Browse publications by year: 2025

  1. Che S, Ismail NH, Wang W, Awang RA
    Medicine (Baltimore), 2025 Mar 14;104(11):e41922.
    PMID: 40101046 DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000041922
    RATIONALE: This case series explores dynamic navigation systems (DNS) in transmandibular nerve canal implantation for patients with limited jaw space due to the proximity of the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN). The aim is to demonstrate how DNS improves implant placement precision and safety in cases where traditional methods face challenges.

    PATIENT CONCERNS: The patients had limited bone height and proximity to the IAN, making traditional implant techniques challenging. Concerns included the risk of nerve damage and difficulties in achieving optimal implant placement due to anatomical constraints.

    DIAGNOSES: Both patients had severe bone resorption and insufficient bone height in the posterior mandible, with concerns about IAN positioning. The first patient had grade III mobility in tooth #46 with a periapical infection, while the second had bilateral posterior mandibular pain and grade III mobility in tooth #47.

    INTERVENTIONS: Implants were placed using DNS, allowing precise planning and real-time guidance during surgery. Based on cone beam computed tomography, preoperative planning assessed bone height and IAN proximity. DNS ensured accurate implant placement, avoiding nerve interference, while bone grafts and growth factors were applied for healing.

    OUTCOMES: Both cases showed successful implant placement without complications like nerve damage or implant misplacement. Follow-up cone beam computed tomography scans confirmed well-positioned implants, with minimal bone resorption in the first case over 2 years and stable conditions in the second case after 6 months.

    LESSONS: This series highlights DNS's effectiveness in improving implant accuracy and reducing nerve injury risks, suggesting its value in complex dental implant surgeries.

