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  1. Fulltext Bruton's agammaglobulinaemia in a child presenting with cryptococcal empyema thoracis and periauricular pyogenic abscess
    Wahab JA, Hanifah MJ, Choo KE
    Singapore Med J, 1995 Dec;36(6):686-9.
    PMID: 8781652
    We describe here a case of cryptococcal empyema thoracis and periauricular pyogenic abscess in a child with Bruton's agammaglobulinaemia. The cryptococcal empyema thoracis was treated with intravenous amphotericin B and intravenous fluconazole for six weeks followed by oral fluconazole. The pyogenic periauricular abscess was surgically drained and treated with intravenous ceftazidime and cloxacillin for two weeks. He also received monthly intravenous immunoglobulin.
    Matched MeSH terms: Ceftazidime/administration & dosage
  2. A fatal case of primary melioidotic prostatic abscess: the peril of poor drug compliance
    Wahab AA, Norliyana N, Ding CH, Nurzam SCH, Salbiah N, Rao KR
    Trop Biomed, 2020 Sep 01;37(3):560-565.
    PMID: 33612771 DOI: 10.47665/tb.37.3.560
    Primary prostatic melioidosis is a rare presentation of melioidosis even in melioidosis endemic areas. We report a case of a 58-year-old man with underlying diabetes mellitus who presented with a 5-day history of high-grade fever associated with lower urinary tract symptoms. Suprapubic tenderness and tender prostatomegaly were noted on examination. An abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan confirmed the presence of a prostatic abscess. Both blood and prostatic pus cultures grew Burkholderia pseudomallei. He was initially started on intravenous ceftazidime, followed by an escalation to intravenous meropenem. He was discharged home with oral amoxicillin-clavulanate and doxycycline after completing 12 days of meropenem. Unfortunately, his compliance to oral antibiotic therapy was poor, and he succumbed to the disease.
    Matched MeSH terms: Ceftazidime
  3. Fulltext Corneal laceration caused by river crab
    Vinuthinee N, Azreen-Redzal A, Juanarita J, Zunaina E
    Clin Ophthalmol, 2015;9:203-6.
    PMID: 25678769 DOI: 10.2147/OPTH.S74548
    A 5-year-old boy presented with right eye pain associated with tearing and photophobia of 1-day duration. He gave a history of playing with a river crab when suddenly the crab clamped his fingers. He attempted to fling the crab off, but the crab flew and hit his right eye. Ocular examination revealed a right eye corneal ulcer with clumps of fibrin located beneath the corneal ulcer and 1.6 mm level of hypopyon. At presentation, the Seidel test was negative, with a deep anterior chamber. Culture from the corneal scrapping specimen grew Citrobacter diversus and Proteus vulgaris, and the boy was treated with topical gentamicin and ceftazidime eyedrops. Fibrin clumps beneath the corneal ulcer subsequently dislodged, and revealed a full-thickness corneal laceration wound with a positive Seidel test and shallow anterior chamber. The patient underwent emergency corneal toileting and suturing. Postoperatively, he was treated with oral ciprofloxacin 250 mg 12-hourly for 1 week, topical gentamicin, ceftazidime, and dexamethasone eyedrops for 4 weeks. Right eye vision improved to 6/9 and 6/6 with pinhole at the 2-week follow-up following corneal suture removal.
    Matched MeSH terms: Ceftazidime
  4. A 5-year retrospective study of melioidosis cases treated in a district specialist hospital
    Tang RY, Lim SH, Lam JE, Nurasykin S, Eileen T, Chan YW
    Med J Malaysia, 2019 12;74(6):472-476.
    PMID: 31929471
    INTRODUCTION: Melioidosis is caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei, a gram-negative aerobic bacillus, found in the soil and surface water. Treating melioidosis has been a challenge in district hospitals due to high usage of broad spectrum antibiotics and prolonged hospitalisation. This study is to review the patients' demography, clinical presentations and microbiological data.

    METHODS: A 5-year retrospective study was carried out on patients admitted with culture positive for melioidosis from year 2013 to 2017 in Hospital Teluk Intan, Perak.

