Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 156 in total

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  1. Kiyu A, Tambi Z, Ahmad Y
    Asia Pac J Clin Nutr, 1998 Dec;7(3/4):256-61.
    PMID: 24393680
    The state of Sarawak in Malaysia has a high prevalence of iodine deficiency disorders (IDD). This has been revealed through a review of goitre surveys that were carried out in the State from the early 1970s to the 1990s. The primary cause was low iodine intake. Contributory factors were low iodine content in the soil and water as well as high cassava consumption. Virtual elimination of IDD is one of the nutritional goals of the IDD prevention and control programs. The strategies adopted include the iodination of coarse salt, which is sold in the market by shopkeepers and also provided free from government health clinics; legislation requiring that salt sold in IDD-gazetted areas must be iodised; and the use of iodinators to iodise water supplied by the gravity-feed system to villages and boarding schools in rural areas. The indicators used in the monitoring and evaluation of the program include the availability of iodised salt in the market and households, iodine levels in water supply that had been fitted with iodinators, goitre volume measured by ultrasound, and urinary iodine excretion among school children.
    Matched MeSH terms: Iodine/deficiency
  2. Hassandarvish P, Tiong V, Sazaly AB, Mohamed NA, Arumugam H, Ananthanarayanan A, et al.
    Br Dent J, 2020 06;228(12):900.
    PMID: 32591671 DOI: 10.1038/s41415-020-1794-1
    Matched MeSH terms: Povidone-Iodine*
  3. Chen PCY
    Med J Malaysia, 1981 Jun;36(2):67-9.
    PMID: 7343820
    Comment in: Tan YK. Endemic goitre: a preventable and yet highly prevalent disease in
    Sarawak. Med J Malaysia. 1982 Mar;37(1):96-7
    Matched MeSH terms: Iodine/deficiency*
  4. Newell AG
    Malaya Medical Journal, 1912;10:35-6.
    Matched MeSH terms: Iodine
  5. Husniza H, Wan Nazaimoon WM
    Trop Biomed, 2006 Jun;23(1):109-15.
    PMID: 17041559 MyJurnal
    A modified micromethod for measuring urine iodine was successfully established and validated. The micromethod showed good correlation with the method used by several World Health Organization (WHO) collaborative laboratories (y = 0.9342x + 4.6213; r = 0.962; p = 0.01; n = 50). The micromethod also showed good agreement when compared to the reference WHO method. The sensitivity of the assay was 13.809 ug/L (n = 8) and mean recoveries were 114, 103 and 106% at concentrations of 30, 40 and 50 ug/L (n = 3) respectively. At iodine concentrations of 51 +/- 15.5, 108 +/- 32.4 and 149 +/- 38.6 ug/L, intra-assay coefficient of variations (CVs) were 13%, 7% and 5% respectively (n = 20), and inter-assay CVs were 10%, 15% and 7% respectively (n = 10). The assay showed good linearity plot (y = 1.0407x + 60.451; r = 0.993; n = 3).
    Matched MeSH terms: Iodine/urine*
  6. Nurhidayah W, Setyawati LU, Daruwati I, Gazzali AM, Subroto T, Muchtaridi M
    Molecules, 2022 Nov 18;27(22).
    PMID: 36432107 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27228009
    Natural compounds provide precursors with various pharmacological activities and play an important role in discovering new chemical entities, including radiopharmaceuticals. In the development of new radiopharmaceuticals, iodine radioisotopes are widely used and interact with complex compounds including natural products. However, the development of radiopharmaceuticals from natural compounds with iodine radioisotopes has not been widely explored. This review summarizes the development of radiopharmaceuticals from natural compounds using iodine radioisotopes in the last 10 years, as well as discusses the challenges and strategies to improve future discovery of radiopharmaceuticals from natural resources. Literature research was conducted via PubMed, from which 32 research articles related to the development of natural compounds labeled with iodine radioisotopes were reported. From the literature, the challenges in developing radiopharmaceuticals from natural compounds were the purity and biodistribution. Despite the challenges, the development of radiopharmaceuticals from natural compounds is a golden opportunity for nuclear medicine advancement.
