Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 248 in total

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  1. Fulltext Self-nanoemulsifying Delivery of Andrographolide: Ameliorating Islet Beta Cells and Inhibiting Adipocyte Differentiation
    Syukri Y, Taher M, Martien R, Lukitaningsih E, Nugroho AE, Zakaria ZA
    Adv Pharm Bull, 2021 Jan;11(1):171-180.
    PMID: 33747864 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2021.018
    Purpose:
    Insulin resistance is a characteristic of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus associated with obesity and caused by the failure of pancreatic beta cells to secrete sufficient amount of insulin. Andrographolide (AND) improves beta-cell reconstruction and inhibits fat-cell formation. This research aimed to improve the delivery of water-insoluble AND in self-nanoemulsifying (ASNE) formulation, tested in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats and 3T3-L1 preadipocyte cells.
    Methods:
    A conventional formulation of AND in suspension was used as a control. The experimental rats were orally administered with self-nanoemulsifying (SNE) and suspension of AND for 8 days. Measurements were performed to evaluate blood glucose levels in preprandial and postprandial conditions. Immunohistochemistry was used to assess the process of islet beta cell reconstruction. In vitro study was performed using cell viability and adipocyte differentiation assay to determine the delivery of AND in the formulation.
    Results:
    ASNE lowered blood glucose levels (day 4) faster than AND suspension (day 6). The histological testing showed that ASNE could regenerate pancreatic beta cells. Therefore, ASNE ameliorated pancreatic beta cells. The in vitro evaluation indicated the inhibition of adipocyte differentiation by both AND and ASNE, which occurred in a time-dependent manner. ASNE formulation had better delivery than AND.
    Conclusion:
    ASNE could improve the antidiabetic activity by lowering blood glucose levels, enhancing pancreatic beta cells, and inhibiting lipid formation in adipocyte cells.
    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental
  2. Fulltext The Antioxidative Role of Natural Compounds from a Green Coconut Mesocarp Undeniably Contributes to Control Diabetic Complications as Evidenced by the Associated Genes and Biochemical Indexes
    Das RR, Rahman MA, Al-Araby SQ, Islam MS, Rashid MM, Babteen NA, et al.
    Oxid Med Cell Longev, 2021;2021:9711176.
    PMID: 34367469 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9711176
    The purpose of this study was to look into the effects of green coconut mesocarp juice extract (CMJE) on diabetes-related problems in streptozotocin- (STZ-) induced type 2 diabetes, as well as the antioxidative functions of its natural compounds in regulating the associated genes and biochemical markers. CMJE's antioxidative properties were evaluated by the standard antioxidant assays of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), superoxide radical, nitric oxide, and ferrous ions along with the total phenolic and flavonoids content. The α-amylase inhibitory effect was measured by an established method. The antidiabetic effect of CMJE was assayed by fructose-fed STZ-induced diabetic models in albino rats. The obtained results were verified by bioinformatics-based network pharmacological tools: STITCH, STRING, GSEA, and Cytoscape plugin cytoHubba bioinformatics tools. The results showed that GC-MS-characterized compounds from CMJE displayed a very promising antioxidative potential. In an animal model study, CMJE significantly (P < 0.05) decreased blood glucose, serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatinine, uric acid, and lipid levels and increased glucose tolerance as well as glucose homeostasis (HOMA-IR and HOMA-b scores). The animal's body weights and relative organ weights were found to be partially restored. Tissue architectures of the pancreas and the kidney were remarkably improved by low doses of CMJE. Compound-protein interactions showed that thymine, catechol, and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural of CMJE interacted with 84 target proteins. Of the top 15 proteins found by Cytoscape 3.6.1, 8, CAT and OGG1 (downregulated) and CASP3, COMT, CYP1B1, DPYD, NQO1, and PTGS1 (upregulated), were dysregulated in diabetes-related kidney disease. The data demonstrate the highly prospective use of CMJE in the regulation of tubulointerstitial tissues of patients with diabetic nephropathy.
