Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 135 in total

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  1. Secrets of omega-3 oil
    Suvarna BS
    Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ), 2008 7 1;6(23):406-11.
    PMID: 20071830
    Matched MeSH terms: Feeding and Eating Disorders/diet therapy; Arthritis, Rheumatoid/diet therapy; Asthma/diet therapy; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/diet therapy; Bipolar Disorder/diet therapy; Burns/diet therapy; Cardiovascular Diseases/diet therapy; Diabetes Mellitus/diet therapy; Dysmenorrhea/diet therapy; Macular Degeneration/diet therapy; Neoplasms/diet therapy; Obesity/diet therapy; Osteoporosis/diet therapy; Skin Diseases/diet therapy; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/diet therapy
  2. Perspectives on the nutritional management of renal disease in Asia: people, practice, and programs
    Karupaiah T, Morad Z
    J Ren Nutr, 2007 Jan;17(1):93-6.
    PMID: 17198942
    The high prevalence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in many Asian countries is attributed to diabetes and hypertension. Health care expenditure in relation to per capita income and government share of this expenditure vary among Asian countries and are affected by large populations and the poverty factor. The impact of ESRD on nutritional management in Asia reveals the need for clinicians to balance the requirements for higher standards of dietetic practice as they implement optimal care algorithms with the goal of improving outcomes, against the backdrop of staffing limitations, limited expertise in renal nutrition practice, and cultural diversity among Asian people. This paper discusses current aspects of dietetic practice and the likelihood that a change in practice is required if dietitians are to play an active role in preventing or slowing down ESRD.
    Matched MeSH terms: Kidney Failure, Chronic/diet therapy*
  3. Influence of diet and physical activity on serum cholesterols
    Banerjee B, Saha N
    Med J Malaya, 1968 Jun;23(4):332-6.
    PMID: 4235599
    Matched MeSH terms: Diet Therapy*
  4. Fulltext Modulation of obesity-induced inflammation by dietary fats: mechanisms and clinical evidence
    Teng KT, Chang CY, Chang LF, Nesaretnam K
    Nutr J, 2014;13:12.
    PMID: 24476102 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2891-13-12
    Obesity plays a pivotal role in the development of low-grade inflammation. Dietary fatty acids are important modulators of inflammatory responses. Saturated fatty acids (SFA) and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) have been reported to exert pro-inflammatory effects. n-3 PUFA in particular, possess anti-inflammatory properties. Numerous clinical studies have been conducted over decades to investigate the impact of dietary fatty acids on inflammatory response in obese individuals, however the findings remained uncertain. High fat meals have been reported to increase pro-inflammatory responses, however there is limited evidence to support the role of individual dietary fatty acids in a postprandial state. Evidence in chronic studies is contradictory, the effects of individual dietary fatty acids deserves further attention. Weight loss rather than n-3 PUFA supplementation may play a more prominent role in alleviating low grade inflammation. In this context, the present review provides an update on the mechanistic insight and the influence of dietary fats on low grade inflammation, based on clinical evidence from acute and chronic clinical studies in obese and overweight individuals.
    Matched MeSH terms: Inflammation/diet therapy*; Obesity/diet therapy*; Overweight/diet therapy
  5. Fulltext A Randomised Controlled Trial on the Effectiveness and Adherence of Modified Alternate-day Calorie Restriction in Improving Activity of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
    Johari MI, Yusoff K, Haron J, Nadarajan C, Ibrahim KN, Wong MS, et al.
    Sci Rep, 2019 08 02;9(1):11232.
    PMID: 31375753 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47763-8
    Currently, there is no effective therapy for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), although intensive calorie restriction is typically recommended but dietary adherence is an issue. The current study aimed to determine the effectiveness and adherence of eight weeks of modified alternate-day calorie restriction (MACR) in the control of NAFLD activity. This was a randomized controlled trial with MACR as the intervention and normal habitual diet as control. The outcome measures were body mass index (BMI), blood lipids, fasting blood sugar (FBS), liver enzymes (ALT and AST), and ultrasonographic measurements of liver steatosis and shear wave elastography (SWE). Per-protocol (PP) and intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis were performed within and between-groups with P  0.22). Both liver steatosis grades and fibrosis (SWE) scores were reduced in between-group analyses of MACR vs. controls (PP and ITT, all P diet in the control of NAFLD activity and with good adherence rate.
    Matched MeSH terms: Fatty Liver/diet therapy; Liver Cirrhosis/diet therapy; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/diet therapy*
  6. Fulltext Immunomodulatory Effects of Diet and Nutrients in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): A Systematic Review
    Islam MA, Khandker SS, Kotyla PJ, Hassan R
    Front Immunol, 2020;11:1477.
    PMID: 32793202 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01477
    Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by multiple organ involvement, including the skin, joints, kidneys, lungs, central nervous system and the haematopoietic system, with a large number of complications. Despite years of study, the etiology of SLE remains unclear; thus, safe and specifically targeted therapies are lacking. In the last 20 years, researchers have explored the potential of nutritional factors on SLE and have suggested complementary treatment options through diet. This study systematically reviews and evaluates the clinical and preclinical scientific evidence of diet and dietary supplementation that either alleviate or exacerbate the symptoms of SLE. For this review, a systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar databases only for articles written in the English language. Based on the currently published literature, it was observed that a low-calorie and low-protein diet with high contents of fiber, polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamins, minerals and polyphenols contain sufficient potential macronutrients and micronutrients to regulate the activity of the overall disease by modulating the inflammation and immune functions of SLE.
    Matched MeSH terms: Diet Therapy*; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/diet therapy
  7. Efficacy of fasting and calorie restriction (FCR) on mood and depression among ageing men
    Hussin NM, Shahar S, Teng NI, Ngah WZ, Das SK
    J Nutr Health Aging, 2013;17(8):674-80.
    PMID: 24097021 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-013-0344-9
    OBJECTIVE: An intervention study on the FCR (Fasting and Calorie Restriction) dietary regime was carried out to determine its efficacy in improving mood states and depression status among ageing men.

