Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 45 in total

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  1. A case of acute haemorrhagic pancreatitis following consumption of durians and alcohol
    Singh P
    Journal of the Malaya Branch of the British Medical Association, 1941;5:62-3.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pancreatitis, Alcoholic
  2. Fulltext Acute Non-Fulminant Viral Hepatitis E Presenting with Acute Pancreatitis-An Unusual Presentation
    Thakur A, Basu PP
    Malays J Med Sci, 2017 Aug;24(4):102-105.
    PMID: 28951695 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2017.24.4.12
    Acute pancreatitis is considered to be an extremely rare extrahepatic manifestation of acute viral hepatitis E. The incidence is reported to be around 5%-6% in the available case series. It has usually been reported in non-fulminant cases of acute viral hepatitis E in the second or third week of illness, with a favourable outcome. Here, we report the case of a young male subject with acute viral hepatitis E presenting as acute pancreatitis at its onset and exhibiting a prolonged recovery phase. To the authors' knowledge, such a presentation of acute viral hepatitis E as acute pancreatitis at its inception has been only sparsely reported in the available literature.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pancreatitis
  3. Acute haemorrhagic pancreatitis due to Ascaris lumbricoides
    Harrower G
    Malayan Medical Journal, 1933;8:295-8.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pancreatitis
  4. Fulltext Acute pancreatitis in a multi-ethnic population
    Kandasami P, Harunarashid H, Kaur H
    Singapore Med J, 2002 Jun;43(6):284-8.
    PMID: 12380724
    There is very little information in literature describing ethnic variations in etiologic and clinical outcome of acute pancreatitis in the Asian population. This study describes the demographic, etiologic and clinical course of acute pancreatitis among the three main races in Malaysia namely, the Malays, Chinese and Indians. One hundred and thirty-three consecutive patients were admitted for acute pancreatitis for the period January 1994 to July 1999 and they consisted of 77 males and 56 females with a mean age of 43.5 years (SD+/- 14.7). The racial breakdown of acute pancreatitis was: Malays 38 (28.6%), Chinese 19 (14.3%), Indians 75 (56.4%) and 1 (0.8%) patient was an orang asli. The incidence of alcohol association with acute pancreatitis was significantly increased in the males, while gallstone pancreatitis was principally a disease of the female. Alcohol was identified as the predominant factor associated with acute pancreatitis among the Indians (73.3%) and in contrast, gallstone was the commonest associated etiologic factor for the Malays and Chinese. No etiologic factor could be identified in a substantial proportion of the Malay patients (60.5%) when compared to the Chinese (36.8%) and Indians (35%). Severe disease developed in 25% of the cases reviewed but there was no difference in of the rate of severe pancreatitis in terms of ethnic groupings or etiologic factors. The overall mortality rate was 7.5% and the commonest cause of death was multi-organ failure. The study recognises that there are differences in the characteristics of acute pancreatitis among the three major races in the country and this divergence is primarily due to sociocultural habits.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pancreatitis/ethnology*; Pancreatitis/etiology; Pancreatitis/epidemiology
  5. Fulltext Acute pancreatitis in north-eastern peninsular Malaysia: an unusual demographic and aetiological pattern
    Raj SM, Lopez D, Thambidorai CR, Kandasamy P, Toufeeq Khan TF, Mohamad H, et al.
    Singapore Med J, 1995 Aug;36(4):371-4.
    PMID: 8919148
    A survey of 142 cases of acute pancreatitis was undertaken in two major hospitals serving the state of Kelantan in Malaysia. Females outnumbered males by a ratio of more than 3:1. The incidence among females peaked in the third decade of life. Twenty-one percent (23/109) of the females were pregnant. Ultrasonography revealed gallstones in only 9.4% (13/138). However, abnormalities of serum transaminases were found in 35% (35/100), suggesting that occult gallstones or microlithiasis may be the cause in a significant proportion of patients. Alcohol was virtually absent as an aetiological factor. There was a higher frequency of Ascaris infection in this group than a control hospital population (11/35 vs 33/242; p < 0.02) suggesting that ascariasis may be an important cause of acute pancreatitis in Kelantan. Only 8.4% fell into the category of severe pancreatitis. The overall mortality rate was 2.1%.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pancreatitis/etiology*; Pancreatitis/epidemiology
  6. Fulltext Acute pancreatitis with electrocardiographic changes mimicking acute coronary syndrome: a diagnostic conundrum
    Shamala N., Faizal, A.H.