    Matched MeSH terms: Iodine Radioisotopes*
  7. Ali O
    Nutrition, 1995 Sep-Oct;11(5 Suppl):517-20.
    PMID: 8748212
    Iodine as a trace element is an essential nutrient for human growth and development. Its potential impact on manpower development in third world countries are of special concern, primarily due to iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) such as goiter, hypothyroidism, and cretinism. IDD of mild to moderate severity are still found in Malaysia. The prevalence ranges from almost zero in many developed urban areas to more than 90% in some rural parts of Malaysia, especially in Sabah and Sarawak. The endemias were associated with low urinary excretion of iodine among the population, indicating poor iodine intake and low iodine content in the environment. Water and salt iodination strategies are being planned to eradicate the disease by the year 2000.
    Matched MeSH terms: Iodine/administration & dosage; Iodine/deficiency*; Iodine/urine
  8. Nurhidayah W, Widyasari EM, Daruwati I, Mahendra I, Subroto T, Khairul Ikram NK, et al.
    Int J Mol Sci, 2023 May 12;24(10).
    PMID: 37240025 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108678
    The high rate of incidence and mortality caused by breast cancer encourage urgent research to immediately develop new diagnostic and therapeutic agents for breast cancer. Alpha mangostin (AM) is a natural compound reported to have anti-breast cancer properties. Its electron-donating groups structure allows it to be labeled with an iodine-131 radioisotope to develop a candidate of a diagnostic and therapeutic agent for breast cancer. This study aims to prepare the [131I]Iodine-α-mangostin ([131I]I-AM) and evaluate its stability, lipophilicity, and cellular uptake in breast cancer cell lines. The [131I]I-AM was prepared by direct radiosynthesis with Chloramine-T method in two conditions (A: AM dissolved in NaOH, B: AM dissolved in ethanol). Reaction time, pH, and mass of the oxidizing agent were optimized as crucial parameters that affected the radiosynthesis reaction. Further analysis was conducted using the radiosynthesis conditions with the highest radiochemical purity (RCP). Stability tests were carried out at three storage conditions, including -20, 2, and 25 °C. A cellular uptake study was performed in T47D (breast cancer cell line) and Vero cells (noncancerous cell line) at various incubation times. The results show that the RCP values of [131I]I-AM under conditions A and B were 90.63 ± 0.44 and 95.17 ± 0.80% (n = 3), respectively. In the stability test, [131I]I-AM has an RCP above 90% after three days of storage at -20 °C. A significant difference was obtained between [131I]I-AM uptake in T47D and Vero cells. Based on these results, [131I]I-AM has been prepared with high RCP, stable at -20 °C, and specifically uptaken by breast cancer cell lines. Biodistribution evaluations in animals are recommended as further research in developing [131I]I-AM as a diagnostic and therapeutic agent for breast cancer.
    Matched MeSH terms: Iodine*; Iodine Radioisotopes/chemistry
  9. Pramana IGAN, Hariani L, Zarasade L
    Med J Malaysia, 2023 Jul;78(4):484-487.
    PMID: 37518916
    INTRODUCTION: Effective antiseptic use is essential in healthcare settings to prevent the spread of diseases, especially in areas with high patient traffic and exposure to various pathogens. One essential pathogenic germ is Acinetobacter baumannii. Octenidine and povidone-iodine have been demonstrated to be effective against A. baumannii in vitro. This study will compare octenidine dihydrochloride and povidone-iodine as wound-cleansing solutions for wounds contaminated with A. baumannii in vivo.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-four rats were divided into three groups: normal saline, octenidine dihydrochloride and povidone-iodine. Wounds were made on the rats' backs, and A. baumannii germs were inoculated into the wounds. After 3 hours, the wound was irrigated with wound cleansing solution according to the group for 30 seconds. Each wound was taken swab culture before and after wound irrigation and tissue culture 5 hours after wound irrigation.