    RESULTS: There were a total of 46 confirmed cases of melioidosis. Majority of the patients were working in the agricultural and farming (28.6%), and factories (25.7%). Thirty-one patients had diabetes mellitus (71.1%). Presentations of patients with melioidosis included pneumonia (54.3%), skin and soft tissue infection (19.6%), deep abscesses (15.2%) and bone and joint infections (13%). An average of 5.8 days was needed to confirm the diagnosis of melioidosis via positive culture. However, only 39.4% of these patients were started on ceftazidime or carbapenem as the empirical therapy. The intensive care unit (ICU) admission rate for melioidosis was 46% and the mortality rate was 52%. Our microbial cultures showed good sensitivity towards cotrimoxazole (97.1%), ceftazidime (100%) and carbapenem (100%).

    CONCLUSION: Melioidosis carries high mortality rate, especially with lung involvement and bacteremia. Physicians should have high clinical suspicion for melioidosis cases to give appropriate antimelioidosis therapy early.

    Matched MeSH terms: Ceftazidime/therapeutic use*
  5. Multiple bilateral renal abscesses in a previously healthy young patient
    Tang RY, Cheong BM
    Med J Malaysia, 2017 08;72(4):250-251.
    PMID: 28889140 MyJurnal
    The incidence of renal abscesses is not common. Patients usually have risk factors like diabetes mellitus or an underlying condition which predisposes to urinary tract infections. We report a case of a previously healthy young girl with multiple bilateral renal abscesses. Ultrasonography revealed multiple renal abscesses with a possible differential diagnosis of polycystic kidney disease with infected cysts. No renal calculi were seen. CT-scan of kidneys confirmed the diagnosis. Blood and urine cultures were repeatedly negative. She was treated with two weeks of intravenous antibiotics followed by another four weeks of oral Ciprofloxacin. No surgical intervention was carried out. Repeated ultrasound at six months showed complete resolution of all the renal abscesses.
    Matched MeSH terms: Ceftazidime/administration & dosage; Ceftazidime/therapeutic use
  6. Fulltext Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Vibrio parahaemolyticus Isolated from Short Mackerels (Rastrelliger brachysoma) in Malaysia
    Tan CW, Malcolm TTH, Kuan CH, Thung TY, Chang WS, Loo YY, et al.
    Front Microbiol, 2017;8:1087.
    PMID: 28659901 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01087
    Numerous prevalence studies and outbreaks of Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection have been extensively reported in shellfish and crustaceans. Information on the quantitative detection of V. parahaemolyticus in finfish species is limited. In this study, short mackerels (Rastrelliger brachysoma) obtained from different retail marketplaces were monitored with the presence of total and pathogenic strains of V. parahaemolyticus. Out of 130 short mackerel samples, 116 (89.2%) were detected with the presence of total V. parahaemolyticus and microbial loads of total V. parahaemolyticus ranging from <3 to >10(5) MPN/g. Prevalence of total V. parahaemolyticus was found highest in wet markets (95.2%) followed by minimarkets (89.1%) and hypermarkets (83.3%). Pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus strains (tdh+ and/or trh+) were detected in 16.2% (21 of 130) of short mackerel samples. The density of tdh+ V. parahaemolyticus strains were examined ranging from 3.6 to >10(5) MPN/g and microbial loads of V. parahaemolyticus strains positive for both tdh and trh were found ranging from 300 to 740 MPN/g. On the other hand, antibiotic susceptibility profiles of V. parahaemolyticus strains isolated from short mackerels were determined through disc diffusion method in this study. Assessment of antimicrobial susceptibility profile of V. parahaemolyticus revealed majority of the isolates were highly susceptible to ampicillin sulbactam, meropenem, ceftazidime, and imipenem, but resistant to penicillin G and ampicillin. Two isolates (2.99%) exhibited the highest multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index value of 0.41 which shown resistance to 7 antibiotics. Results of the present study demonstrated that the occurrence of pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus strains in short mackerels and multidrug resistance of V. parahaemolyticus isolates could be a potential public health concerns to the consumer. Furthermore, prevalence data attained from the current study can be further used to develop a microbial risk assessment model to estimate health risks associated with the consumption of short mackerels contaminated with pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus.
    Matched MeSH terms: Ceftazidime
  7. Assessment of polymerase chain reaction in the detection of pseudomonas aeruginosa in contact lens-induced severe infectious keratitis
    Subrayan V, Peyman M, Lek Yap S, Mohamed Ali NA, Devi S
    Eye Contact Lens, 2010 Jul;36(4):201-3.
    PMID: 20531205 DOI: 10.1097/ICL.0b013e3181e3efa3
    PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and conventional bacterial culture methods in the detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in contact lens-induced severe, partially treated corneal ulcers referred to a tertiary center.
    METHODS: The study duration was 6 months. All patients with contact lens-related corneal ulcer, requiring admission during the study period were recruited. Samples from corneal scrapings were simultaneously sent at the time of admission for PCR and culture testing. An in-house real-time PCR was developed to detect the P. aeruginosa lasA gene. The results of PCR and culture were compared using McNemar's chi2 test.