    SUBJECTS: A total of 32 healthy males (Mean±SD), aged 59.7±6.3 years, with a BMI of 26.7±2.2 kg/m2 were recruited to the study.

    METHOD: Participants were randomized to either the FCR group (and were instructed to follow a calorie restricted dietary regime with intermittent fasting) or to the control group (in which individuals were asked to maintain their current lifestyle), for a 3 month period. Mood was assessed using the Profile of Mood States and depression was assessed using Beck Depression Inventory-II and Geriatric Depression Scale-15 at baseline, week 6 and week 12 of the intervention.

    RESULTS: A total of 31 subjects completed the study (n=16, FCR and n=15, control). Significant decreases in tension, anger, confusion and total mood disturbance and improvements in vigor were observed in participants in the FCR group compared to the control group (p<0.05). No significant changes in mean depression scores were observed. Weight, BMI and percent body fat were reduced by 3.8%, 3.7% and 5.7% respectively in the FCR group.

    CONCLUSIONS: Our findings show that a FCR dietary regime is effective in improving mood states and nutritional status among ageing men.

    Matched MeSH terms: Confusion/diet therapy; Depression/diet therapy*; Depressive Disorder/diet therapy*; Stress, Psychological/diet therapy*
  8. Biomedical properties of edible seaweed in cancer therapy and chemoprevention trials: a review
    Namvar F, Tahir PM, Mohamad R, Mahdavi M, Abedi P, Najafi TF, et al.
    Nat Prod Commun, 2013 Dec;8(12):1811-20.
    PMID: 24555303
    This review article summarizes in vitro and in vivo experiments on seaweed anticancer activity and seaweed chemical components. Seaweed use in cancer therapy, chemopreventive randomized control trials (RCTs) and quasi-experiments are discussed. The literature reviewed in this article was obtained from various scientific sources and encompasses publications from 2000-2012. Seaweed therapeutic effects were deemed scientifically plausible and may be partially explained by the in vivo and in vitro pharmacological studies described. Although the mechanisms of action remain unclear, seaweed's anticancer properties may be attributable to its major biologically active metabolites. Much of the seaweed research outlined in this paper can serve as a foundation for explaining seaweed anticancer bioactivity. This review will open doors for developing strategies to treat malignancies using seaweed natural products.
    Matched MeSH terms: Neoplasms/diet therapy*
  9. Fulltext Germinated brown rice ameliorates obesity in high-fat diet induced obese rats
    Lim SM, Goh YM, Mohtarrudin N, Loh SP
    BMC Complement Altern Med, 2016 May 23;16:140.
    PMID: 27216718 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1116-y
    Germinated brown rice (GBR) is a novel functional food that is high in fiber and bioactive compounds with health-promoting properties. This study aims to evaluate anti-obesity effects of GBR in obese rats fed high-fat diet (HFD).
    Matched MeSH terms: Obesity/diet therapy*
  10. Fulltext Rehabilitation of malnourished preschool children with Nutri-Pak
    Ng TKW, Supasri R, Florencio CA
    Med J Malaysia, 1980 Dec;35(2):122-8.
    PMID: 7266403
    The results of the food consumption study suggested that the calorie and protein intakes of ID and 20 malnourished preschool children in the study area were much lower than the RDA and thus these children should benefit from a supplementary feeding project. However, after 42 days of supplementation with Nutri-Pak, the project's objective of increasing by 5%, the percent standard weight for age of at least 60% of the subjects was not achieved since only one child's weight reached this target. From the records of monitoring, it was noticed that the low consumption of Nutri -Pak. a partial replacement by the the food supplement of the children's diet in the home. uncooperative mothers, and illness or disease factors had contributed to the much lower weight gains than expected in most of the children.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nutrition Disorders/diet therapy*
  11. An Overview of Culinary and Medicinal Mushrooms in Neurodegeneration and Neurotrauma Research
