Displaying all 19 publications

Abstract:
Sort:
  1. Fulltext A Review of Medical Doppler Ultrasonography of Blood Flow in General and Especially in Common Carotid Artery
    Oglat AA, Matjafri MZ, Suardi N, Oqlat MA, Abdelrahman MA, Oqlat AA
    J Med Ultrasound, 2018 03 28;26(1):3-13.
    PMID: 30065507 DOI: 10.4103/JMU.JMU_11_17
    Medical Doppler ultrasound is usually utilized in the clinical adjusting to evaluate and estimate blood flow in both the major (large) and the minor (tiny) vessels of the body. The normal and abnormal sign waveforms can be shown by spectral Doppler technique. The sign waveform is individual to each vessel. Thus, it is significant for the operator and the clinicians to understand the normal and abnormal diagnostic in a spectral Doppler show. The aim of this review is to explain the physical principles behind the medical Doppler ultrasound, also, to use some of the mathematical formulas utilized in the medical Doppler ultrasound examination. Furthermore, we discussed the color and spectral flow model of Doppler ultrasound. Finally, we explained spectral Doppler sign waveforms to show both the normal and abnormal signs waveforms that are individual to the common carotid artery, because these signs are important for both the radiologist and sonographer to perceive both the normal and abnormal in a spectral Doppler show.
    Matched MeSH terms: Carotid Artery, Common
  2. Migrating foreign body into the common carotid artery and internal jugular vein--a rare case
    Tang IP, Singh S, Shoba N, Rahmat O, Shivalingam S, Gopala KG, et al.
    Auris Nasus Larynx, 2009 Jun;36(3):380-2.
    PMID: 19019597 DOI: 10.1016/j.anl.2008.08.003
    Ingested foreign bodies are a fairly common otorhinolaryngological emergencies encountered in Malaysia. The vast majority of these foreign bodies are fish bones which most commonly are impacted at the level of the cricopharynx. Rarely, however, a foreign body may migrate extraluminally and may even extrude subcutaneously. We report a rare occurrence where a fish bone not only migrated extraluminally, it was found to have migrated into the common carotid artery and the internal jugular vein and required surgical removal.
    Matched MeSH terms: Carotid Artery, Common/radiography*; Carotid Artery, Common/surgery
  3. Fulltext Variations of the origin and branches of the external carotid artery in a human cadaver
    Thwin SS, Soe MM, Myint M, Than M, Lwin S
    Singapore Med J, 2010 Feb;51(2):e40-2.
    PMID: 20358142
    We report a unique variation in the origin and branches of both the left and right external carotid artery (ECA) found during the dissection of a human cadaver. Knowledge of the possible anatomical variations of the ECA is especially important in facio-maxillary and neck surgeries. Surgeons need to be aware of the possibility of encountering such variations, as they may lead to difficulties in differentiating between the external and internal carotid arteries, and in identifying the branches and origins. This knowledge is also important for radiologists in the image interpretation of the face and neck regions.
    Matched MeSH terms: Carotid Artery, Common/abnormalities; Carotid Artery, Common/anatomy & histology
  4. Fulltext Supraclinoid direct carotid-cavernous sinus fistula
    Che Ani MF, Kumar R, Md Noh MSF, Muda AS
    BJR Case Rep, 2018 Mar;4(3):20170058.
    PMID: 31489208 DOI: 10.1259/bjrcr.20170058
    Carotid-cavernous fistulas (CCFs) are vascular shunts between the carotid arterial system with direct drainage into the cerebral venous system, mainly to the cavernous sinus. Direct CCF is a well-recognised complication following head trauma. Classically in direct or traumatic CCF, vessel wall tear occurs at the cavernous segment of the internal carotid artery, between the fixed and free segment. Tears at the supraclinoid segment are rare. We report a case of an internal carotid artery supraclinoid segment pseudoaneurysm, with a direct communication with the cavernous sinus, draining into the superior ophthalmic vein.
    Matched MeSH terms: Carotid Artery, Common
  5. Fulltext Extracranial carotid aneurysm secondary to Takayasu Arteritis (TA): a rare complication
    Irfan Mohamad, Ikhwan Sani Mohamad, Prahalad Ramanathan, Win Mar@Salmah
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2015;11(2):89-92.
    MyJurnal
    Extracranial aneurysms are a rare presentation accounting for only less than 5% of all peripheral artery
    aneurysms. The left common carotid artery aneurysm is considered even rarer. We present a case of a 46-year-old gentleman who presented to casualty unit with a neck mass, stridor and acute respiratory distress. Prior to this admission patient was being investigated for Takayasu arteritis (TA). Patient was subsequently intubated due to respiratory compromise. A CT angiography of the thorax was done
