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Fulltext X-ray examinations in private hospitals and clinics

Lam ES

Family Practitioner, 1978;3(4):31-34.

Matched MeSH terms: Hospitals, Private
Fulltext Western impressions of the Hong Kong health care system

Bennett CL, Pei GK, Ultmann JE

West. J. Med., 1996 Jul-Aug;165(1-2):37-42.
PMID: 8855683

Hong Kong, Taiwan, Singapore, and Malaysia are initiating health care reform to meet the changing demands of populations with improved socioeconomic status and access to modern technologies and who are living longer than in previous generations. Hong Kong, in particular, is facing a unique set of circumstances as its people prepare for the transition in 1997 from a British colony to a Special Administrative Region of China. While spending only 4% of its gross domestic product on health care, it has a large and regulated public hospital system for most inpatient medical care and a separate, loosely regulated private health care system for most outpatient medical care. In 1993 the Secretary for Health and Welfare of Hong Kong initiated a year-long process to debate the pros and cons of 5 fundamental programs for health care reform. After a year of open consultation, options were chosen. We describe the Hong Kong health care system, the fundamental changes that have been adopted, and lessons for reformers in the United States.

Matched MeSH terms: Hospitals, Private
Fulltext Urologic Services in Public Hospitals Suffered a Greater Detriment Than Private Hospitals During the Battle of COVID-19

Ong WLK, Lechmiannandan S, Loeb S, Teoh JY

Urology, 2020 10;144:269-270.
PMID: 32687841 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2020.07.010
Matched MeSH terms: Hospitals, Private*
Fulltext Trends in post osteoporotic hip fracture care from 2010 to 2014 in a private hospital in Malaysia

Yeap SS, Nur Fazirah MFR, Nur Aisyah C, Zahari Sham SY, Samsudin IN, C Thambiah S, et al.

Osteoporos Sarcopenia, 2017 Jun;3(2):112-116.
PMID: 30775514 DOI: 10.1016/j.afos.2017.05.001

Objective: Following an osteoporotic fracture, pharmacological treatment is recommended to increase bone mineral density and prevent future fractures. However, the rate of starting treatment after an osteoporotic hip fracture remains low. The objective of this study was to survey the treatment rate following a low-trauma hip fracture at a tertiary private hospital in Malaysia over a period of 5 years.

Methods: The computerised hospital discharge records were searched using the terms "hip," "femur," "femoral," "trochanteric," "fracture," or "total hip replacement" for all patients over the age of 50, admitted between 2010 and 2014. The medical charts were obtained and manually searched for demographic data and treatment information. Hip operations done for non-low-trauma-related fracture and arthritis were excluded.

Results: Three hundred seventy patients over the age of 50 years were admitted with a hip fracture, of which 258 (69.7%) were low trauma, presumed osteoporotic, hip fractures. The median age was 79.0 years (interquartile range [IQR], 12.0). Following a hip fracture, 36.8% (95 of 258) of the patients received treatment, but out of these, 24.2% (23 of 95) were on calcium/vitamin D only. The median duration of treatment was 1 month (IQR, 2.5). In 2010, 56.7% of the patients received treatment, significantly more than subsequent years 2011-2014, where approximately only 30% received treatment.

Conclusions: Following a low-trauma hip fracture, approximately 72% of patients were not started on active antiosteoporosis therapy. Of those who were, the median duration of treatment was 1 month. This represents a missed opportunity for the prevention of future fractures.