    Wong KH, Ng CC, Kanagasabapathy G, Yow YY, Sabaratnam V
    Int J Med Mushrooms, 2017;19(3):191-202.
    PMID: 28605334 DOI: 10.1615/IntJMedMushrooms.v19.i3.10
    Culinary and medicinal mushrooms have been appreciated since prehistoric times as valuable resources for food and medicine. Edible mushrooms represent an untapped source of nutraceuticals and valuable palatable food. Long considered tonics, they are now treasured as functional foods that can improve human health and quality of life. Numerous studies have provided insights into the neuroprotective effects of edible mushrooms, which are attributed to their antioxidant, antineuroinflammatory, and cholinesterase inhibitory properties, and their ability to prevent neuronal death. Here we review the recent literature on the role of culinary and medicinal mushrooms in the management of neurodegenerative diseases and neurotrauma. We highlight some of the molecular mechanisms for how these alternative medicines provide health benefits that could help us to harness their neuroprotective effects.
    Matched MeSH terms: Diet Therapy/methods*
  12. Fulltext Studies on sulfone resistance in leprosy. I. Detection of cases.
    Pettit JHS, Rees RJW, Ridley DS
    Int. J. Lepr. Other Mycobact. Dis., 1966 Oct-Dec;34(3):375-90.
    PMID: 6006069
    From an extensive search of one of the largest inpatient leprosaria in the world, at Sungei Buloh, Malaysia, nine patients with lepromatous leprosy were discovered who gave prima facie evidence of sulfone resistance. The evidence was based on a failure to show clinical improvement over at least five years despite treatment with sulfones and an absence of a satisfactory fall in the bacteriologic (BI) or the morphologic (MI) index. The selected patients were admitted to our Research Unit for (a) a further six month, rigorously controlled, trial period on DDS (as injectable sulfone, 300 mgm. twice weekly) and (b) DDS sensitivity tests, based on use of the foot pad infection in mice with bacilli obtained from skin biopsies. The response of the nine patients to the six month trial period on DDS was assessed clinically, bacteriologically and histologically, and revealed that only four of the patients failed to respond satisfactorily. Furthermore, the sensitivity tests in the mouse foot pad infection showed that only the strains of M. leprae from the four patients who failed to improve were insensitive to DDS. Thus there was a good correlation between the results of the clinical and experimental studies and for the first time direct proof for the existence of DDS resistant strain s of M. leprae. The MI proved to be the most sensitive of the assessments used to determine the response of the selected patients to a trial period on DDS. The histology of patients with drug resistance is essentially that of relapsing or very acute leprosy. Its features have much in common with those of "histoid" lesions, the latter being distinguished mainly by the absence of cytologic maturation. Classification is complicated by the presence of borderline features in otherwise lepromatous lesions.
    Matched MeSH terms: Leprosy/diet therapy*
  13. Fulltext Studies on sulfone resistance in leprosy. 2. Treatment with a riminophenazine derivative (B.663).
    Pettit JHS, Rees RJW
    Int. J. Lepr. Other Mycobact. Dis., 1966 Oct-Dec;34(4):391-7.
    PMID: 6006070
    The first three patients with proven DDS-resistant leprosy infections were treated for one year with the riminophenazine
    derivative B.663 (300 mgm. daily for six days a week). All of them showed satisfactory clinical, bacteriologic and histologic
    improvement, which at the time of writing has been maintained for a total period of 28 months. The results show that
    active leprosy resulting from resistance to one drug can still respond satisfactorily to a different type of drug, as is the case with drug resistance in other bacterial infections. In this limited study B.663 showed no toxicity, but the degree of skin discoloration was disconcerting to Chinese patients.
    Matched MeSH terms: Leprosy/diet therapy*
  14. Fulltext Probiotics for Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review
