Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 112 in total

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  1. Kho SS, Nasaruddin MZ, Abdul Rahaman JA
    Arch Bronconeumol, 2022 Nov;58(11):768-769.
    PMID: 35606265 DOI: 10.1016/j.arbres.2022.05.003
    Matched MeSH terms: Constriction, Pathologic/etiology; Constriction, Pathologic/surgery
  2. Ng CS, Foong SK, Loong SP, Ong CA, Hashim ND
    J Int Adv Otol, 2021 Jul;17(4):301-305.
    PMID: 34309549 DOI: 10.5152/iao.2021.0078
    BACKGROUND: Postoperative or post-traumatic canal restenosis in patients with external auditory canal (EAC) stenosis is a troublesome complication faced by many ear surgeons following canalplasty or meatoplasty. Many ear prostheses and surgical methods have been introduced to prevent the occurrence of such complication. Our aim in this study is to explore the feasibility of using modified non-fenestrated uncuffed tracheostomy tubes (TT) as postoperative stents after ear canal surgery.

    METHODS: Canalplasty or meatoplasty was performed under general anesthesia via the posterior auricular transcanal approach. The EAC diameter and length were measured and a non-fenestrated uncuffed TT of suitable size was fitted into the ear canal. The TT was then modified during fitting, to fit onto the concha. Patients were advised on the importance of compliance. The adequacy of the size of the EAC after the surgery was assessed during follow-ups.

    RESULTS: A total of 3 patients (4 ears) were included in our study. Various sizes of TTs were fitted into their EAC following canalplasty or meatoplasty. All of them showed excellent postoperative outcome on follow up 2 years after the surgery, with no evidence of postoperative EAC stenosis.

    CONCLUSION: Modified TT stent after canalplasty or meatoplasty is proposed as an excellent alternative in preventing restenosis of EAC in centers with limited resources.

    Matched MeSH terms: Constriction, Pathologic/prevention & control; Constriction, Pathologic/surgery
  3. Angsuwatcharakon P, Kulpatcharapong S, Moon JH, Ramchandani M, Lau J, Isayama H, et al.
    HPB (Oxford), 2022 Jan;24(1):17-29.
    PMID: 34172378 DOI: 10.1016/j.hpb.2021.05.005
    BACKGROUND: Indeterminate strictures pose a therapeutic dilemma. In recent years, cholangioscopy has evolved and the availability of cholangioscopy has increased. However, the position of cholangioscopy in the diagnostic algorithm to diagnose malignancy have not been well established. We aim to develop a consensus statement regarding the clinical role of cholangioscopy in the diagnosis of indeterminate biliary strictures.

    METHODS: The international experts reviewed the evidence and modified the statements using a three-step modified Delphi method. Each statement achieves consensus when it has at least 80% agreement.

    RESULTS: Nine final statements were formulated. An indeterminate biliary stricture is defined as that of uncertain etiology under imaging or tissue diagnosis. When available, cholangioscopic assessment and guided biopsy during the first round of ERCP may reduce the need to perform multiple procedures. Cholangioscopy are helpful in diagnosing malignant biliary strictures by both direct visualization and targeted biopsy. The absence of disease progression for at least 6 months is supportive of non-malignant etiology. Direct per-oral cholangioscopy provides the largest accessory channel, better image definition, with image enhancement but is technically demanding. Image enhancement during cholangioscopy may increase the diagnostic sensitivity of visual impression of malignant biliary strictures. Cholangioscopic imaging characteristics including tumor vessels, papillary projection, nodular or polypoid mass, and infiltrative lesions are highly suggestive for neoplastic/malignant biliary disease. The risk of cholangioscopy related cholangitis is higher than in standard ERCP, necessitating prophylactic antibiotics and ensuring adequate biliary drainage. Per-oral cholangioscopy may not be the modality of choice in the evaluation of distal biliary strictures due to inherent technical difficulties.

    CONCLUSION: Evidence supports that cholangioscopy has an adjunct role to abdominal imaging and ERCP tissue acquisition in order to evaluate and diagnose indeterminate biliary strictures.