Matched MeSH terms: Hospitals, Private
Fulltext The outcome of abdominal aortic aneurysm repair in northern Malaysia

Lakhwani MN, Yeoh KCB, Gooi BH, Lim SK

Med J Malaysia, 2003 Aug;58(3):420-8.
PMID: 14750383

A prospective study of all infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repairs both as electives and emergencies in Penang between January 1997 to December 2000 is presented. The objectives of the study were to determine the age, gender, racial distribution of the patients, the incidence, and risk factors and to summarize treatments undertaken and discuss the outcome. Among the races, the Malays were the most common presenting with infrarenal AAA. The mean age of patients operated was 68.5 years. Males were more commonly affected compared to females (12:1). Most infrarenal AAA repairs were performed as emergency operations, 33 cases (61.1%) compared to electives, 21 cases (38.9%). Total survival was 70.3% (elective 85.7%; emergency 57.6%). Mortality rate was 31.5% and the primary reason is the lack of operating time available for urgent operation and for treatment of concurrent disease states. Mycotic aneurysm with its triad of abdominal pain, fever and abdominal mass resulted in a significantly higher mortality (46.6%). Ninety six percent of the infrarenal AAA had transverse diameter greater than 6 cm. Morphologically 90.7% were fusiform AAA rather than saccular aneurysm (9.3%). Pulmonary complications (35.2%) were more common than cardiac complications (11.1%) possibly related to the urgent nature of the operation, smoking or history of pulmonary tuberculosis. Bleeding (14.8%) was the most common cause of mortality in ruptured mycotic infrarenal AAA.

Matched MeSH terms: Hospitals, Private
Fulltext The incidence of deep venous thrombosis following arthroscopic knee surgery

Ng WM, Chan KY, Lim ABK, Gan EC

Med J Malaysia, 2005 Jul;60 Suppl C:14-6.
PMID: 16381276

A prospective cohort study was undertaken at two centers to look for the incidence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) following knee arthroscopic surgery. Eighty-four patients who had 90 arthroscopic procedures were reviewed. The relevant risk factors: past or family history of DVT, smoking, oral contraceptives, body weight, haemoglobin level, platelet count, tourniquet time and type of anaesthesia were documented. All patients were subjected to preoperative and post-operative duplex ultrasound. Only one patient (1.2 %) was noted to have DVT involving the peroneal vein. We concluded that the incidence of DVT after knee arthroscopy was very low in this study population.

Matched MeSH terms: Hospitals, Private
The differences of patient satisfaction level in public and private hospitals in Makassar, Indonesia

Akbar FH, Rivai F, Awang AH

Enferm Clin, 2020 10;30 Suppl 6:165-169.
PMID: 33040892 DOI: 10.1016/j.enfcli.2020.06.038

OBJECTIVE: To know the difference in patient satisfaction level in the dental department of public hospitals and private hospital in Makassar.
METHODS: This study was conducted in December 2017-February 2018 in the dental department of Labuang Baji, which is a government hospital and Ibnu Sina Hospital, which is a private hospital. The samples were all patients who received dental treatment. Patient satisfaction was measured using a questionnaire (PSQ-18). Data were tested using Independent T-Test and ANOVA using SPSS version 24.
RESULTS: There were significant differences in accessibility, comfort, and communication between the public and private hospitals (p<0.05); the average value of patient satisfaction was higher in private hospitals.
CONCLUSION: Patients in private hospitals are more satisfied with the health services provided by health care providers, compared to patients in public hospitals.

Matched MeSH terms: Hospitals, Private*
Fulltext The determinants of patient care manager role and the implementation of COVID-19 clinical pathway: a cross-sectional study

Aziz Alimul Hidayat A, Chen WL, Nor RM, Uliyah M, Badriyah FL, Ubudiyah M

PeerJ, 2022;10:e13764.
PMID: 35910779 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13764

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to determine the factors associated with patient care manager role and the implementation of the clinical pathway among nurses in private hospitals.
METHODS: This study was conducted from January-July 2021 using the cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 168 nurses working in a private hospital in Surabaya City, East Java, Indonesia. Meanwhile, the data were collected using the Patient Care Manager Role Scale (PCMRS) and analyzed by multiple logistic regression to find the correlation between the variables.
RESULTS: A higher percentage of nurses namely 64.3% had compliance in COVID-19 clinical pathways with an average PCMRS score of 27.81 ± 2.43. Nurses with a high-level patient care manager role level had a significant compliance risk with odds ratio [OR] 440.137, 95% confidence interval [CI] [51.850-3736.184], and p-value = 0.000 compared to those with a low role.
CONCLUSION: The role of patient care manager and compliance with COVID-19 clinical pathways correlated significantly. Based on the results, several actions are needed for the early identification of patient service managers' roles to ensure compliance with COVID-19 clinical pathways and reduce the number of cases in Indonesia.

