MyMedR

This case report illustrates the successful management of a case of mutilated maxillary incisors in a 13 year old patient through a sequence of therapy designed to closely coordinate the various disciplines, endodontics, restorative dentistry and orthodontics, involved. Endodontics was directed towards the control of the infected pulp, restorative treatment was to reconstruct the broken down teeth in stages which were essential in the sequence of treatment, and orthodontics was involved in the achievement of functional occlusion and alignment. The comprehensive treatment approach combined to achieve satisfactory aesthetics and function.

Matched MeSH terms: Orthodontics, Corrective*

Comparing perceptions of dental aesthetics in the USA with those in eleven ethnic groups

Cons NC, Jenny J

Int Dent J, 1994 Dec;44(6):489-94.

PMID: 7851991

The Standard DAI is an orthodontic index based on perceptions of dental aesthetics in the USA. The Standard DAI is a regression equation linking perceptions of the social acceptability of dental aesthetics with the objective intraoral measurements of ten occlusal traits. Since the Standard DAI is based on perceptions of dental aesthetics in the USA it can be used without modification only where perceptions of dental aesthetics are similar to those in the USA. This study was designed to determine whether perceptions of dental aesthetics of students in eleven diverse ethnic groups are similar to those of students in the USA. The same 25 stimuli (photographs of dental configurations, a subset of the 200 stimuli used in deriving the Standard DAI equation) were rated for dental aesthetics by Australian, Chinese, German, Japanese, Korean, Latvian, Native American, Singaporean Chinese, Singaporean Indian, Singaporean Malay, and Thai students. Their ratings were compared with the ratings of the same 25 stimuli by students in the USA. Spearman rank-order correlations ranged from 0.84 to 0.94. These correlations are sufficiently high to show that perceptions of dental aesthetics in all eleven ethnic groups are very similar to the perceptions of USA students. Therefore the Standard DAI can be used without modification in all eleven ethnic groups.

Matched MeSH terms: Orthodontics

Fulltext Dental Education Resources On The World

Khoo, Kong Soo, Ong, Michael Ah Hup

Ann Dent, 1998;5(1):-.

MyJurnal

The existence of numerous World Wide Web (WWW) sites devoted to dental education is proof that dental educators have been utilizing the pedagogical potential of information technology. Despite the availability of an immense quantity of information on the Internet, performing a search is often a complex, uncoordinated and time-consuming procedure, thus the usefulness of a guide on a topic of interest. Forty WWW sites devoted to dental education have been located using search engines. They were evaluated and classified as follows: guides, electronic publications, databases, patient education and undergraduate education; and according to subjects such as oral biology, morphology, histology, microbiology oral pathology, oral and maxillofacial surgery, radiology, periodontology, dental materials, orthodontics and neuroscience. The extensiveness and quality of some of these sites make them useful resources and knowledge banks for the teacher and the student.

Matched MeSH terms: Orthodontics

Epidemiology of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment need of 12-13-year-old Malaysian schoolchildren

Esa R, Razak IA, Allister JH

Community Dent Health, 2001 Mar;18(1):31-6.

PMID: 11421403

Data on malocclusion and orthodontic treatment need in Malaysia are limited. The purpose of this study was to evaluate malocclusion and orthodontic treatment need in a sample of 12-13-year-old schoolchildren using the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI), and to assess the relationship between malocclusion and socio-demographic variables, perceptions of need for orthodontic treatment, aesthetic perception and social functioning.

Matched MeSH terms: Orthodontics, Corrective/statistics & numerical data*

Perception of dental appearance using Index of Treatment Need (Aesthetic Component) assessments

Abdullah MS, Rock WP

Community Dent Health, 2002 Sep;19(3):161-5.

PMID: 12269462

To compare assessments of malocclusion made by an orthodontist with the perceptions of children and their parents.

Matched MeSH terms: Orthodontics, Corrective/statistics & numerical data*

Orthodontic treatment need in Asian adult males

Soh J, Sandham A

Angle Orthod, 2004 Dec;74(6):769-73.