    Medicine & Health, 2018;13(2):195-201.
    MyJurnal
    Electrocardiographic abnormalities can be associated with acute pancreatitis. However, data regarding the actual causative factor still remains elusive. Many previous cases were reported on non-specific ST and T wave abnormalities concurrent with acute pancreatitis but rarely with an increasing trend of cardiac markers. We describe the case of a 70-year-old female who presented with one such conundrum. Our patient had typical presentation of acute pancreatitis but had dynamic ECG changes with markedly increased cardiac markers. Subsequently after initiation of treatment for acute pancreatitis and observation for the course of several days, the ECG returned to the baseline as pre admission. This substantiates the fact that acute pancreatitis can mimic both biochemical and electrical manifestation of an acute coronary syndrome. Thus, Emergency Physicians should consider acute pancreatitis as a possible diagnosis in patients who present with abnormal electrocardiograms.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pancreatitis
  7. Acute pancreatitis: is early CT necessary?
    Ariffin AC, Ngadiron H
    Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg, 2017 12;43(6):883-884.
    PMID: 28936579 DOI: 10.1007/s00068-017-0843-1
    Matched MeSH terms: Pancreatitis*
  8. Asian consensus statements on endoscopic management of walled-off necrosis. Part 2: Endoscopic management
    Isayama H, Nakai Y, Rerknimitr R, Khor C, Lau J, Wang HP, et al.
    J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2016 Sep;31(9):1555-65.
    PMID: 27042957 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.13398
    Walled-off necrosis (WON) is a new term for encapsulated necrotic tissue after severe acute pancreatitis. Various terminologies such as pseudocyst, necroma, pancreatic abscess, and infected necrosis were previously used in the literature, resulting in confusion. The current and past terminologies must be reconciled to meaningfully interpret past data. Recently, endoscopic necrosectomy was introduced as a treatment option and is now preferred over surgical necrosectomy when the expertise is available. However, high-quality evidence is still lacking, and there is no standard management strategy for WON. The consensus meeting aimed to clarify the diagnostic criteria for WON and the role of endoscopic interventions in its management. In the Consensus Conference, 27 experts from eight Asian countries took an active role and examined key clinical aspects of WON diagnosis and endoscopic management. Statements were crafted based on literature review and expert opinion, employing the modified Delphi method. All statements were substantiated by the level of evidence and the strength of the recommendation. We created 27 consensus statements for WON diagnosis and management, including details of endoscopic procedures. When there was not enough solid evidence to support the statements, this was clearly acknowledged to facilitate future research. Proposed management strategies were formulated and are illustrated using flow charts. These recommendations, which are based on the best current scientific evidence and expert opinion, will be useful for guiding endoscopic management of WON. Part 2 of this statement focused on the endoscopic management of WON.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing/diagnosis; Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing/surgery*
  9. Biliary ascariasis: a wandering worm
    Lim, C.B., Munirah, A., Alias, M., Nandy, A.K., Thamby Dorai, C.R.
    Malaysian Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2000;12(1):68-71.
