MyMedR

Fulltext Extraskeletal osteosarcoma of the thigh

Dhillon KS, Suntharalingam S, Maurer HJ

Med J Malaysia, 1993 Dec;48(4):453-6.

To our knowledge extraosseous osteosarcoma has not been reported in the Malaysian literature. We report a case of extraosseous osteosarcoma which was treated by intra-arterial chemotherapy, embolization, wide resection of tumour and salvage of limb with good functional result.

Matched MeSH terms: Osteosarcoma/pathology

Fulltext Osteosarcoma in a sixteen-month old boy

Ibrahim S, Sundari MN, Masir N

Med J Malaysia, 1999 Jun;54(2):261-3.

PMID: 10972039

We report a case of a sixteen-month old boy with osteosarcoma of the left humerus. To the best of our knowledge this is the youngest case reported in Malaysia. This case illustrates that osteosarcoma although rare does occur in a very young child. The child died six weeks after presentation due to disseminated disease.

Matched MeSH terms: Osteosarcoma/pathology

Fulltext A retrospective clinicopathological study of 59 osteogenic sarcoma of jaw bone archived in a stomatology unit

Ajura AJ, Lau SH

Malays J Pathol, 2010 Jun;32(1):27-34.

PMID: 20614723 MyJurnal

To determine the clinicopathological features of osteogenic sarcomas of the mandible and maxilla.

Matched MeSH terms: Osteosarcoma/pathology*

Tumour volume and lung metastasis in patients with osteosarcoma

Munajat I, Zulmi W, Norazman MZ, Wan Faisham WI

J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong), 2008 Aug;16(2):182-5.

PMID: 18725669

To assess the association between tumour volume and occurrence of lung metastasis in patients with osteosarcoma and to determine the cut-off value.

Matched MeSH terms: Osteosarcoma/pathology*

Fulltext An extensive sinonasal osteosarcoma mimicking chondrosarcoma

Shahid H, Baharudin A, Halim AS, Biswal BM, Jihan WS

Med J Malaysia, 2007 Jun;62(2):171-2.

PMID: 18705458 MyJurnal

Osteosarcoma is a rare tumour in the sinonasal region. Early diagnosis is essential for adequate management and better prognosis and this requires a meticulous histopathological examination. Reported is a case of osteosarcoma misdiagnosed as chondrosarcoma and treated by surgery followed by radiotherapy. However, appropriate diagnosis and pre-operative chemotherapy would have been significant in the prognosis. The pitfall of accurate diagnosis and the subsequent treatment is discussed in order to find the ways to maximize five years survival which is not more than 25% in this type of lesions.

Matched MeSH terms: Osteosarcoma/pathology

Prognostic factors and survival rate of osteosarcoma: A single-institution study

Faisham WI, Mat Saad AZ, Alsaigh LN, Nor Azman MZ, Kamarul Imran M, Biswal BM, et al.

Asia Pac J Clin Oncol, 2017 Apr;13(2):e104-e110.

PMID: 25870979 DOI: 10.1111/ajco.12346

AIM: Osteosarcoma is a highly malignant primary bone tumor. The study aim to evaluate the prognostic factors influencing the survival rate in our center.

METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study of all patients treated between January 2005 and December 2010.

RESULTS: We included 163 patients with an age range of 6-59 years (median = 19). The median follow-up was 47 months (range 36-84). The overall survival in patients who completed chemotherapy and surgery (n = 117) was 72% at 2 years and 44% at 5 years. Histologically, 99 (85%) had osteoblastic, 6 (5%) had chondroblastic and 3 (2.5%) had telangiectatic osteosarcoma. Limb salvage surgery was performed in 80 (49%) and 41 (25%) underwent amputation. However, 46 patients (28%) underwent no surgical intervention and incomplete chemotherapy. In total, 38/79 patients had a good chemotherapy response. There was a significantly better survival rate for limb salvage versus amputation. Independent prognostic factors for survival are compliance to treatment and presence of lung metastasis.

CONCLUSION: The overall survival of osteosarcoma patients was influenced by the presence of pulmonary metastases and compliance to treatment. Histological subtype, different chemotherapy regimens and histological necrosis after chemotherapy did not significantly influence survival. The patients who did not complete treatment had significantly poorer survival.

Matched MeSH terms: Osteosarcoma/pathology

Osteosarcoma presenting as an aggressive nodular mass in the region of the mandible

Ong ST, Shim CK, Ng KH, Siar CH

J Oral Sci, 2004 Mar;46(1):55-9.

PMID: 15141725

Osteosarcomas are highly malignant neoplasms of bone that are challenging to diagnose. These neoplasms often show atypical behavior. In the initial phase they may present as nondescript bony swellings with an indolent growth rate, only to become overtly aggressive and malignant towards the later phase of the disease. Similarly, the histological growth pattern of this neoplasm can be quite diverse, presenting with areas that mimic benign myofibroblastic tumors, giant cell granulomatous conditions and partial encapsulation. The final diagnosis of an osteosarcoma is often reached after thorough sampling and examination of multiple biopsy specimens. All these clinical features and histological diagnostic difficulties were encountered in a case of osteosarcoma affecting the right mandible of a 62-year-old Chinese woman described here. The diagnostic lessons accrued from this case are discussed.