PMID: 15673139

Orthodontic treatment in adults has gained social and professional acceptance in recent years. An assessment of orthodontic treatment need helps to identify individuals who will benefit from treatment and safeguard their interest. The purpose of this study was to assess the objective and subjective levels of orthodontic treatment need in a sample of orthodontically untreated adult Asian males. A sample of male army recruits (n = 339, age 17-22 years, Chinese = 258, Malay = 60, Indian = 21) with no history of orthodontic treatment or craniofacial anomalies participated in the study on a voluntary basis with informed consent. Impressions for study models were taken. Objective treatment need was assessed based on study model analysis using the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN). Questionnaires were used to assess subjective treatment need based on subjective esthetic component (EC) ratings. Fifty percentage of the sample had a definite need for orthodontic treatment (dental health component [DHC] grades 4 and 5), whereas 29.2% had a moderate need for treatment (DHC grades 3). The occlusal trait most commonly identified was dental crossbite. Malay males had the highest percentage with a definite need for treatment for both dental health and esthetic reasons in comparison with Chinese and Indian males. However, there was no difference in the level of treatment need among the ethnic groups (P > .05). No correlation between objective and subjective EC scores was found (P > .05). A high level of investigator-identified treatment need was not supported by a similar level of subject awareness among the adult sample.

Matched MeSH terms: Orthodontics, Corrective/statistics & numerical data

Role of interceptive orthodontics in early mixed dentition

Wong ML, Che Fatimah Awang, Ng LK, Norlian D, Rashidah Dato Burhanudin, Gere MJ

Singapore Dent J, 2004 Dec;26(1):10-4.

PMID: 15736836

Early orthodontic interventions are often initiated in the developing dentition to promote favourable developmental changes and remove or suppress those that are unfavourable. Early interceptive orthodontics can eliminate or reduce the severity of a developing malocclusion, the complexity of orthodontic treatment, overall treatment time and cost. It also improves self-esteem in the subjects and parental satisfaction. Early detection and appropriate referral of cases requiring interceptive orthodontics are important. However, lack of awareness among school children, parents and primary-care personnel (dental nurses and dental officers) may result in patients not being referred for timely interceptive intervention. This article presents a general view of the scope of interceptive orthodontics that can be carried out in early mixed dentition, i.e. when the permanent incisors and molars are erupting into the oral cavity.

Matched MeSH terms: Orthodontics, Interceptive*

Fulltext The expert says............. IOTN as a tool in prioritizing orthodontic treatment

Rohaya Megat Abdul Wahab

Malaysian Dental Journal, 2007;28(1):32-33.

MyJurnal

Deviations from normal occlusion are known as malocclusion. Orthodontics treatment usually is the choice of management of irregularities and abnormalities of their relation to the surrounding structures i.e malocclusions. Patient or parent commonly seeks orthodontic treatment for aesthetic reasons rather than functional problems such as temporomandibular joint dysfunction. With greater demand for orthodontic treatment due to greater awareness of the people towards dental health, good orthodontic treatment outcome would be expected. Good orthodontic treatment outcome usually related to good clinical management of the patients. (Copied from article).

Matched MeSH terms: Orthodontics

Fulltext Cellular and molecular changes in orthodontic tooth movement

Zainal Ariffin SH, Yamamoto Z, Zainol Abidin IZ, Megat Abdul Wahab R, Zainal Ariffin Z

ScientificWorldJournal, 2011;11:1788-803.

PMID: 22125437 DOI: 10.1100/2011/761768

Tooth movement induced by orthodontic treatment can cause sequential reactions involving the periodontal tissue and alveolar bone, resulting in the release of numerous substances from the dental tissues and surrounding structures. To better understand the biological processes involved in orthodontic treatment, improve treatment, and reduce adverse side effects, several of these substances have been proposed as biomarkers. Potential biological markers can be collected from different tissue samples, and suitable sampling is important to accurately reflect biological processes. This paper covers the tissue changes that are involved during orthodontic tooth movement such as at compression region (involving osteoblasts), tension region (involving osteoclasts), dental root, and pulp tissues. Besides, the involvement of stem cells and their development towards osteoblasts and osteoclasts during orthodontic treatment have also been explained. Several possible biomarkers representing these biological changes during specific phenomenon, that is, bone remodelling (formation and resorption), inflammation, and root resorption have also been proposed. The knowledge of these biomarkers could be used in accelerating orthodontic treatment.