    MyJurnal
    Ascaris lumbricoides infection usually results in mild gastrointestinal symptoms. However, heavy worm load infections can cause major complications. In one-third of the latter cases, the worms enter the bile duct causing cholangitis, biliary colic and acute pancreatitis. We describe an eleven-year-old Indian boy who presented with high grade fever, vomiting of worms, jaundice and right hypochondria! pain. Examination revealed an ill, malnourished and jaundiced child. His abdomen was tender with positive Murphy's sign and hepatomegaly. Urgent ultrasound showed hepatomegaly with dilated intrahepatic and common bile ducts (CBD). There were tubular echogenic filling defects with central sonolucency along the long axis of the CBD. He was fasted, started on intravenous fluids and broad spectrum antibiotics. As there was no improvement after 24 hours, endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreaticography (ERCP) was performed: it showed worms in the CBD. A stent was inserted to decompress the bile ducts and to ensure biliary drainage. The patient improved, the fever settled, jaundice resolved, serum amylase and transaminase levels normalised. It was planned to remove the stent at a later date.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pancreatitis
  10. Calcific pancreatitis: the Indian plague
    Rupa B, Rao GV, Nageshwar R
    Med J Malaysia, 2005 Jul;60 Suppl B:99-100.
    PMID: 16108186
    Matched MeSH terms: Pancreatitis/classification; Pancreatitis/diagnosis*; Pancreatitis/physiopathology
  11. Can Rectal Diclofenac Prevent Post Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography Pancreatitis?
    Lua GW, Muthukaruppan R, Menon J
    Dig Dis Sci, 2015 Oct;60(10):3118-23.
    PMID: 25757446 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-015-3609-9
    BACKGROUND: Non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been shown to reduce the incidence of post endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis (PEP). There were various trials using different routes and dosages of NSAIDs but meta-analysis revealed inconsistent results.

    AIMS: The aims of this study were to determine the efficacy of rectal diclofenac in preventing PEP and to evaluate any adverse events.

    METHODS: This was a randomized, open-label, two-arm, prospective clinical trial. Only patients at high risk of developing PEP were recruited. They received 100 mg rectal diclofenac or no intervention immediately after ERCP. The patients were reviewed 30 days after discharge to evaluate any adverse event.

    RESULTS: Among 144 recruited patients, 69 (47.9%) received diclofenac and 75 (52.1%) had no intervention. Eleven patients (7.6%) developed PEP, in which seven were from the diclofenac group and four were in the control group. Eight cases of PEP (5.5%) were mild and three cases (2.1%) were moderate. The differences in pancreatitis incidence and severity between both groups were not statistically significant. There were 11 adverse events reported. Clinically significant bleeding happened in four patients (2.8%): one from the diclofenac group and three from the control group. Other events included cholangitis: two patients (2.9%) from the diclofenac group and four (5.3%) from the control group. One patient from the diclofenac group (1.4%) had a perforation which was treated conservatively.

    CONCLUSIONS: In summary, prophylactic rectal diclofenac did not significantly decrease the incidence of PEP among patients at high risk for developing PEP. However, the administration of diclofenac was fairly safe with few clinical adverse events.

    Matched MeSH terms: Pancreatitis/etiology; Pancreatitis/prevention & control*
  12. Fulltext Characteristics of acute pancreatitis in University Kebangsaan Malaysia
    Nadesan S, Qureshi A, Daud A, Ahmad H
    Med J Malaysia, 1999 Jun;54(2):235-41.
    PMID: 10972035
    We analyzed the characteristics of patients presenting with acute pancreatitis to our unit. A total of 71 patients were admitted to the Surgical Department at University Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) over a period of seven years, between January 1990 to December 1996 with acute pancreatitis. There was a fourfold increase in incidence of acute pancreatitis in our hospital from January 1990 to December 1996. The commonest identifiable aetiology was gallstones followed by alcohol. There were two deaths. We conclude that acute pancreatitis is increasingly being diagnosed in our local population. This may be due to either greater awareness or changes in lifestyle of the population.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pancreatitis/complications*; Pancreatitis/epidemiology; Pancreatitis/surgery
  13. Chronic pancreatitis: aetiology, epidemiology and clinical presentation
    Goh KL
    Med J Malaysia, 2005 Jul;60 Suppl B:94-8.