Matched MeSH terms: Hospitals, Private
Fulltext The association of uvulo-palatoglossal junctional ulcers with exanthem subitum: a 10-year paediatric outpatient study

Chua KB

Med J Malaysia, 1999 Mar;54(1):58-64.
PMID: 10972006

A 10-year follow-up of children having exanthem subitum (ES) seen in an outpatient paediatric clinic, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia shows that uvulo-palatoglossal junctional (UPJ) ulcer is a reliable early clinical sign of ES. During this period, 1,977 children (1,086 males, 891 females) had adequate follow-up from the age of 3 months to 24 months old. 897 children (478 males, 419 females) were noted to have UPJ ulcers. Of these 897 children, 855 (459 males, 396 females) presented with the classical clinical features of ES of maculopapular rash following 3 to 4 days of fever. The positive predictive value and the negative predictive value of UPJ ulcers in the clinical diagnosis of ES are 95.3% and 100% respectively. Among the 855 children with clinical features of ES, a provisional diagnosis of ES could be made in 781 children during the pre-eruptive phase by the presence of the UPJ ulcers. The other 74 children already had the rash at the time of consultation at the clinic. The peak age of occurrence of ES was 6 months old with 98.2% of the total cases of ES seen between the age of 4 and 12 months. There was no significant gender difference in the incidence of ES nor any seasonal variation. Mild to moderate diarrhoea was the other commonly associated clinical feature which usually presented from the third febrile day onwards.
Study site: Paediatric clinic, Assunta Hospital, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia

Matched MeSH terms: Hospitals, Private
Fulltext The Relationship between Type of Music and Anxiety Level among Malaysian Women during Mammography

Mohd Zain, N., Ab Malek, N. N. F., Che Mut, N. A. I., Mohd Norsuddin, N., Abdullah Suhaimi, S. A., Ahmad Dahari, M., et al.

Physics and Technology in Medicine, 2020;1(2):7-12.
MyJurnal

Music is one of the suggested interventions that can reduce stress caused by pain from mammography procedures. The different types of music might affect the anxiety level during a mammogram screening. Thus, the study aimed to determine the anxiety level of women who underwent mammogram screening according to different types of music. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 60 women by using the purposive sampling technique in the radiology department at randomly selected private hospitals in Klang Valley from November 2018 to November 2019. Respondents were randomly divided based on the day of mammogram screening into two groups; namely slow and upbeat music. Descriptive analysis was used to determine the anxiety level for each group and T-test analysis was used to compare the significance of anxiety level between both groups. A total of 60 respondents had participated in this study with a total of 30 (50.0%) respondents allocated in slow music, while another 30 (50.0%) respondents were allocated in upbeat music. Patients who underwent mammography screening while listening to slow music had a high anxiety level (70.0%) as compared to upbeat music group (63.3%). There was no significant effect for music, t (60) = -0.54, p = 0.59, despite slow music (M = 1.70, SD = 0.47) attaining higher anxiety level than the upbeat music (M = 1.63, SD = 0.49). Upbeat music has the potential in reducing the anxiety level of women undergoing mammography screening.

Matched MeSH terms: Hospitals, Private
Student, tutor and staff nurse perceptions of the clinical learning environment

Chuan OL, Barnett T

Nurse Educ Pract, 2012 Jul;12(4):192-7.
PMID: 22277167 DOI: 10.1016/j.nepr.2012.01.003