    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/complications*
  3. Fulltext Histological changes in the heart and the proximal aorta in experimental diabetic rats fed with Piper sarmentsoum
    Thent ZC, Lin TS, Das S, Zakaria Z
    Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med, 2012;9(3):396-404.
    PMID: 23983373
    Cardiovascular complications are one of the major causes of death in diabetes mellitus. Piper sarmentosum (P.s) is an herb that possesses antihyperglycaemic effects. The main aim of the study was to observe the histological changes in the heart and the proximal aorta of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats following P.s administration. Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats (n=24) were equally randomized into four groups: control group supplemented with normal saline (C); control group supplemented with P.s (CTx) ; diabetic group supplemented with normal saline (D) and, diabetic group supplemented with P.s (DTx). Diabetes was induced by STZ (50mg/kg body weight) intramuscularly. P.s extract (0.125g/kg) was administered orally for 28 days, following four weeks of STZ induction. The cardiac and aortic tissues were collected and processed under different stains: Haematoxylin and Eosin (H & E), Verhoeff-Van Gieson (VVG), Masson's Trichome (MT) and Periodic Acid- Schiff (PAS). There were abnormal cardiomyocytes nuclei, disarray of myofibres and increase in connective tissue deposits in cardiac tissues of the diabetic untreated group. The thickness of tunica media and ratio of tunica intima to media were found to be significantly increased in the aorta of diabetic untreated group (P < 0.05) compared to the control group. There were degenerative changes in the proximal aorta in diabetic untreated groups. All the histological damages of cardiac and aortic tissues were found to be lesser in the diabetic treated groups. Supplementation with P.s extract prevented the oxidative damage arising from diabetes mellitus, and reduced its complications.
    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/drug therapy*; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology
  4. Fulltext The protective effect of aqueous extracts of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L. UKMR-2) against red blood cell membrane oxidative stress in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes
    Mohamed J, Shing SW, Idris MH, Budin SB, Zainalabidin S
    Clinics (Sao Paulo), 2013 Oct;68(10):1358-63.
    PMID: 24212844 DOI: 10.6061/clinics/2013(10)11
    OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of aqueous extracts of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L. UKMR-2) against red blood cell (RBC) membrane oxidative stress in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes.

    METHODS: Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 230-250 g were randomly divided into four groups (n = 10 rats each): control group (N), roselle-treated control group, diabetic group, and roselle-treated diabetic group. Roselle was administered by force-feeding with aqueous extracts of roselle (100 mg/kg body weight) for 28 days.

    RESULTS: The results demonstrated that the malondialdehyde levels of the red blood cell membranes in the diabetic group were significantly higher than the levels in the roselle-treated control and roselle-treated diabetic groups. The protein carbonyl level was significantly higher in the roselle-treated diabetic group than in the roselle-treated control group but lower than that in the diabetic group. A significant increase in the red blood cell membrane superoxide dismutase enzyme was found in roselle-treated diabetic rats compared with roselle-treated control rats and diabetic rats. The total protein level of the red blood cell membrane, osmotic fragility, and red blood cell morphology were maintained.

    CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrates that aqueous extracts of roselle possess a protective effect against red blood cell membrane oxidative stress in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. These data suggest that roselle can be used as a natural antioxidative supplement in the prevention of oxidative damage in diabetic patients.

    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/chemically induced; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism*
  5. Fulltext Antihyperglycemic activity of oil palm elaeis guineensis fruit extract on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
    Faez Sharif, Muhajir Hamid, Amin Ismail, Zainah Adam
    Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia, 2015;13(2):37-43.