    Matched MeSH terms: Constriction, Pathologic/diagnosis; Constriction, Pathologic/etiology
  4. Liew TS, Kok AC, Schilthuizen M, Urdy S
    PeerJ, 2014;2:e383.
    PMID: 24883245 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.383
    The molluscan shell can be viewed as a petrified representation of the organism's ontogeny and thus can be used as a record of changes in form during growth. However, little empirical data is available on the actual growth and form of shells, as these are hard to quantify and examine simultaneously. To address these issues, we studied the growth and form of a land snail that has an irregularly coiled and heavily ornamented shell-Plectostoma concinnum. The growth data were collected in a natural growth experiment and the actual form changes of the aperture during shell ontogeny were quantified. We used an ontogeny axis that allows data of growth and form to be analysed simultaneously. Then, we examined the association between the growth and the form during three different whorl growing phases, namely, the regular coiled spire phase, the transitional constriction phase, and the distortedly-coiled tuba phase. In addition, we also explored the association between growth rate and the switching between whorl growing mode and rib growing mode. As a result, we show how the changes in the aperture ontogeny profiles in terms of aperture shape, size and growth trajectory, and the changes in growth rates, are associated with the different shell forms at different parts of the shell ontogeny. These associations suggest plausible constraints that underlie the three different shell ontogeny phases and the two different growth modes. We found that the mechanism behind the irregularly coiled-shell is the rotational changes of the animal's body and mantle edge with respect to the previously secreted shell. Overall, we propose that future study should focus on the role of the mantle and the columellar muscular system in the determination of shell form.
    Matched MeSH terms: Constriction
  5. Asha'ari ZA, Islah W, Ahmad R, Suzina SA
    Med J Malaysia, 2010 Jun;65(2):157-9.
    PMID: 23756806 MyJurnal
    We studied two similar cases of severe subglottic stenosis secondary to trauma with different treatment modalities. One had laryngotracheal reconstruction with cartilage augmentation and the other had laryngotracheal resection anastomosis. We wish to compare the two popular choices of surgery for laryngotracheal stenosis from two cases with similar nature and severity thus highlighting the complexity of managing severe subglottic stenosis in adult.
    Matched MeSH terms: Constriction, Pathologic
  6. Kamangar S, Nik-Ghazali N, Badarudin A, Ameer Ahamad N, Irfan Anjum Badruddin, Govindaraju K, et al.
    Sains Malaysiana, 2017;46:1923-1933.
    The present work was carried out to investigate the blood flow behavior and the severity of blockage caused in the
    arterial passage due to the different geometries such as elliptical, trapezium and triangular shapes of stenosis. The study
    was conducted with respect to various sizes of stenosis in terms of 70%, 80% and 90% area blockage of the arterial
    blood flow. The study was carried out numerically with the help of advance computational fluid dynamic software. It
    was found that the shape of the stenosis plays an important role in overall pressure drop across the blockage region
    of artery. The highest level of pressure drop was observed for trapezoidal shape of stenosis followed by elliptical and
    then by triangular shaped stenosis. The wall shear stress across the stenosis is great for trapezoidal shape followed by
    triangular and elliptical stenosis for same blockage area in the artery.
    Matched MeSH terms: Constriction, Pathologic
  7. Faisal M, Harun H, Hassan TM, Ban AY, Chotirmall SH, Abdul Rahaman JA
    BMC Pulm Med, 2016;16(1):53.
    PMID: 27080697 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-016-0209-1
    Tracheobronchial stenosis is a known complication of endobronchial tuberculosis. Despite antituberculous and steroid therapy, the development of bronchial stenosis is usually irreversible and requires airway patency to be restored by either bronchoscopic or surgical interventions. We report the use of balloon dilatation and topical mitomycin-C to successful restore airway patency.
    Matched MeSH terms: Constriction, Pathologic
  8. Köln PJ, Scheller B, Liew HB, Rissanen TT, Ahmad WA, Weser R, et al.
    Int J Cardiol, 2016 Dec 15;225:262-267.
    PMID: 27741486 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.09.105