Matched MeSH terms: Osteosarcoma/pathology*

Photodynamic application of protoporphyrin IX as a photosensitizer encapsulated by silica nanoparticles

Makhadmeh GN, Abdul Aziz A

Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol, 2018;46(sup3):S1043-S1046.

PMID: 30449196 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2018.1528982

BACKGROUND: Achieved Silica Nanoparticles (SiNPs) to encapsulate the photosensitizer [Protoporphyrin IX (PpIX)] in photodynamic therapy (PDT) application was reported in this research.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cytotoxicity for five different concentrations of encapsulated and naked PpIX was measured. Optimum concentration and optimum exposure time of encapsulated and naked PpIX that needed to destroy the cells (Osteosarcoma cells) was measured.

RESULTS: The results showed that the encapsulated PpIX has more efficacy compared to the naked PpIX and the applicability of the encapsulated PpIX-SiNPs was proved on osteosarcoma cells.

CONCLUSION: The results established the important in-vitro photodynamic effectiveness of PpIX-SiNP, which may open a new application for PpIX in its clinical and in-vitro studies.

Matched MeSH terms: Osteosarcoma/pathology

Fulltext Rare occurrence of bilateral breast and peritoneal metastases from osteogenic sarcoma

Chan RS, Kumar G, Vijayananthan AA

Singapore Med J, 2013 Mar;54(3):e68-71.

PMID: 23546040

Breast metastases are uncommon and typically spread from contralateral breast carcinomas. Breast metastases that spread from extramammary malignancies are even less common, and account for 0.5%-6.6% of all malignant breast disease. As extrapulmonary metastases from osteosarcoma are uncommon, breast metastasis from osteosarcoma is extremely rare. We report a case of breast and peritoneal metastases from a tibial osteosarcoma 18 months after diagnosis, and 9 months after surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy. Computed tomography findings of multiple calcified and noncalcified tumour deposits in the lungs, pleura, peritoneum, chest wall and both breasts are described.

Matched MeSH terms: Osteosarcoma/pathology*

Endoprosthetic reconstruction for giant cell tumors of the distal tibia: a short term review

Ajit Singh V, Nasirudin N, Bernatt M

Asia Pac J Clin Oncol, 2013 Jun;9(2):182-9.

PMID: 22897856 DOI: 10.1111/j.1743-7563.2012.01553.x

Custom-made endoprosthetic reconstruction for distal tibia tumors is a viable option of treatment in carefully selected patients. It maintains satisfactory function and provides good pain relief. We report four cases of giant cell tumors of the distal tibia successfully treated by endoprosthetic reconstruction. This is a feasible option in cases of this nature and offers a better function than the other available options.

Matched MeSH terms: Osteosarcoma/pathology

Subacute osteomyelitis masquerading as primary bone sarcoma: report of six cases

Dhanoa A, Singh VA

Surg Infect (Larchmt), 2010 Oct;11(5):475-8.

PMID: 20858161 DOI: 10.1089/sur.2009.011

We report a series of six immunocompetent patients who were believed initially to have primary bone sarcomas, but turned out to have subacute osteomyelitis.

Matched MeSH terms: Osteosarcoma/pathology*

Contrasting increased levels of serum amyloid A in patients with three different bone sarcomas: An indicator of tumor malignancy?

Wan-Ibrahim WI, Ashrafzadeh A, Singh VA, Hashim OH, Abdul-Rahman PS

Electrophoresis, 2016 09;37(17-18):2328-37.

PMID: 27062367 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201500522

Sarcoma is a malignant tumor that originates from the bone or soft tissue. In this study, abundances of serum amyloid A (SAA) in patients with pleomorphic sarcoma (PS), chondrosarcoma (CS), and osteosarcoma (OS) were analyzed and compared with those from their respective age-matched healthy control subjects. Results obtained from our analysis by 2DE showed that the levels of SAA were markedly elevated in patients with PS and OS, which are highly metastatic, while in patients with CS, which is a less aggressive sarcoma, the increase appeared less pronounced. A similar trend of altered abundances was also observed when the levels of SAA in the subjects were estimated using Western blot, ELISA, and multiple-reaction monitoring analyses. Absolute quantification using multiple-reaction monitoring further demonstrated that the increased abundance of SAA in patients with PS, OS, and CS was mainly attributed to isoform SAA1. In view of the different degrees of tumor malignancy in PS, OS, and CS, our data suggest their apparent correlation with the levels of SAA in the patients.