The aim of this exploratory study was to describe and compare student nurses (n=142), staff nurses (n=54) and nurse tutors (n=8) perceptions of the clinical learning environment (CLE), and to identify factors that enhanced or inhibited student learning. The setting was a private hospital in Penang, Malaysia. Data were collected using a structured, self-administered questionnaire that consisted of six a priori subscales. Principal component analysis supported a six factor solution and a reduction in the number of items from 44 to 34. Participants' overall perception of the CLE was positive, though there were significant differences in 5 of the 6 subscales between the three groups. For students and their tutors, the most positive component of the CLE was 'supervision by clinical instructors'. Staff nurses reported more favourably on the learner friendliness of the CLE than did students or tutors. Factors that enhanced student learning included students' and staff nurses' attitude towards student learning, variety of clinical opportunities, sufficient equipment, and adequate time to perform procedures. Factors that hindered student learning were: overload of students in the clinical unit, busy wards, and students being treated as workers.

Matched MeSH terms: Hospitals, Private/organization & administration
Shift schedule realignment and patient safety culture

Wijaya MI, Mohamad AR, Hafizurrachman M

Int J Health Care Qual Assur, 2020 Jan 15;ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print).
PMID: 32012498 DOI: 10.1108/IJHCQA-04-2019-0080

PURPOSE: The purpose of this paper is to assess the association between shift schedule realignment and patient safety culture.
DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: Using difference in differences model, BIMC Hospitals and Siloam Hospital Bali were compared before and after shift schedule realignment to test the association between shift schedule realignment and patient safety culture.
FINDINGS: Shift schedule realignment was associated with a significant improvement in staffing (coefficient 1.272; 95% CI 0.842 - 1.702; p<0.001), teamwork within units (coefficient 1.689; 95% CI 1.206 - 2.171; p<0.001), teamwork across units (coefficient 1.862; 95% CI 1.415 - 2.308; p<0.001), handoffs and transitions (coefficient 0.999; 95% CI 0.616 - 1.382; p<0.001), frequency of error reported (coefficient 1.037; 95% CI 0.581 - 1.493; p<0.001), feedback and communication about error (coefficient 1.412; 95% CI 0.982 - 1.841; p<0.001) and communication openness (coefficient 1.393; 95% CI 0.968 - 1.818; p<0.001).
PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: With positive impact on patient safety culture, shift schedule realignment should be considered as quality improvement initiative. It stretches the compressed workload suffered by staff while maintaining 40 h per week in accordance with applicable laws and regulations.
ORIGINALITY/VALUE: Shift schedule realignment, designed to improve patient safety culture, has never been implemented in any Indonesian private hospital. Other hospital managers might also appreciate knowing about the shift schedule realignment to improve the patient safety culture.

Matched MeSH terms: Hospitals, Private/organization & administration*
Rotavirus infection in paediatric community-acquired acute gastroenteritis: a retrospective cross-sectional study in a private hospital in Malaysia

Adele, Tan Guat Kean

Malaysian Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2007;15(1):7-15.
MyJurnal

Objectives: 1) To establish the incidence of rotavirus infection in paediatric patients admitted to a private hospital in Malaysia with a diagnosis of community-acquired acute gastroenteritis. 2) To determine whether patients with rotaviral acute gastroenteritis have greater disease severity. Design Retrospective cross-sectional study. Setting An urban private hospital in Malaysia. Participants All paediatric patients with a discharge diagnosis of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) admitted to the hospital between September 2005 and March 2006. A total of 261 patients were included in the study. Results Rotavirus infection contributed to 54% of paediatric hospital admissions with discharge diagnoses of acute gastroenteritis. 74% of children with rotavirus infection were aged 5 years and below. This study demonstrated that patients with rotaviral gastroenteritis had greater disease severity, as measured by two indicators. Firstly, the average length of hospital stay was longer in patients who were rotavirus positive (5.14 days) compared to those who were rotavirus negative (4.81 days). These results were statistically significant (p

Matched MeSH terms: Hospitals, Private
Fulltext Review of ocular injuries in Malaysia