    Naomi R, Embong H, Othman F, Ghazi HF, Maruthey N, Bahari H
    Nutrients, 2021 Dec 22;14(1).
    PMID: 35010895 DOI: 10.3390/nu14010020
    Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of neurodegenerative disorders affecting mostly the elderly. It is characterized by the presence of Aβ and neurofibrillary tangles (NFT), resulting in cognitive and memory impairment. Research shows that alteration in gut microbial diversity and defects in gut brain axis are linked to AD. Probiotics are known to be one of the best preventative measures against cognitive decline in AD. Numerous in vivo trials and recent clinical trials have proven the effectiveness of selected bacterial strains in slowing down the progression of AD. It is proven that probiotics modulate the inflammatory process, counteract with oxidative stress, and modify gut microbiota. Thus, this review summarizes the current evidence, diversity of bacterial strains, defects of gut brain axis in AD, harmful bacterial for AD, and the mechanism of action of probiotics in preventing AD. A literature search on selected databases such as PubMed, Semantic Scholar, Nature, and Springer link have identified potentially relevant articles to this topic. However, upon consideration of inclusion criteria and the limitation of publication year, only 22 articles have been selected to be further reviewed. The search query includes few sets of keywords as follows. (1) Probiotics OR gut microbiome OR microbes AND (2) Alzheimer OR cognitive OR aging OR dementia AND (3) clinical trial OR in vivo OR animal study. The results evidenced in this study help to clearly illustrate the relationship between probiotic supplementation and AD. Thus, this systematic review will help identify novel therapeutic strategies in the future as probiotics are free from triggering any adverse effects in human body.
    Matched MeSH terms: Alzheimer Disease/diet therapy*
  15. The Role of Dietary Compounds in the Therapy of Nicotine-Induced Osteoporosis
    Mohamed N, Muhammad N, Shuid AN, Soelaiman IN
    Curr Drug Targets, 2018;19(12):1424-1430.
    PMID: 28950810 DOI: 10.2174/1389450118666170925154428
    Nicotine is one of the most abused substances worldwide and can cause several harmful effects on health. One of the harmful effects, which is often ignored, is osteoporosis. Smoking has been shown to cause a decrease in bone mineral density in humans. Animal studies have proven that nicotine exerts negative effects on bone. The number of people who smoke increases each day. Those who smoke start at a very young age and they usually smoke for years. This will increase the risk of developing osteoporosis. As the prevalence of osteoporosis increases, the risk of fractures also increases. The major concerns are disability following fractures, mortality due to complications after fractures and the increasing cost of management and therapy. This paper will review the effects of nicotine on bone and the potential natural products which can be used as treatment for nicotine-induced osteoporosis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Osteoporosis/diet therapy*
  16. Nutrition in Diabetes
    Hamdy O, Barakatun-Nisak MY
    Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am, 2016 12;45(4):799-817.
    PMID: 27823606 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecl.2016.06.010
    Medical nutrition therapy (MNT) is a key component of diabetes management. The importance of balancing macronutrients, reducing carbohydrate load, lowering glycemic index, and implementing an overall healthy dietary pattern are emerging as better approaches for MNT in diabetes. Recent research points to improved glycemic control, reduction in body weight, and improvement in many cardiovascular risk factors when these approaches are provided by registered dietitians or health care providers. This review article discusses the current evidence about the role of sensible nutrition in diabetes management. Specific eating plans for weight reduction and for patients with type 1 diabetes are also discussed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/diet therapy*
  17. Fulltext Egg Intake in Chronic Kidney Disease
    Tallman DA, Sahathevan S, Karupaiah T, Khosla P