    RESULTS: Ten patients were recruited. The mean age was 33 years (20-45 years). All the patients had contact lens-related keratitis (>4 mm) of which eight (80%) were found positive for P. aeruginosa by PCR or culture. There was no significant difference between PCR and culture in detecting P. aeruginosa (P<0.05).
    CONCLUSIONS: PCR is, at least, as good as conventional cultures in detecting P. aeruginosa. It is a rapid assay as compared with culture, and early detection enables prompt treatment thus reducing the destructive effect of the organism on the cornea.
    Matched MeSH terms: Ceftazidime/administration & dosage; Ceftazidime/therapeutic use
  8. SHV-5 extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in clinical isolates of Escherichia coli in Malaysia
    Subramaniam G, Palasubramaniam S, Navaratnam P
    Indian J Med Microbiol, 2006 Jul;24(3):205-7.
    PMID: 16912441
    Escherichia coli isolates resistant to ceftazidime isolated in the University Malaya Medical Center (UMMC) Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, between the years 1998 and 2000 were studied for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production. All strains were analysed phenotypically and genotypically and found to be ESBL-producing organisms harbouring SHV-5 beta-lactamase. This was confirmed by PCR-SSCP and nucleotide sequencing of the blaSHV amplified gene. As there was no evidence of ESBL activity in E. coli prior to this, coupled with the fact that there was a predominance of SHV-5 beta-lactamases in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in UMMC, we postulate that the E. coli obtained the SHV-5 beta-lactamase genes by plasmid transfer from the ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae.
    Matched MeSH terms: Ceftazidime/pharmacology
  9. Fulltext Pulmonary melioidosis presenting with pleural effusion: A case report and review of literature
    Soo CI, Abdul Wahab S, Abdul Hamid F
    Respir Med Case Rep, 2015;16:54-6.
    PMID: 26744655 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmcr.2015.07.005
    Melioidosis is a serious infection, which can involve multiple systems. We report a case of pulmonary melioidosis with the initial presentation mimicking a partially treated pneumonia complicated by right-sided pleural effusion. The patient is a 49-year old man who did not respond to parenteral ceftriaxone and tazobactam/piperacillin therapy. However, upon culture and sensitivity results from blood and pleural samples isolated Burkholderia pseudomallei; antimicrobial therapy was de-escalated to parenteral ceftazidime. Within 72 h duration, his fever subsided and other respiratory symptoms improved tremendously. This case highlights the importance of early recognition of B. pseudomallei in pulmonary infection in order for prompt institution of appropriate antibiotics treatment; thus reducing morbidity and mortality.
    Matched MeSH terms: Ceftazidime
  10. Prevalence of salmonella sp. In African catfish (clarias gariepinus) obtained from farms and wet markets in Kelantan, Malaysia and their antibiotic resistance
    Sing CK, Md. Zahirul Islam Khan, Hassan Hj. Mohd Daud, Abd. Rahman Aziz
    Sains Malaysiana, 2016;45:1597-1602.
    The present study was conducted to determine the prevalence and antibiotic resistance of Salmonella sp. isolated from
    African catfish (Clarias gariepinus). A total of 30 catfish were harvested from four different farms and four different
    wet markets. A total of 60 samples (30 catfish skins and 30 catfish intestines) were used for Salmonella sp. isolation
    (pellet-method), its biochemical and serological test. Confirmation of Salmonella sp. were determined by polyvalent
    O antisera and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using genus specific primers for invA genes (DNA amplification
    showed one distinct band with molecular weight of 389 bp) and the species of isolated Salmonella sp. were identified
    by serotyping. The result showed 6/30 (20%) of fish or 6/60 (10%) of organ samples were positive for Salmonella sp.
    Among those positive for Salmonella sp., 4/6 were from intestine samples and 2/6 were from skin samples. No significant
    difference was found in the prevalence of Salmonella sp. isolates between fish harvested from farms and wet markets
    (p-value= 0.406). The Salmonella serovars identified were Salmonella corvallis (n=3), Salmonella mbandaka (n=2)
    and Salmonella typhmurium (n=1). Salmonella sp. isolates were resistance to Penicillin (P 10, 100%), Clindamycin
    (DA 2, 100%), Tetracycline (TE 30, 100%) and Rifampicin (RD 5, 100%) and all of the isolates were susceptible or
    intermediate resistance to Ceftazidime (CAZ 30) and Trimethopin (W 5). Multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index of
    all Salmonella sp. isolates in current study was 0.67 indicating that fish sampled in the present study was under high
    risk of been exposed to the tested antibiotics.
    Matched MeSH terms: Ceftazidime
  11. Fulltext Melioidosis: an unusual cause of infective endocarditis: a case report
    Sia T, Podin Y, Chuah TB, Wong JS
    Eur Heart J Case Rep, 2018 Jun;2(2):yty055.
    PMID: 31020134 DOI: 10.1093/ehjcr/yty055
    Introduction: As a causal organism in infective endocarditis, Burkholderia pseudomallei is rare. Burkholderia pseudomallei is intrinsically resistant to aminoglycosides but a gentamicin-susceptible strain was discovered in Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo in 2010. We report the first occurrence of infective endocarditis due to the gentamicin-susceptible strain of B. pseudomallei.