    MeSH terms: Adult; Dental Implantation, Endosseous/methods; Female; Humans; Male; Mandible/surgery; Middle Aged; Surgery, Computer-Assisted/methods
  2. Saleh A, Zulkifley MA
    J Environ Manage, 2025 Mar 17;380:124987.
    PMID: 40101479 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.124987
    Suspended sediment load (SSL) refers to sediment particles, such as silt and clay, that are suspended in water. It plays a critical role in hydrology and water quality management, influencing factors such as water quality, river erosion, sedimentation rates, dam operations, and aquatic ecosystems. Therefore, accurate prediction and monitoring of SSL is crucial for efficient water resources and environmental management. The study aims to enhance SSL prediction performance by integrating Extreme Learning Machines (ELM) with metaheuristic optimizations. The selected metaheuristic optimizations, namely Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Henry Gas Solubility Optimization (HGSO), Electromagnetic Field Optimization (EFO), and Nuclear Reaction Optimization (NRO), are systematically employed in ELM models for predicting SSL in Sungai Semenyih, Selangor, for a period from 2015 to 2018. The results show that the ELM-HGSO model slightly better performs than the other optimized models, achieving a Willmott Index (WI) of 0.9986, a Confidence Index (CI) of 0.996, a Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) of 0.058, a Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) of 0.994, and a Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 4.082. The ELM-HGSO model improves NSE by approximately 10 % compared to the standalone ELM model. The Taylor diagram further confirms that ELM-HGSO best fits the observed data for both training and test datasets. This study concludes that ELM-HGSO is the most suitable model for SSL prediction in the study area. The findings are expected to advance SSL prediction research, contributing to improved water management and sustainable infrastructure development.
  3. Anas MA, Aprianto MA, Sapan Y, Almira FN, Aldis RE, Atapattu NSBM, et al.
    Poult Sci, 2025 Jan 20;104(4):104831.
    PMID: 40101509 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2025.104831
    Feeding low crude protein (LCP) diets supplemented with crystalline amino acids improves environmental and welfare parameters of broilers. However, increased body fat contents in broilers fed LCP diets have become a concern. Black soldier fly larvae oil (BSFLO), rich in lauric acid, has been reported to inhibit lipogenesis and reduce body fat. A 3 × 2 factorial experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of BSFLO on performance, blood biochemistry, carcass quality, fat metabolism gene expression, and litter quality in broilers fed protein-reduced diets. A total of 288 broilers were divided into 6 treatments: three CP levels (200, 185, or 170 g/kg; high [HCP], medium [MCP], or low [LCP]) and two oil sources (BSFLO and Crude Palm Oil [CPO]), with 6 replicate pens of 8 birds each. Results showed a 15 g/kg CP reduction had no effect on body weight and feed intake (P > 0.05) but increased FCR (P = 0.001). A 30 g/kg CP significantly reduced the body weight and feed intake with inferior FCR (P < 0.05). However, negative effect of low CP diets on FCR was mitigated by BSFLO (P = 0.008). Reducing CP by 30 g/kg increased fat pads (P = 0.033), whereas BSFLO reduced fat pads (P = 0.049) at all three CP levels. Protein-reduced diets increased blood cholesterol (P = 0.002), HDL (P < 0.001), and LDL (P = 0.002). BSFLO decreased blood triglyceride (P = 0.026) and cholesterol (P < 0.001). Reducing 30 g/kg CP increased meat cooking loss (P = 0.035), while BSFLO decreased cooking loss (P < 0.001). BSFLO increased meat protein (P < 0.001) and decreased cholesterol (P = 0.003). The inclusion of BSFLO in protein-reduced diet down-regulated the gene expression of FAS, ACC, SREBP-1, and HMGR in broilers (P < 0.001). Reducing CP levels decreased litter pH (P = 0.011), nitrogen (P < 0.001), ammonia (P < 0.001) and moisture (P = 0.018). The study concludes that BSFLO reduced body fat by down-regulating the lipogenesis gene expression. In addition, BSFLO enhanced feed efficiency in broilers fed protein-reduced diet.
  4. Wang Y, Arshad MZ, Arshad D
    Acta Psychol (Amst), 2025 Mar 17;255:104921.
    PMID: 40101571 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2025.104921
    This research aims to investigate the antecedents of employee eco-initiatives toconcerning public service motivation, green work climate, employee environmental concern and supervisor environmental priority in Malaysia's healthcare sector. Based on the structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis with the help of SMART-PLS, it was found that public service motivation positively influences eco-initiatives in a direct and indirect manner through green work climate and employee environmental concern. The results stress the role of intrinsic motivation and organizational culture in changing people's behaviors sustainably. Healthcare organizations should encourage public service motivation, develop a supportive green work climate, and integrate environmental leadership to support sustainability. This research advances the field by proposing a holistic framework that captures both the organizational and personal antecedents of eco-initiatives in an environment where service demands are high.
  5. Sabri NAA, Razak MR, Aris AZ
    Mar Pollut Bull, 2025 May;214:117822.
    PMID: 40101603 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.117822
    Microplastics (MPs) pose a major environmental challenge owing to their persistence and interactions with emerging contaminants (ECs). Their co-occurrence raises concerns about combined effects on aquatic ecosystems. MPs transport hydrophobic pollutants, affecting water quality. Studies show MPs can adsorb ECs at concentrations up to 106 times higher than their natural levels, increasing bioavailability. MPs and ECs accumulate in aquatic organisms, with evidence of trophic transfer. Their combined toxicity is often greater than their individual effects, causing physiological stress, reduced survival rates and microbial alterations, including enhanced antibiotic resistance. Beyond aquatic ecosystems, MPs and ECs pose risks to human health via bioaccumulation in the food chain. This review analyzes the mechanisms of interactions between MPs and ECs, including uptake, accumulation, and toxicity in aquatic organisms. These findings highlight the need for an integrated environmental impact assessment. Finally, future research directions are proposed, emphasizing key parameters to advance understanding in this field.
    MeSH terms: Animals; Environmental Monitoring*; Food Chain
  6. Vo DNK, Ho HPT, Wu LS, Chen YY, Trinh HTV, Lin TY, et al.
    Int J Biol Macromol, 2025 Mar 16;307(Pt 3):142179.
    PMID: 40101816 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.142179
    Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) are members of the Herpesviridae family and cause various human malignancies and acute infections. Despite their clinical significance, effective treatments remain limited. Here, we report the broad-spectrum antiviral activity of Ganoderma microsporum immunomodulatory protein (GMI), a safe dietary ingredient known for its immunomodulatory, anti-tumor, and antiviral properties. GMI effectively blocks EBV infection in epithelial cells in a dose-dependent manner by targeting both viral and host cells. Notably, GMI displays antiviral activity across multiple EBV strains in epithelial cell infection and represses EBV infection in primary B cells. Mechanistically, GMI interacts with the EBV fusion glycoprotein gB and the host epithelial receptor EphA2 to disrupt viral fusion. Given the structural conservation of gB among herpesviruses, GMI was tested against HSV-1. Remarkably, GMI effectively blocks HSV-1 infection by targeting viral binding and fusion, as well as interacting with HSV-1 gB. In silico modeling suggests that GMI may interact with EBV and HSV-1 gB domain I, contributing to its antiviral activity. Our findings provide the first evidence that GMI suppresses both EBV and HSV-1 infections by targeting the conserved gB-mediated fusion process, suggesting its potential as an antiviral against herpesviruses that rely on fusion-mediated entry.
  7. Sao Su S, Chan CM, Bylstra Y, Tan TE, Kam S, Tang RWC, et al.
    Ophthalmic Genet, 2025 Mar 18.
    PMID: 40101946 DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2025.2473961
    PURPOSE: To analyze the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of inherited retinal degeneration (IRD) patients of Malay and Indian ethnicity from Singapore and Malaysia.

