Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 267 in total

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  1. Ahmad Ali Zainuddin, Mala A. Manickam, Azli Baharudin, Rusidah Selamat, Kee, Chee Cheong, Noor Ani Ahmad, et al.
    Int J Public Health Res, 2016;6(1):661-669.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction Overweight and obesity is a major public health problem in Malaysia. This study aims to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity among the Malaysian adult population and their association with socio-demographic characteristics (gender, ethnic, and age groups).
    Methods A total of 17,257 adults aged 18 years and older (8,252 men, 9,005 women)
    were assessed for BMI status, with a response rate of 97.8%, through a household survey from the National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS), conducted in all states of Malaysia in 2011.
    Results All socio-demographic factors were consistently associated with higher chance of being overweight (except gender and location) and obesity (except location and household income). The identified risk of overweight were
    Indian (aOR: 1.8, 95% CI: 1.2-2.8), aged 50-59 years (aOR: 2.8, 95% CI: 2.0-3.9), widower (aOR: 1.6, 95% CI: 1.3-2.0), subject with secondary education (aOR: 1.2, 95% CI: 1.0-1.4), Homemaker/unpaid worker (aOR:
    1.3, 95% CI: 1.1-1.4), and with high household income group (aOR: 1.3, 95% CI: 1.2-1.6). The identified risk of obesity were women (aOR: 1.4, 95% CI: 1.2-1.6), Indian (aOR: 1.7, 95% CI: 0.9-3.2), aged 30-39 years (aOR: 3.6,
    95% CI: 2.4-5.5), widower (aOR: 1.2, 95% CI: 0.9-1.6), subjects with primary education (aOR: 1.2, 95% CI: 0.9-1.6), Homemaker/unpaid worker (aOR: 1.3, 95% CI: 1.1-1.6), and with middle household income group (aOR: 1.3, 95% CI: 1.2-1.6).
    Conclusions Our data indicate a high prevalence of overweight and obesity in the
    population. Several sociodemographic characteristics are associated with both overweight and obesity. This study highlights the serious problem ofoverweight and obesity among Malaysia adults. Documentation of these problems may lead to research and policy agendas that will contribute both to our understanding and to the reduction of these problems.
    Study name: National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS-2011)
    Matched MeSH terms: Morbidity
  2. Ahmad Arif Che Ismail, Yasmin Ayob, Abdul Rahim Hussein
    MyJurnal
    CAD accounts for 25% of mortality in Malaysia public hospitals. CABG is one of treatment for patients with CAD, but requires RBC transfusion, which is associated with morbidity and mortality. This study was to evaluate the association between RBC transfusion and morbidity and mortality in CABG patients at the National Heart Centre, Malaysia (IJN). Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional study performed using data from 434 patients who underwent CABG in 2013 and 2014. Subjects had systematic random sampling every fifth subject of the patients in the sequence of dates of the year. Data related to the relationship between RBC transfusion with mortality and morbidity, and the predicting factors captured. Results: 64.3% of CABG patients (n = 279) received RBC transfusion perioperatively. Age, gender, BMI, and EF, were factors that contributed for RBC transfusion. RBC transfusion was a contributor to longer intensive care unit length of stay (ICULOS) and hospital length of stay (HLOS). Multiple logistic regression revealed, for every 1 year increase of age, there is 3.5% higher chance of transfusion. Whereas an increase of 1 kg/m2 of BMI and 1% of EF reduced the odds of RBC transfusion by 13.0% and 3.0% respectively. Conclusions: Age, gender, BMI, and EF determine the probability of needing RBC transfusion during CABG, and RBC transfusion will result in longer ICULOS, and HLOS. Probability of RBC transfusion will be higher in older patients and reduced in those with higher BMI and EF.
    Matched MeSH terms: Morbidity
  3. Ahmad Faidzal Othman, Mohamad NorHisham, Azmi Abdul Rahman
    MyJurnal
    Symptomatic arterial pseudoaneurysm is not an uncommon emergent
    vascular case presenting to a tertiary hospital. These are mainly associated with
    infection, iatrogenic puncture or trauma. The resultant morbidity, limb loss and
    mortality present a challenge to the surgeons managing these cases. (Copied from article).