    showed a proximal left common carotid artery aneurysm with contained leakage of aneurysm with
    severe compression of the trachea. Patient was subsequently transferred to the vascular team in National Heart Institute for further management.
    Matched MeSH terms: Carotid Artery, Common
  6. A study of the factors related to intima-media thickness of the common carotid artery amongst rural middle age individuals in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia
    Yunus R, Ariff AR, Shuaib IL, Jelani AM, Alias NA, Abdullah J, et al.
    Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 2006 Jul;37(4):806-11.
    PMID: 17121310
    There is very little data regarding the factors related to intima-media thickness (IMT) of the common carotid artery in normal individuals in those with non-insulin diabetes mellitus and perimenopausal women in Southeast Asian countries. Ultrasound imaging evaluating the carotid artery IMT in those with diabetes and those on hormone replacement therapy (HRT) was performed beginning in August 2000 for a period of nearly two years at the Department of Radiology, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia. A total of 153 participants were included. Significant differences between the women on HRT and not on HRT were IMT and systolic blood pressure. When comparing those with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and normal individuals, the significant differences were IMT, total cholesterol level, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure. IMT was high in those with NIDDM but not in those on HRT. Both those with NIDDM and those on HRT had associated dyslipidemia and systolic hypertension.
    Matched MeSH terms: Carotid Artery, Common/ultrasonography*
  7. Fulltext Measurement of intima-media thickness of common carotid arteries using ultrasound in patients with familial and non-familial hypercholesterolaemia and correlation of intima-media thickness to obesity
    Nafikudin M, Nawawi H, Muid S, Annuar R, Yusoff K, Khalid BAK
    Med J Malaysia, 2003 Dec;58(5):647-52.
    PMID: 15190648
    Ultrasonographic measurements of the intima-media thickness (IMT) of common carotid arteries (CCA) were taken in 50 patients with familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) and 57 patients with non-familial hypercholesterolemia (NFH). The lipid profile, body mass index (BMI) and waist-hip ratio (WHR) of each patient were recorded. In FH patients, the IMT was significantly higher in overweight and elevated WHR subgroups compared to the normal with significant correlations between BMI and WHR to the IMT. In NFH patients, the IMT was significantly higher in the elevated WHR compared to the normal subgroup but the correlations between either BMI or WHR to IMT were insignificant. These suggest that the environmentally modified anthropometric indices may have an effect on atherosclerosis in genetically determined hypercholesterolaemia in FH patients.
    Matched MeSH terms: Carotid Artery, Common/ultrastructure*
  8. Fulltext Unexpected complication of arteriovenous fistula of the left common carotid to internal jugular vein following central venous catheterization
    Henry TCL, Huei TJ, Yuzaidi M, Safri LS, Krishna K, Rizal IA, et al.
    Chin J Traumatol, 2020 Feb;23(1):29-31.
    PMID: 31744657 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjtee.2019.10.001
    Incidence of inadvertent arterial puncture secondary to central venous catheter insertion is not common with an arterial puncture rate of <1%. This is due to the advancements and wide availability of ultrasound to guide its insertion. Formation of arteriovenous fistula after arterial puncture is an unexpected complication. Till date, only five cases (including this case) of acquired arteriovenous fistula formation has been described due to inadvertent common carotid puncture. The present case is a 26-year-old man sustained traumatic brain injuries, chest injuries and multiple bony fractures. During resuscitative phase, attempts at left central venous catheter via left internal jugular vein under ultrasound guidance resulted in inadvertent puncture into the left common carotid artery. Surgical neck exploration revealed that the catheter had punctured through the left internal jugular vein into the common carotid artery with formation of arteriovenous fistula. The catheter was removed successfully and common carotid artery was repaired. Postoperatively, the patient recovered and clinic visits revealed no neurological deficits. From our literature review, the safest method for removal is via endovascular and open surgical removal. The pull/push technique (direct removal with compression) is not recommended due to the high risk for stroke, bleeding and hematoma formation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Carotid Artery, Common/abnormalities*