    Chronic total occlusions remain one of the biggest challenges for interventional cardiologists and the high risk of restenosis and stent thrombosis is still a major problem. Drug-coated balloons showed favorable results for the treatment of in-stent restenosis and other lesion types. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and outcome of a drug-coated balloon only approach for chronic total occlusion.
    Matched MeSH terms: Constriction, Pathologic
  9. Azim Azahari, Zuhaila Ismail, Normazni Abdullah
    MATEMATIKA, 2018;34(1):87-102.
    MyJurnal
    Numerical simulation of the behaviour of blood flow through a stenosed bifurcated
    artery with the presence of single mild stenosis at parent artery is investigated. The
    flow analysis applies the incompressible, steady, three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations
    for non-Newtonian generalized power law fluids. Behaviour of blood flow is simulated
    numerically using COMSOL Multiphysicsthat based on finite element method.The
    results showthe effect of severity of stenosis on flow characteristics such as axial velocity
    and its exhibit flow recirculation zone for analysis on streamlines pattern.
    Matched MeSH terms: Constriction, Pathologic
  10. Iszuari M, Mazita A, Tan GC, Hayati AR, Shareena I, Cheah FC
    Med J Malaysia, 2010 Dec;65(4):317-8.
    PMID: 21901957
    Tracheal agenesis is a rare congenital airway anomaly that usually results in a fatal outcome. The diagnosis is usually made through post-mortem examination. In the current literature, there has been no reported long-term survival although a few reports claimed prolongation of life of several hours to days. This condition is commonly associated with premature birth, polyhydramnios and a male predominance. In 90% of the cases, it is associated with multiple cardiovascular, gastrointestinal and genitourinary tract anomalies which are incompatible with life. We report a case of a premature newborn with severe respiratory distress, absent cry and cyanosis soon after birth. Attempts at endotracheal intubation failed as it was no possible to negotiate the tube beyond the vocal cords. Needle cricothyrotomy and attempted tracheostomy also failed to secure the airway. The diagnosis was confirmed at post-mortem examination.
    Matched MeSH terms: Constriction, Pathologic/complications*
  11. Mustapha N, Amin N, Chakravarty S, Mandal PK
    Comput Biol Med, 2009 Oct;39(10):896-906.
    PMID: 19665698 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2009.07.004
    Flow of an electrically conducting fluid characterizing blood through the arteries having irregular shaped multi-stenoses in the environment of a uniform transverse magnetic-field is analysed. The flow is considered to be axisymmetric with an outline of the irregular stenoses obtained from a three-dimensional casting of a mild stenosed artery, so that the physical problem becomes more realistic from the physiological point of view. The marker and cell (MAC) and successive-over-relaxation (SOR) methods are respectively used to solve the governing unsteady magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations and pressure-Poisson equation quantitatively and to observe the flow separation. The results obtained show that the flow separates mostly towards the downstream of the multi-stenoses. However, the flow separation region keeps on shrinking with the increasing intensity of the magnetic-field which completely disappears with sufficiently large value of the Hartmann number. The present observations certainly have some clinical implications relating to magnetotherapy which help reducing the complex flow separation zones causing flow disorder leading to the formation and progression of the arterial diseases.
    Matched MeSH terms: Constriction, Pathologic/physiopathology*
  12. Otto S, Díaz VAJ, Weilenmann D, Cuculi F, Nuruddin AA, Leibundgut G, et al.
    BMC Cardiovasc Disord, 2023 Mar 31;23(1):176.
    PMID: 37003986 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-023-03187-x
    BACKGROUND: A decade ago, the iopromide-paclitaxel coated balloon (iPCB) was added to the cardiologist's toolbox to initially treat in-stent restenosis followed by the treatment of de novo coronary lesions. In the meantime, DES technologies have been substantially improved to address in-stent restenosis and thrombosis, and shortened anti-platelet therapy. Recently, sirolimus-coated balloon catheters (SCB) have emerged to provide an alternative drug to combat restenosis.

