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A multinational study on the factors influencing university students' attitudes and usage of ChatGPT

Abdaljaleel M 1 , Barakat M 2 , Alsanafi M 3 , Salim NA 4 , Abazid H 2 , Malaeb D 5 Show all authors , Mohammed AH 6 , Hassan BAR 7 , Wayyes AM 7 , Farhan SS 8 , Khatib SE 9 , Rahal M 10 , Sahban A 11 , Abdelaziz DH 12 , Mansour NO 13 , AlZayer R 14 , Khalil R 1 , Fekih-Romdhane F 15 , Hallit R 16 , Hallit S 16 , Sallam M 17

Affiliations 

  • 1 Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan
  • 2 Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman, 11931, Jordan
  • 3 Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
  • 4 Prosthodontic Department, School of Dentistry, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan
  • 5 College of Pharmacy, Gulf Medical University, P.O. Box 4184, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
  • 6 School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
  • 7 Department of Pharmacy, Al Rafidain University College, Baghdad, 10001, Iraq
  • 8 Department of Anesthesia, Al Rafidain University College, Baghdad, 10001, Iraq
  • 9 Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese International University, Bekaa, Lebanon
  • 10 School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut, 961, Lebanon
  • 11 School of Dentistry, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan
  • 12 Pharmacy Practice and Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, 11835, Egypt
  • 13 Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
  • 14 Clinical Pharmacy Practice, Department of Pharmacy, Mohammed Al-Mana College for Medical Sciences, 34222, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
  • 15 The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention in Psychosis, Department of Psychiatry "Ibn Omrane", Razi Hospital, 2010, Manouba, Tunisia
  • 16 School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon
  • 17 Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan. malik.sallam@ju.edu.jo
Sci Rep, 2024 Jan 23;14(1):1983.
PMID: 38263214 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52549-8

Abstract

Artificial intelligence models, like ChatGPT, have the potential to revolutionize higher education when implemented properly. This study aimed to investigate the factors influencing university students' attitudes and usage of ChatGPT in Arab countries. The survey instrument "TAME-ChatGPT" was administered to 2240 participants from Iraq, Kuwait, Egypt, Lebanon, and Jordan. Of those, 46.8% heard of ChatGPT, and 52.6% used it before the study. The results indicated that a positive attitude and usage of ChatGPT were determined by factors like ease of use, positive attitude towards technology, social influence, perceived usefulness, behavioral/cognitive influences, low perceived risks, and low anxiety. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated the adequacy of the "TAME-ChatGPT" constructs. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that the attitude towards ChatGPT usage was significantly influenced by country of residence, age, university type, and recent academic performance. This study validated "TAME-ChatGPT" as a useful tool for assessing ChatGPT adoption among university students. The successful integration of ChatGPT in higher education relies on the perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, positive attitude towards technology, social influence, behavioral/cognitive elements, low anxiety, and minimal perceived risks. Policies for ChatGPT adoption in higher education should be tailored to individual contexts, considering the variations in student attitudes observed in this study.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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