Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 308 in total

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  1. Mahadevan D, Sudirman A, Kandasami P, Ramesh G
    J Minim Access Surg, 2010 Oct;6(4):111-3.
    PMID: 21120068 DOI: 10.4103/0972-9941.72597
    AIM: The role of laparoscopy in staging of gastric cancer is widely accepted; however, in Malaysia its usage has been limited. Patients can be classified as resectable or unresectable, which helps in avoiding an unwanted laparotomy and the morbidities associated with it. The aim of this study was to assess the value of laparoscopy in staging of gastric cancer in comparison with CT scan.
    MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients with carcinoma of the stomach after a complete preoperative work-up underwent laparoscopy prior to surgical exploration. TNM staging was used to compare laparoscopy with CT, with the histopathological report used as the gold standard.
    RESULTS: Forty cases were included in this study. The sensitivity of laparoscopy for T3 tumours appears to be significant when compared to that of CT. Laparoscopy detected 90.3% of the cases as against the 58% detected with CT. There was not much difference in the N factor. With regard to M factor, the sensitivity was 100% for laparoscopy in comparison with CT.
    CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopy has been shown to be sensitive in detecting metastasis in gastric cancer in comparison to CT, thus helping in avoiding unwanted laparotomy and thus providing a more systemic approach in managing gastric cancers.
    KEYWORDS: Gastric cancer; laparoscopic staging
    Matched MeSH terms: Stomach Neoplasms*
  2. Low TS, Goh KL
    JUMMEC, 1997;2:77-83.
    Matched MeSH terms: Stomach
  3. Lopez D
    Med J Malaysia, 1993 Sep;48(3):351-4.
    PMID: 8183152
    A case of acute gastric volvulus associated with eventration of the diaphragm in a previously well 6 year old child is reported. The child presented with acute abdominal pain, abdominal distension and vomiting. At operation, mesentero-axial type gastric volvulus was found, associated with laxity of the gastro-splenic, gastrohepatic and gastrocolic ligaments and eventration of the left hemidiaphragm. Rapid recovery followed surgery that included release of distension and fixation of the stomach to the anterior abdominal wall. There has been no evidence of recurrence on a 2 year follow-up.
    Matched MeSH terms: Stomach Volvulus/etiology; Stomach Volvulus/surgery*
  4. Cheong EV, Ho GF
    Clin Case Rep, 2021 Apr;9(4):2264-2268.
    PMID: 33936677 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.4009
    The development of resistance to trastuzumab in HER2-positive gastroesophageal cancer remains a problem. The use of dual HER2 blockade to overcome this is a therapeutic strategy that should be researched more extensively.
    Matched MeSH terms: Stomach Neoplasms
  5. Goh KL
    JUMMEC, 2001;6:6-11.
    Matched MeSH terms: Stomach
  6. Trang PH, Ooi PT, Zuki AB, Noordin MM
    ScientificWorldJournal, 2012;2012:894952.
    PMID: 23093914 DOI: 10.1100/2012/894952
    It is hypothesized that despite sharing a similar habitat, the Muong indigenous and Vietnamese wild pigs may reveal different gastric morphology. Due to the protective nature of procuring these pigs, a total of 12 Muong indigenous pigs and nine Vietnamese wild pigs stomach collected post mortem were analysed for selected biometric parameters and histology. The result indicated that the stomach of the Vietnamese wild pig is broader with a bigger capacity and greater proportion of proper gastric glands. Interestingly, the stomach mass correlated well with live body weight in both breeds apart from possessing similar histomorphometry of the gastric gland regions. On the other hand, the thicker (P < 0.05) submucosa in the Vietnamese wild pig is attributed to the presence of numerous loose connective tissues, abundant blood vessels, adipose tissues and nerve plexus. The appearance of lymphoid follicles underneath the tubular gastric glands in the Vietnamese wild pig exceeded that of Muong indigenous pigs. This finding suggested that the difference in feeding behavior as well as immunity. In conclusion, adaptations found in the Vietnamese wild pig indicated that this breed is equipped with a bigger and effectively functional stomach to suit its digestive physiology and immunity in the wild.
    Matched MeSH terms: Stomach/anatomy & histology*
  7. Bera H, Ippagunta SR, Kumar S, Vangala P
    Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl, 2017 Jul 01;76:715-726.
    PMID: 28482582 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.03.074
    Novel alginate-arabic gum (AG) gel membrane coated alginate-ghatti gum (GG) modified montmorillonite (MMT) composite matrices were developed for intragastric flurbiprofen (FLU) delivery by combining floating and mucoadhesion mechanisms. The clay-biopolymer composite matrices containing FLU as core were accomplished by ionic-gelation technique. Effects of polymer-blend (alginate:GG) ratios and crosslinker (CaCl2) concentrations on drug entrapment efficiency (DEE, %) and cumulative drug release after 8h (Q8h, %) were studied to optimize the core matrices by a 32factorial design. The optimized matrices (F-O) demonstrated DEE of 91.69±1.43% and Q8hof 74.96±1.56% with minimum errors in prediction. The alginate-AG gel membrane enveloped optimized matrices (F-O, coated) exhibited superior buoyancy, better ex vivo mucoadhesion and slower drug release rate. The drug release profile of FLU-loaded uncoated and coated optimized matrices was best fitted in Korsmeyer-Peppas model with anomalous diffusion and case-II transport driven mechanism, respectively. The uncoated and coated matrices containing FLU were also characterized for drug-excipients compatibility, drug crystallinity, thermal behaviour and surface morphology. Thus, the newly developed alginate-AG gel membrane coated alginate-GG modified MMT composite matrices are appropriate for intragastric delivery of FLU over an extended period of time with improved therapeutic benefits.
    Matched MeSH terms: Stomach*
  8. Cheah PL, Ramachandran K
    Malays J Pathol, 1994 Jun;16(1):39-42.
    PMID: 16329574
    Mucins are produced by both benign and malignant gastric epithelium. In general, mucins can be classified into neutral and acidic mucins. The latter are of 2 major types, sulphated (sulphomucins) and carboxylated (sialomucins). A retrospective study was initiated at the Department of Pathology, University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur to histochemically study the mucin profiles of cases of intestinal (IGC) and diffuse (DGC) types of gastric carcinoma in Malaysian patients to determine whether a significant change of mucin type occurs in the event of malignant transformation. 42 IGC and 37 DGC were subjected to alcian blue-periodic acid Schiff and high iron diamine-alcian blue histochemical staining. In addition, 18 cases of gastrectomies performed for benign lesions in the stomach served as normal controls. The number of cases of IGC and DGC which exhibited sulphomucin production was significantly increased (p < 0.001) compared to normal controls. Also, the number of cases of DGC which produced neutral mucin were significantly less (p < 0.05) than the control group. However, there was no significant difference between the number of IGC and DGC cases which demonstrated sialomucin production and normal controls. It appears that while not pathognomonic, a lack of neutral mucin production should alert the pathologist to the possibility of a gastric malignancy, in particular DGC. The likelihood of a malignant lesion would be further supported if there is an increased sulphomucin production.
    Matched MeSH terms: Stomach/metabolism; Stomach/pathology; Stomach Neoplasms/classification; Stomach Neoplasms/metabolism; Stomach Neoplasms/pathology*
  9. Saremi K, Rad SK, Tayeby F, Abdulla MA, Karimian H, Majid NA
    BMC Pharmacol Toxicol, 2019 Feb 15;20(1):13.
    PMID: 30770761 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-019-0292-z
    BACKGROUND: Basic function of bromine in body is to activate pepsin production in gastritis with low acidity. The present study encompasses a broad in vivo study to evaluate gastroprotective activity of a novel dibromo substituted Schiff base complex against Sprague Dawley (SD) rats.