    RESULTS: All specimens showed bacterial colony growth with a median value of 1.22 × 105 CFU before irrigation. Wound irrigation with normal saline did not reduce colony counts, while there was a 3-log reduction to 5-log reduction in the octenidine and povidone-iodine groups. Statistically, there was no significant difference in the mean number of colonies between the octenidine and povidone-iodine groups after irrigation (p = 0.535). However, 3 hours after irrigation, all specimens that experienced 3-log reduction showed regrowth to more than 1 × 105 CFU. In contrast, specimens subjected to 5-log reduction did not exhibit any regrowth.

    CONCLUSION: The antiseptic effectiveness of octenidine dihydrochloride is equivalent to povidone-iodine in eradicating A. baumannii colonies in wounds in vivo.

    Matched MeSH terms: Povidone-Iodine/pharmacology
  10. Mumtaz M, Lim SL, Khaw CH, Mohd Khir AS
    Malays J Med Sci, 2009 Jan;16(1):25-33.
    PMID: 22589645
    Graves' disease is a common cause of hyperthyroidism. Treatment options for Graves' disease include antithyroid medication, surgery or radioactive iodine (I-31) or RAI. This review will focus on the approach to RAI therapy; discussing dose selection, patient preparation, and consideration before and after administering RAI, examining aspects of pre-treatment with antithyroid medication as well as discussing possible adverse events including hypothyroidism and possible worsening of thyroid-associated opthalmopathy. Follow-up is lifelong with the aim of ensuring the patient remains euthyroid or on replacement therapy if there is evidence of hypothyroidism. While there are controversies in treatment of thyrotoxicosis with RAI, with appropriate patient selection and regular follow-up, radioiodine is a safe and effective modality in achieving high cure rates.
    Matched MeSH terms: Iodine Radioisotopes*
  11. Hussain H, Khalid NM, Selamat R, Wan Nazaimoon WM
    Ann Lab Med, 2013 Sep;33(5):319-25.
    PMID: 24003421 DOI: 10.3343/alm.2013.33.5.319
    BACKGROUND: The urinary iodine micromethod (UIMM) is a modification of the conventional method and its performance needs evaluation.
    METHODS: UIMM performance was evaluated using the method validation and 2008 Iodine Deficiency Disorders survey data obtained from four urinary iodine (UI) laboratories. Method acceptability tests and Sigma quality metrics were determined using total allowable errors (TEas) set by two external quality assurance (EQA) providers.
    RESULTS: UIMM obeyed various method acceptability test criteria with some discrepancies at low concentrations. Method validation data calculated against the UI Quality Program (TUIQP) TEas showed that the Sigma metrics were at 2.75, 1.80, and 3.80 for 51±15.50 µg/L, 108±32.40 µg/L, and 149±38.60 µg/L UI, respectively. External quality control (EQC) data showed that the performance of the laboratories was within Sigma metrics of 0.85-1.12, 1.57-4.36, and 1.46-4.98 at 46.91±7.05 µg/L, 135.14±13.53 µg/L, and 238.58±17.90 µg/L, respectively. No laboratory showed a calculated total error (TEcalc)
    Matched MeSH terms: Iodine/urine*
  12. Taha AM, Zainab T, Lau D, Yeo P
    Med J Malaysia, 1995 Dec;50(4):391-5.
    PMID: 8668062
    Three hundred and forty five salt samples were randomly taken from 106 sources where iodised salts were supplied or put for sale in all areas gazetted as endemic goitre areas in Sarawak. The samples were analysed for the presence of iodine. In areas in Sibu, Sarikei and Kapit Divisions, 53-70% of salt put for sale were iodised while in the other 6 Divisions, it was less than 27%. As iodisation of salt is an interventive measure in addressing the goitre problem in the State, regular monitoring of iodisation facilities and iodine content of iodised salt in the affected areas is important to ensure the effectiveness of the programme.
    Matched MeSH terms: Iodine/administration & dosage*
  13. Mohd Shaiful Nizam Mamat Nasir, Bathma Dhevi Susibalan, Muhammad Nasri Abu Bakar, Suhaimi Yusof, Arfahiza Selimin, Kahairi Abdullah, et al.
    MyJurnal
    Primary thyroid lymphoma is a relatively uncommon pathology of the thyroid gland that mainly occurs in elderly females. We describe a rare case of B-cell thyroid lymphoma in a young healthy male. It is an important diagnosis to be considered in patients presenting with a rapidly enlarging neck mass as its management is different from other differentiated thyroid carcinoma which require total thyroidectomy plus adjuvant radioactive iodine ablation. Our report emphasizes the need for clinical awareness leading to early detection, followed by early multidisciplinary management.
    Matched MeSH terms: Iodine; Iodine Radioisotopes
  14. Ng AH, Alqahtani MS, Jambi LK, Bugby SL, Lees JE, Perkins AC
    Br J Radiol, 2019 Jun;92(1098):20190020.
    PMID: 30864832 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20190020
    OBJECTIVE: To examine the imaging capability of a novel small field of view hybrid gamma camera (HGC) using 125I seeds prior to surgical use.