    Matched MeSH terms: Morbidity
  4. Ahmad N, MuhdYusoff F, Ratnasingam S, Mohamed F, Nasir NH, MohdSallehuddin S, et al.
    PMID: 26000035
    Studying trends in mental health morbidity will guide the planning of future interventions for mental and public health services. To assess the trends in mental health problems among children and adolescents aged 5 through 15 years in Malaysia from 1996 to 2011, data from the children's mental health component of three population-based surveys was analysed using a two-stage stratified sampling design. Mental health problems were assessed using the Reporting Questionnaire for Children. The prevalence of mental health problems among children and adolescents aged 5 through 15 years showed an increasing trend from 13.0% (95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 11.5-14.6) in 1996 to 19.4% (95% CI: 18.5-20.3) in 2006 and 20.0% (95% CI: 18.8-21.3) in 2011. In 2011, male children and adolescents and those who were in less affluent families were significantly associated with mental health problems. The findings indicate that even though mental health problems among children and adolescents in Malaysia are increasing, the rate of increase has decreased in the past five years. Socially and economically disadvantaged groups were most vulnerable to mental health problems.
    Matched MeSH terms: Morbidity
  5. Ahmed AZ, Satyam SM, Shetty P, D'Souza MR
    Scientifica (Cairo), 2021;2021:6694340.
    PMID: 33510932 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6694340
    Doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among cancer survivors. The present study was aimed to investigate the cardioprotective potential of methyl gallate; an active polyphenolic nutraceutical, against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in Wistar rats. Twenty-four female Wistar rats (150-200 g) were divided into four groups (n = 6) which consist of normal control (group I), doxorubicin control (group II), test-A (group III), and test-B (group IV). Group III and group IV animals were prophylactically treated with methyl gallate 150 mg/kg/day and 300 mg/kg/day orally, respectively, for seven days. Doxorubicin (25 mg/kg; single dose) was administered through an intraperitoneal route to group II, III, and IV animals on the seventh day to induce acute cardiotoxicity. On the 8th day, besides ECG analysis, serum CK, CK-MB, LDH, AST, MDA, and GSH were assayed. Following gross examination of isolated hearts, histopathological evaluation was performed by light microscopy. A significant (p 
    Matched MeSH terms: Morbidity
  6. Al Khalaf MS, Al Ehnidi FH, Al-Dorzi HM, Tamim HM, Abd-Aziz N, Tangiisuran B, et al.
    Ann Thorac Med, 2015 Apr-Jun;10(2):132-6.
    PMID: 25829965 DOI: 10.4103/1817-1737.150731
    RATIONALE: Sepsis is a leading cause of intensive care unit (ICU) admissions worldwide and a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Limited data exist regarding the outcomes and functional status among survivors of severe sepsis and septic shock.
    OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to determine the functional status among survivors of severe sepsis and septic shock a year after hospital discharge.
    METHODS: Adult patients admitted between April 2007 and March 2010 to the medical-surgical ICU of a tertiary hospital in Saudi Arabia, were included in this study. The ICU database was investigated for patients with a diagnosis of severe sepsis or septic shock. Survival status was determined based on hospital discharge. Patients who required re-admission, stayed in ICU for less than 24 hours, had incomplete data were all excluded. Survivors were interviewed through phone calls to determine their functional status one-year post-hospital discharge using Karnofsky performance status scale.
    RESULTS: A total of 209 patients met the eligibility criteria. We found that 38 (18.1%) patients had severe disability before admission, whereas 109 (52.2%) patients were with severe disability or died one-year post-hospital discharge. Only one-third of the survivors had good functional status one-year post-discharge (no/mild disability). After adjustment of baseline variables, age [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.03, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.01-1.04] and pre-sepsis functional status of severe disability (aOR = 50.9, 95% CI = 6.82-379.3) were found to be independent predictors of functional status of severe disability one-year post-hospital discharge among survivors.