Matched MeSH terms: Orthodontics*

Fulltext Factors influencing patient satisfaction with dental appearance and treatments they desire to improve aesthetics

Tin-Oo MM, Saddki N, Hassan N

BMC Oral Health, 2011;11:6.

PMID: 21342536 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6831-11-6

We assessed factors influencing patients' satisfaction with their dental appearance and the treatments they desired to improve dental aesthetics.

Matched MeSH terms: Orthodontics, Corrective/psychology; Orthodontics, Corrective/statistics & numerical data

Fulltext An audit of the caseload and waiting time for orthodontic treatment in a university setting

Abang Abdullah AA, Ruslan R, Mohd. Yashin SH

Malaysian Dental Journal, 2011;32(1):17-20.

MyJurnal

Objective: To audit the amount and complexity of case load and the waiting time for orthodontic treatment in Orthodontic Department of Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM).
Materials and Methods: This study involved three waiting list records in Orthodontic department, UKM and 484 patients’ record were selected using Random Sampling technique. Demographic data of the patients were noted. Data on date of patient’s visit to ‘Klinik Rawatan Utama’ (KRU), Screening clinic and first orthodontic treatment (removable/fixed) clinics were also recorded. The severity of referred cases were graded using complexity scale (Russle et al, 1999).
Results: Patients were mostly female (76%) with age ranging from 10 to 52 years old. 75% of the referred cases were complex cases. From the year 2002-2007, 35% were referred for removable and 65% were referred for fixed clinic. In average, orthodontic screening waiting time was 6.9 ± 2.5 month. Patient would received removable and fixed appliance treatment after 4.4 ± 1.0 months and 14.5 ± 9.8 months respectively.
Conclusions: Most patients were referred to fixed waiting list. The waiting time from 2002 until 2007 for orthodontic treatment in UKM was longest for fixed followed by screening. The shortest waiting time was for the removable treatment.
Study site: Orthodontic Department of Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM)

Matched MeSH terms: Orthodontics, Corrective

Fulltext Proteomic analysis of saliva identifies potential biomarkers for orthodontic tooth movement

Ellias MF, Zainal Ariffin SH, Karsani SA, Abdul Rahman M, Senafi S, Megat Abdul Wahab R

ScientificWorldJournal, 2012;2012:647240.

PMID: 22919344 DOI: 10.1100/2012/647240

Orthodontic treatment has been shown to induce inflammation, followed by bone remodelling in the periodontium. These processes trigger the secretion of various proteins and enzymes into the saliva. This study aims to identify salivary proteins that change in expression during orthodontic tooth movement. These differentially expressed proteins can potentially serve as protein biomarkers for the monitoring of orthodontic treatment and tooth movement. Whole saliva from three healthy female subjects were collected before force application using fixed appliance and at 14 days after 0.014'' Niti wire was applied. Salivary proteins were resolved using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE) over a pH range of 3-10, and the resulting proteome profiles were compared. Differentially expressed protein spots were then identified by MALDI-TOF/TOF tandem mass spectrometry. Nine proteins were found to be differentially expressed; however, only eight were identified by MALDI-TOF/TOF. Four of these proteins-Protein S100-A9, immunoglobulin J chain, Ig alpha-1 chain C region, and CRISP-3-have known roles in inflammation and bone resorption.

Matched MeSH terms: Orthodontics*

Postnatal treatment factors affecting craniofacial morphology of unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) patients in a Japanese population

Alam MK, Iida J, Sato Y, Kajii TS

Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2013 Dec;51(8):e205-10.