    PMID: 16108185
    Chronic pancreatitis is a difficult disease to treat. Worldwide, alcohol is the most common aetiology but based on recent studies it is clear that genetic susceptibility plays an important role in determining disease. Several important genetic mutations have been identified. The prevalence of chronic pancreatitis appears to be lower in Asia although very high rates have been reported in parts of India. Severe intractable pain is the predominant presenting complaint of patients. The natural history of the disease and the onset of exocrine and endocrine insufficiency depend on the classification of disease as early onset, late-onset or alcohol associated. Complications of chronic pancreatitis are important and include pseudocyst formation, bile duct and duodenal strictures.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pancreatitis/diagnosis*; Pancreatitis/etiology; Pancreatitis/epidemiology
  14. Fulltext Combined laparoscopic cholecystectomy and drainage of pancreatic pseudocyst: a case report and review of current management
    Che Jusoh MA, Hassan J, Mohd Nor R, Kong CF, Zahirah Awang NF
    Med J Malaysia, 2013 Jun;68(3):273-4.
    PMID: 23749024 MyJurnal
    Pancreatic pseudocyst is a well recognized complication of acute or chronic pancreatitis. Active treatment (surgical or endoscopic) has been recommended if the pseudocyst persists for more than 6 weeks after the diagnosis. Open trans-abdominal drainage was initially the mainstay treatment for it. However, over the past decade, laparoscopic techniques have been developed to provide patient with minimal access alternative. We report a case of a large symptomatic pseudocyst which developed following attack of severe gallstone pancreatitis. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy and cysto-gastrostomy were done at the same sitting. The operative technique is briefly explained.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pancreatitis
  15. Fulltext Comparative study of acute pancreatitis in different ethnic populations in a Malaysian public hospital
    Thamilselvam, P., Premkumar, D., Haridass, G.
    JUMMEC, 2008;11(1):18-21.
    MyJurnal
    Malaysia is a country consisting of people of Malay, Chinese and Indian ethnic origin and also of some Indonesian and Thai population. In this study of acute pancreatitis, the age group, sex incidence, clinical
    features, complications and treatment were compared between different ethnic groups. A total of fifty-four consecutive patients admitted in Sungai Petani Hospital, Kedah, Malaysia with acute pancreatitis from 2002 to 2004 were taken for this study. There were 29 males and 25 females. The 40–60 years age group was more commonly involved. The common factors associated with acute pancreatitis were alcohol intake in males and biliary disease in females. Two females suffered from acute pancreatitis following endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). One of the 54 cases died due to multi-organ failure.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pancreatitis
  16. Comparison of complication outcomes in acute pancreatitis following ERCP and conservative management at UKM medical centre: a six years retrospective study
    Zamri Z, Razman J
    Clin Ter, 2012 Nov;163(6):467-71.
    PMID: 23306739
    Acute pancreatitis is one of the common reasons for surgical admission. It is a potentially lethal disease that is increasing in its incidence. The most common causes of acute pancreatitis is from gallstones and alcohol. Other causes of acute pancreatitis include hypertriglyceridaemia, hyperparathyroidism, pancreatic malignancy, Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), trauma, infectious agents, drugs, autoimmunity, and hereditary. The treatment of acute pancreatitis is mainly supportive. The complication of ERCP in acute pancreatitis can be divided into local complication (pancreatic abscess, pseudocyst), systemic complications (renal failure, respiratory failure, cardiogenic shock) and biliary sepsis (acute cholangitis and acute cholecystitis). However, early ERCP and possible sphincterotomy should be kept in mind for patients with severe disease and biliary obstruction who are not improving with medical therapy. This study is done to compare the complication rate of ERCP and conservative management in acute pancreatitis for past 6 years in Pusat Perubatan UKM.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pancreatitis/complications*
  17. Fulltext Do pancreatic cancer and chronic pancreatitis share the same genetic risk factors? A PANcreatic Disease ReseArch (PANDoRA) consortium investigation
    Campa D, Pastore M, Capurso G, Hackert T, Di Leo M, Izbicki JR, et al.