    Case presentation: A 29-year-old man presented with pneumonia and melioidosis septicaemia. His condition was complicated with infective endocarditis and septic emboli to the brain. Despite difficulties in reaching a diagnosis, the patient was successfully treated using intravenous gentamicin and ceftazidime and was discharged well.

    Discussion: The role of gentamicin in the treatment of the gentamicin-susceptible strain of B. pseudomallei remains unclear.

    Matched MeSH terms: Ceftazidime
  12. Fulltext Shewanella algae Peritonitis in Patients on Peritoneal Dialysis
    Shanmuganathan M, Goh BL, Lim C, NorFadhlina Z, Fairol I
    Perit Dial Int, 2016 9 24;36(5):574-5.
    PMID: 27659933 DOI: 10.3747/pdi.2015.00287
    Patients with peritonitis present with abdominal pain, diarrhea, fever, and turbid peritoneal dialysis (PD) fluid. Shewanella algae peritonitis has not yet been reported in PD patients in the literature. We present the first 2 cases of Shewanella algae peritonitis in PD patients. Mupirocin cream is applied on the exit site as prophylactic antibiotic therapy.
    Matched MeSH terms: Ceftazidime/administration & dosage
  13. Efficacy and safety of cefepime in late-onset ventilator-associated pneumonia in infants: a pilot randomized and controlled study
    Shahid SK
    Ann Trop Med Parasitol, 2008 Jan;102(1):63-71.
    PMID: 18186979 DOI: 10.1179/136485908X252151
    Multidrug-resistant organisms cause late-onset ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). In a pilot, randomized and controlled study, the efficacy and safety of cefepime, in late-onset VAP in infants, have now been evaluated in Malaysia. Thirty children aged <1 year with late-onset VAP (i.e. VAP occurring 5 or more days after intubation) were randomized to receive cefepime or, as a control, ceftazidime. The clinical responses and the microbiological clearance of tracheal aspirates were evaluated in each arm. Adverse events, if any, were monitored clinically and by blood tests. Ten of the 15 children given cefepime and five of the 15 given ceftazidime showed a satisfactory clinical response (P<0.1). Cefepime appeared significantly better at clearing polymicrobial infections from tracheal aspirates. There were no fatalities in the cefepime arm but three in ceftazidime (P<0.1). The mean (S.E.) durations of antibiotic use were 9.4 (1.5) days for cefepime and 7.6 (1.0) days for ceftazidime (P>0.05). No serious adverse effects were observed in either arm. In conclusion, in late-onset VAP in infants, cefepime monotherapy appears to be at least as effective and safe as ceftazidime monotherapy, with better microbiological clearance.
    Matched MeSH terms: Ceftazidime/adverse effects; Ceftazidime/therapeutic use*
  14. Fulltext Variations in ceftazidime and amoxicillin-clavulanate susceptibilities within a clonal infection of Burkholderia pseudomallei
    Sam IC, See KH, Puthucheary SD
    J Clin Microbiol, 2009 May;47(5):1556-8.
    PMID: 19297597 DOI: 10.1128/JCM.01657-08
    A patient with a clonal infection of Burkholderia pseudomallei had subpopulations with ceftazidime and amoxicillin-clavulanate susceptibilities that differed among the clinical specimens. Resistance was associated with a novel Cys69Tyr substitution in the Ambler class A beta-lactamase. Susceptibility testing of multiple colony variants from different sites should be performed for patients with culture-confirmed melioidosis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Ceftazidime/pharmacology*