    METHODS: 2, 2'-[1, 2-cyclohexanediylbis (nitriloethylidyne)]bis(4-bromophenol) (CNBP) is synthesized via a Schiff base reaction, using the related ketone and diamine as the starting materials. SD rats are divided as normal, ulcer control (5 ml/kg of 10% Tween 20), testing (10 and 20 mg/kg of CNBP) and reference groups (omeprazole 20 mg/kg). Except for the normal group, the rest of the groups are induced gastric ulcer by ethanol 1 h after the pre-treatment. Ulcer area, gastric wall mucus, and acidity of gastric content of the animal stomachs are measured after euthanization. Antioxidant activity of the compound is tested by Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) test and safety of the compound is identified through acute toxicity by [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Moreover, activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), levels of prostaglandins E2 (PGE2) and also malondialdehyde (MDA) are determined.

    RESULTS: Antioxidant activity of CNBP was approved via FRAP assay. Vast shallow hemorrhagic injury of gastric glandular mucosa was observed in the ulcer group compared to the CNBP-treated animals. Histological evaluations confirmed stomach epithelial defense effect of CNBP with drastic decrease of gastric ulceration, edema and leucocytes penetration of submucosal stratum. Immunostaining exhibited over-expression in HSP70 protein in CNBP-treated groups compared to that of the ulcer group. Also, gastric protein analysis showed low levels of MDA, PGE2 and high activity of SOD and CAT.

    CONCLUSIONS: CNBP with noticeable antioxidant property showed gastroprotective activity in the testing rodents via alteration of HSP70 protein expression. Also, antioxidant enzyme activities which were changed after treatment with CNBP in the animals could be elucidated as its gastroprotective properties.