  9. Fulltext A Rare Differential Diagnosis of a Solitary Anterior Neck Mass
    Saniasiaya J, Mohamad I
    Oman Med J, 2016 Sep;31(5):384-6.
    PMID: 27602195 DOI: 10.5001/omj.2016.76
    Patients with anterior neck masses commonly present to otorhinolaryngology clinics, but there are limited differential diagnoses for such lesions. Common ones include thyroid nodule and thyroglossal duct cyst. In an elderly patient, a differentiated thyroid carcinoma should be suspected especially if it moves with swallowing. We encountered a typical presentation of a solitary thyroid nodule-like mass with the exception of pulsation in a 65-year-old female. Further investigation, using neck ultrasonography, revealed that it was a variant of right common carotid artery arising from the left common carotid artery. Knowledge of such variants is of great importance as ignorance of such a variation may lead to inadvertent surgical complications during procedures.
    Matched MeSH terms: Carotid Artery, Common
  10. Fatal penetrating neck injury due to defective airbag inflator
    Jothee S, Shafie MS, Mohd Nor F
    Forensic Sci Int, 2018 Aug 31.
    PMID: 30217665 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2018.08.038
    We present a case of a fatal motor vehicle collision of a 22-year-old car driver, who died at the scene after losing control of his car, and subsequently collided with a tree by the roadside. The subsequent autopsy revealed penetrating injuries on the neck, severing the larynx, carotid artery, jugular vein and fracturing the cervical vertebrae. Internal examination showed the offending material to be a semi-cylindrical metal fragment, which had lodged within the paravertebral muscle. Examination of the car with the authorities found that the metal fragment originated from a defective airbag booster cannister, which shattered upon deployment.
    Matched MeSH terms: Carotid Artery, Common
  11. Migrating fish bone piercing the common carotid artery, thyroid gland and causing deep neck abscess
    Johari HH, Khaw BL, Yusof Z, Mohamad I
    World J Clin Cases, 2016 Nov 16;4(11):375-379.
    PMID: 27900327
    Foreign body (FB) ingestion is very common in Malaysian population. The most commonly ingested FB is fish bone. Common presenting symptoms include FB sensation, odynophagia and or sharp pricking pain during swallowing. A careful history and physical examination is very important. Despite negative laryngoscopy and rigid esophagoscopy, persistent symptoms warrants further radiographic imaging studies. The FB can migrate extraluminally and involve other important adjacent structures of the neck and along the digestive tract. We report 3 cases of extraluminal migration of fish bone and their complications, which were successfully managed. One case with vascular complication which involve common carotid artery and the other two cases with neck abscess formation involving thyroid gland, retropharyngeal and parapharyngeal abscess.
    Matched MeSH terms: Carotid Artery, Common
  12. Radiation effects on the intima-media thickness of the common carotid artery in post-radiotherapy patients with head and neck malignancy
    Shariat M, Alias NA, Biswal BM
    Postgrad Med J, 2008 Nov;84(997):609-12.
    PMID: 19103820 DOI: 10.1136/pgmj.2008.068569
    Post-radiation large vessel injury has not received as much attention as microvascular irradiation injury. A few studies have shown that common carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) is increased after radiotherapy to the head and neck. However, in most of these studies, the irradiated subjects also had other major risk factors for atherosclerosis. In this study, irradiated subjects with major risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, history of previous cerebrovascular accident and connective tissue disorder were excluded.
    Matched MeSH terms: Carotid Artery, Common/radiation effects*
  13. Fulltext Influence of visceral fat and blood pressure on changes in blood flow velocity in non-obese individuals
    Rasyada AR, Sha'ban M, Azhim A
    Cardiovasc J Afr, 2018;29(3):146-149.
    PMID: 30067273 DOI: 10.5830/CVJA-2018-001
    INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of different visceral fat (VF) and blood pressure (BP) levels on changes in blood flow velocity (BFV) among non-obese subjects, using a cross-sectional study approach.