Matched MeSH terms: Osteosarcoma/pathology*

Fulltext MXene Surface on Multiple Junction Triangles for Determining Osteosarcoma Cancer Biomarker by Dielectrode Microgap Sensor

Zhou D, Gopinath SCB, Mohamed Saheed MS, Siva Sangu S, Lakshmipriya T

Int J Nanomedicine, 2020;15:10171-10181.

PMID: 33363373 DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S284752

Background: In recent years, nanomaterials have justified their dissemination for biosensor application towards the sensitive and selective detections of clinical biomarkers at the lower levels. MXene is a two-dimensional layered transition metal, attractive for biosensing due to its chemical, physical and electrical properties along with the biocompatibility.

Materials and Methods: This work was focused on diagnosing osteosarcoma (OS), a common bone cancer, on MXene-modified multiple junction triangles by dielectrode sensing. Survivin protein gene is highly correlated with OS, identified on this sensing surface. Capture DNA was immobilized on MXene by using 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane as an amine linker and duplexed by the target DNA sequence.

Results: The limitation and sensitivity of detection were found as 1 fM with the acceptable regression co-efficient value (y=1.0037⨰ + 0.525; R2=0.978) and the current enhancement was noted when increasing the target DNA concentrations. Moreover, the control sequences of single- and triple-mismatched and noncomplementary to the target DNA sequences failed to hybridize on the capture DNA, confirming the specificity. In addition, different batches were prepared with capture probe immobilized sensing surfaces and proved the efficient reproducibility.

Conclusion: This microgap device with Mxene-modified multiple junction triangles dielectrode surface is beneficial to quantify the survivin gene at its lower level and diagnosing OS complication levels.

Matched MeSH terms: Osteosarcoma/pathology

Fulltext Emerging Anticancer Potentials of Selenium on Osteosarcoma

Pang KL, Chin KY

Int J Mol Sci, 2019 Oct 25;20(21).

PMID: 31731474 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215318

Selenium is a trace element essential to humans and forms complexes with proteins, which exert physiological functions in the body. In vitro studies suggested that selenium possesses anticancer effects and may be effective against osteosarcoma. This review aims to summarise current evidence on the anticancer activity of inorganic and organic selenium on osteosarcoma. Cellular studies revealed that inorganic and organic selenium shows cytotoxicity, anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects on various osteosarcoma cell lines. These actions may be mediated by oxidative stress induced by selenium compounds, leading to the activation of p53, proapoptotic proteins and caspases. Inorganic selenium is selective towards cancer cells, but can cause non-selective cell death at a high dose. This condition challenges the controlled release of selenium from biomaterials. Selenium treatment in animals inoculated with osteosarcoma reduced the tumour size, but did not eliminate the incidence of osteosarcoma. Only one study investigated the relationship between selenium and osteosarcoma in humans, but the results were inconclusive. In summary, although selenium may exert anticancer properties on osteosarcoma in experimental model systems, its effects in humans require further investigation.

Matched MeSH terms: Osteosarcoma/pathology

Fulltext Curcumin Analog DK1 Induces Apoptosis in Human Osteosarcoma Cells In Vitro through Mitochondria-Dependent Signaling Pathway

Aziz MNM, Hussin Y, Che Rahim NF, Nordin N, Mohamad NE, Yeap SK, et al.

Molecules, 2018 Jan 05;23(1).

PMID: 29303982 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23010075

Osteosarcoma is one of the primary malignant bone tumors that confer low survival rates for patients even with intensive regime treatments. Therefore, discovery of novel anti-osteosarcoma drugs derived from natural products that are not harmful to the normal cells remains crucial. Curcumin is one of the natural substances that have been extensively studied due to its anti-cancer properties and is pharmacologically safe considering its ubiquitous consumption for centuries. However, curcumin suffers from a poor circulating bioavailability, which has led to the development of a chemically synthesized curcuminoid analog, namely (Z)-3-hydroxy-1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-one (DK1). In this study, the cytotoxic effects of the curcumin analog DK1 was investigated in both U-2OS and MG-63 osteosarcoma cell lines using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and cell death was microscopically examined via acridine orange/propidium iodide (AO/PI) double staining. Flow cytometer analysis including Annexin V/Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), cell cycle analysis and JC-1 were adapted to determine the mode of cell death. Subsequently in order to determine the mechanism of cell death, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and proteome profiling was carried out to measure the expression of several apoptotic-related genes and proteins. Results indicated that DK1 induced U-2 OS and MG-63 morphological changes and substantially reduced cell numbers through induction of apoptosis. Several apoptotic genes and proteins were steadily expressed after treatment with DK1; including caspase 3, caspase 9, and BAX, which indicated that apoptosis occurred through a mitochondria-dependent signaling pathway. In conclusion, DK1 could be considered as a potential candidate for an anti-osteosarcoma drug in the near future, contingent upon its ability to induce apoptosis in osteosarcoma cell lines.

Matched MeSH terms: Osteosarcoma/pathology

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