    CONCLUSIONS: We found that only one-third of the survivors of severe sepsis and septic shock had good functional status one-year post-discharge (no/mild disability). Age and pre-sepsis severe disability were the factors that highly predicted the level of functional status one-year post-hospital discharge.
    KEYWORDS: Disability; functional status; septic shock; severe sepsis
    Matched MeSH terms: Morbidity
  7. Al-Dubai, Sami A.R., Rampal, Krishna G.
    MyJurnal
    Objective: The objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence and factors contributing to psychological morbidity among doctors in Sana’a city, Yemen. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 442 Yemeni doctors. The (GHQ12) was used as a measure of psychological morbidity. Sources of job stress were determined using a 37-item scale questionnaire. Results: The prevalence of psychological morbidity was 68.1 %. Gender, age range of 30 – 39 years old, chewing Khat, type of residence and income were significantly associated with psychological morbidity (p
    Matched MeSH terms: Morbidity
  8. Al-Yahya SN, Mohamed Akram MHH, Vijaya Kumar K, Mat Amin SNA, Abdul Malik NA, Mohd Zawawi NA, et al.
    J Voice, 2020 Aug 27.
    PMID: 32861567 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.07.015
    OBJECTIVE: Maximum phonation time (MPT) is a test to measure glottic efficiency for laryngeal pathology screening and treatment monitoring. The normative value of MPT for South East Asia population has yet to be reported. It is postulated that MPT may be affected by body mass index (BMI) despite the paucity of evidence. Therefore, this study was designed to establish the normative value of MPT for a South East Asia population and investigate its relation to BMI.

    DESIGN & SETTING: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center between May and September 2017.

    PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS: Three hundred males and females with mean age of 30.23 (±11.04) years were recruited in equal number for each gender (n = 150) and divided into 3 groups of 50 according to their BMI (n = 50). The three groups are non-obese (BMI≤22.9kg/m2); obese (BMI between 23 and 34.9 kg/m2); and morbidly obese (BMI >35kg/m2). BMI and Voice Handicap Index-10 (VHI-10) were obtained. The average of three readings of MPT was measured using a stopwatch while the participants phonate /a/, /i/ and /u/. Unpaired t-test and ANOVA were used to compare means between and across groups. Spearman correlation assessed the correlation between MPT and BMI.

    MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The normative values of MPT of both genders and correlation with BMI were analyzed.

    RESULTS: The MPT normative values for males and females in the non-obese group were of 21.41 (±6.85) seconds and 18.05 (±5.06)seconds respectively for /a/. The MPT for all vowels were significantly higher in males across the BMI groups (P ≤ 0.05). There was low negative correlation between MPT and BMI in both genders.

    CONCLUSIONS: This pioneering study documented the normative values of MPT among Malaysians showed that males had longer MPT than females across the BMI groups. Obesity affects the MPT in that as BMI increases, the MPT decreases.

    Matched MeSH terms: Morbidity
  9. Alaa H, Shah SA
    Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2019 08 01;20(8):2339-2343.
    PMID: 31450904 DOI: 10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.8.2339
    Cancer is responsible for substantial burden on communities and more specifically on less developed countries. The incidence of cancer is on the rise due to population growth and aging, also due to increment of the risk factors such as smoking, increasing weight, low physical activity associated with adoption of western lifestyle. Around 14 million cases of new cancer and 8 million deaths from cancer is estimated to occur by 2012. This cross-sectional study was conducted in Baghdad from June 2016 to October 2016. Participants were selected according to our inclusion criteria, namely aged between 18 to 40 years and not being diagnosed with any chronic diseases. Those who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were 700 participants who completed the questionnaire. Results showed that most of our participants had low perceived susceptibility to cancer risk (62.4%), low perceived severity (59.8%), but good perceived benefits of screening (56.6%). Hierarchal linear regression analysis showed that sociodemographic factors of gender, marital status, and education level were statistically significant. Moreover, factors of health behaviour such as practice towards health and preventive behaviour were associated with the outcome. Finally, treatment control and emotional factors were mostly predicting the outcome. Perceived susceptibility to cancer along with its psychological factors and behaviour were important contributors to self-perceived health in this study. Hence there is association between perception and future morbidity and mortality, thus it is crucial for public health policy. Comprehensive health programs that include health promotion campaigns and proper health care services that deals with secondary prevention.