    METHODS: A total of 110 putatively healthy and non-obese subjects were divided into three groups according to their level of VF and BP. Common carotid artery BFV was measured using a developed portable Doppler ultrasound measurement system.

    RESULTS: The most pronounced peak systolic velocity (S1) was lower (p < 0.05) in the hypertensive group and the peak diastolic velocity (D) was significantly lower in the pre-hypertensive group than in the normotensive group. There were differences in velocity reflection and resistive indices between the hypertensive and other two BP groups. The higher VF group had significantly lower S1 and D velocities and resistive and vascular elasticity indices. By contrast, the velocity reflection index was larger in the higher VF group.

    CONCLUSIONS: We confirmed that there were significant differences in the BFV among non-obese subjects who differed in level of VF and BP. This study confirms that a putatively increasing VF and BP level is associated with the development of hypertension.

    Matched MeSH terms: Carotid Artery, Common/physiopathology*
  14. Fulltext Carotid intima media thickness and high sensitivity C-reactive protein as markers of cardiovascular risk in a Malaysian population
    Chua SK, Kilung A, Ong TK, Fong AY, Yew KL, Khiew NZ, et al.
    Med J Malaysia, 2014 Aug;69(4):166-74.
    PMID: 25500844 MyJurnal
    INTRODUCTION: Carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) being a cost effective and easily performed technique is useful in the detection of subclinical atherosclerosis and has been shown to be a prognosticator of cardiovascular events. The primary objective of this study was to obtain the distribution of CIMT measurements, highly sensitive C reactive protein (hs-CRP) and assessing health awareness and attitudes of the Malaysian population at cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and not receiving lipid lowering agents. Secondarily the study sought to assess the significance of the relationship between these measurements against various patient characteristics.

    METHODS: Measurements of CIMT are obtained by ultrasonography of 12 sites within the common carotid artery was recorded for 123 subjects from a single centre tertiary hospital of Malaysia who had two or more CVD risk factors but were not receiving lipid lowering therapy. CVD risk factors and lipid and glucose profiles were analyzed with respect to distribution of CIMT and high-sensitivity Creactive protein (hs-CRP) values.

    RESULTS: The mean-max CIMT was 0.916±0.129mm (minimum 0.630mm, maximum 1.28mm) and the mean-mean CIMT was 0.743±0.110mm (minimum 0.482mm, maximum 1.050mm) and mean hs-CRP was 0.191mg/dL (minimum 0.030mg/dL, maximum 5.440mg/dL). Multivariate analyses confirmed a significant association between increasing CIMT and increasing age, total and low density lipoprotein cholesterol while log-transformed hs-CRP levels showed significant association with increasing body mass index, waist circumference, high blood glucose and triglyceride levels. Our patients had good health awareness on CVD.

    CONCLUSION: Newly defined CIMT measurements and hs-CRP levels may be useful adjunctive tools to screen for atherosclerosis in the Malaysian population. It may help in refining risk stratification on top of traditional clinical assessment.
    Matched MeSH terms: Carotid Artery, Common
  15. Fulltext Efficacy of choline and DHA supplements or enriched environment exposure during early adult obesity in mitigating its adverse impact through aging in rats
    Prabhu GS, Prasad K, K G MR, Rai KS
    Saudi J Biol Sci, 2021 Apr;28(4):2396-2407.
    PMID: 33911955 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.01.037
    Introduction: The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of choline and DHA or exposure to environmental enrichment in obese adult and aging rats on alterations in body mass index, serum lipid profile and arterial wall changes, despite stopping high fat diet consumption and interventions during adulthood.

    Methods: 21 day old male Sprague Dawley rats were assigned as Experiment-1 & 2 - PND rats were divided into 4 groups with interventions for 7 months (n = 8/group). NC- Normal control fed normal chow diet; OB- Obese group, fed high fat diet; OB + CHO + DHA- fed high fat diet and oral supplementation of choline, DHA. OB + EE- fed high fat diet along with exposure to enriched environment .Experiment-2 had similar groups and interventions as experiment 1 but for next 5 months were fed normal chow diet without any interventions. Body mass index was assessed and blood was analyzed for serum lipid profile. Common Carotid Artery (CCA) was processed for Haematoxylin and eosin, Verhoff Vangeison stains. Images of tissue sections were analyzed and quantified using image J and tissue quant software.