    Nutrients, 2018 Dec 07;10(12).
    PMID: 30544535 DOI: 10.3390/nu10121945
    Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are often instructed to adhere to a renal-specific diet depending on the severity and stage of their kidney disease. The prescribed diet may limit certain nutrients, such as phosphorus and potassium, or encourage the consumption of others, such as high biological value (HBV) proteins. Eggs are an inexpensive, easily available and high-quality source of protein, as well as a rich source of leucine, an essential amino acid that plays a role in muscle protein synthesis. However, egg yolk is a concentrated source of both phosphorus and the trimethylamine N-oxide precursor, choline, both of which may have potentially harmful effects in CKD. The yolk is also an abundant source of cholesterol which has been extensively studied for its effects on lipoprotein cholesterol and the risk of cardiovascular disease. Efforts to reduce dietary cholesterol to manage dyslipidemia in dialysis patients (already following a renal diet) have not been shown to offer additional benefit. There is a paucity of data regarding the impact of egg consumption on lipid profiles of CKD patients. Additionally, egg consumption has not been associated with the risk of developing CKD based on epidemiological studies. The egg yolk also contains bioactive compounds, including lutein, zeaxanthin, and vitamin D, which may confer health benefits in CKD patients. Here we review research on egg intake and CKD, discuss both potential contraindications and favorable effects of egg consumption, and describe the need for further research examining egg intake and outcomes in the CKD and end-stage renal disease population.
    Matched MeSH terms: Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/diet therapy*
  18. A Review on Dietary Intervention in Obesity Associated Colon Cancer
    Roslan NH, Makpol S, Mohd Yusof YA
    Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2019 May 25;20(5):1309-1319.
    PMID: 31127882
    Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality. According to National Cancer Registry, the incidence of colorectal cancer in Peninsular Malaysia increases with age. The incidence is highest among Chinese population but lower among Indians and Malays. Many reviews have suggested that obesity may be associated with a higher risk (>50%) of colorectal cancer. Methods: This study collects a comprehensive data from the literature review available from respective journals on dietary intervention and the chemo-protective mechanisms of a few natural resources in obesity -associated colon cancer based on previous and current studies. Results: In obesity-associated colon cancer, the genes of interest and pathways that are mainly involved include NFκB, P13K/Akt, and MAPK pathways, and FTO, leptin, Cyclin D, MMPs, and STAT3 genes. Dietary modification is one of the alternative steps in early prevention of colon cancer. It has been proposed that the components present in certain foods may have the ability to protect against many diseases including the prevention of cancer. Conclusion: There are many factors that lead to obesity-associated colon cancer and the mechanisms behind it is still undergoing intensive research. This review aims to scrutinize research as well as reviews that have been previously reported on obesity associated colorectal cancer and the beneficial effects of including antioxidants-rich foods such as vegetables and fruits in the diet to reduce the risk of obesity associated colorectal cancer.
    Matched MeSH terms: Colonic Neoplasms/diet therapy
  19. Increased energy intake for preterm infants with (or developing) bronchopulmonary dysplasia/ chronic lung disease
    Lai NM, Rajadurai SV, Tan KH
    Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2006 Jul 19;2006(3):CD005093.
    PMID: 16856077
    BACKGROUND: Preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia/chronic lung disease have nutritional deficits that may contribute to short and long term morbidity and mortality. Increasing the daily energy intake for these infants may improve their respiratory, growth and neurodevelopmental outcomes.