    MyJurnal
    Hypoglycaemic and antihyperglycemic activity of oil palm Elaeis guineensis fruit extract on normal and Streptozotocininduced
    diabetic rats was studied. The oil palm fruit extract (OPF) were administered orally at different concentrations (100,
    200 and 500 mg kg-1 b.w.) in fasting and post-prandial rats. Hypoglycaemia was not observed in the group of normal rats
    treated with OPF. In fasting rats, OPF (500 mg kg-1 b.w.) has caused the blood glucose level (BGL) to reduce significantly.
    For post-prandial diabetic rats, the antihyperglycemic activity was observed after OPF treatment at concentrations 200
    and 500 mg kg-1. Chronic OPF treatments (for 28 days) had increased the diabetic rat’s body weight and reduced BGL as
    well as improved plasma insulin secretion. The result of this study suggests E. guineensis palm fruit extract show evidence
    of antihyperglycemic properties from the reduction of the BGL in diabetic rats.
    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental
  6. Fulltext Effect of the combination of gelam honey and ginger on oxidative stress and metabolic profile in streptozotocin-induced diabetic Sprague-Dawley rats
    Sani NF, Belani LK, Sin CP, Rahman SN, Das S, Chi TZ, et al.
    Biomed Res Int, 2014;2014:160695.
    PMID: 24822178 DOI: 10.1155/2014/160695
    Diabetic complications occur as a result of increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to long term hyperglycaemia. Honey and ginger have been shown to exhibit antioxidant activity which can scavenge ROS. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant and antidiabetic effects of gelam honey, ginger, and their combination. Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 2 major groups which consisted of diabetic and nondiabetic rats. Diabetes was induced with streptozotocin intramuscularly (55 mg/kg body weight). Each group was further divided into 4 smaller groups according to the supplements administered: distilled water, honey (2 g/kg body weight), ginger (60 mg/kg body weight), and honey + ginger. Body weight and glucose levels were recorded weekly, while blood from the orbital sinus was obtained after 3 weeks of supplementation for the estimation of metabolic profile: glucose, triglyceride (TG), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), reduced glutathione (GSH): oxidized glutathione (GSSG), and malondialdehyde (MDA). The combination of gelam honey and ginger did not show hypoglycaemic potential; however, the combination treatment reduced significantly (P < 0.05) SOD and CAT activities as well as MDA level, while GSH level and GSH/GSSG ratio were significantly elevated (P < 0.05) in STZ-induced diabetic rats compared to diabetic control rats.
    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism*
  7. Fulltext Antidiabetic properties and mechanism of action of Gynura procumbens water extract in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
    Hassan Z, Yam MF, Ahmad M, Yusof AP
    Molecules, 2010;15(12):9008-23.
    PMID: 21150821 DOI: 10.3390/molecules15129008
    Gynura procumbens (Lour.) Merr (family Compositae) is cultivated in Southeast Asia, especially Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand, for medicinal purposes. This study evaluated the in vivo hypoglycemic properties of the water extract of G. procumbens following 14 days of treatment and in vitro in RIN-5F cells. Glucose absorption from the intestines and its glucose uptake in abdominal skeletal muscle were assessed. The antidiabetic effect of water extract of G. procumbens leaves was investigated in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT) was performed in diabetic rats treated with G. procumbens water extract for 14 days. In the IPGTT, blood was collected for insulin and blood glucose measurement. After the IPGTT, the pancreases were collected for immunohistochemical study of β-cells of the islets of Langerhans. The possible antidiabetic mechanisms of G. procumbens were assessed through in vitro RIN-5F cell study, intestinal glucose absorption and glucose uptake by muscle. The results showed that G. procumbens significantly decreased blood glucose levels after 14 days of treatment and improved outcome of the IPGTT. However, G. procumbens did not show a significant effect on insulin level either in the in vivo test or the in vitro RIN-5F cell culture study. G. procumbens also showed minimal effects on β-cells of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas. However, G. procumbens only significantly increased glucose uptake by muscle tissues. From the findings we can conclude that G. procumbens water extract exerted its hypoglycemic effect by promoting glucose uptake by muscles.