    METHODS: Ethnic Malay and Indian IRD patients were consecutively enrolled from retina clinics in Singapore and Malaysia. Phenotypic and genetic data were reviewed.

    RESULTS: A total of 100 unrelated individuals (Malay: n = 46, Indian: n = 54) were enrolled. Sixteen distinct IRD phenotypes were identified, with nonsyndromic retinitis pigmentosa (RP) comprising 46% of all cases. Stargardt disease and cone-rod dystrophy accounted for 20% and 11% of cases, respectively. Exome sequencing yielded genotypes in 64.3% of Malay and 68.9% of Indian cases. Variants in ABCA4 were the most common cause of IRD overall. Recurrent variants were identified in ABCA4, GUCY2D, PRPH2, and TULP1 for Malays, and in ABCA4 and MFSD8 (CLN7) for Indians. Homozygosity was more frequent among Indians than Malays (58.1% vs. 19.2%; p = 0.003).

    CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated diverse phenotypic and genotypic outcomes in Malay and Indian populations of Singapore and Malaysia, with distinct differences between them. Homozygosity was common among ethnic Indian IRD cases, explaining phenotypic diversity. These findings inform the identification of regionally relevant IRDs for developing targeted therapies in Malay and Indian patients from Southeast Asia.

  8. Daoulah A, Seraj S, Elmahrouk A, Yousif N, Panduranga P, Almahmeed W, et al.
    Shock, 2025 Mar 03.
    PMID: 40101947 DOI: 10.1097/SHK.0000000000002583
    BACKGROUND: Cardiogenic shock (CS) secondary to acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a major cause of in-hospital mortality. With the addition of right ventricular dysfunction (RVD), it is associated with poorer outcomes. This study examines the impact of RVD on mortality in CS-AMI patients, highlighting the importance of early RVD identification and tailored management.

    METHODS: Data from the Gulf Cardiogenic Shock (Gulf-CS) registry-a multicenter registry of CS-AMI patients from six Gulf countries-were analyzed to compare in-hospital and long-term outcomes for patients with and without RVD. RVD was defined by echocardiographic criteria: TAPSE <17 mm, S' wave <12 cm/s, and TAPSE/PASP ratio < 0.34. Multivariable logistic and Cox regression models were used to identify in-hospital and follow-up mortality predictors.

    RESULTS: Among 1,513 CS-AMI patients, RVD was independently associated with higher in-hospital mortality (55.87% vs. 42.89%, p < 0.001) and lower survival at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months (58%, 35%, 18%, and 6% vs. 73%, 53%, 38%, and 30%; p < 0.001). Predictors of in-hospital mortality included advanced SCAI shock stage, cardiac arrest, age, NSTEMI, number of vessels affected, and elevated creatinine, while follow-up mortality was associated with advanced SCAI stage, reduced LVEF, elevated BUN, history of CABG and comorbidities including COPD and prior CVA.

    CONCLUSION: RVD is a significant independent predictor of both in-hospital and long-term mortality in CS-AMI, highlighting the need for early RVD assessment and specific interventions. This study's findings support the integration of RV-focused management strategies to improve survival outcomes in this high-risk population.

  9. Aljarousha M, Alghamdi WM, Che Azemin MZ, Mahmud M
    PMID: 40102140 DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2025.102403
    PURPOSE: To investigate the status of ocular surface symptoms and their relationship to stress levels among the Gazan population during the 2023 Israel-Hamas War.

    METHODS: This cross-sectional study involved stratified sampling of participants from the four Gaza districts in Palestine. Individuals aged 18 years or older completed the Arab Ocular Surface Disease Index (Arab-OSDI) questionnaire and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) to assess stress levels.