  15. Fulltext Fatal melioidosis in a captive elephant trunk snake (Acrochordus javanicus) in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
    Sadiq, M.A., Zakaria, Z., Saharee, A.A., Abba, Y., Hassan, L.
    Jurnal Veterinar Malaysia, 2016;28(1):20-26.
    MyJurnal
    An adult female Elephant Trunk Snake (Acrochordus javanicus) was reported to have been weak and inappetent for five days. The following morning the snake found dead, while in the process of shedding its skin. On post mortem examination, there were multiple circumscribed caseous nodules of various sizes distributed all over the liver, along the respiratory tract and on the lungs. Bacteriological analysis of the lungs and liver swab samples yielded Burkholderia pseudomallei, which was confirmed by PCR amplification of specific 16S rRNA. The condition was diagnosed as melioidosis and the organism was genotypically characterized as sequence type 51, a genotype that has been previously characterized in humans in Malaysia. Antibiotic susceptibility by both Disc diffusion or Kirby Bauer and E-test minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) showed that the organism exhibited susceptibility to meropenem, imipenem, ceftazidime, cotrimoxazole and co-amoxyclav; the antibiotics recommended in the treatment of melioidosis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Ceftazidime
  16. Fulltext The relationship between bacterial sources and genotype to the antimicrobial resistance pattern of Burkholderia pseudomallei
    Sadiq MA, Hassan L, Aziz SA, Zakaria Z, Musa HI, Amin MM
    Vet World, 2018 Nov;11(10):1404-1408.
    PMID: 30532493 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2018.1404-1408
    Background: Melioidosis is a fatal emerging infectious disease of both man and animal caused by bacteria Burkholderia pseudomallei. Variations were suggested to have existed among the different B. pseudomallei clinical strains/genotypes which may implicate bacterial susceptibility and resistance toward antibiotics.

    Aim: This study was designed to determine whether the phenotypic antibiotic resistance pattern of B. pseudomallei is associated with the source of isolates and the genotype.

    Materials and Methods: A collection of 111 B. pseudomallei isolates from veterinary cases of melioidosis and the environments (soil and water) were obtained from stock cultures of previous studies and were phylogenetically characterized by multilocus sequence typing (ST). The susceptibility to five antibiotics, namely meropenem (MEM), imipenem, ceftazidime (CAZ), cotrimoxazole (SXT), and co-amoxiclav (AMC), recommended in both acute and eradication phases of melioidosis treatment were tested using minimum inhibitory concentration antibiotics susceptibility test.

    Results: Majority of isolates were susceptible to all antibiotics tested while few resistant strains to MEM, SXT, CAZ, and AMC were observed. Statistically significant association was found between resistance to MEM and the veterinary clinical isolates (p<0.05). The likelihood of resistance to MEM was significantly higher among the novel ST 1130 isolates found in veterinary cases as compared to others.

    Conclusion: The resistance to MEM and SXT appeared to be higher among veterinary isolates, and the novel ST 1130 was more likely to be resistant to MEM as compared to others.

