of food allergy with various sociodemographic factors, respectively.
RESULTS: Some 86.3% of the participants demonstrated a low level of food allergy knowledge, 64.7% showed a negative food allergy attitude and 57.9% indicated fair food allergy management. The total mean score for food allergy knowledge was higher (p
OBJECTIVE: This paper presents a novel, safe and cost-effective approach to temporary tracheal ventilation of the obstructed airway in a child with juvenile-onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis using the laryngeal suction tube connected to general anaesthetic (GA) machine.
RESULT AND CONCLUSION: Rigid laryngeal suction tube is placed through the side-port of Lindholm laryngoscope and connected to breathing circuit of GA machine. Manual bagging ventilation with 100% FiO2 achieved good oxygenation throughout the debulking of the papilloma without hindering the surgical field. Our technique utilizes the readily available equipment whilst enabling safe anaesthesia and providing good surgical field during excision of obstructive papillomatous airway lesion.
CASE PRESENTATION: A 52-year-old Malay gentleman, with hepatitis C virus and HIV infection was admitted to the intensive care unit for severe lactic acidosis, with concurrent Escherichia coli bacteremia with multiorgan dysfunction. The patient was started on highly active antiretroviral therapy, which included tenofovir, 5 weeks before presentation. Antimicrobial therapy, continuous veno-venous hemofiltration, and other supportive treatments were instituted. However, the patient eventually succumbed to his illness.
CONCLUSIONS: It is essential for clinicians to be able to recognize the signs and symptoms of lactic acidosis in NRTIs treated HIV patients, as an early diagnosis is important to institute treatment.
METHODS: Literature search was performed using electronic databases. Relevant studies were identified, extracted and assessed for risk of bias. The primary outcome of this systematic review was the composition of gut microbiota in healthy controls and T2DM while the secondary outcomes included the correlation of gut microbiota with metabolic parameters.
RESULTS: Thirteen case-control studies involving 575 T2DM and 840 healthy controls were included. T2DM patients exhibited a marked increase in lactobacilli. Six studies found lactobacilli to predominate the gut of T2DM patients; however, this could be confounded by the types of antihyperglyacemic medications. Conversely, butyrate producers dominate the gut of healthy controls. In T2DM patients, butyrate producers were surprisingly higher in those taking metformin intake than those not taking the drug. Whilst lactobacilli were found to be higher with increased plasma glucose, conflicting correlations were observed between various genera and anthropometric measurements, dietary intake, lipid profiles and inflammatory markers. There were moderate to strong significant positive correlations between the class Clostridia and phylum Firmicutes with pro-inflammatory IFN-γ as well as between Negativicutes and IL-6.
CONCLUSIONS: Altogether, butyrate-producing bacteria are negatively correlated to glycaemic parameters. Lactobacilli are higher in T2DM patients and Firmicutes is correlated with inflammation.