Thevi T, Reddy SC

Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 2017;17(1):69-77.
MyJurnal

Ocular injuries or trauma to the eye can be caused by variety of objects resulting in a spectrum of lesions in the eye. We did a Pubmed/Google/Science Direct search to review the spectrum of ocular injuries in Malaysia. In our review, we included 28 papers providing information on ocular injuries which were published from Malaysia during the period 1991-2016 in different medical journals. Prevalence was more among males with an average age of 35 years. Among adults they were more common in the workplace but in children it occurred at home. Few wore protective glasses at work. The mode of injury was due to sharp objects hitting the eye, motor vehicle and domestic accidents, firecrackers, chemicals and rarer causes like superglue and durian fruit. Prognostic factors for outcome were the initial visual acuity, length of the wound, associated factors like hyphaema, intraocular foreign body and vitreous prolapse. Missing the diagnosis of perforation of the eyeball is possible without eliciting a proper history. Protective devices must be worn to prevent injuries. Display of health education charts showing the effect of injuries in the eye and their preventive measures in health centres, private hospitals, schools, factories and sports centres will increase the awareness of public about the ocular injuries. It is important to diagnose the tissues involved in ocular trauma by the general practitioners and primary care physicians and refer the patients to the Ophthalmologist urgently for treatment to salvage vision. Compensation mechanisms should then be put forth in terms of rehabilitation and for monetary loss.

Matched MeSH terms: Hospitals, Private
Fulltext Rethinking health care commercialization: evidence from Malaysia

Nwagbara VC, Rasiah R

Global Health, 2015;11:44.
PMID: 26582159 DOI: 10.1186/s12992-015-0131-y

Against the backdrop of systemic inefficiency in the public health care system and the theoretical claims that markets result in performance and efficiency improvement, developing countries' governments have been rapidly commercializing health care delivery. This paper seeks to determine whether commercialization through an expansion in private hospitals has led to performance improvements in public hospitals.

Matched MeSH terms: Hospitals, Private/economics; Hospitals, Private/standards*
Fulltext Reliability of computerised electrocardiographic reports

Ong HT, Kuah SH, Chew SP

Singapore Med J, 1993 Feb;34(1):53-4.
PMID: 8266130

The aim of this study is to assess the reliability of computerised reporting of electrocardiograms (ECG). Fifty ECG performed consecutively at the outpatient department of the Penang Adventist Hospital on the Marquette 12SL-SC were studied. Two physicians independently reviewed the ECG and the manual readings were compared with each other and to the computer reports. There was no significant difference in the measurement of rate. The PR and QT intervals measured by the two physicians were similar but each was significantly different from the computer reading. The QRS duration assessed by Physician 1 was similar to the computer reading but each was significantly different from that of Physician 2. The overall diagnosis was the same between the two physicians in 76%, between Physician 1 and the computer in 68%, and between Physician 2 and the computer in 78%. No ECG was reported as normal by the computer and said to be abnormal by either physician. Thus, the computer programme is reasonably reliable in ECG reporting with computer-physician variability being comparable to inter-physician variability.

Study site: outpatient department of the Penang Adventist Hospital

Matched MeSH terms: Hospitals, Private
Fulltext Radical resection for naso-lacrimal duct tumour

Vickers PG, Shue CL, Ahmad H

Med J Malaysia, 1999 Jun;54(2):277-9.
PMID: 10972044

Naso-lacrimal duct tumours are uncommon and present with epiphora and swelling. Since the naso-lacrimal duct is embedded in bone for the majority of its anatomical length, the late presentation of proptosis is due to orbital extension of the tumour. Radical surgical treatment is necessary to establish clear margins and facilitate reconstruction.

Matched MeSH terms: Hospitals, Private
Fulltext Public and private sectors collective response to combat COVID-19 in Malaysia

Tan CS, Lokman S, Rao Y, Kok SH, Ming LC

J Pharm Policy Pract, 2021 May 03;14(1):40.
PMID: 33941265 DOI: 10.1186/s40545-021-00322-x