    Matched MeSH terms: Morbidity
  10. Ali AH, Salahuddin Z, Salim R
    Malays Fam Physician, 2018;13(3):29-30.
    PMID: 30800231 MyJurnal
    Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is an otology emergency and carries significant morbidity if the diagnosis is missed. It can present to any specialty but in our local setting the patient usually presents to primary care as it is easily accessible. We present a case of SSNHL that was initially presented to a primary care centre and the patient was reassured without any investigation being carried out. SSNHL has many causes thus making diagnosis difficult. However, with knowledge of its possible, a diagnosis can be made and appropriate management can be advocated to the patient. Hence, we discuss the three main causes of SSNHL, while emphasizing the immune system-mediated mechanism as the main cause in this case.
    Matched MeSH terms: Morbidity
  11. Ali SS, Mohamed SFA, Rozalei NH, Boon YW, Zainalabidin S
    Cardiovasc Toxicol, 2019 02;19(1):72-81.
    PMID: 30128816 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-018-9478-7
    Heart failure-associated morbidity and mortality is largely attributable to extensive and unregulated cardiac remodelling. Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) calyces are enriched with natural polyphenols known for antioxidant and anti-hypertensive effects, yet its effects on early cardiac remodelling in post myocardial infarction (MI) setting are still unclear. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the actions of roselle extract on cardiac remodelling in rat model of MI. Male Wistar rats (200-300 g) were randomly allotted into three groups: Control, MI, and MI + Roselle. MI was induced with isoprenaline (ISO) (85 mg/kg, s.c) for two consecutive days followed by roselle treatment (100 mg/kg, orally) for 7 days. Isoprenaline administration showed changes in heart weight to body weight (HW/BW) ratio. MI was especially evident by the elevated cardiac injury marker, troponin-T, and histological observation. Upregulation of plasma levels and cardiac gene expression levels of inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10 was seen in MI rats. A relatively high percentage of fibrosis was observed in rat heart tissues with over-expression of collagen (Col)-1 and Col-3 genes following isoprenaline-induced MI. On top of that, cardiomyocyte areas were larger in heart tissues of MI rats with upregulation of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) gene expression, indicating cardiac hypertrophy. Interestingly, roselle supplementation attenuated elevation of plasma troponin-T, IL-6, IL10, and gene expression level of IL-10. Furthermore, reduction of cardiac fibrosis and hypertrophy were observed. In conclusion, roselle treatment was able to limit early cardiac remodelling in MI rat model by alleviating inflammation, fibrosis, and hypertrophy; hence, the potential application of roselle in early adjunctive treatment to prevent heart failure.
    Matched MeSH terms: Morbidity
  12. Alibrahim OA, Al-Sadat N, Elawad NA
    J Public Health Afr, 2010 Sep 01;1(1):e7.
    PMID: 28299041 DOI: 10.4081/jphia.2010.e7
    Depression is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. In the year 2000 depression accounted for 4.4% of the global disability adjusted life years (DALYs). The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) has a population of 28 million people and is one of the countries experiencing demographic transition in its population structure. Improvements in socioeconomic status have been shown to be associated with increased chronic diseases including chronic mental diseases like depression, but still there is no comprehensive review summarizing the various reports currently existing in the literature. Although individual studies within Saudi Arabia have reported prevalence rates and risks, the quality of such studies need to be subjected to rigorous assessment and their findings pooled to give combined weighted evidence that will provide basis for targeted intervention. Pooled risks have the advantage of adjusting inherent variations within sampled populations and therefore providing more reliable estimates even though there are concerns about possible magnification of smaller individual risks.