    RESULTS: A total of 426 participants (238 males and 188 females) completed the Arabic versions of the OSDI and PSS-10 questionnaires. The mean Arab-OSDI score was 21, with 40.6 % of participants scoring ≥23, the threshold for moderate to severe DED symptoms. Participants with moderate or high perceived stress levels had significantly higher mean Arab-OSDI scores than individuals with low stress levels (p = 0.029). Logistic regression analysis identified age over 50 years, and the high PSS as significant factors associated with Arab-OSDI scores ≥13 (p 

  10. Sun Y, Sommer W, Sun Q, Cao X
    Atten Percept Psychophys, 2025 Apr;87(3):922-935.
    PMID: 40102329 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-025-03042-5
    Whether inverted faces are processed locally or involve holistic processing has been debated for several years. This study conducted two experiments to explore the extent of holistic processing of inverted faces. Experiment 1 adopted a face-congruency paradigm that orthogonally manipulated stimulus congruency and orientation. Experiment 2 employed the complete congruency paradigm to test whether misalignment effects of inverted faces are related to holistic processing. The results of both experiments consistently demonstrated that inverted faces are processed not only locally but also holistically, and that misalignment disrupts the holistic processing of inverted faces. Subsequently computational modeling showed that in the congruent condition, the contributions of holistic and local information in inverted face processing performance were 24% and 76%, respectively, whereas in the incongruent condition, they were 10% and 90%, respectively. Together, the present study reveals that also inverted faces are processed holistically, albeit to a lower degree than upright faces.
    MeSH terms: Facial Recognition*; Adult; Attention*; Computer Simulation*; Female; Humans; Male; Orientation*; Pattern Recognition, Visual*; Reaction Time; Young Adult
  11. Chan M, Ogawa S
    Mol Neurobiol, 2025 Mar 18.
    PMID: 40102345 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-025-04828-2
    GPR139 is an orphan G-protein-coupled receptor that is predominantly expressed in several midbrain regions, e.g., the habenula, striatum, and hypothalamus. GPR139 gene is highly conserved across vertebrate phylogenetic taxa, suggesting its fundamental importance in neurophysiology. Evidence from both animal studies and human genetic association studies has demonstrated that dysregulation of GPR139 expression and function is linked to aberrant behaviors, cognitive deficits, alterations in sleep and alertness, and substance abuse and withdrawal. Animal knockout models suggest that GPR139 plays an anti-opioid role by modulating the signaling activity of the μ-opioid receptor (MOR), as well as the intensity of withdrawal symptoms and nociception in behavioral paradigms. Modulation of GPR139 activity by surrogate agonists such as TAK-041 and JNJ-63533054 has shown promising results in experimental models; however, the use of TAK-041 in clinical trials has produced heterogeneous effects and has not met the intended primary endpoint. Here, we highlight current in vitro and in vivo studies of GPR139, its potential physiological roles, and therapeutic potential in the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric and behavioral disorders. This review aims to focus on the current knowledge gaps to facilitate future studies that will contribute to the understanding of GPR139 as a therapeutic target for neuropsychiatric and behavioral disorders.
  12. Ur Rahman J, Hanif M, Ur Rehman O, Haider U, Mian Qaisar S, Pławiak P
    Sci Rep, 2025 Mar 18;15(1):9238.
    PMID: 40102464 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-93560-x
    Detection of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is critical for successful diagnosis and treatment, involving the common practice of screening for Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). However, the progressive nature of AD makes it challenging to identify its causal factors. Modern diagnostic workflows for AD use cognitive tests, neurological examinations, and biomarker-based methods, e.g., cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis and positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. While these methods are effective, non-invasive imaging techniques like Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) are gaining importance. Deep Learning (DL) approaches for evaluating alterations in brain structure have focused on combining MRI and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) within the spatial architecture of DL. This combination has garnered significant research interest due to its remarkable effectiveness in automating feature extraction across various multilayer perceptron models. Despite this, MRI's noisy and multidimensional nature requires an intelligent preprocessing pipeline for effective disease prediction. Our study aims to detect different stages of AD from the multidimensional neuroimaging data obtained through MRI scans using 2D and 3D CNN architectures. The proposed preprocessing pipeline comprises skull stripping, spatial normalization, and smoothing. It is followed by a novel and efficient pixel count-based frame selection and cropping approach, which renders a notable dimension reduction. Furthermore, the learnable resizer method is applied to enhance the image quality while resizing the data. Finally, the proposed shallow 2D and 3D CNN architectures extract spatio-temporal attributes from the segmented MRI data. Furthermore, we merged both the CNNs for further comparative analysis. Notably, 2D CNN achieved a maximum accuracy of 93%, while 3D CNN reported the highest accuracy of 96.5%.
    MeSH terms: Aged; Brain/pathology; Female; Humans; Male; Neural Networks (Computer)*; Positron-Emission Tomography/methods
  13. Mu B, Wang Y, Liu X, Bebit MP, Chen M, Wu H, et al.
    Sci Rep, 2025 Mar 18;15(1):9265.