    METHODS: The objective of this study is to determine the safety and efficacy of a novel crystalline sirolimus-coated balloon (cSCB) technology in an unselective, international, large-scale patient population. Percutaneous coronary interventions of native stenosis, in-stent stenosis, and chronic total occlusions with the SCB in patients with stable coronary artery disease or acute coronary syndrome were included. The primary outcome variable is the target lesion failure (TLF) rate at 12 months, defined as the composite rate of target vessel myocardial infarction (TV-MI), cardiac death or ischemia-driven target lesion revascularization (TLR). The secondary outcome variables include TLF at 24 months, ischemia driven TLR at 12 and 24 months and all-cause death, cardiac death at 12 and 24 months.

    DISCUSSION: Since there is a wealth of patient-based all-comers data for iPCB available for this study, a propensity-score matched analysis is planned to compare cSCB and iPCB for the treatment of de novo and different types of ISR. In addition, pre-specified analyses in challenging lesion subsets such as chronic total occlusions will provide evidence whether the two balloon coating technologies differ in their clinical benefit for the patient.

    TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04470934.

    Matched MeSH terms: Constriction, Pathologic/complications
  13. Yap LB, Choy CN, Koh KW, Kannan P, Jeyamalar R, Navin S, et al.
    Med J Malaysia, 2023 Mar;78(2):139-144.
    PMID: 36988521
    INTRODUCTION: Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) is recommended in the use of left main stem (LMS) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Since the LMS diameter is usually larger than other coronary arteries, a new generation everolimus drug-eluting stent (DES), Synergy Megatron DES (Boston Scientific) has better axial and radial strength allowing more post implant overexpansion and consequently better suited for LMS lesions. We performed a study to evaluate the clinical outcomes of PCI using 1) an improved IVUS protocol with optimisation targets and 2) the use of Megatron stents.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a study involving LMS PCI coronary lesions using the Synergy Megatron DES. An IVUS protocol using predefined optimisation targets to evaluate for stent malapposition, longitudinal stent deformation, optimal stent expansion >90% of reference lumen and appropriate distal landing zone was used in all cases. The primary end-point was procedural success, defined by successful stent implantation with <30% residual stenosis. The secondary end-point was in-hospital and 30-day major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE).

    RESULTS: Eight patients with significant LMS stenosis were successfully treated with the Megatron stent. The primary end-point was achieved in all patients. There were no cases of stent malapposition or longitudinal stent deformation, one case did not have optimal LMS stent expansion and one case did not have an appropriate distal landing zone. IVUS optimisation criteria were met in 6 (75%) cases. There were no complications of coronary dissection, slow or no reflow, stent thrombosis or vessel perforation. None of the patients suffered in-hospital or 30-day MACE. The average LMS MLD at baseline was 2.1 ± 0.1mm and the post-PCI LMS MLD was 4.0 ± 0.5mm, with a significant acute luminal gain of 1.9 ± 0.7mm (p<0.01). A post-PCI MSA of 17 ± 3.9 mm2 was numerically superior compared to those documented in other LMS PCI trials.

    CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates low rates of shortterm major adverse cardiovascular events among patients with LMS PCI using the Megatron stents. It highlights the usefulness of IVUS-guided optimisation in LMS PCI. With the use of intravascular imaging, the new generation stent technology can improve the treatment of large proximal vessels and PCI of LMS lesions.

    Matched MeSH terms: Constriction, Pathologic/etiology
  14. Zahari KM, Mohamad Hatta NS, Ain Masnon N, Ch'ng LS
    BMJ Case Rep, 2023 Aug 29;16(8).
    PMID: 37643820 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2023-254999
    We report a rare, potentially sight-threatening ocular complication due to central venous stenosis related to a previous site of haemodialysis catheter. A dialysis-dependent woman in her 60s presented with left eye redness for 1 month followed by a remarkably prominent vessel on the left upper eyelid for 2 weeks. Examinations found left eyelid oedema with prominent venous dilatation on the upper eyelid as well as left eye mild proptosis, conjunctiva injection with corkscrew vessels, raised intraocular pressure, and dilated and tortuous retina vessels. Central thoracic venogram showed total occlusion on the left brachiocephalic vein with retrograde reflux to the jugular vein. An endovascular percutaneous transluminal balloon angioplasty was performed for the left brachiocephalic vein stenosis, which resolved the orbital, facial and neck venous congestion. The patient remained asymptomatic after 1 year.
    Matched MeSH terms: Constriction, Pathologic/etiology
  15. Ho CK, Khoo ST, Saw MH
    Med J Malaysia, 2002 Jun;57(2):229-32.
    PMID: 24326659
    A 43 year-old woman presented with severe non-specific abdominal pain of 1-week duration. She was on oral contraceptive pills for the past 6 years. Clinically patient appeared ill with no specific abnormal physical sign. Moderate amount of free fluid in the peritoneal cavity on ultrasound prompted an urgent abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan, which revealed thrombosis of the superior mesenteric vein. Further investigations revealed a hypercoagulable state with protein C deficiency. Patient responded well to anticoagulation and supportive therapy. One month later patient readmitted with vomiting and signs of intestinal obstruction. Barium study revealed a moderately long tight stricture at mid jejunum with proximal dilation. A by-pass surgery was carried out. She was well at 3 months follow-up.
    Matched MeSH terms: Constriction, Pathologic
  16. Norliza Mohd. Zain, Zuhaila Ismail
    MATEMATIKA, 2019;35(2):213-227.
    MyJurnal
    Blood flow through a bifurcated artery with the presence of an overlapping stenosis located at parent’s arterial lumen under the action of a uniform external magnetic field is studied in this paper. Blood is treated as an electrically conducting fluid which exhibits the Magnetohydrodynamics principle and it is characterized by a Newtonian fluid model. The governing equations are discretized using a stabilization technique of finite element known as Galerkin least-squares. The maximum velocity and pressure drop evaluated in this present study are compared with the results found in previous literature and COMSOL Multiphysics. The solutions found in a satisfactory agreement, thus verify the source code is working properly. The effects of dimensionless parameters of Hartmann and Reynolds numbers in the fluid’s velocity and pressure are examined in details with further scientific discussions.
    Matched MeSH terms: Constriction, Pathologic
  17. Arunathan R, Ariffin AHZ, Khor KG, Tan SN
    Pediatric investigation, 2019 Sep;3(3):191-193.
    PMID: 32851317 DOI: 10.1002/ped4.12148
    Introduction: Congenital tracheal stenosis (CTS) is a serious and rare condition. In most cases, CTS is associated with cardiopulmonary abnormalities; however, isolated CTS is present in 10%-30% of patients. The severity of the disorder is dependent on the symptoms, which correlate with the CTS classification.