    METHODS: The imaging performance of the camera system was assessed quantitatively and qualitatively at different source depths, source to collimator distances (SCD), activity levels, acquisition times and source separations, utilising bespoke phantoms.

    RESULTS: The system sensitivity and spatial resolution of the HGC for 125I were 0.41 cps/MBq (at SCD 48 mm) and 1.53 ± 0.23 mm (at SCD 10 mm) respectively. The camera was able to detect the 125I seed at a SCD of 63 mm (with no scattering material in place) in images recorded within a 1-min acquisition time. The detection of the seeds beneath scattering material (simulating deep-seated tumours) was limited to depths of less than 20 mm beneath the skin surface with a SCD of 63 mm and seed activity of 2.43 MBq. Subjective assessments of the hybrid images acquired showed the capability of the HGC for localising the 125I seeds.

    CONCLUSION: This preliminary ex vivo study demonstrates that the HGC is capable of detecting 125I seeds and could be a useful tool in radioactive seed localisation with the added benefit of providing hybrid optical γ images for guiding breast conserving surgery.

    ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE: The SFOV HGC could provide high resolution fused optical-gamma images of 125I radioactive seeds indicating the potential use in intraoperative surgical procedure such as RSL.

    Matched MeSH terms: Iodine Radioisotopes/analysis*
  15. Alnaqi A, Burhamah W, Al-Sultan AT, Taqi E
    World J Surg, 2023 Feb;47(2):448-454.
    PMID: 36316513 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-022-06788-3
    INTRODUCTION: Topical agents are sometimes applied to surgical wounds after closure; these may include antiseptics or antibiotics. Minimal research has been undertaken to investigate the effect of topical regimens on the tensile strength of suture materials.

    AIM: To investigate the effect of four commonly used wound care regimens on the tensile strength of suture materials.

    METHODS: The failure load of 9 different suture materials was tested using the Instron Electroplus E3000 tensile testing machine (Instron Corporation, Norwood, Massachusetts). Tensile strength was represented as the failure load, measured in Newtons (N), and defined as the maximal load that could be applied across the suture prior to failure. Each suture was tested dry and after immersion in one of 4 products for 7 days and tested on day 7. The immersion agents tested were: sodium chloride 0.9%, MicroSafe® (Sonoma Pharmaceuticals, Petaluma, CA), Aqueous Povidone-iodine 10% solution (Betadine-Mundipharma), and Fucidin ointment.

    RESULTS: Sodium chloride 0.9%, MicroSafe®, Aqueous Povidone-iodine 10%, and Fucidin seem to increase the failure load of most absorbable and non-absorbable sutures. However, the failure load of Polyglactin 910 suture (Surgilactin, coated, violet-Ethicon) is reduced by long-term exposure to either sodium chloride 0.9% or MicroSafe®, while the failure load of the Polydioxanone suture (PDS Plus-Ethicon) is reduced by long-term exposure to MicroSafe® only.

    CONCLUSION: In our experiment, the commonly used wound care products have been shown to alter the tensile strength of suture materials. Further human studies are required to ascertain the clinical validity and applicability of our findings.

    Matched MeSH terms: Povidone-Iodine*
  16. Mohd Nor H, Jayapragasam K, Abdullah B
    Biomed Imaging Interv J, 2009 Jul;5(3):e29.
    PMID: 21611058 MyJurnal DOI: 10.2349/biij.5.3.e29
    To compare the diagnostic image quality between three different water soluble iodinated contrast media in hysterosalpingography (HSG).
    Matched MeSH terms: Iodine
  17. Hess SY, Zimmermann MB
    Eur. J. Endocrinol., 2000 Jun;142(6):599-603.
    PMID: 10822222
    The determination of goiter prevalence in children by thyroid ultrasound is an important tool for assessing iodine deficiency disorders. The current World Health Organization/International Council for the Control of Iodine Deficiency Disorders (WHO/ICCIDD) normative values, based on thyroid volume in iodine-sufficient European children, have recently been questioned, as thyroid volumes in iodine-sufficient children from the USA and Malaysia are smaller than the WHO/ICCIDD reference data. Our objective was to describe ultrasonographic thyroid volumes in a representative national sample of iodine-sufficient Swiss school children, and to compare these with the current reference data for thyroid volume.
    Matched MeSH terms: Iodine/deficiency*; Iodine/metabolism*; Iodine/urine
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