    Results: In experiment.1, mean body mass index (p 

    Matched MeSH terms: Carotid Artery, Common
  16. Fulltext Lipid Peroxidation in Chronic Cerebral HypoperfusionInduced Neurodegeneration in Rats
    Anil Kumar, S., Saif, S.A., Oothuman, P., Mustafa, M.I.A.
    International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2011;10(2):3-6.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Reduced cerebral blood fl ow is associated with neurodegenerative disorders and dementia, in particular. Experimental evidence has demonstrated the initiating role of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion in neuronal damage to the hippocampus, the cerebral cortex, the white matter areas and the visual system. Permanent, bilateral occlusion of the common carotid arteries of rats (two vessel occlusion - 2VO) has been introduced for the reproduction of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion as it occurs in Alzheimer’s disease and human aging. Increased generation of free radicals through lipid peroxidation can damage neuronal cell membrane. Markers of lipid peroxidation have been found to be elevated in brain tissues and body fl uids in neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Materials and Methods: Malondialdehyde (MDA), fi nal product of lipid peroxidation, was estimated by thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) assay kit at eight weeks after induction of 2VO in the rats and control group. Results: Our study revealed a highly signifi cant (p
    Matched MeSH terms: Carotid Artery, Common
  17. Fulltext Challenges in the management of massive intraorbital and hemifacial arteriovenous malformation as causing life-threatening epistaxis
    Manuel AM, Kalimuthu S, Pathmanathan SS, Narayanan P, Zainal Abidin Z, Azmi K, et al.
    Asian J Surg, 2017 Apr;40(2):158-162.
    PMID: 24210537 DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2013.09.011
    Arteriovenous malformations are congenital lesions that may evolve with time and manifest in a plethora of presentations. They can occur as torrential epistaxis when it extensively involves the facial region. Multi-imaging modalities are available to assist in characterizing the structure of the lesion as well as its location and extent. This complex disease requires a multidisciplinary team approach with preoperative embolization and surgery. We present a rare cause of life-threatening epistaxis in a gentleman with a longstanding orbital and hemifacial arteriovenous malformation and discuss the complexities involved in its management.
    Matched MeSH terms: Carotid Artery, Common/abnormalities*
  18. Delayed ascending aortic dissection following off-pump coronary bypass surgery in preexisting stanford B dissection
    Rahman MR, Min JO, Dimon MZ
    Heart Surg Forum, 2010 Aug;13(4):E273-4.
    PMID: 20719738 DOI: 10.1532/HSF98.20101001
    Delayed ascending aortic dissection following coronary artery bypass surgery is a rare but lethal complication. We present the case of a 54-year-old man with a delayed acute Stanford A aortic dissection following an off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery in preexisting chronic type B disease. Such a case of an iatrogenic acute aortic dissection poses a significant challenge and dilemma in choosing the best technique for coronary revascularization in this group of patients. The pathophysiology and technical options are discussed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Carotid Artery, Common/radiography
  19. Predictors of thickened carotid intima media thickness among well controlled lupus nephritis patients in a Malaysian tertiary centre
    Shaharir SS, Mohamed Said MS, Kong NC
    Reumatismo, 2012;64(6):341-9.
    PMID: 23285477 DOI: 10.4081/reumatismo.2012.341
    OBJECTIVES: To investigate the prevalence of thickened carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) and its associated risk factors in patients with lupus nephritis (LN) who were in remission.
    METHODS: This was a cross sectional study in which consecutive LN patients who were in remission and attending our Nephrology/SLE Clinic were included. Their demographic profile, traditional cardiovascular risk factors and treatment medications were evaluated by clinical interview and review of medical records. Carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) was measured using B Mode carotid ultrasonography. CIMT was considered to be abnormally thickened if it exceeded the 75th percentile matched for age-and sex-matched normal controls. The associated factors for thickened CIMT were examined.
    RESULTS: A total of 39 patients with a mean remission duration of 29 ± 24.3 months and on a mean prednisolone dose of 9.10 ± 7.83 mg daily completed the study. Six patients (15.4%) had thickened CIMT. On univariate analysis, male gender, patient age, older age at diagnosis, higher serum CRP levels, greater proteinuria and higher mean cumulative azathioprine dose were associated with thickened CIMT (P<0.05). Lower mean cumulative doses of cyclosporine A (CyA) and mycophenolic acid (MPA) (P<0.05) each were associated with thickened CIMT. Using regression analysis, the associated factors of CIMT were older age at diagnosis and proteinuria.
    CONCLUSIONS: Lupus factors particularly age at diagnosis and proteinuria were the associated factors of thickened CIMT. Larger prospective trials are indicated to confirm our findings.
    Matched MeSH terms: Carotid Artery, Common/pathology
Related Terms
Filters
Contact Us

Please provide feedback to Administrator (afdal@afpm.org.my)

External Links