    Matched MeSH terms: Morbidity
  13. Allam VSRR, Chellappan DK, Jha NK, Shastri MD, Gupta G, Shukla SD, et al.
    PMID: 33977840 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1915744
    Respiratory diseases, both acute and chronic, are reported to be the leading cause of morbidity and mortality, affecting millions of people globally, leading to high socio-economic burden for the society in the recent decades. Chronic inflammation and decline in lung function are the common symptoms of respiratory diseases. The current treatment strategies revolve around using appropriate anti-inflammatory agents and bronchodilators. A range of anti-inflammatory agents and bronchodilators are currently available in the market; however, the usage of such medications is limited due to the potential for various adverse effects. To cope with this issue, researchers have been exploring various novel, alternative therapeutic strategies that are safe and effective to treat respiratory diseases. Several studies have been reported on the possible links between food and food-derived products in combating various chronic inflammatory diseases. Nutraceuticals are examples of such food-derived products which are gaining much interest in terms of its usage for the well-being and better human health. As a consequence, intensive research is currently aimed at identifying novel nutraceuticals, and there is an emerging notion that nutraceuticals can have a positive impact in various respiratory diseases. In this review, we discuss the efficacy of nutraceuticals in altering the various cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in mitigating the symptoms of respiratory diseases.
    Matched MeSH terms: Morbidity
  14. Amal MNA, Ismail A, Saad MZ, Md Yasin IS, Nasruddin NS, Mastor SS, et al.
    Microb Pathog, 2019 Jun;131:47-52.
    PMID: 30940607 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.03.034
    This study determines the median lethal dose, and describes the clinico-pathological changes and disease development following Streptococcus agalactiae infection in Javanese medaka model. Javanese medakas were infected with S. agalactiae via intraperitoneal (IP) from 104 to 108 CFU/mL, and immersion (IM) route from 103 to 107 CFU/mL. The LD50-240h and clinico-pathological changes of the fish was determined until 240 h post infection (hpi). Next, the disease development was determined for 96 hpi in the fish following IP and IM infection at 103 CFU/mL and 104 CFU/mL, respectively. The LD50-240h of S. agalactiae in Javanese medaka was lower following IP injection (4.5 × 102 CFU/mL), compared to IM route (3.5 × 103 CFU/mL). The clinical signs included separating from the schooling group, swimming at the surface of water column, lethargy, erratic swimming pattern, corneal opacity and exophthalmia. Histopathological examinations revealed generalized congestion in almost all internal organs, particularly in liver and brain, while the kidney displayed tubular necrosis. Both IP and IM routes showed significant positive correlation (p 
    Matched MeSH terms: Morbidity
  15. Amal NM, Paramesarvathy R, Tee GH, Gurpreet K, Karuthan C
    Med J Malaysia, 2011 Mar;66(1):36-41.
    PMID: 23765141 MyJurnal
    The third National Health Morbidity Survey was conducted in 2006 on a nationally representative sample of population in Malaysia in order to obtain community-based data and information on the prevalence of chronic illness. Of 57,500 eligible respondents 56710 (98.6%) participated in the study. Estimated overall prevalence of chronic illness in the Malaysian population within a recall period of one year was 15.5% (95% CI 15.1% - 15.9%). Chronic illness was reported significantly higher among the females, 16.8% (16.3 - 17.3). The most common chronic illness was hypertension (7.9%, 7.6 - 8.2), followed by diabetes mellitus (4.0%, 3.8 - 4.2) and highest reported by the Indians (19.7%, 18.4 - 21.0). Among the respondents who had sought treatment for chronic illness from government health facilities, Malays (65.8%) and those with monthly household income of less than RM400 (76.6%) were the highest. Chinese (44.5%) and those with household income of RM5000 and above (54.3%) were the highest groups who sought treatment from the private health facilities. Most of the respondents reported mild illness was the main reason for not seeking treatment for their chronic illness. It is hoped that the results of this survey will help the Ministry of Health Malaysia to enhance health programmes and planning resource allocation in order to improve health status of the population.
