METHOD: A single-blind cluster randomized controlled trial will conduct at six districts in Selangor. Randomly selected respondents who fulfilled the inclusion criteria will be invited to participate in the study. Health education module based on Health Believed Theory will be delivered via health talks and videos coordinated by liaison officers. Data at three-time points at baseline, immediate, and 3 months post-intervention will be collected. A validated questionnaire will assess participants' background characteristics, knowledge, skill, and preparedness on disaster preparedness and perception towards disaster. Descriptive and inferential statistics will be applied for data analysis using IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 25. Longitudinal correlated data on knowledge, skills, preparedness, and perception score at baseline, immediate post-intervention, and 6 months post-intervention will be analyzed using Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE).
DISCUSSION: It is expected that knowledge, skills, preparedness, and flood disaster perception score are more significant in the intervention group than the control group, indicating the Health Education Based Intervention (HEBI).
TRIAL REGISTRATION: Thai Clinical Trial TCTR20200202002 .
METHODS: We conducted 20 in-depth interviews with stakeholders, including government officials, community members, and representatives of non-governmental organisations (NGOs), using a qualitative methodology. The data were analysed using thematic analysis to identify key themes surrounding public participation, policy challenges, and successful community-led flood mitigation initiatives.
RESULTS: The findings highlight the critical role of public involvement in improving flood preparedness and resilience. Communities that actively participated in mitigation efforts, such as early warning systems and nature-based solutions, demonstrated enhanced resilience. However, significant challenges remain, including inadequate funding, outdated infrastructure, and bureaucratic delays. Public awareness and education on flood preparedness, especially in rural areas, were found to be insufficient, hindering the effectiveness of flood management strategies.
CONCLUSIONS: The study concludes that while CBFM initiatives in Malaysia show promise, their success depends on stronger policy enforcement, increased public engagement, and sustained investments in both green and grey infrastructure. Greater collaboration between local communities, NGOs, and government agencies is essential for improving flood risk management and building long-term resilience, particularly in the face of increasing climate-driven disasters.