    Matched MeSH terms: Ceftazidime
  17. Fulltext Pasteurella canis Isolation following Penetrating Eye Injury: A Case Report
    Rashid NK, Zam Z, Mdnoor SS, Siti-Raihan I, Azhany Y
    Case Rep Ophthalmol Med, 2012;2012:362369.
    PMID: 22606491 DOI: 10.1155/2012/362369
    A 3-year-old boy presented with history of trauma to the left eye after he accidentally injured his eye with a broom stick made up from coconut skewers. There was history of cats as their pets but not dogs. Ocular examination revealed left superonasal conjunctival laceration and scleral perforation with prolapsed vitreous. Fundus examination showed minimal vitreous haemorrhage and flat retina. Conjunctiva swab at the wound site was sent for gram staining, culture, and sensitivity. He underwent scleral suturing, vitreous tap, and intravitreal injection of Ceftazidime and Amikacin. Vitreous tap was sent for gram stained, culture and sensitivity. Postoperatively, he was started empirically on IV Ciprofloxacin 160 mg BD, Guttae Ciprofloxacin, and Guttae Ceftazidime. Conjunctiva swab grew Pasteurella canis which was sensitive to all Beta lactams, Ciprofloxacin, Chloramphenicol, and Aminoglycoside. Post-operative was uneventful, absent signs of endophthalmitis or orbital cellulitis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Ceftazidime
  18. Localized melioidosis
    Raja NS
    J Pak Med Assoc, 2003 Aug;53(8):373-4.
    PMID: 14558747
    Matched MeSH terms: Ceftazidime/pharmacology; Ceftazidime/therapeutic use
  19. Ceftazidime and cefotaxime--the clinician's choice
    Puthucheary SD, Goldsworthy PJ
    Clin Ther, 1989 Mar-Apr;11(2):186-204.
    PMID: 2660995
    A review of two third-generation cephalosporins, ceftazidime and cefotaxime, is presented. Ceftazidime, often used as a single agent, has shown greater activity than cefotaxime against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other Pseudomonas species, Enterobacteriaceae, Acinetobacter sp, and Enterobacter sp. It has been effective as monotherapy in the treatment of peritonitis, gynecologic infections, chronic bronchitis, and infections in patients with leukemia and granulocytopenia, as has cefotaxime when in combination with an aminoglycoside. Cefotaxime has shown good activity against most aerobic gram-negative bacilli and against Staphylococcus. It has been used in respiratory infections, urinary tract infections, and septicemia. In contrast to first-generation and most second-generation cephalosporins, third-generation cephalosporins have proven useful in some types of meningitis. Ceftazidime and cefotaxime successfully penetrate into the cerebrospinal fluid and cures of bacterial meningitis have been reported with both drugs. Both ceftazidime and cefotaxime have been successfully used in children, infants, and neonates, as well as adults. Safety profiles of ceftazidime compare favorably with those of other third-generation cephalosporins.
    Matched MeSH terms: Ceftazidime/therapeutic use*
  20. Fulltext Characterization of extended-spectrum ß -lactamases (ESBLs) producers in Klebsiella pneumoniae by genotypic and phenotypic method
    Puspanadan, S., Afsah-Hejri, L., Rukayadi, Y., Loo, Y.Y., Nillian, E., Kuan, C.H., et al.
    International Food Research Journal, 2013;20(3):1479-1483.
    MyJurnal
    This study aims to determine the presence of extended-spectrum (ESBL) in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from raw vegetables by genotypic and phenotypic method. Fifty-three K. pneumoniae isolates that were obtained by plating method were confirmed by PCR. Isolates obtained were screened for their resistance to selected antibiotics. Phenotypic tests for ESBL detection is basically to confirm production of ESBL, in this study two types of antibiotics used which were amoxycillin/clavulanic Acid (AMC, 30 µg) and ceftazidime (CAZ, 30 µg), The resistance were 5/53 (9.4%) and 1/53 (1.9%), respectively. However, it was interesting to observe that none of the K. pneumoniae isolates demonstrated the presence of any of the bla genes by using genotypic method except blaTEM gene has been detected in two isolates out of 53 isolates of K. pneumoniae in this research.
    Matched MeSH terms: Ceftazidime
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