    Matched MeSH terms: Stomach/drug effects; Stomach/pathology; Stomach/physiology; Stomach Ulcer/chemically induced; Stomach Ulcer/drug therapy*; Stomach Ulcer/metabolism; Stomach Ulcer/pathology
  10. Siow SL, Tee SC, Wong CM
    J Med Case Rep, 2015;9:49.
    PMID: 25890166 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-015-0519-6
    Paraesophageal hernia with intrathoracic mesentericoaxial type of gastric volvulus is a rare clinical entity. The rotation occurs because of the idiopathic relaxation of the gastric ligaments and ascent of the stomach adjacent to the oesophagus through the hiatus defect, while the gastroesophageal junction remains in the abdomen. The open approach remains the gold standard therapy for most patients. Here we report the case of a patient with such a condition who underwent a successful laparoscopic surgery. A literature search revealed that this is the first case report from Southeast Asia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Stomach/surgery*; Stomach Volvulus/diagnosis; Stomach Volvulus/surgery*
  11. Lim KG
    Med J Malaysia, 2009 Mar;64(1):91-2.
    PMID: 19852334 MyJurnal
    The Malaysian National Cancer Registry (NCR) report for the period 2003-2005 shows an incidence of stomach cancer of 2.2 for Malay, 11.3 for Chinese and 11.9 for Indian males per 100,000 population. Malay (1.3), Chinese (7.2) and Indian (7.2) women have rates lower than men. Malays in Peninsular Malaysia have five times less stomach cancer than Chinese and Indians. This racial difference is more marked than that noted in the Singapore cancer registry. Regional data from Kelantan has an even lower rate for Malays there (1.5 for males and 0.9 for females per 100,000 population). The incidence of Helicobacter pylori infection, a known risk factor for stomach cancer, is low among Malays.
    Matched MeSH terms: Stomach Neoplasms/ethnology; Stomach Neoplasms/epidemiology*
  12. Sukumar N, Teoh CM
    Med J Malaysia, 2004 Oct;59(4):541-3.
    PMID: 15779591
    A patient diagnosed with gastrointestinal stromal tumour of the stomach underwent gastrectomy. Post-operatively, histopathology was reported as heterotopic pancreas of the stomach. Heterotopic pancreas is very rare and though most of them appear asymptomatic, surgical resection is advisable.
    Matched MeSH terms: Stomach Diseases/diagnosis; Stomach Diseases/surgery*
  13. Kandasami P, Tan WJ, Norain K
    Med J Malaysia, 2003 Dec;58(5):758-62.
    PMID: 15190664 MyJurnal
    Gastric cancer is an important cause of death among patients with malignancies in Malaysia. Survival of patients with gastric cancer is dependent on the stage at which diagnosis is made. We report our experience in dealing with gastric cancer in a major Ministry of Health Hospitals in Malaysia. A retrospective review of two hundred and fifty consecutive histologically proven gastric adenocarcinoma at Hospital Ipoh for the period January 1988 to 1998 was performed. The study confirms that gastric cancer is a disease of the elderly and has a male preponderance. It is also identifies the Chinese and Indians to be at increased risk of gastric cancer when compared to the Malays. The most striking finding in this study was the very late stage of disease at time of presentation. Eighty-two percent of the patients presented with stage IV disease and curative surgery was offered only to a 16% of them. In a substantial number of patients not even a palliative procedure was offered. Early detection is the key to improving survival in gastric cancer patients. There is an urgent need for clinicians to change their approach to the management of the disease. Patients with dyspeptic symptoms should be investigated early rather then wait for classical symptoms of gastric cancer.
    Matched MeSH terms: Stomach Neoplasms/diagnosis; Stomach Neoplasms/epidemiology*
  14. Mohamad MA, Jarmin R, Md Pauzi SH
    Malays J Pathol, 2020 Dec;42(3):455-459.
    PMID: 33361729
    Schwannomas are mesenchymal tumors that are characteristically benign and slow growing, which originate from any nerve with Schwann cell sheath. Gastrointestinal schwannomas are rare with distinct morphologic features as compared to schwannomas of soft tissue or central nervous system. A 77-year-old male patient was diagnosed with gastrointestinal stromal tumor based on radiological findings and clinical impression when he presented with worsening abdominal discomfort and pain. He underwent distal gastrectomy however histopathological examination of the tumour revealed schwannoma. This case report presents a rare case of a symptomatic gastric schwannoma, whose definitive diagnosis was established by histopathological and immunohistochemical findings postoperatively.
    Matched MeSH terms: Stomach Neoplasms/diagnosis; Stomach Neoplasms/pathology*
  15. Katz AR
    Am J Gastroenterol, 2007 Sep;102(9):2114-5.
    PMID: 17727450
    Matched MeSH terms: Stomach Neoplasms/microbiology; Stomach Neoplasms/epidemiology*
  16. Khosravi Y, Dieye Y, Poh BH, Ng CG, Loke MF, Goh KL, et al.
    ScientificWorldJournal, 2014;2014:610421.
    PMID: 25105162 DOI: 10.1155/2014/610421
    Human stomach is the only known natural habitat of Helicobacter pylori (Hp), a major bacterial pathogen that causes different gastroduodenal diseases. Despite this, the impact of Hp on the diversity and the composition of the gastric microbiota has been poorly studied. In this study, we have analyzed the culturable gastric microbiota of 215 Malaysian patients, including 131 Hp positive and 84 Hp negative individuals that were affected by different gastric diseases. Non-Hp bacteria isolated from biopsy samples were identified by matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry based biotyping and 16SrRNA sequencing. The presence of Hp did not significantly modify the diversity of the gastric microbiota. However, correlation was observed between the isolation of Streptococci and peptic ulcer disease. In addition, as a first report, Burkholderia pseudomallei was also isolated from the gastric samples of the local population. This study suggested that there may be geographical variations in the diversity of the human gastric microbiome. Geographically linked diversity in the gastric microbiome and possible interactions between Hp and other bacterial species from stomach microbiota in pathogenesis are proposed for further investigations.
    Matched MeSH terms: Stomach/metabolism*; Stomach/microbiology*; Stomach/pathology; Stomach Diseases/microbiology
  17. Isyraqiah F, Kutty MK, Durairajanayagam D, Singh HJ
    Mol Biol Rep, 2019 Dec;46(6):5967-5975.
    PMID: 31444698 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-05030-z
    Individuals who are obese are at a greater risk of developing gastric cancer. They are however also hyperleptinaemic. Chronic leptin treatment has been shown to upregulate numerous cancer-causing genes in the stomach of male Sprague-Dawley rats. It is however unclear if leptin enhances the effect of gastric carcinogens in vivo. This study was therefore done to investigate the effect of leptin on gastric carcinogenesis in rats treated with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG). Twenty-four, 6-week old male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided equally into three groups: G1 served as age-matched controls; G2 was treated with MNNG in drinking water ad libitum (200 mg L-1); G3 was given leptin and MNNG. Rats were euthanized after 40 weeks of treatment and their stomachs were removed for histopathology, microarray, and RT-qPCR analysis. Fisher's exact test and one-way ANOVA were used to analyse the data. Fifty percent of the MNNG-treated rats developed gastric hyperplasia (p stomachs of Sprague-Dawley rats and its role in gastric cancer requires further scrutiny.
    Matched MeSH terms: Stomach/pathology; Stomach Neoplasms/etiology*; Stomach Neoplasms/metabolism; Stomach Neoplasms/pathology
  18. Halim SZ, Zakaria ZA, Omar MH, Mohtarrudin N, Wahab IRA, Abdullah MNH
    BMC Complement Altern Med, 2017 Nov 09;17(1):488.
    PMID: 29121900 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1992-9
    BACKGROUND: Melastoma malabathricum L. (family Melastomaceae; MM) and Muntingia calabura L. (family Elaeocarpaceae; MC) have been separately reported to possess gastroprotective activity. In an attempt to develop a pharmaceutical product with antiulcer potential, the synergistic gastroprotective activity of methanolic extract of a mixture of MM and MC (MMMC) at various ratios was evaluated in rat models.