    PMID: 40102524 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-93911-8
    In traditional infusion processes, issues such as untimely medication replacement and patients' difficulty in continuously monitoring their medication levels are prevalent. This study presents the design of a smart infusion automatic medication replacement device aimed at automating infusion management through three key modules: high-precision liquid level monitoring, automated medication replacement, and a smart control system. By monitoring liquid levels in real time, the system eliminates the need for patients to constantly check their medication levels, accurately controlling the amount of medication dispensed and transmitting monitoring signals within safe thresholds. The rotational medication replacement mechanism stores and precisely replaces medicine bottles, optimizing usage and minimizing waste. Automated settings for liquid level monitoring and the plug-and-push system replace the need for manual assessment of medication completion and input quality, ensuring consistent dosage and high-quality delivery. The rotational mechanism also reduces the time needed for refilling and decreases the labor intensity for healthcare providers. A stabilization and calibration mechanism ensures bottles remain centered, preventing issues with internal pressure changes and loosening of the piercing tool. By replacing repetitive manual adjustments with automated processes, healthcare professionals can focus more on patient care rather than the cumbersome medication replacement procedures. The smart infusion automatic medication replacement device enhances the quality of infusion therapy for patients and alleviates the repetitive workload of medical staff.
    MeSH terms: Equipment Design; Humans; Infusion Pumps; Infusions, Intravenous/instrumentation; Workload*; Patient Safety*
  14. Ma X, Niu X, Qin H, Ren D, Lei S, Tang K
    Sci Rep, 2025 Mar 18;15(1):9343.
    PMID: 40102532 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-89324-2
    Water ecological civilization construction (WECC) is regarded as the core and cornerstone of ecological civilization construction. However, a lot of uncertainty is involved in assessing the WECC level, which presents serious and intricate difficulties for the related multiple- attribute decision-making (MADM) processes. The interval-valued hesitant Fermatean fuzzy set (IVHFFS) is a powerful tool for handling uncertainty in MADM issues. However, in the existing MADM approaches, attribute weight calculation involves high data redundancy and low computational efficiency. The existing aggregation operators ignore the importance of the attributes and their ordered positions. In order to solve these problems, in this paper, we propose a novel MADM model using interval-valued hesitant Fermatean fuzzy (IVHFF) Hamacher aggregation operator (AO) and statistical variance (SV) weight calculation. Firstly, the SV weight calculation method is given under IVHFFSs, aiming to computing objective weights of attributes. This greatly reduces data redundancy and improves the computational complexity. Secondly, we propose some IVHFF Hamacher AOs, such as IVHFF Hamacher (ordered) weighted averaging operator, IVHFF Hamacher (ordered) weighted geometric operator, IVHFF Hamacher hybrid averaging operator and geometric operator which consider the significance of the attributes and their ordered positions. Thirdly, a new MADM model based on the above information AOs and SV weight calculation is proposed. Finally, a comparative study on the real-world application for WECC and randomly generated data sets is also carried out to further demonstrate that our method outperforms the existing methods.
  15. Wang T, Hamat B, Zhang L, Zhao Y, Pang LLL
    Sci Rep, 2025 Mar 18;15(1):9236.
    PMID: 40102535 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-93860-2
    This study aims to explore the application of Zen aesthetics in contemporary furniture design within a sustainable context through rational data analysis, providing innovative insights and a reference framework for modern furniture design. First, grounded theory was employed to collect and evaluate design principles and elements through expert interviews, leading to the establishment of a hierarchical model. Next, the analytic hierarchy process was used to analyze and prioritize the elements of cultural and creative product design by calculating their weights. Finally, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was applied for scheme selection and optimization. This study utilized Zen aesthetic-style tea table as a case study, the design was analyzed from the perspectives of aesthetic, functionality, emotionality and safety. The design scheme was optimized by incorporating Zen aesthetic principles, achieving an organic integration of Zen cultural elements with modern furniture design. The feasibility of this approach was validated through the design of a tea table. This comprehensive method addresses the gap in applying Zen aesthetics to modern furniture design, providing a scientific and systematic tool for the design and evaluation of contemporary furniture.
  16. Jeon H, Yu SY, Chertkova O, Yun H, Ng YL, Lim YY, et al.
    BMC Med Inform Decis Mak, 2025 Mar 18;25(1):137.
    PMID: 40102785 DOI: 10.1186/s12911-025-02929-5
    BACKGROUND: In this era of active online communication, patients increasingly share their healthcare experiences, concerns, and needs across digital platforms. Leveraging these vast repositories of real-world information, Digital Listening enables the systematic collection and analysis of patient voices through advanced technologies. Semantic-NLP artificial intelligence, with its ability to process and extract meaningful insights from large volumes of unstructured online data, represents a novel approach for understanding patient perspectives. This study aimed to demonstrate the utility of Semantic-NLP technology in presenting the needs and concerns of patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in Korea and Taiwan.

