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Neck circumference and its association with cardiometabolic risk factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Ataie-Jafari A 1 , Namazi N 2 , Djalalinia S 3 , Chaghamirzayi P 4 , Abdar ME 5 , Zadehe SS 1 Show all authors , Asayesh H 6 , Zarei M 7 , Gorabi AM 8 , Mansourian M 9 , Qorbani M 5

Affiliations 

  • 1 1Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
  • 2 2Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  • 3 3Development of Research & Technology Center, Deputy of Research and Technology, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
  • 4 5Student Research Committee, Alborz University of Medical Science, Karaj, Iran
  • 5 6Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
  • 6 7Department of Medical Emergencies, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
  • 7 8Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
  • 8 9Department of Basic and Clinical Research, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  • 9 10Health Management and Economics Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Diabetol Metab Syndr, 2018;10:72.
PMID: 30288175 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-018-0373-y

Abstract

Background: Recently, neck circumference (NC) has been used to predict the risk of cardiometabolic factors. This study aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine: (i) the sensitivity (SE) and specificity (SP) of NC to predict cardiometabolic risk factors and (ii) the association between NC and the risk of cardiometabolic parameters.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted through PubMed/Medline, Institute of Scientific Information, and Scopus, until 2017 based on the search terms of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and cardio metabolic risk factors. Random-effect model was used to perform a meta-analysis and estimate the pooled SE, SP and correlation coefficient (CC).

Results: A total of 41 full texts were selected for systematic review. The pooled SE of greater NC to predict MetS was 65% (95% CI 58, 72) and 77% (95% CI 55, 99) in adult and children, respectively. Additionally, the pooled SP was 66% (95% CI 60, 72) and 66% (95% CI 48, 84) in adult and children, respectively. According to the results of meta-analysis in adults, NC had a positive and significant correlation with fasting blood sugar (FBS) (CC: 0.16, 95% CI 0.13, 0.20), HOMA-IR (0.38, 95% CI 0.25, 0.50), total cholesterol (TC) (0.07 95% CI 0.02, 0.12), triglyceride (TG) concentrations (0.23, 95% CI 0.19, 0.28) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (0.14, 95% CI 0.07, 0.22). Among children, NC was positively associated with FBS (CC: 0.12, 95% CI 0.07, 0.16), TG (CC: 0.21, 95% CI 0.17, 0.25), and TC concentrations (CC: 0.07, 95% CI 0.02, 0.12). However, it was not significant for LDL-C.

Conclusion: NC has a good predictive value to identify some cardiometabolic risk factors. There was a positive association between high NC and most cardiometabolic risk factors. However due to high heterogeneity, findings should be declared with caution.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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