    METHODS: Rats were pre-treated orally with 2% Tween 80 (vehicle), 100 mg/kg ranitidine (reference drug) or MMMC (ratios of 1:1, 1:3 and 3:1 (v/v); doses of 15, 150 or 300 mg/kg) and then subjected to the ethanol-induced gastric ulcer or pyloric ligation assays. Stomach of rats from the former assay was collected and subjected to the macroscopic and microscopic observations, and enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant studies while the gastric juice content and tissue from the latter assay were subjected to the antisecretory activity study. The UHPLC analysis of MMMC was also performed.

    RESULT: MMMC, in the ratio 1:1, demonstrated the most effective (P 

    Matched MeSH terms: Stomach/drug effects*; Stomach/pathology; Stomach/chemistry; Stomach Ulcer/pathology
  19. Lee BC, Jasmi AY
    Med J Malaysia, 2003 Aug;58(3):440-2.
    PMID: 14750387
    Double pylorus (DP) or duplication of the pylorus is an uncommon condition that is either congenital or acquired. Acquired double pylorus (DP) results from a peptic ulcer eroding through and creating a fistula between the duodenal bulb and the distal stomach. We report a case of an acquired double pylorus in an adult gentleman that resulted from the erosion of a duodenal and prepyloric ulcer.
    Matched MeSH terms: Stomach Ulcer/pathology*
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