    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/drug therapy*; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism
  8. Altered cardiac tissue and plasma kininogen levels in hypertensive and diabetic rats
    Sharma JN, Kesavarao U, Yusof AP
    Immunopharmacology, 1999 Sep;43(2-3):129-32.
    PMID: 10596843 DOI: 10.1016/s0162-3109(99)00070-3
    The present investigation was aimed at evaluating the cardiac and total plasma kininogen levels, as well as LVWT in hypertensive and diabetic rats. STZ-induced diabetes produced a significant (P < 0.001) rise in mean arterial blood pressure (BP). The LVWT increased (P < 0.001) in SHR with and without diabetes) and diabetic WKYR. The cardiac tissue, as well as total plasma kininogen levels fell significantly (P < 0.001) in diabetic WKYR and SHR with and without diabetes compared to the control WKYR. These findings suggest that reduced kininogen levels may indicate a deficiency in kinin generation in the heart and in the peripheral circulation in diabetic and hypertensive rats. This effect may contribute to the development of LVH.
    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism*
  9. Left ventricular hypertrophy and its relation to the cardiac kinin-forming system in hypertensive and diabetic rats
    Sharma JN, Uma K, Yusof AP
    Int J Cardiol, 1998 Feb 28;63(3):229-35.
    PMID: 9578349 DOI: 10.1016/s0167-5273(97)00329-x
    We investigated the cardiac tissue kallikrein and kininogen levels, left ventricular wall thickness and mean arterial blood pressure of Wistar Kyoto and spontaneously hypertensive rats with and without streptozotocin-induced diabetes. The mean arterial blood pressure was highly elevated (P<0.001) in Wistar Kyoto diabetic and spontaneously hypertensive diabetic rats as compared with their respective controls. The cardiac tissue kallikrein and kininogen levels were reduced significantly (P<0.001) in diabetic Wistar Kyoto, spontaneously hypertensive and diabetic spontaneously hypertensive compared with Wistar Kyoto control rats. In addition, the left ventricular thickness was found to be increased (P<0.001) in diabetic Wistar Kyoto and spontaneously hypertensive rats in the presence and in the absence of diabetes. Our results indicate that reduced activity of the kinin-forming system may be responsible for inducing left ventricular hypertrophy in the presence of raised mean arterial blood pressure in diabetic and hypertensive rats. Thus, the kinin-forming components might have a protective role against the development of left ventricular hypertrophy. The possible significance of these findings is discussed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/complications; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/physiopathology*
  10. Modulation of oxidative stress by Chlorella vulgaris in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic Sprague-Dawley rats
    Aizzat O, Yap SW, Sopiah H, Madiha MM, Hazreen M, Shailah A, et al.
    Adv Med Sci, 2010;55(2):281-8.
    PMID: 21147697 DOI: 10.2478/v10039-010-0046-z
    Chlorella vulgaris (CV), a fresh water alga has been reported to have hypoglycemic effects. However, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of CV in diabetic animals have not been investigated to date. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of CV in inflammation and oxidative damage in STZ-induced diabetic rats.
    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/diet therapy*
  11. Fulltext Antihyperglycemic effect of orthosiphon stamineus benth leaves extract and its bioassay-guided fractions
    Mohamed EA, Mohamed AJ, Asmawi MZ, Sadikun A, Ebrika OS, Yam MF
    Molecules, 2011 May 04;16(5):3787-801.