    Case presentation: We discuss our findings in an infant who presented with severe respiratory compromise where incidental intra-operative findings revealed CTS with no cardiopulmonary abnormalities. Because of a lack of resources in the emergency department, we created a tracheostoma and inserted an endotracheal tube.

    Conclusion: The main aim in treating CTS is to secure the airway and provide sufficient oxygen.

    Matched MeSH terms: Constriction, Pathologic
  18. Yusof MI, Shif M, Abdullah MS
    Malays Orthop J, 2015 Mar;9(1):4-10.
    PMID: 28435587 MyJurnal DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.1503.015
    This study was to evaluate the morphological features of degenerative spinal stenosis and adequacy of lateral canal stenosis decompression via unilateral and bilateral laminectomy. Measurements of facet joint angulation (FJA), mid facet point (MFP), mid facet point distance (MFPD), the narrowest point of the lateral spinal canal (NPLC) and the narrowest point of the lateral spinal canal distance (NPLCD) were performed. At L4L5 of the right and left side, the mean distance between the lateral border of the dura and MFP was 1.0 ± 0.2 cm and 1.0 ± 0.3cm respectively. The mean NPLC was seen at 0.7 ± 0.3 and 0.7 ± 0.3 cm cm from the dura. At L5S1 of the right and left side, the mean distance between the lateral border of the dura and MFP was 1.2± 0.2 and 1.3 ± 0.2 cm respectively. The mean NPLC was seen at 0.8 ± 0.4 and 0.9 ± 0.5 cm from the dura. Unilateral laminectomy may result in incomplete decompression.
    Matched MeSH terms: Constriction, Pathologic
  19. Kuan, Y.C., How, S.H., Ng, T.H., Mohammed Fauzi, A.R., Liam, C.K., Mohd Ashri, A.
    MyJurnal
    This case report describes a rigid bronchoscopy-assisted placement of a silicone airway Y-stent in a patient who developed tracheobronchomalacia following repeated dilatations for post-tuberculous airway stenosis. This is the first report of an airway Y-stent insertion in Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Constriction, Pathologic
  20. Yeong, Lee-chian, Veno Rajendran, Che Zubaidah Che Daud, Hung, Liang-choo
    MyJurnal
    Neonates are obligate nasal breather until they are at least two to five months old. Congenital nasal airway obstruction is one of the commonest causes of respiratory problem in newborn. Congenital nasal pyriform aperture stenosis (CNPAS) was first described by Brown et al in 1989 [1] and is a rare cause of nasal airway obstruction which may clinically mimic choanal atresia.(Copied from article)
    Matched MeSH terms: Constriction, Pathologic
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