PMID: 23099108 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2012.10.001

We have evaluated the craniofacial morphology of Japanese patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) and assessed the various postnatal factors that affect it. Lateral cephalograms of 140 subjects (mean (SD) aged 7 (2) years) with UCLP were taken before orthodontic treatment. Surgeons from Hokkaido University Hospital had done the primary operations. The craniofacial morphology was assessed by angular and linear cephalometric measurements. Cheiloplasty, palatoplasty, and preoperative orthopaedic treatment were chosen as postnatal factors. To compare the assessments of the postnatal factors, we made angular and linear cephalometric measurements for each subject and converted them into Z scores in relation to the mean (SD) of the two variables. Subjects treated by the modified Millard cheiloplasty had larger sella-nasion-point A (SNA) and nasion-point A-pogonion (NA-POG) measurements than subjects treated by the modified Millard with a vomer flap cheiloplasty. Two-stage palatoplasty showed consistently better craniofacial morphology than the other palatoplasty. Subjects who had preoperative orthopaedic treatment with a Hotz plate had significantly larger upper incisor/sella-nasion (U1-SN) measurements than who had no preoperative orthopaedic treatment or an active plate. We conclude that in subjects treated by a modified Millard type of cheiloplasty, a two-stage palatoplasty, and a Hotz plate there were fewer adverse effects on craniofacial morphology.

Matched MeSH terms: Orthodontics, Corrective

Dental care access among individuals with Down syndrome: a Malaysian scenario

Abdul Rahim FS, Mohamed AM, Marizan Nor M, Saub R

Acta Odontol Scand, 2014 Nov;72(8):999-1004.

PMID: 25029211 DOI: 10.3109/00016357.2014.936036

The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to assess the legal representatives' perceptions on dental care access of individuals with Down syndrome (DS) compared to their non-DS siblings in Peninsular Malaysia.

Matched MeSH terms: Orthodontics, Corrective/statistics & numerical data

Fulltext An overview of indices used to measure treatment effectiveness in patients with cleft lip and palate

Haque S, Alam MK, Arshad AI

Malays J Med Sci, 2015 Jan-Feb;22(1):4-11.

PMID: 25892945 MyJurnal

In the contemporary era, the demand for orthodontic treatment is ever rising. Orthodontic treatment duration can range from a year to a few years. Our aim is to assess the available techniques of categorising treatment effectiveness in patients with cleft lip and palate (CLP) and to study their effect on improvement of treatment outcomes. The electronic databases including Medline-PUBMED, Science Direct, and ISI Web of Knowledge were searched from 1987 to 2013, and 40 311 relevant articles were found. Of these, we identified 22 articles including original articles as well as literature reviews. The different parameters and indices that are applied to speed-up orthodontic treatment outcomes in patients with CLP were identified as the GOSLON Yardstick, 5-year-old index, EUROCRAN index, Huddart Bodenham system, modified Huddart Bodenham system, GOAL Yardstick and, Bauru-Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Yardstick. This overview can create better awareness regarding the uses, advantages, and disadvantages of the different indices. It can enable better assessment and provide the impetus needed for a sustained upgrade in the standards of care for CLP in daily orthodontics.

Matched MeSH terms: Orthodontics

Assessment of Gender Dimorphism on Sagittal Cephalometry in Pakistani Population

Qamruddin I, Alam MK, Shahid F, Tanveer S, Mukhtiar M, Asim Z

J Coll Physicians Surg Pak, 2016 May;26(5):390-3.

PMID: 27225144 DOI: 2321

OBJECTIVE: To determine and compare the cephalometric values among Pakistani males and females using commonly used sagittal skeletal measurements (ANB, Wits appraisal, Beta-angle) and newly developed cephalometric analyses (Yen-angle and W-angle).

STUDY DESIGN: Observational, cross-sectional study.

PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY: Orthodontic Department of Baqai Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan, from August to October 2013.

METHODOLOGY: Atotal of 209 pre-treatment lateral cephalometric radiographs of orthodontic patients were selected from departmental records, comprised of 92 males and 117 females. Radiographs were traced for measurements of ANB, Wits appraisal, Beta-angle, W-angle and Yen-angle. Patients were categorized into skeletal classes I, II, and III on the basis of performed measurements, incisor classification, and profile recorded from their records. Descriptive analysis was used to obtain median interquartile range in both the genders and Mann-Whitney U-test was used to observe gender dimorphism.

RESULTS: Skeletal class II was the most prevalent type of malocclusion. There were no difference in the obtained measurements between males and females except the Wits appraisal and Beta-angle in class II patients, which showed significant difference in values (p < 0.05).

CONCLUSION: Pakistani population has no significant different difference in the craniofacial morphology of males and females, with the exception of Wits-appraisal and Beta-angle in class II cases.

Matched MeSH terms: Orthodontics

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