    PMID: 21544041 DOI: 10.3390/molecules16053787
    Preliminary investigations were carried out to evaluate the antidiabetic effects of the leaves of O. stamineus extracted serially with solvents of increasing polarity (petroleum ether, chloroform, methanol and water); bioassay-guided purification of plant extracts using the subcutaneous glucose tolerance test (SbGTT) was also carried out. Only the chloroform extract, given at 1 g/kg body weight (b.w.), significantly reduced (P < 0.05) the blood glucose level of rats loaded subcutaneously with 150 mg/kg (b.w.) glucose. The active chloroform extract of O. stamineus was separated into five fractions using a dry flash column chromatography method. Out of the five fractions tested, only chloroform fraction 2 (Cƒ2), at the dose of 1 g/kg (b.w.) significantly inhibited (P < 0.05) blood glucose levels in SbGTT. Active Cƒ2 was split into two sub-fractions Cƒ2-A and Cƒ2-B, using a dry flash column chromatography method. The activities Cƒ2-A and Cƒ2-B were investigated using SbGTT, and the active sub-fraction was then further studied for anti-diabetic effects in a streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model. The results clearly indicate that Cƒ2-B fraction exhibited a blood glucose lowering effect in fasted treated normal rats after glucose-loading of 150 mg/kg (b.w.). In the acute streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model, Cƒ2-B did not exhibit a hypoglycemic effect on blood glucose levels up to 7 hours after treatment. Thus, it appears that Cƒ2-B functions similarly to metformin, which has no hypoglycemic effect but demonstrates an antihyperglycemic effect only in normogycemic models. The effect of Cƒ2-B may have no direct stimulatory effects on insulin secretion or on blood glucose levels in diabetic animal models. Verification of the active compound(s) within the active fraction (Cƒ2-B) indicated the presence of terpenoids and, flavonoids, including sinensitin.
    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/drug therapy
  12. Fulltext Evaluation of α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Effect of 50% Ethanolic Standardized Extract of Orthosiphon stamineus Benth in Normal and Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats
    Mohamed EA, Ahmad M, Ang LF, Asmawi MZ, Yam MF
    Evid Based Complement Alternat Med, 2015;2015:754931.
    PMID: 26649063 DOI: 10.1155/2015/754931
    In the present study, a 50% ethanolic extract of Orthosiphon stamineus was tested for its α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. In vivo assays of the extract (containing 1.02%, 3.76%, and 3.03% of 3'hydroxy-5,6,7,4'-tetramethoxyflavone, sinensetin, and eupatorin, resp.) showed that it possessed an inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase in normal rats loaded with starch and sucrose. The results showed that 1000 mg/kg of the 50% ethanolic extract of O. stamineus significantly (P < 0.05) decreased the plasma glucose levels of the experimental animals in a manner resembling the effect of acarbose. In streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, only the group treated with 1000 mg/kg of the extract showed significantly (P < 0.05) lower plasma glucose levels after starch loading. Hence, α-glucosidase inhibition might be one of the mechanisms by which O. stamineus extract exerts its antidiabetic effect. Furthermore, our findings indicated that the 50% ethanolic extract of O. stamineus can be considered as a potential agent for the management of diabetes mellitus.
    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental
  13. Evaluation of wound healing activity of plumbagin in diabetic rats
    Shao Y, Dang M, Lin Y, Xue F
    Life Sci, 2019 Aug 15;231:116422.
    PMID: 31059689 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.04.048
    This study was performed to evaluate the antidiabetic and wound healing activity of plumbagin in diabetic rats by macroscopical, biochemical, histological, immunohistochemical and molecular methods. Percentage of wound closure and contraction was delayed in diabetic rats when compared to non-diabetic group. There was significant reduction in period of epithelialization, collagen and protein content. Serum insulin level was significantly lowered together with increase in glucose level in diabetic rats. Lipid levels were increased significantly with concomitant decrease in HDL level. The mRNA levels of Nrf2, collagen-1, TGF-β and α-SMA were significantly lowered whereas Keap-1 levels were increased in diabetic rats. The level of lipid peroxides was increased while the levels of antioxidants were lowered significantly. ELISA results reveal upregulated levels of inflammatory markers. Western blot result shows upregulated levels of CD68 and CD163 proteins in wound area of diabetic rats. Histopathological observation revealed increased inflammatory cells infiltration in diabetic control. Immunofluorescent staining and immunohistochemical analysis also displayed delayed wound healing in diabetic groups. Diabetic rats treated with 10% and 20% plumbagin showed increased epithelialization, collagen deposition, increased serum insulin level and increased antioxidant status. Lipid peroxides and lipid levels were lowered significantly with increase in HDL level. Inflammatory markers were lowered, and growth factors expressions were increased markedly. Thus, the results of the study indicated that plumbagin administration could improve wound healing activity and could serve as a potent antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory agent.