    METHODS: Data were collected and analysed over three months from January 2023 using an ontology-based information extraction system (Semantic Hub). The system identified patient "stories" and extracted themes from online posts from January 2013 to March 2023, focusing on Korea and Taiwan by filtering the geographic location of users, the language used, and the local online platforms. Extracted texts were structured into knowledge graphs and analysed descriptively.

    RESULTS: The patient voice was identified in 133,857 messages (9,620 patients) from the Naver online platform in Korea and included internet chat forums focused on macular degeneration. The most important factors for AMD treatments were effectiveness (1,632/3,401 mentions; 48%), price and access to insurance (33%), tolerability (10%) and doctor and clinic recommendations (9%). Treatment burden associated with intravitreal injection of vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors related to tolerability (254/942 mentions; 27%), financial burden (20%), hospital selection (18%) and emotional burden (14%). In Taiwan, 444 messages were identified from Facebook, YouTube and Instagram. The success of treatment was judged by improvements in visual acuity (20/121 mentions; 16.5%), effect on oedema (10.7%), less distortion (9.1%) and inhibition of angiogenesis (5.8%). Tolerability concerns were rarely mentioned (26/440 mentions; 5.9%).

    CONCLUSIONS: Digital Listening using Semantic-NLP can provide real-world insights from large amounts of internet data quickly and with low human labour cost. This allows healthcare companies to respond to the unmet needs of patients for effective and safe treatment and improved patient quality of life throughout the product lifecycle.

    MeSH terms: Artificial Intelligence*; Humans; Natural Language Processing*; Semantics; Taiwan; Republic of Korea
  17. Yarayan YE, Batrakoulis A, Güngör NB, Kurtipek S, Keskin K, Çelik OB, et al.
    BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil, 2025 Mar 18;17(1):53.
    PMID: 40102997 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-025-01090-w
    BACKGROUND: This study examines the determinant role of athletic mental energy on the flow state in professional football (soccer) players. This research fills an important gap in the sports psychology literature by focusing on the interaction between mental energy and flow, a critical component of optimal performance.

    METHODS: Accordingly, 254 male athletes (Mean age = 23.1 ± 5.4 years) voluntarily participated in the study. This study was designed with the relational survey model, one of the quantitative research models. Athletic Mental Energy Scale and Dispositional Flow State Scale-2 were used as data collection tools. After confirming the validity and reliability of the scales, the data were analyzed. In this study, blank data were first evaluated to check the suitability of the analysis and assumptions. After the structure of the scales was verified, firstly, when the skewness kurtosis values for the normality test were examined, it was deter-mined that the data were suitable for normal distribution as the values were between - 1.5 and + 1.5 and the Q-Q graph did not show deviations from the distribution. In this context, Pearson Correlation Analysis was used to determine the relationship between athletic mental energy and flow state, and structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis was used to determine the determinant role of mental energy. Mental energy significantly predicted the flow state (β = 0.81, p 

  18. Wang X, Abu Bakar MH, Kassim MA, Shariff KA, Wang J, Xu M
    Diabetol Metab Syndr, 2025 Mar 18;17(1):89.
    PMID: 40103004 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-025-01665-0
    BACKGROUND: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is influenced by dysregulated adipokines, which play a key role in inflammation, immune responses, and lipid metabolism. However, the precise molecular mechanisms linking adipokine dysregulation, immune cell infiltration, and metabolic reprogramming in DN remain poorly understood. Celastrol, a bioactive lipid regulator, has been shown to mitigate renal immune-inflammatory damage by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway. Yet, its specific impact on adipokine-mediated immune responses and lipid metabolism in DN is unclear. This study aims to elucidate the interplay between adipokine-mediated target genes in DN and investigate how celastrol modulates these interactions.