    Study name: National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS-2006)
    Matched MeSH terms: Morbidity
  16. Anand Kumar A, Rameshkumar G, Ravichandran S, Nagarajan R, Prabakaran K, Ramesh M
    J Parasit Dis, 2017 Mar;41(1):55-61.
    PMID: 28316388 DOI: 10.1007/s12639-016-0749-6
    Isopods occur very commonly as parasites in food fishes. Parasitic isopods are typically marine and usually inhabit the warmer seas. They are blood-feeding; several species settle in the buccal cavity of fish, others live in the gill chamber or on the body surface including the fins. Isopods can cause morbidity and mortality in captive fish populations. The infestation usually pressure atrophy often accompanies the presence of larger parasites. The present study was aimed at collecting information on the neglected group of isopod parasites of the marine fishes from the Miri coastal environment, East Malaysia. A very little information available regarding the distribution of isopod parasites of Malaysian coastal environment. In the present study, nine isopod parasites were  oberved from ten marine fish species. The maximum number of parasites were observed in the months of June and October, 2013. Maximum prevalence was observed in October (50 %) and the minimum was observed in June (7.14 %). The parasitic infestation may lead to an economic loss in commercial fish species.
    Matched MeSH terms: Morbidity
  17. Ang HL, Mohamad Adam B, Tajuddin A, Isnoni I, Suzanna A, Anwar Hau M, et al.
    MyJurnal
    The incidence of hip fractures is increasing within the aging population.We determined the risk factors of in-hospital mortality following hip fracture across major hospitals in Malaysia. This is a retrospective cohort review from 18 hospitals across Malaysia in National Orthopaedic Registry of Malaysia (NORM) . We collected demographic data, prefracture co-morbidities, previous hip fracture, pre-fracture walking ability, fracture type and stability, mechanism of injury, type of management (operative or non-operative), operation types and grade of surgeon. Between 2008 and 2009, 685 patients were admitted with a hip fracture to 18 government hospitals with orthopaedic service. The overall in-hospital mortality was 2.2%. We found more in-hospital mortality in elderly patients and patients with eye and hearing problems as pre-fracture morbidity. In conclusion, patients who were elderly with multiple comorbidities especially those with eye and hearing impairment were had higher risk for immediate mortality
    Matched MeSH terms: Morbidity; Comorbidity
  18. Angeli A, Andrew OS, Qian YZ, Anselm ST, Chang KM, Jameela S, et al.
    Med J Malaysia, 2019 12;74(6):534-536.
    PMID: 31929481
    Haematological cellular structures may be elucidated using automated full blood count (FBC) analysers such as Unicel DxH 800 via cell population data (CPD) analysis. The CPD values are generated by calculating volume, conductivity, and five types of scatter angles of individual cells which would form clusters or populations. This study considered 126 CPD parameter values of 1077 healthy Malaysian adults to develop reference intervals for each CPD parameter. The utility of the CPD reference interval established may range from understanding the normal haematological cellular structures to analysis of distinct cellular features related to the development of haematological disorders and malignancies.
    Matched MeSH terms: Morbidity/trends
  19. Annamalai C, Govindaraja C, Chandramouli C
    N Am J Med Sci, 2011 Dec;3(12):540-3.
    PMID: 22363074 DOI: 10.4297/najms.2011.3540
    Hypertension continues to be a major causative factor contributing to cardiovascular, cerebrovascular and renal morbidity and mortality.
    Matched MeSH terms: Morbidity
  20. Ardakani A, Seghatoleslam T, Habil H, Jameei F, Rashid R, Zahirodin A, et al.
    Iran J Public Health, 2016 Apr;45(4):451-9.
    PMID: 27252914
    Given that validity is the baseline of psychological assessments, there is a need to provide evidence-based data for construct validity of such scales to advance the clinicians for evaluating psychiatric morbidity in psychiatric and psychosomatic setting.
    Matched MeSH terms: Morbidity
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