    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental
  14. Vitexin and isovitexin from the Leaves of Ficus deltoidea with in-vivo α-glucosidase inhibition
    Choo CY, Sulong NY, Man F, Wong TW
    J Ethnopharmacol, 2012 Aug 1;142(3):776-81.
    PMID: 22683902 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.05.062
    The leaves of Ficus deltoidea are used as a traditional medicine by diabetes patients in Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/blood; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/drug therapy*
  15. A note on (+)-catechin
    Wiart C
    Nutr Res, 2015 Jun;35(6):545.
    PMID: 25957969 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2015.04.014
    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/drug therapy*
  16. Fulltext Effects of Canarium odontophyllum leaves on plasma glucose and T lymphocyte population in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
    Saari SM, Basri DF, Budin SB, Warif NM
    Saudi J Biol Sci, 2017 Feb;24(2):320-323.
    PMID: 28149168 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2015.09.032
    Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease characterized by lack of insulin production. Immune mechanisms are implicated in the pathogenesis of Type 1 diabetes. Canarium odontophyllum (CO) fruits and leaves have been shown to possess high antioxidant activity. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of CO leaves aqueous extract on the blood glucose and T lymphocyte population in the spleen of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Nineteen male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: normal, diabetic control and CO treated diabetic groups. Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of 65 mg STZ/kg body weight. The extract of CO leaves was administered orally by force feeding daily at the dose of 300 mg/kg for 28 days. The rats were sacrificed at the end of the study and the spleen was harvested for flow cytometry analysis. The results showed a significant decrease in body weight of diabetic and CO treated diabetic groups compared with the normal group (p 
    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental
  17. New isatin derivative inhibits neurodegeneration by restoring insulin signaling in brain
    Aftab MF, Afridi SK, Mughal UR, Karim A, Haleem DJ, Kabir N, et al.
    J. Chem. Neuroanat., 2017 04;81:1-9.
    PMID: 28093241 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2017.01.001
    Diabetes is associated with neurodegeneration. Glycation ensues in diabetes and glycated proteins cause insulin resistance in brain resulting in amyloid plaques and NFTs. Also glycation enhances gliosis by promoting neuroinflammation. Currently there is no therapy available to target neurodegenration in brain therefore, development of new therapy that offers neuroprotection is critical. The objective of this study was to evaluate mechanistic effect of isatin derivative URM-II-81, an anti-glycation agent for improvement of insulin action in brain and inhibition of neurodegenration. Methylglyoxal induced stress was inhibited by treatment with URM-II-81. Also, Ser473 and Ser9 phosphorylation of Akt and GSK-3β respectively were restored by URM-II-81. Effect of URM-II-81 on axonal integrity was studied by differentiating Neuro2A using retinoic acid. URM-II-81 restored axonal length in MGO treated cells. Its effects were also studied in high fat and low dose streptozotocin induced diabetic mice where it reduced RBG levels and inhibited glycative stress by reducing HbA1c. URM-II-81 treatment also showed inhibition of gliosis in hippocampus. Histological analysis showed reduced NFTs in CA3 hippocampal region and restoration of insulin signaling in hippocampii of diabetic mice. Our findings suggest that URM-II-81 can be developed as a new therapeutic agent for treatment of neurodegenration.
    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/drug therapy; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism*; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology
  18. Comparative effects of palm vitamin E and alpha-tocopherol on healing and wound tissue antioxidant enzyme levels in diabetic rats
    Musalmah M, Nizrana MY, Fairuz AH, NoorAini AH, Azian AL, Gapor MT, et al.