    OBJECTIVES: To assess the effect of increased energy intake on mortality and respiratory, growth and neurodevelopmental outcomes for preterm infants with (or developing) CLD/BPD. Secondarily, the review examines any adverse effects associated with increased energy intake.

    SEARCH STRATEGY: The standard search strategy of the Cochrane Neonatal Review Group was used. This included searches of the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL, The Cochrane Library, Issue 1, 2006) , MEDLINE (accessed via Ovid), references cited in previous relevant Cochrane reviews and in other relevant studies, review articles, standard textbooks, and manuals of neonatal medicine. Hand search results of the Cochrane Neonatal Review Group were also assessed.

    SELECTION CRITERIA: All randomized and quasi-randomized trials comparing the outcomes of preterm infants with (or developing) CLD/BPD who had either increased (> 135 kcal/kg/day) or standard energy intake (98 to 135 kcal/kg/day). Increasing energy intake might be achieved enterally and/or parenterally, enterally by increasing the energy content of the milk, increasing feed volume, or by nutrient supplementation with protein, carbohydrate or fat. The primary outcomes were the development of CLD and neonatal mortality; secondary outcomes included respiratory morbidities, growth, neurodevelopmental status and possible complications with increased energy intake.

    DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: We planned to extract data using the standard methods of the Cochrane Neonatal Review Group. Relevant trials would be scrutinized for methodological quality independently by the reviewers to determine their eligibility for inclusion. Data of the included trials would be expressed as relative risk, risk difference, NNT and weighted mean difference where appropriate, using a fixed effect model.

    MAIN RESULTS: No eligible trials were identified. Twelve studies that appeared to be relevant were excluded, as no study directly compared increased versus standard energy intakes in infants with CLD/BPD. However, two excluded trials provided some insights into the topic. One study showed that infants with CLD/BPD who were fed formula enriched with protein and minerals had improved growth parameters up until the cessation of the intervention at three months of corrected age. The other study compared different energy density of formula but identical energy intake by setting different feed volumes for both groups. It showed that both groups were unable to achieve the pre-designated feed volumes, and that there were no differences in growth, respiratory outcomes, oedema and the diuretic requirements.

    AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: To date, no randomized controlled trials are available that examine the effects of increased versus standard energy intake for preterm infants with (or developing) CLD/BPD. Research should be directed at evaluating the effects of various levels of energy intake on this group of infants on clinically important outcomes like mortality, respiratory status, growth and neurodevelopment. The benefits and harms of various ways of increasing energy intake, including higher energy density of milk feed and/or fluid volume (clinically realistic target volume should be set), parenteral nutrition, and the use of various constituents of energy like carbohydrate, protein and fat for this purpose also need to be assessed.

    Matched MeSH terms: Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia/diet therapy*
  20. Fulltext Medical Nutrition Therapy Guideline for Type 2 Diabetes, Second Edition
    Citation: Medical Nutrition Therapy Guideline for Type 2 Diabetes, Second Edition. Kuala Lumpur: Malaysian Dietitians' Association; 2013
    Matched MeSH terms: Diet Therapy
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