    Int J Cancer, 2018 01 15;142(2):290-296.
    PMID: 28913878 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31047
    Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a very aggressive tumor with a five-year survival of less than 6%. Chronic pancreatitis (CP), an inflammatory process in of the pancreas, is a strong risk factor for PDAC. Several genetic polymorphisms have been discovered as susceptibility loci for both CP and PDAC. Since CP and PDAC share a consistent number of epidemiologic risk factors, the aim of this study was to investigate whether specific CP risk loci also contribute to PDAC susceptibility. We selected five common SNPs (rs11988997, rs379742, rs10273639, rs2995271 and rs12688220) that were identified as susceptibility markers for CP and analyzed them in 2,914 PDAC cases, 356 CP cases and 5,596 controls retrospectively collected in the context of the international PANDoRA consortium. We found a weak association between the minor allele of the PRSS1-PRSS2-rs10273639 and an increased risk of developing PDAC (ORhomozygous  = 1.19, 95% CI 1.02-1.38, p = 0.023). Additionally all the SNPs confirmed statistically significant associations with risk of developing CP, the strongest being PRSS1-PRSS2-rs10273639 (ORheterozygous  = 0.51, 95% CI 0.39-0.67, p = 1.10 × 10-6 ) and MORC4-rs 12837024 (ORhomozygous  = 2.07 (1.55-2.77, ptrend  = 0.7 × 10-11 ). Taken together, the results from our study do not support variants rs11988997, rs379742, rs10273639, rs2995271 and rs12688220 as strong predictors of PDAC risk, but further support the role of these SNPs in CP susceptibility. Our study suggests that CP and PDAC probably do not share genetic susceptibility, at least in terms of high frequency variants.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pancreatitis, Chronic/genetics*; Pancreatitis, Chronic/pathology
  18. ERCP induced complications
    Rupa B, Rao GV, Nageshwar DR
    Med J Malaysia, 2005 Jul;60 Suppl B:140.
    PMID: 16108197
    Matched MeSH terms: Pancreatitis/etiology
  19. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography for acute gallstone pancreatitis: Implementation of an institution safety protocol during the COVID-19 outbreak in Malaysia
    Yusoff AR, Ahmad F, Obaid KJ
    Med J Malaysia, 2020 11;75(6):764-766.
    PMID: 33219198
    Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a highly contagious, severe acute respiratory syndrome that poses significant health risks to healthcare providers. A delicate balance is needed between timely intervention for ill patients without apparent COVID-19 infection and the safety of healthcare personnel who provide essential treatment in the midst of the pandemic. We report our experience managing a 70-year-old man who presented with acute gallstone pancreatitis at our hospital during the COVID-19 outbreak in Malaysia. We also describe the safety protocol measures that have been implemented in our institution to protect the healthcare personnel from this disease during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. This case illustrates the importance of meticulous planning, risk assessment, effective team communication and strict adherence to recommendations when providing treatment during an unprecedented pandemic.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pancreatitis/epidemiology; Pancreatitis/therapy*
  20. Fulltext Enteral Nutrition In Intensive Care: ‘Tiger Tube’ – For Small Bowel Feeding In Acute Pancreatitis. Case Report
    Mohd Basri bin Mat Nor
    International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2007;6(1):1-6.
    MyJurnal
    Nutritional support is vital in improving the clinical outcomes of the critically ill patients. Almost all published guidelines regarding nutritional support in the critically ill recommend the use of enteral nutrition over parenteral nutrition. In acute pancreatitis, trial of enteral feeding should be given into the small bowel. The success rate of small bowel feeding tube is highest if inserted endoscopically. In this case report, a simple bedside procedure which did not require endoscopic feeding tube placement offered a good alternative. Self advancing small bowel feeding tube, Tiger tube was inserted successfully to provide nutritional support in moderately severe acute pancreatitis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pancreatitis
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