    Lipids, 2005 Jun;40(6):575-80.
    PMID: 16149736
    The effect of supplementing 200 mg/kg body weight palm vitamin E (PVE) and 200 mg/kg body weight alpha-tocopherol (alpha-Toc) on the healing of wounds in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats was evaluated. The antioxidant potencies of these two preparations of vitamin E were also evaluated by determining the antioxidant enzyme activities, namely, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the healing of dermal wounds. Healing was evaluated by measuring wound contractions and protein contents in the healing wounds. Cellular redistribution and collagen deposition were assessed morphologically using cross-sections of paraffin-embedded day-10 wounds stained according to the Van Gieson method. GPx and SOD activities as well as MDA levels were determined in homogenates of day-10 dermal wounds. Results showed that PVE had a greater potency to enhance wound repair and induce the increase in free radical-scavenging enzyme activities than alpha-Toc. Both PVE and alpha-Toc, however, were potent antioxidants and significantly reduced the lipid peroxidation levels in the wounds as measured by the reduction in MDA levels.
    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology
  19. Fulltext Potential Effect of Polyphenolic-Rich Fractions of Corn Silk on Protecting Endothelial Cells against High Glucose Damage Using In Vitro and In Vivo Approaches
    Hamzah N, Safuan S, Wan Ishak WR
    Molecules, 2021 Jun 16;26(12).
    PMID: 34208534 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26123665
    Endothelial cell dysfunction is considered to be one of the major causes of vascular complications in diabetes. Polyphenols are known as potent antioxidants that can contribute to the prevention of diabetes. Corn silk has been reported to contain polyphenols and has been used in folk medicine in China for the treatment of diabetes. The present study aims to investigate the potential protective role of the phenolic-rich fraction of corn silk (PRF) against injuries to vascular endothelial cells under high glucose conditions in vitro and in vivo. The protective effect of PRF from high glucose toxicity was investigated using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The protective effect of PRF was subsequently evaluated by using in vivo methods in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Results showed that the PRF significantly reduced the cytotoxicity of glucose by restoring cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. PRF was also able to prevent the histological changes in the aorta of STZ-induced diabetic rats. Results suggested that PRF might have a beneficial effect on diabetic patients and may help to prevent the development and progression of diabetic complications such as diabetic nephropathy and atherosclerosis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/drug therapy
  20. Carboxymethyl fenugreek galactomannan-gellan gum-calcium silicate composite beads for glimepiride delivery
    Bera H, Mothe S, Maiti S, Vanga S
    Int J Biol Macromol, 2018 Feb;107(Pt A):604-614.
    PMID: 28916379 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.09.027
    Novel carboxymethyl fenugreek galactomannan (CFG)-gellan gum (GG)-calcium silicate (CS) composite beads were developed for controlled glimepiride (GLI) delivery. CFG having degree of carboxymethylation of 0.71 was synthesized and characterized by FTIR, DSC and XRD analyses. Subsequently, GLI-loaded hybrids were accomplished by ionotropic gelation technique employing Ca+2/Zn+2/Al+3 ions as cross-linkers. All the formulations demonstrated excellent drug encapsulation efficiency (DEE, 48-97%) and sustained drug release behaviour (Q8h, 62-94%). These quality attributes were remarkably influenced by polymer-blend (GG:CFG) ratios, cross-linker types and CS inclusion. The drug release profile of the optimized formulation (F-6) was best fitted in zero-order model with anomalous diffusion driven mechanism. It also conferred excellent ex vivo mucoadhesive property and considerable hypoglycemic effect in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Furthermore, the beads were characterized for drug-excipients compatibility, drug crystallinity, thermal behaviour and surface morphology. Thus, the developed hybrid matrices are appropriate for controlled delivery of GLI for Type 2 diabetes management.
    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/chemically induced; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/drug therapy*; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology
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