Over the last year, the dangerous severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread rapidly around the world. Malaysia has not been excluded from this COVID-19 pandemic. The resurgence of COVID-19 cases has overwhelmed the public healthcare system and overloaded the healthcare resources. Ministry of Health (MOH) Malaysia has adopted an Emergency Ordinance (EO) to instruct private hospitals to receive both COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients to reduce the strain on public facilities. The treatment of COVID-19 patients at private hospitals could help to boost the bed and critical care occupancy. However, with the absence of insurance coverage because COVID-19 is categorised as pandemic-related diseases, there are some challenges and opportunities posed by the treatment fees management. Another major issue in the collaboration between public and private hospitals is the willingness of private medical consultants to participate in the management of COVID-19 patients, because medical consultants in private hospitals in Malaysia are not hospital employees, but what are termed "private contractors" who provide patient care services to the hospitals. Other collaborative measures with private healthcare providers, e.g. tele-conferencing by private medical clinics to monitor COVID-19 patients and the rollout of national vaccination programme. The public and private healthcare partnership must be enhanced, and continue to find effective ways to collaborate further to combat the pandemic. The MOH, private healthcare sectors and insurance providers need to have a synergistic COVID-19 treatment plans to ensure public as well as insurance policy holders have equal opportunities for COVID-19 screening tests, vaccinations and treatment.

Matched MeSH terms: Hospitals, Private
Fulltext Public and private hospitals in Kuala Lumpur and Selangor, Malaysia: how do they fare in terms of accessibility for the physically disabled?

Phua, K.L., Chong, J.C., Elangovan, R., Liew, Y.X., Ng, H.M., Seow, Y.W.

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2014;10(1):43-50.
MyJurnal

Public and private hospitals in Kuala Lumpur and Selangor were evaluated in terms of their accessibility for the physically disabled. The research hypotheses for this study included the following: (1) Both types of hospitals are accessible for the physically disabled as measured by specific criteria but (2) the degree of accessibility is higher in the case of private hospitals as compared to public hospitals. A total of 23 private hospitals and 11 public hospitals in Kuala Lumpur and Selangor were invited to participate in the study. The 5 private hospitals and 5 public hospitals that agreed were evaluated for adequacy of facilities for the physically-disabled. For this purpose, 13 specific criteria were assessed and scored for each hospital. These criteria were also grouped into 5 categories, namely, parking, toilet, door and lift, corridor and ramp. Scores were compared between each hospital and then aggregated and compared for private hospitals versus public hospitals. It was found that none of the 5 private hospitals and 5 public hospitals studied satisfied 100% of the criteria evaluated. Looking at each hospital individually, the overall scores range from 32% to 92% for the criteria set. Only 4 of the 10 hospitals in our sample achieved overall scores of 80% or higher in terms of the evaluation criteria we used. With the exception of availability of ramps where public hospitals scored slightly higher ,for most of the individual criterion, private hospitals scored higher than public hospitals. Looking at each criterion across all hospitals, the scores range from 59.2% (adequacy of parking) to 85% (adequacy of corridors). The median score obtained by private hospitals and by public hospitals for all 13 criteria were analysed for any difference. The difference between private hospitals and public hospitals is not statistically significant (Mann-Whitney U = 6.5, p-value = 0.099). There is no significant difference between Kuala Lumpur/Selangor private and public hospitals in terms of accessibility for physically disabled people. However, some hospitals are more accessible for the physically disabled than other hospitals. These findings indicate that there is room for improvement.

Matched MeSH terms: Hospitals, Private
Private hospitals in Latin America - An investor's perspective

Cleaton-Jones IP

World Hosp Health Serv, 2015;51(2):7-9.
PMID: 26521378

Private hospitals are expanding in Latin America, but the industry is less developed in this region than in some other emerging markets. Groups of hospitals are emerging in countries such as Brazil, Mexico, Colombia and Peru. However, they haven't reached the size of hospital groups in Malaysia, India and South Africa. They also remain domestically focused, while companies from the aforementioned three emerging markets outside Latin America have expanded to multiple other countries and have listed on stock exchanges to access more capital to finance their expansion. It is very likely that these trends seen in other emerging markets will manifest in Latin America as it continues to develop.

Matched MeSH terms: Hospitals, Private/economics*; Hospitals, Private/supply & distribution

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