    METHODS: Gene expression profiles of DN patients were obtained from GEO datasets (GSE30122 and GSE30528) and analyzed for differentially expressed genes (DEGs) using the limma package. Gene set variation analysis (GSVA) was conducted to assess lipid metabolism pathways, while Mendelian randomization (MR) and Pearson correlation evaluated the association between DEGs and adipokines. Immune cell infiltration was analyzed using the IOBR R package (MCP-counter and xCell methods), followed by MR analysis of DN-related immune responses. Celastrol target genes were identified using the SEA database.

    RESULTS: A total of 70 intersecting DEGs were identified. GSVA revealed that brown and beige adipocyte differentiation pathways were downregulated, while adipocyte-related pathways were upregulated in DN (p 

  19. Belhaj Salem S, Idrissi FEE, Fikry Mohamed A, Khrais H, Jad RE, Haq UU, et al.
    Brain Behav, 2025 Mar;15(3):e70417.
    PMID: 40103217 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.70417
    BACKGROUND: Eating disorders (EDs) are a group of mental diseases marked by disrupted eating behaviors, and are associated with several factors. Medical students are highly exposed to this mental disorder with a prevalence of 17.35% in 2022.

    OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the risk of EDs and its associated factors among medical students in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region.

    METHODS: A web-based cross-sectional study was conducted among medical students in the MENA region during the months of June and July 2024. The primary data collection instrument was a comprehensive questionnaire that contained the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) and sociodemographic and clinical features and designed using Google Forms and distributed via social media platforms.

    RESULTS: The total number of participants was 5061. The mean age in our population was 22.58 ± 3.27. Our population's average EAT-26 score was 13.87 ± 10.7, with ranges varying from 0 to 72. Based on their EAT-26 scores being 20 or above, 1254 people (24.8%) were deemed to be at risk of EDs. Among the participants, 8% were underweight. The multivariable logistic regression model revealed several eating disorder risk factors such as T1DM, schizophrenia, autism, female gender, IBD, and daily exposure to thin body ideal. Regular sports practice and weight satisfaction were protective factors.

    CONCLUSION: There exists a higher prevalence of individuals at risk for the development of EDs in the MENA region especially females, students with comorbidities, and those having conflictual relationships with their parents. Regular sports practice and weight satisfaction are protective factors.

    MeSH terms: Adolescent; Adult; Africa, Northern/epidemiology; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Male; Middle East/epidemiology; Surveys and Questionnaires; Risk Factors; Prevalence; Young Adult
  20. Zulkeflee HA, Zulkefli NA, Mohammad Khuzaini A
    PMID: 40103299 DOI: 10.1177/19345798251327371
    Diazoxide is commonly used to treat neonatal hypoglycaemia when first-line treatment fails by inhibiting insulin secretion. We present a case of a full-term female infant with refractory hypoglycaemia who developed elevated liver enzymes and worsening jaundice following diazoxide administration. After discontinuation of diazoxide, her liver enzyme levels rapidly improved. Although liver impairment has not been commonly reported as a side effect of diazoxide, previous reports, such as one by Tas et al. in 2015, have documented similar findings in patients with hypoalbuminemia, where altered drug metabolism may play a role. Diazoxide undergoes metabolism in the liver, raising the possibility that preexisting liver impairment could affect its clearance and potentially exacerbate hepatic dysfunction. These observations suggest that careful consideration is required when using diazoxide in neonates with compromised liver function. Further studies are needed to explore the mechanisms that may contribute to this association and to establish guidelines for its use in this vulnerable population. This case challenges the conventional understanding of diazoxide as a safe intervention for neonatal hypoglycaemia. Additional research is required to elucidate the mechanisms leading to hepatotoxicity and to establish clear guidelines for the use of diazoxide in this vulnerable population.
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